Comparison of the Haas and the Oxford classifications for prediction of renal outcome in patients with IgA nephropathy

Park, K.S.,Han, S.H.,Kie, J.H.,Nam, K.H.,Lee, M.J.,Lim, B.J.,Kwon, Y.E.,Kim, Y.L.,An, S.Y.,Kim, C.H.,Doh, F.M.,Koo, H.M.,Oh, H.J.,Kang, S.W.,Choi, K.H.,Jeong, H.J.,Yoo, T.H. W. B. Saunders Co ; Centrum Philadelphia 2014 Human pathology Vol.45 No.2

Pathologic features can provide valuable information for determining prognosis in IgA nephropathy (IgAN). However, it is uncertain whether the Oxford classification, a new classification of IgAN, can predict renal outcome better than previous ones. We conducted a retrospective cohort study in 500 patients with biopsy-proven IgAN between January 2002 and December 2010 to compare the ability of the Haas and the Oxford classifications to predict renal outcome. Primary outcome was a doubling of the baseline serum creatinine concentration (D-SCr). During a mean follow-up of 68months, 52 (10.4%) and 35 (7.0%) developed D-SCr and end-stage renal disease, respectively. There were graded increases in the development of D-SCr in the higher Haas classes. In addition, the primary endpoint of D-SCr occurred more in patients with the Oxford M and T lesions than those without such lesions. In multivariate Cox regression analyses, the Haas class V (HR, 12.19; P=.002) and the Oxford T1 (hazard ratio [HR], 6.68; P<.001) and T2 (HR, 12.16; P<.001) lesions were independently associated with an increased risk of reaching D-SCr. Harrell's C index of each multivariate model with the Haas and the Oxford classification was 0.867 (P=.015) and 0.881 (P=.004), respectively. This was significantly higher than that of model with clinical factors only (C=0.819). However, there was no difference in C-statistics between the 2 models with the Haas and the Oxford classifications (P=.348). This study suggests that the Haas and the Oxford classifications are comparable in predicting progression of IgAN.

Comparative study for electrical transport characteristics of self-assembled monolayers formed by benzenethiol, cyclohexanethiol, and adamantanethiol

Kim, J.,Jeong, H.,Seong, S.,Kim, M.,Kim, D.,Hwang, W.T.,Jang, Y.,Choi, B.Y.,Koo, J.,Park, S.B.,Noh, J.,Lee, T. ELSEVIER 2017 Current Applied Physics Vol.17 No.11

<P>We investigated the effect of molecular backbone structure on the electrical transport properties of self-assembled monolayer (SAM)-based molecular devices which were made with using three different molecules; benzenethiol (denoted as BT), cyclohexanethiol (CHT), and adamantanethiol (ADT). These molecules have similar ring-shaped backbone structures but different molecular orbital systems. The molecular devices were fabricated as a vertical metal-SAM-molecule structure by a conventional optical lithography-based microscale via-hole technique with employing PEDOT: PSS (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)) stabilized with poly(4-styrenesulfonic acid) interlayer, which leads to a high device yield. We found that the current density of BT molecular devices was one order higher than that of CHT and ADT molecular devices due to the different molecular orbital systems. Also, we observed that the current densities of CHT and ADT devices were slightly different according to the statistical analysis because of the different structural uniformity of SAMs. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

한국인 Long Term Non Progressors로부터 분리된 HIV-1 env 및 nef 유전자와 이들의 면역 유전학적 특성 분석에 의한 질병진전 요인 규명

이주실,강춘,김성순,박근용,고운영,기미경,최병선,남정구,서순덕,이성래,구본기,박혜경,도경미,김태규,최희백,조현일,김요숙,김지영,이해정,안수진 국립보건연구원 1999 국립보건원보 Vol.36 No.-

