DMNQ S-64 Induces Apoptosis via Caspase Activation and Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibition in Human Nonsmall Lung Cancer Cells

LIM, E.-S.,RHEE, Y.-H.,PARK, M.-K.,SHIM, B.-S.,AHN, K.-S.,KANG, H.,YOO, H.-S.,KIM, S.-H. Wiley (Blackwell Publishing) 2007 Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences Vol.1095 No.1

<P>Shikonin has been reported to induce apoptosis and inhibit angiogenesis in vivo and in vitro. 6-(1-propoxyiminoalkyl)-5,8-dimethoxyoxy 1,4-naphtoquinone S-64 (DMNQ S-64) was synthesized as a shikonin derivative. In this article, the underlying apoptotic mechanism of DMNQ S-64 was examined. DMNQ S-64 exerted cytotoxicity against A549 lung carcinoma cells with IC(50) of 27.3 microM. Apoptotic bodies were observed in DMNQ S-64-treated A549 cells by 4'-6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) staining assay. DMNQ S-64 also increased sub-G1 DNA portion in a concentration-dependent manner by flow cytometric analysis. Western blotting has revealed that DMNQ S-64 effectively activates the expression of caspase 8, 9, and 3, cleaves poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase, and increases the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2. Furthermore, cytochrome c was released in a concentration-dependent manner by DMNQ S-64. Similarly, DMNQ S-64 significantly increased caspase 3 activity by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). It also significantly inhibited the level of prostaglandin E2 (PGE(2)) by ELISA and downregulated the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, DMNQ S-64 may exhibit cytotoxicity against A549 cells via caspase activation and COX-2 inhibition.</P>

Predicting temporal shifts in the spring occurrence of overwintered Scotinophara lurida (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae) and rice phenology in Korea with climate change

Lee, H.,Kang, W. S.,Ahn, M. I.,Cho, K.,Lee, J. H. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 International journal of biometeorology Vol.60 No.1

<P>Climate change could shift the phenology of insects and plants and alter their linkage in space and time. We examined the synchrony of rice and its insect pest, Scotinophara lurida (Burmeister), under the representative concentration pathways (RCP) 8.5 climate change scenario by comparing the mean spring immigration time of overwintered S. lurida with the mean rice transplanting times in Korea. The immigration time of S. lurida was estimated using an overwintered adult flight model. The rice transplanting time of three cultivars (early, medium, and medium-late maturing) was estimated by forecasting the optimal cultivation period using leaf appearance and final leaf number models. A temperature increase significantly advanced the 99 % immigration time of S. lurida from Julian day 192.1 in the 2000s to 178.4 in the 2050s and 163.1 in the 2090s. In contrast, rice transplanting time was significantly delayed in the early-maturing cultivar from day 141.2 in the 2000s to 166.7 in the 2050s and 190.6 in the 2090s, in the medium-maturing cultivar from day 130.6 in the 2000s to 156.6 in the 2050s and 184.7 in the 2090s, and in the medium-late maturing cultivar from day 128.5 in 2000s to 152.9 in the 2050s and 182.3 in the 2090s. These simulation results predict a significant future phenological asynchrony between S. lurida and rice in Korea.</P>

Cold stress causes rapid but differential changes in properties of plasma membrane H⁺-ATPase of camelina and rapeseed

Kim, H.S.,Oh, J.M.,Luan, S.,Carlson, J.E.,Ahn, S.J. G. Fischer 2013 Journal of plant physiology Vol.170 No.9

Camelina (Camelina sativa) and rapeseed (Brassica napus) are well-established oil-seed crops with great promise also for biofuels. Both are cold-tolerant, and camelina is regarded to be especially appropriate for production on marginal lands. We examined physiological and biochemical alterations in both species during cold stress treatment for 3 days and subsequent recovery at the temperature of 25<SUP>o</SUP>C for 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 6, and 24h, with particular emphasis on the post-translational regulation of the plasma membrane (PM) H<SUP>+</SUP>-ATPase (EC3.6.3.14). The activity and translation of the PM H<SUP>+</SUP>-ATPase, as well as 14-3-3 proteins, increased after 3 days of cold stress in both species but recovery under normal conditions proceeded differently. The increase in H<SUP>+</SUP>-ATPase activity was the most dramatic in camelina roots after recovery for 2h at 25<SUP>o</SUP>C, followed by decay to background levels within 24h. In rapeseed, the change in H<SUP>+</SUP>-ATPase activity during the recovery period was less pronounced. Furthermore, H<SUP>+</SUP>-pumping increased in both species after 15min recovery, but to twice the level in camelina roots compared to rapeseed. Protein gel blot analysis with phospho-threonine anti-bodies showed that an increase in phosphorylation levels paralleled the increase in H<SUP>+</SUP>-transport rate. Thus our results suggest that cold stress and recovery in camelina and rapeseed are associated with PM H<SUP>+</SUP>-fluxes that may be regulated by specific translational and post-translational modifications.

