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김동진,Kim, Dong-Jin 대한양계협회 2013 월간 양계 Vol.45 No.2

Serum cystatin C level is a useful marker for the evaluation of renal function in patients with cirrhotic ascites and normal serum creatinine levels

김동진,강현석,최혁순,조혜진,김은선,금보라,안형진,김지훈,서연석,김용식,임형준,진윤태,이홍식,엄순호,김창덕,류호상 대한간학회 2011 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.17 No.2

Background/Aims:Several studies suggested that serum cystatin C (CysC) is more useful than serum creatinine (Cr) for the assessment of renal function in patients with liver cirrhosis. This study evaluated the clinical significance of CysC in patients with cirrhotic ascites and normal Cr level. Methods: We enrolled patients with cirrhotic ascites and a normal serum Cr level (<1.2 mg/dL). GFR was measured by ^(99m)Tc- DTPA renal scan. Serum Cr, CysC, and Cr clearance (CCr) were measured on the same day. Significant renal impairment and severe renal impairment were defined as GFR <60 mL/min and GFR <30 mL/min, respectively. Results: Eighty-nine patients with cirrhotic ascites were enrolled in the study (63 men and 26 women; age, 55±11 years). Forty-seven (52.8%) and 42 (47.2%) patients were in Child-Pugh grade B and C, respectively. Serum Cr and CysC levels and GFR were 0.8±0.2 mg/dL, 1.1±0.3 mg/L, and 73.4±25.5 mL/min, respectively. Significant and severe renal impairment were noted in 28 (31.5%) and 2 (2.2%) patients, respectively. GFR was well correlated with serum Cr, CysC, and e-GFRMDRD, while it was not correlated with e-GFRC&G. In multivariate analysis, only CysC was significantly correlated with GFR (β, 45.620; 95% CI, 23.042-68.198; P<0.001). Serum CysC level was the only independent predictor for significant renal impairment. Conclusions: Significant renal dysfunction was not rare in patients with cirrhotic ascites, even their serum Cr level is normal. Serum CysC is a useful marker for detecting significant renal dysfunction in these patients.

수열합성법에 의한 TiO2/active carbon 복합체의 제조 및 광촉매특성

김동진,이진희,이병우 한국결정성장학회 2013 韓國結晶成長學會誌 Vol.23 No.5

Granular bamboo-derived active carbons (AC) were impregnated (or coated) with TiO2 nano crystalline powders. The photocatalytic activity of the TiO2-impregnated active carbons (TiO2/AC) were determined on the basis of the degradation rate of methylene-blue aqueous solution under UV irradiation. The active compounds of TiO2 were impregnated onto the AC under moderate hydrothermal conditions (≤ 200oC, pH 11). The mean size of TiO2 particles calculated from BET surface area were found to be as 50 nm. The TiO2 precipitates were coated on the cavities or pores on the surfaces of highly activated carbons. Since the hydrothermal process led to a lowering of the on-set temperature of the anatase-torutile transition of TiO2 as low as 200oC, TiO2 crystallites of a pure anatase or a mixed form with rutile were successfully coated on the AC depending on the synthesis temperatures. 입상(대나무)활성탄 상에 나노 TiO2 결정을 담지 즉 분말코팅 하였다. 이와 같이 TiO2 담지된 활성탄 복합체의광촉매 활성도는 자외선 조사를 통한 메틸렌블루 수용액의 분해를 통해 측정하였다. 저온 수열합성법(≤ 200oC, pH 11)을 통해 광학적 촉매활성도가 높은 TiO2를 활성탄 상에 담지 할 수 있었으며, BET 표면적을 측정하여 계산된 TiO2 분말의 평균입도는 50 nm 정도였다. 수열처리 과정에서 TiO2가 합성되면서 동시에 활성탄의 표면 공극과 기공 상에 코팅이 이루어졌다. 이러한 수열합성법을 통한 합성은 TiO2의 anatase에서 rutile로의 상전이 시작 온도를 200oC 부근으로 낮추는 결과를 가져올수 있어, 합성온도에 따라 저온에서 순수한 anatase 또는 anatase와 rutile이 혼합된 TiO2 결정상들을 코팅 시킬 수 있었다.