CHO 세포와 형질전환 닭에 있어서 Retrovirus Vector System에 의한 hFSH 재조합 유전자의 전이와 발현

권모선,구본철,심호섭,박창식,이성호,김태완 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2004 논문집 Vol. No.8

hFSH (human follicle stimulating hormone) is heterodimer consisting of α and β subunits. Since assembly of the both subunits in the cell is often the rate-limiting step in production of functional hormone, single-chain hormones have been engineered by genetically linking two different cDNA fragments with a linker sequence. Using retrovirus vector system, the resulting recombinant hFSH gene was transferred in CHO cells and chicken embryos, and the expression bf the gene was investigated. In CHO cells, protein synthesis from the single-chain FSH gene was 17 fold higher than that from the heterodimeric counterpart. In the study of transgenic chickens, ten of the eleven chicks hatched from 62 embryos manupulated with recombinant retrovirus stock was determined to carry transgenic genes. RT-PCR analyses confirmed transcription of the single-chain FSH gene, however, no recombinant FSH was detected from the blood samples.

Mouse Mammary Epithelial Cell에서 Retrovirus Vector를 이용한 Human Lactadherin 유전자의 유도적 발현

권모선,구본철,정병현,염행철,박창식,김태완 충남대학교 형질전환복제돼지연구센터 2004 논문집 Vol. No.8

Lactadherin (formerly known as BA46), a major glycoprotein of the human milk fat globule membrane, is abundant in human breast milk and breast carcinomas and may prevent symptomatic rotavirus infections. In this study, under the control of tissue specific and hormonal inducible mouse whey acidic protein (WAP) promoter, the expression pattern of lactadherin (Ltd) in lactogenic hormone - dependent mouse mammary epithelial cell line HCll were tested. pLNWLtd construct containing 2.4 kilobases of the WAP promoter and 1.5 kilobases of human lactadherin gene was stably transfered into HCll cells using retroviral vector system. Integration and expression level of the transgene was estimated using PCR and RT-PCR, respectively. Prominent induction of Ltd gene under the WAP promoter was accomplished in the presence of insulin, hydrocortisone and prolactin. Compared to the control (cells cultured with insulin alone), however we observed that the WAP promoter was leaky. These data indicate that futher studies are needed in finding an appropriate promoter other than WAP promoter because of its leakiness.

박막자기헤드의 집적공정 기술개발에 관한 연구

이석윤,허명수,손동수,황병철,조동율,천희곤,오태희,송병무,송한식,이우형,이광철,김오규,권영규,구경완 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1995 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.6 No.1

The thin film growing processes and the photolithographic techniques involved in the manufacturing of thin film magnetic heads are discussed. The thin film heads are composed of the hundreds of electromagnetic transducers on a single wafer and are made of Al_(2)O_(3)-TiC substrate on which Al_(2)O_(3) film as a insulating, protective layer and gap material, Cu film as a multi-turn coil and permalloy film as a magnetic material are deposited and patterned. In this article we will introduce how the thin film heads is fabricated and differ from an integrated semiconductor device. An effort is devoted to develop the formation of PR frame using a lithography process and finally the thin film heads manufacturing technologies.

Complex chromosomal rearrangements by single catastrophic pathogenesis in NUT midline carcinoma

Lee, J.-K.,Louzada, S.,An, Y.,Kim, S. Y.,Kim, S.,Youk, J.,Park, S.,Koo, S. H.,Keam, B.,Jeon, Y. K.,Ku, J.-L.,Yang, F.,Kim, T. M.,Ju, Y. S. Oxford University Press 2017 Annals of Oncology Vol.28 No.4