Electrochemical analysis on the growth of oxide formed on stainless steels in molten carbonate at 650 ^oC

Ahn, S.,Oh, K.,Kim, M.,Youn, J.,Jo, K.,Kim, K.,Kwon, H. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2014 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.39 No.23

The oxide growth on stainless steel (SS) 310S and 316L, used as a cathode current collector material of molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC), were examined in the mixture of 62 mol% Li<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB>-38 mol% K<SUB>2</SUB>CO<SUB>3</SUB> at 650 <SUP>o</SUP>C by measuring the change in corrosion potential and potentiodynamic response of the alloys and also in terms of impedance analysis on the alloy|oxide layer|electrolyte system. The corrosion potential of SS 316L was in an active region for 12 h-immersion, whereas that of SS 310S drastically increased after 6 h-immersion due to an active to passive transition. The corrosion rate of the two SSs decreased with immersion due to the growth of protective oxide. However, the decrease in the corrosion rate of SS 310S is much greater than that of SS 316L. The oxide formed on the two SSs was found to be duplex layer, composed of inner Cr enriched oxide and outer Fe enriched oxide. However, the inner Cr enriched layer of 310S is more clearly separated from the outer Fe enriched layer than that of SS 316L due primarily to the higher Cr content in SS 310S. The drastic increase in the corrosion potential of SS 310S after 6 h-immersion is closely associated with the growth of the inner Cr enriched oxide layer. The corrosion resistance of SS depends dominantly on the resistance of the inner Cr enriched oxide that is determined form the impedance analysis on the alloy|oxide layer|electrolyte system. The higher corrosion resistance of SS 310S compared with SS 316L results from the more protective inner Cr enriched oxide layer, as confirmed by its higher resistance associated with the higher Cr content in SS 310S.

A phase II study of S-1 monotherapy administered for 2 weeks of a 3-week cycle in advanced gastric cancer patients with poor performance status

Jeung, H-C,Rha, S Y,Shin, S J,Ahn, J B,Noh, S H,Roh, J K,Chung, H C Nature Publishing Group 2007 The British journal of cancer Vol.97 No.4

<P>Systemic chemotherapy for gastric cancer is often associated with treatment-related toxicity, which is particularly severe in patients with a poor performance status. In this paper, we describe the first study to evaluate S-1 monotherapy as an option for advanced gastric cancer patients who are not candidates for combination chemotherapy due to poor clinical condition. Fifty-two patients with Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance scale 2–3, whose general condition had made use of combination chemotherapy impossible, were enrolled. S-1 was administered to 30 patients as second- or third-line therapy. The initial dose of S-1 was 35 mg m<SUP>−2</SUP>, administered b.i.d for 14 days every 3 weeks. With a median follow-up period of 33 weeks, the median progression-free survival, and overall survival were 11 weeks (95% CI, 8–14) and 33 weeks (95% CI, 19–47), respectively. The overall 1-year survival rate was 29% by intent-to-treat analysis. The overall response rate was 12% (95% CI, 3–21), and the percentage of stable disease was 35%, resulting in the disease control rate of 47% (95% CI, 32–60). Significant drug-related toxicity included grade 3 diarrhoea (14%), anorexia (14%), fatigue (10%), neutropenia (10%), and leucopenia (6%). In conclusion, this study indicated the modest activity of S-1 in gastric cancer patients with poor performance status.</P>

The microRNA miR-124 inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation by targeting S100 calcium-binding protein A4 (S100A4)

Choe, N.,Kwon, D. H.,Shin, S.,Kim, Y. S.,Kim, Y. K.,Kim, J.,Ahn, Y.,Eom, G. H.,Kook, H. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. 2017 FEBS letters Vol.591 No.7

<P>S100 calcium-binding protein A4 (S100A4) induces proliferation and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). We aimed to find the microRNA regulating S100A4 expression. S100A4 transcripts are abruptly increased in the acute phase of carotid arterial injury 1 day later (at day 1) but gradually decreases at days 7 and 14. Bioinformatics analysis reveals that miR-124 targets S100A4. VSMC survival is attenuated by miR-124 mimic but increased by miR-124 inhibitor. miR-124 decreases immediately after carotid arterial injury but dramatically increases at days 7 and 14. miR-124 inhibitor-induced cell proliferation is blocked by S100A4 siRNA, whereas miR-124-induced cell death is recovered by S100A4. Our findings suggest that miR-124 is a novel regulator of VSMC proliferation and may play a role in the development of neointimal proliferation.</P>

Photochemical tuning of ultrathin TiO2/p-Si p-n junction properties via UV-induced H doping

Lee, S. Y.,Kim, J.,Ahn, B.,Cho, I. S.,Yu, H. K.,Seo, H. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.13 No.2

<P>We report a modified TiO2/p-Si electronic structure that uses ultraviolet exposure for the incorporation of H. This structure was characterized using various photoelectron spectroscopic techniques. The ultraviolet (UV) exposure of the TiO2 surface allowed the Fermi energy level to be tuned by the insertion of H radicals, which induced changes in the heterojunction TiO2/p-Si diode properties. The UV exposure of the TiO2 surface was performed in air. On UVexposure, a photochemical reaction involving the incorporation of UV-induced H radicals led to the creation of a surface Ti-O-OH group and caused interstitial H doping (Ti-H-O) in the bulk, which modified the electronic structures in different ways, depending on the location of the H. On the basis of the band alignment determined using a combined spectroscopic analysis, it is suggested that the UV-induced H incorporation into the TiO2 could be utilized for the systematic tuning of the heterojunction property for solar cells, photocatalytic applications, and capacitors.</P>