INVESTIGATION ON MATERIAL DEGRADATION OF ALLOY 617 IN HIGH TEMPERATURE IMPURE HELIUM COOLANT

김동진,GYEONG-GEUN LEE,WOO GON KIM,박지연 한국원자력학회 2011 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.43 No.5

The corrosion of materials exposed to high temperature helium in a very high temperature reactor is caused by interaction with the impurities in the helium. This interaction then induces high temperature mechanical deterioration. By considering the effect of the impurity concentration on material corrosion, a long-term coolant chemistry guideline can be determined for the range of impurity concentration at which the material is stable for a long time. In this work, surface reactions were investigated by analyzing the thermodynamics and the experimental results for Alloy 617 exposed to controlled impure helium at 950ºC. Moreover, the surfaces were examined for the Alloy 617 crept in air and in uncontrolled helium, which was explained by possible surface reactions.

미로의 추상적인 공간형식을 통한 놀이 공간 연구

김동진 경기대학교 건축전문대학원 2007 경기대학교 건축대학원 논문집 Vol.11 No.-

본 논문은 두 가지의 제안에서 출발하였다. 첫째는 미로가 가지는 놀이공간의 가능성 탐구이며 둘째는 도시속의 미로 놀이공간이 가지는 역할에서부터 출발하였다. 미로는 요소의 조합이 아니라 그 자체가 환원 불가능한 하나의 추상적인 공간 구조이자 공간의 개념이다. 그래서 미로의 공간개념 (파편화, 탈중심성, 불확정적인 공간구조, 행위의 자율성)이 놀이공간으로 변화하기 위한 방법 즉 물리적 실재를 만드는 과정을 의도된 투사와 논리적 통제가 아니라 진행중인 과정 내에서 수시로 일어나는 지엽적이고 우발적인 변이들에 대한 발견과 부분적인 대응을 통해서 3차원미로 놀이공간의 가능성을 탐구했다. 그리고 이러한 관점에서 생성되어진 3차원미로 놀이공간이 미로적 요소를 가지고 있는 현대도시 속에 적용될 수 있는 공간과 역할은 도시의 흐름 속에서 찾을 수 있었다. 특히 인프라스트력쳐(infrastructure)를 지나는 흐름은 우발적인 변이에 의해 조절된다. 따라서 빠르게 지나치는 흐름과 지연되는 흐름 속에서 다양한 사건(event)들이 발생한다. 이러한 흐름 속의 사건들을 내포하고 있는 한강이라는 urban void에 대상지의 초점을 맞추었으며, 한강의 요소들 중 단지 서울의 교통흐름만을 남북으로 이어주는, 다른 프로그램이 개입되지 않은 교량(bridge)을 대상지로 설정하게 되었다. 따라서 한강교량의 놀이공간 개입은 도시의 event space로써 새로운 흐름을 만들어 낼 것이다. 미로의 추상적 공간형식을 통해 생성되어진 놀이공간에서의 경험은 예측할 수 없는 사건들일 것이다. 더욱이 평소 접근할 수 없는 한강의 교량과 수면에서 일어나는 놀이적 경험은 도시민들에게 새로운 놀이경험의 영역일 것이며 공간적 장(field)이 될 것이다. The present treatise set out two suggestions. At the first step is potentialities quest of play-space in maze, at the second is that roles in urban maze. The maze is not compounding of essential elements but itself sole immutable abstract structure and space. And the concept of maze (splinter-ism, out of the pivot, uncertain space structure, self-determination of behavior) has investigated in terms of changable way of turning into play-space that its process in making physical existence is not intended projection & logical regulation ,but the possibility of three-dimensional maze over discovery about unessential, and accidental variation under progression and partly confronting state of things. In a viewpoint of formed three-dimensional beauty the space and role which apply for modern urban in maze have been found in urban current. Especially the flow passing by infrastructure is controlled by accidental variation. Hence in the flow between speeded and retarded passing various events occur. Containing events in this flow the urban void in Han-River is focused on site, not meddling bridge in any other program is allowed to enlist ,which connects transportation within south and north. Consequently the introduction of play-space in Han-Kang bridge will make out latest flow as a event space in urban space. Through abstract space form in maze the experience at play-space will be unpredictable events. Furthermore ordinary times unaccessible Han-Kang bridge experience happening to surface of the water in the side of playing is going to be a novel territory and field.