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>Nuclear protein in testis (NUT) midline carcinoma (NMC) is a rare aggressive malignancy often occurring in the tissues of midline anatomical structures. Except for the pathognomonic <I>BRD3/4–NUT</I> rearrangement, the comprehensive landscape of genomic alterations in NMCs has been unexplored.</P><P><B>Patients and methods</B></P><P>We investigated three NMC cases, including two newly diagnosed NMC patients in Seoul National University Hospital, and a previously reported cell line (Ty-82). Whole-genome and transcriptome sequencing were carried out for these cases, and findings were validated by multiplex fluorescence <I>in situ</I> hybridization and using individual fluorescence probes.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Here, we present the first integrative analysis of whole-genome sequencing, transcriptome sequencing and cytogenetic characterization of NUT midline carcinomas. By whole-genome sequencing, we identified a remarkably similar pattern of highly complex genomic rearrangements (previously denominated as chromoplexy) involving the <I>BRD3/4–NUT</I> oncogenic rearrangements in two newly diagnosed NMC cases. Transcriptome sequencing revealed that these complex rearrangements were transcribed as very simple <I>BRD3/4–NUT</I> fusion transcripts. In Ty-82 cells, we also identified a complex genomic rearrangement involving the <I>BRD4–NUT</I> rearrangement underlying the simple t(15;19) karyotype. Careful inspections of rearrangement breakpoints indicated that these rearrangements were likely attributable to single catastrophic events. Although the NMC genomes had >3000 somatic point mutations, canonical oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes were rarely affected, indicating that they were largely passenger events. Mutational signature analysis showed predominant molecular clock-like signatures in all three cases (accounting for 54%−75% of all base substitutions), suggesting that NMCs may arise from actively proliferating normal cells.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>Taken together, our findings suggest that a single catastrophic event in proliferating normal cells could be sufficient for neoplastic transformation into NMCs.</P>

Logarithmic temperature variations of the elastic constant of barium titanate near the ferroelectric phase transition

Ko, J.-H.,Kim, T.H.,Kojima, S.,Roleder, K.,Rytz, D.,Won, C.J.,Hur, N.J.,Jung, J.H.,Koo, T.-Y.,Kim, S.B.,Park, K. Elsevier 2012 Current Applied Physics Vol.12 No.4

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The temperature variations of the elastic constant <I>C</I><SUB>11</SUB> and the corresponding acoustic attenuation coefficient of barium titanate single crystals grown by two different methods in the paraelectric phase were obtained in a wide temperature by means of Brillouin light scattering. Two phenomenological approaches were adopted to attempt to explain the anomalous change in <I>C</I><SUB>11</SUB> (denoted as Δ<I>C</I><SUB>11</SUB>) in the paraelectric phase. Δ<I>C</I><SUB>11</SUB> exhibited a logarithmic variation as log[(<I>T</I>−<I>T</I><SUB>0</SUB>)/<I>T</I><SUB>0</SUB>] in a certain temperature range from <I>T</I><SUB>c</SUB> to about <I>T</I><SUB>c</SUB>+80°C instead of the other variation of (<I>T</I>−<I>T</I><SUB>0</SUB>)<SUP><I>ζ</I></SUP> predicted by the mean-field approach. This temperature range was almost the same as the range where precursor dynamics were theoretically predicted to set in. The fact that the logarithmic variation was proposed for uniaxial systems might indicate that the correlated deformation of precursor polar clusters is tetragonal, as was suggested from nuclear magnetic resonance study <ce:cross-ref refid='bib7'>[7]</ce:cross-ref>.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► We measure the temperature variation of the elastic constant of barium titanate. ► The elastic constant shows logarithmic temperature variation in the paraelectric phase. ► The anomalous change of the elastic constant is related to the precursor dynamics.</P>

Comparison of Perioperative Renal Function Between Epidural and Intravenous Patient-Controlled Analgesia After Living-Donor Hepatectomy: A Retrospective Study

Ham, S.Y.,Kim, E.J.,Kim, T.H.,Koo, B.-N. Elsevier 2018 Transplantation proceedings Vol.50 No.5