20대 여성의 데이트폭력 피해 경험과 우울, 불안 및 신체화의 관계

김수민,김예진,김유정,남지현,박금빈,박이준,안혜민,오세연,유가현,유다현,전예지,김옥수,길민지 이화여자대학교간호학회 2020 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.54

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine the degree of date violence damage, depression, anxiety, and somatization among women in their 20s who had experienced date violence, and to investigate the correlations b etween the subjects’ experience of date violence damage and depression, anxiety and somatization. Method: The subject of this study were collected from September 04 to October 13, 2019, by posting advertisements on the women’s university community site in Seoul and a representative women;s community site on the Internet. 149 subjects were collected in their 20s who had experienced date violence from their partners. SPSS statistics 22.0 statistical program was used for data analysis, and standard deviation, T-test, ANOVA, and Pearson’s correlation coefficients were performed. Result: The results showed that the degree of experience of date violence was significantly correlated with symptoms of depression, anxiety, and somatization. Conclusion: Since there was correlations b etween depression, anxiety, and somatization symptoms in date violence victims, it is necessary to apply nursing intervention related to depression and anxiety to prevent somatization symptoms caused by date violence.

Effect of Tm3+ on the Strong Magnetic Anisotropy in the High-Tc Superconductor TmBa2Cu3Oy

J. H. Lee,김영철,D. Ahmad,김동진,정대영,I. S. Park,최민석,M. H. Sohn,장민수,Rock-Kil Ko,S. S. Ahn 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.50 No.4

The rare-earth superconductor TmBa2Cu3Ox(TmBCO) shows strong anisotropies in both para- magnetism and superconductivity. We discussed the eect of Tm3+ on the strong anisotropies of TmBCO. The magnetization (M) of TmBCO above the critical temperature (Tc) is very well described by the Brillouin function BJ (g¹BB=kBT) with J = 6, meaning that the paramagnetic signal of TmBCO is mainly generated from Tm3+ ions. The anisotropy of the magnetization values for T > Tc appears to be much stronger than that of YBCO. This can be explained by spin-orbit coupling of the two unpaired electrons of the Tm3+ ions in noncubic symmetry orbitals. From the superconducting signal below Tc, an anisotropy of the critical current density (Jcjj < Jc?) has been observed, where Jcjj and Jc? are the critical current densities measured under a .eld applied parallel to the c-axis (Hjj) and a .eld applied parallel to the ab-plane (H?), respectively. The super- conducting anisotropy can be explained by the local .eld intensity on the Cu-O planes depending on the spin alignment direction of the two unpaired electrons of the Tm3+ ion determined by H. In addition, Jc?(H) for H > 20 kOe increased a little as H increased, showing non-collective °ux pinning behavior. This means that the Tm3+ ions under H? serve as pinning centers in high .elds.ame=JP0

Therapeutic potential of compound K as an IKK inhibitor with implications for osteoarthritis prevention: an in silico and in vitro study

Kang, S.,Siddiqi, M. H.,Yoon, S. J.,Ahn, S.,Noh, H. Y.,Kumar, N. S.,Kim, Y. J.,Yang, D. C. Springer Science + Business Media 2016 In vitro cellular & developmental biology Animal Vol.52 No.9

<P>Ginsenosides have been used traditionally as an oriental medicine. However, the anti-osteoarthritic effect of ginsenoside compound K (hereafter referred to as CK) has not been reported. Therefore, in this study, the protective effects of CK were evaluated in silico and in vitro using H2O2-stimulated MC3T3-E1 cells by measuring the levels of proinflammatory cytokines responsible for articular cartilage degradation. In silico results demonstrated that, among the selected ginsenosides, CK is a non-toxic drug-like molecule with strong binding affinity for selected cytokine-activated kinase such as IkB alpha kinase (IKK). The molecular binding energy of CK with the active sites of IKK suggests anti-osteoarthritic functions. Cultured H2O2-stimulated MC3T3-E1 cells that were exposed to CK showed dramatically increased expression of osteoblast differentiation markers such as alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, type I collagen (Col-I) content, and mineralization. During aging, H2O2 also leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and nitric oxide (NO), which play important roles in the development of osteoarthritis (OA). Therefore, the effect of CK on ROS and NO generation was also examined. Our results showed that CK dose-dependently inhibited H2O2-induced ROS and NO production in MC3T3-E1 cells. Moreover, qRT-PCR data showed that CK increased expression of osteogenic markers such as ALP and Col-I but decreased expression of inflammatory-related genes including IKK and interleukin 1 beta (IL-1 beta) in a dose-dependent manner in H2O2-stimulated MC3T3-E1 cells. The findings of this study suggest the use of CK as a novel protective and therapeutic agent in AO.</P>