Rotor Blade 회전관성력의 실험적 분석

김동진,이경호 한라대학교 2009 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

The UNFCCC for Climate change is not only a crisis for us while it is an opportunity for us as well It gives us a project to promote the development of new renewable energy industry with environment-friendly technology We are forced to reform our energy structure into the environment-friendly Following the central governmental policy local government is expanding the investment into research for climate change and development of energy efficient technology To satisfy the UNFCCC requirements we should replace fossil fuels to new renewable clean fuel energy resources including solar energy wind force fuel cell etc to reduce C02 emission A combined power generation system has been launched and operating for several months The propose of this study is to investigate the applicability of 3(three) of separate power generation system based on new renewable energy as alternative clean energy In order to investigate the applicability of each separate system total amount of generated power is monitored and analyzed in comparison with unit cost for the economic and safety point of view On top of theses issues such efforts for the adoption of environmentally friendly energy resources should be appraised Adoption of any type of power generation system should be customer's selection based on economic and safety point of view

Susceptibility of Alloy 690 to Stress Corrosion Cracking in Caustic Aqueous Solutions

김동진,김홍표,황성식 한국원자력학회 2013 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.45 No.1

Stress corrosion cracking (SCC) behaviors of Alloy 690 were studied in lead-containing aqueous alkaline solutions using the slow strain rate tension (SSRT) tests in 0.1M and 2.5M NaOH with and without PbO at 315oC. The side and fracture surfaces of the alloy were then examined using scanning electron microscopy after the SSRT test. Microstructure and composition of the surface oxide layer were analyzed by using a field emission transmission electron microscopy, equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Even though Alloy 690 was almost immune to SCC in 0.1M NaOH solution,irrespective of PbO addition, the SCC resistance of Alloy 690 decreased in a 2.5M NaOH solution and further decreased by the addition of PbO. Based on thermodynamic stability and solubility of oxide, high Cr of 30wt% in the Alloy 690 is favorable to SCC in mild alkaline and acidic solutions whereas the SCC resistance of high Cr Alloy 690 is weakened drastically in the strong alkaline solution where the oxide is not stable any longer and solubility is too high to form a passive oxide locally.