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Sympathetic blockade associated with epidural analgesia was reported to be a risk factor for acute kidney injury (AKI) following liver resection. The purpose of this study was to compare the incidence of AKI after living-donor hepatectomies according to the type of patient-controlled analgesia (PCA).</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>A total of 316 patients after living-donor hepatectomy were retrospectively analyzed; 148 patients in the epidural PCA group and 168 patients in the intravenous (IV) PCA group were evaluated. AKI was defined as an increase in serum creatinine ≥0.3 mg/dL, ie, 1.5-fold from the baseline, or a reduction in the urine output in the first 48 hours after surgery, based on the Acute Kidney Injury Network criteria. Logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the independent risk factors for AKI after living-donor hepatectomy.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Baseline characteristics were similar between the 2 groups except the age. Volumes of fluids and colloids administered intraoperatively were greater in the epidural PCA group (<I>P</I> < .001 and <I>P</I> = .006, respectively). The incidence of AKI did not show significant differences between the 2 groups (8.1% vs 7.1%; <I>P</I> = .747). In multivariate analysis, preoperative serum alanine transaminase level ≥50 U/L was identified as a risk factor for postoperative AKI. However, epidural PCA failed to be a risk factor for postoperative AKI.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>The type of PCA did not affect the incidence of postoperative AKI after living-donor hepatectomy. Despite significant differences in the postoperative hemodynamics, the incidence of AKI was similar between 2 groups.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Sympathetic blockade associated with epidural analgesia has been reported to be a risk factor for acute kidney injury (AKI) following liver resection. </LI> <LI> Perioperative fluid balances, hemodynamics, and postoperative serum creatinine level showed significant differences according to the type of PCA in patients undergoing living-donor hepatectomy. </LI> <LI> Although the type of PCA might affect perioperative renal function and hemodynamics, it did not have an effect on the occurrence of AKI in patients undergoing living-donor hepatectomy. </LI> </UL> </P>

Molecular epidemiology and environmental contamination during an outbreak of parainfluenza virus 3 in a haematology ward

Kim, T.,Jin, C.E.,Sung, H.,Koo, B.,Park, J.,Kim, S.-M.,Kim, J.Y.,Chong, Y.P.,Lee, S.-O.,Choi, S.-H.,Kim, Y.S.,Woo, J.H.,Lee, J.-H.,Lee, J.-H.,Lee, K.-H.,Shin, Y.,Kim, S.-H. Elsevier 2017 The Journal of hospital infection Vol.97 No.4

<P><B>Summary</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Although fomites or contaminated surfaces have been considered as transmission routes, the role of environmental contamination by human parainfluenza virus type 3 (hPIV-3) in healthcare settings is not established.</P> <P><B>Aim</B></P> <P>To describe an hPIV-3 nosocomial outbreak and the results of environmental sampling to elucidate the source of nosocomial transmission and the role of environmental contamination.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>During an hPIV-3 outbreak between May and June 2016, environmental surfaces in contact with clustered patients were swabbed and respiratory specimens used from infected patients and epidemiologically unlinked controls. The epidemiologic relatedness of hPIV-3 strains was investigated by sequencing of the haemagglutinin–neuraminidase and fusion protein genes.</P> <P><B>Findings</B></P> <P>Of 19 hPIV-3-infected patients, eight were haematopoietic stem cell recipients and one was a healthcare worker. In addition, four had upper and 12 had lower respiratory tract infections. Of the 19 patients, six (32%) were community-onset infections (symptom onset within <7 days of hospitalization) and 13 (68%) were hospital-onset infections (≥7 days of hospitalization). Phylogenetic analysis identified two major clusters: five patients, and three patients plus one healthcare worker. Therefore, seven (37%) were classified as nosocomial transmissions. hPIV-3 was detected in 21 (43%) of 49 environmental swabs up to 12 days after negative respiratory polymerase chain reaction conversion.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>At least one-third of a peak season nosocomial hPIV-3 outbreak originated from nosocomial transmission, with multiple importations of hPIV-3 from the community, providing experimental evidence for extensive environmental hPIV-3 contamination. Direct contact with the contaminated surfaces and fomites or indirect transmission from infected healthcare workers could be responsible for nosocomial transmission.</P>