http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Toughening Characteristic of Ceramic Composites by Microcracking
장병국,우상국,Jang, Byeong-Guk,U, Sang-Guk Materials Research Society of Korea 1999 한국재료학회지 Vol.9 No.2
In order to investigate the toughening characteristic by microcrack formation in ceramic composites, $Al_2$O$_3$/(0~20)vol% YAG composites containing equiaxed second grains were fabricated using$ Al_2$$O_3$ during hot-pressing. AE(acoustic emission) measurements have been coupled with fracture toughness experiments of SENB method, to evaluate the microcrack formation and the improvement in fracture toughness of ceramic composites. Formation of microcrack was detected by Ae. The generation of AE events increased with increasing of load when load was applied at specimen. The AE events are generated mainly around at maximum load. Specially, the detected AE evetns of composites are many as compared with monolithic $Al_2$$O_3$. Fracture toughness of composites was improved than that of monolithic alumina. $Al_2$O$_3$/YAG composites exhibit main toughening effects by microcracking, results from mutual coalesence of microcracks being generated under applied load. However, there are few toughening mechanism like microcracking in monolithic alumina.
장병국 대한간학회 2014 간학회 싱글토픽 심포지움 Vol.2014 No.1
The immune-tolerant phase is characterized by HBeAg positivity, high serum HBV DNA level, normal serum ALT level, but mild or no necroinflammation on liver biopsy. This phase is more frequent and more prolonged in subjects infected perinatally. During this phase there is a null or very weak immune response against the infected hepatocytes, resulting in high viral replication, the presence of hepatitis B e antigen and minimal liver disease. Several studies have demonstrated that serum HBV DNA level is directly correlated with the development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma independent of serum ALT level, HBV genotype and HBeAg status. This result led to attempt of antiviral therapy to suppress HBV DNA for patients with normal serum ALT levels. However, it is not clear whether there is long-term treatment for these immune-tolerant CHB patients is beneficial to prognosis. Therefore, further studies are needed to prove the effect of anti viral treatment for immune-tolerant CHB patients.
진행된 원발성 간세포암종에서 간외 측부 영양혈관 유무에 따른 국소적 간동맥 항암제 주입요법의 효과
장병국,정우진,박경식,조광범,황재석,안성훈,김영환,최진수,권중혁 대한간학회 2005 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.11 No.4
Background/Aims: Despite the poor response rate of 20-30%, hepatic arterial infusion therapy (HAIT) has been often tried for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma with portal vein tumor thrombosis or ineffective response to other treatments. The factors that predict treatment response to HAIT remain unclear. This study ascertained the response rate to HAIT based on the existence of extrahepatic collateral feeding vessels or anatomical variants. Methods: Forty one patients received repeated HAIT using an implanted drug delivery system. Of the 41 patients, 18 patients were treated with 5-FU, epirubicin and mytomycin-C; 17 patients were treated with 5-FU and cisplatin; and 6 patients were treated with 5-FU, cisplatin and leucovorin. The patients were divided into two groups according to the existence of extrahepatic collateral feeding vessels or anatomical variants. Results: Of the 41 patients, 10 patients (24.4%) showed a complete response (CR) or partial response (PR). Of 41 patients, 22 patients (group A) did not have extrahepatic collateral feeding vessel or an anatomical variant, but 19 patients (group B) did. In group A, 10 patients (45.5%) had a treatment response (CR+PR). However, only one patient (5.3%) had a treatment response (CR+PR) in group B. The response rate in group A was significantly higher than that in group B (45.5 vs. 5.3%; P=0.005). The median survival of group A was significantly longer than that of group B (10.8 vs 3.4 months, P=0.031). Conclusions: Hepatic arterial infusion therapy may be useful therapeutic option for patients with advanced HCC, especially in those that do not have extrahepatic collateral feeding vessel or anatomical variant. 목적: 기존의 치료가 어렵거나, 치료에 반응이 없는 진행된 간세포암종에 대한 치료로 국소적 간동맥 항암제 주입요법이 시도되고 있다. 그러나 대부분 약 20-30%의 낮은 치료반응률을 보고하고 있으며 아직 치료반응을 예측할 수 있는 인자는 알려져 있지 않다. 또한 간외 측부 영양혈관이 존재하거나 해부학적 정상 변이로 인해 항암제를 충분히 종양에 주입할 수 없는 경우가 관찰되어 저자들은 국소적 간동맥 항암제 주입요법을 시행한 간세포암종 환자에서 간세포암종에 대한 간외 측부 영양혈관 유무에 따라 치료반응률의 차이가 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 대상과 방법: 2002년 4월부터 2005년 3월까지 국소적 간동맥 항암제 주입요법을 받은 후 치료반응 평가가 가능했던 41명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적으로 평가하였다. 41명의 환자 중 18명은 5-FU, epirubicin, mitomycin-C를, 17명은 5-FU, cisplatin을, 6명은 5-FU, cisplatin, leucovorin을 이용하여 치료하였다. 종양에 대한 간외 측부 영양혈관이나 해부학적 정상 변이를 가지지 않는 경우를 A군, 가지는 경우를 B군으로 분류하였다. 결과: 대상 환자 41명 중 10명(24.4%)에서 반응(완전반응 또는 부분반응)을 보였다. 41명의 환자 중 22명(53.7%)이 간외 측부 영양혈관이나 해부학적 정상 변이가 관찰되지 않는 A군이었으며, 19명(46.3%)은 간외 측부 영양혈관이나 해부학적 정상 변이를 가지는 B군이었다. A군 22명 중 10명(45.5%)에서 치료에 반응하였고, B군인 19명에서는 1명(5.3%)에서만 반응하여 통계적 의의가 있었다(P=0.005). A군의 중앙 생존기간은 10.8개월이었으며 B군의 중앙 생존기간은 3.4개월로 A군의 중앙 생존기간이 유의하게 증가되었다(P=0.031). 결론: 국소적 간동맥 항암제 주입요법은 다른 치료가 어렵거나 반응이 없는 진행된 원발성 간암 환자 중 간외 측부 영양혈관이나 해부학적 정상 변이가 없는 환자에는 적극적으로 시도해 볼 수 있는 효과적인 치료법으로 생각된다.