Gd(NixTi1-x)O3 세라믹의 강유전 특성 연구

김동진,장민수,이승환,박성균,이선순,정일경,박철홍,김현탁 한국물리학회 2013 New Physics: Sae Mulli Vol.63 No.1

Gd(NixTi1−x)O3 ceramics were synthesized using a solid-solution method and their structural and physical properties were characterized. For the x < 0.5 samples, ferroelectric characteristics were observed. On the other hand, for the x 0.5 samples, maximum dielectric constants were observed around 270 oC (for x = 0.50), 140 oC (for x = 0.55), 80 oC (for x = 0.60), and 70 oC (for x = 0.80). Furthermore, the dielectric constants decreased and reached zero as the temperature was increased. These temperature dependnet dielectric constants, along with the frequency dependency indicated that the x 0.5 samples showed relaxor ferroelectric characteristics even though most samples had a centrosymmetric structure. The ferroelectric behavior of the x 0.5 samples with a centro-symmetric system might be related to the off-centering of the B-site ions due to the mismatch of tolerance factors such as Ti4+/Ti3+, Ti3+/Ti2+, Ni4+/Ni3+, and Ni3+/Ni2+ redox pairs. In addition to its relaxor ferroelectricity, this system shows semiconductor like ferroelectric properties which make it a potential candiate for a MIT system. Gd(Ni$_{x}$Ti$_{1-x}$)O$_{3}$계에서 다양한 몰비 ($x$ = 0.20, 0.40,0.45, 0.48, 0.50, 0.55, 0.60, 0.80)의 시편을 고상반응법으로 세라믹을제작하였다. $x$ $<$ 0.5 시료들은 강유전 특성을 보이지 않았다. 하지만, $x \geq 0.5$ 시료의 경우 온도 변화에 따른 유전상수는 각각270 ${}^\circ\text{C}$($x$ = 0.50), 140 ${}^\circ\text{C}$($x$ =0.55), 80 ${}^\circ\text{C}$($x$ = 0.60), 70 ${}^\circ\text{C}$($x$= 0.80) 근처에서 최대치($\varepsilon^{'}_{max}$)를 보였으며, 온도가더 높아지면 유전상수($\varepsilon^{'}$)는 감소하여 $\varepsilon^{'}$= 0에 도달함을 알 수 있었다. 모든 시료들에 대해서 릴렉서 특성과강유전체가 갖는 전형적인 D--E 이력곡선을 보였다. 이러한 현상들은시료 내부에 Ti$^{4+}$/Ti$^{3+}$와 Ti$^{3+}$/Ti$^{2+}$ redox쌍과Ni$^{4+}$/Ni$^{3+}$와 Ni$^{3+}$/Ni$^{2+}$ redox쌍이 만드는 물질의복합적인 특성에 기인한 것으로 생각된다. 또한, 온도 상승에 따라비저항 값의 변화는 반도체적인 특성을 나타내고 있음도 관찰 되었다.

경작지대 및 재배방법에 따른 논토양의 비옥도 분포

김동진,강다슬,안병구,이진호 한국유기농업학회 2015 韓國有機農業學會誌 Vol.23 No.3

Soil chemical properties in paddy fields were found to be varied depending upon different cultivation methods such as environmentally-friendly, conventional, and two-crop farming systems and different topographical regions, namely plain, middle mountainous, and reclaimed land regions. Overall soil pH was found to be in optimal range (pH 5.5~6.5) for rice cultivation, except with conventional cultivation fields of the reclaimed lands in Jeonnam province. Electrical conductivity (EC) was relatively higher in the two-crop cultivation fields than in others. However, the concentrations of available phosphate as P2O5 were exceptionally higher in the two-crop farming fields, thus in submerged paddy condition the phosphate could be released into streams and rivers. Soil organic matter (SOM) contents were mostly in optimal range (25~30 g kg-1) for paddy field in Jeonbuk province, but in Jeonnam province they were slightly higher values of the range. The concentrations of available silicate (SiO2) were mostly depended on the cultivation methods and the region, but some of paddy fields contained extremely high SiO2 concentration. Statistical relationships among the soil chemical properties showed as follows: Correlations between EC values and exchangeable cation concentrations, between SOM contents and CEC values, and between available SIO2 concentrations and pH, EC, exchangeable cations, and CEC values were positively significant, whereas total nitrogen concentrations were significantly negatively correlated with the concentrations of exchangeable K and Mg. These results might be very useful to establish benchmark paddy fields contained with certain levels of soil fertility.

Gastroduodenal Intussusception Resulting from Large Hyperplastic Polyp

김동진,김욱,이준현 대한위암학회 2012 Journal of gastric cancer Vol.12 No.3

Gastroduodenal intussusception is an infrequent cause of gastrointestinal obstructive disease. Benign neoplasms, gastrointestinal stromal tumors and pedunculated adenocarcinomas of less than 5 cm have been reported to cause gastroduodenal intussusception. We report a case of 76-year-old woman who was presented with a 3-day history of nausea and vomiting due to upper gastrointestinal obstruction. Computed tomography revealed gastroduodenal intussusception with the transpyloric herniation of alarge gastric hyperplastic polyp. The patient underwent laparoscopic wedge resection with the eversion method.