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1930년대 초 간도 문제의 소환과 식민지 간도 담론의 변용
배성준 역사학연구소 2024 역사연구 Vol.- No.49
본 연구는 1930년 초반에 간도 문제가 만몽 문제와 결부되어 새롭게 소환되었으며, 간도 문제 서술에서 간도협약에 대한 재평가를 통하여 간도 문제를 직접적인 개입을 통하여 해결할 수 있다는 인식을 창출하였음을 규명하였다. 중·일 간의 통상조약 교섭은 1926년부터 시작되는데, 1930년 초 관세 문제를 타결하고 치외법권 철폐 교섭으로 넘어가는 과정에서 중국측은 치외법권의 즉각 철폐와 더불어 간도협약 폐지를 제기하였다. 이에 일본측은 중국 본토와 만주를 분리하여 만주와 간도의 이권을 보장받고자 한 반면, 중국측은 여전히 치외법권의 즉각적, 전면적 철폐를 고수하였기에 양국 간의 교섭은 난관에 봉착하였다. 대공황으로 내외적인 위기에 처한 일본은 만몽 문제를 사회적 이슈로 만들고 만주사변을 통하여 만주를 장악함으로써 만몽 문제를 해결하고자 하였지만 만몽 영유 구상은 괴뢰국인 만주국 건국으로 귀결되었다. 간도를 식민지 조선의 연장으로 간주하고 있는 조선총독부는 만주사변을 계기로 간도를 만주에서 분리된 특별구역으로 만들고자 하였다. 총독부의 이러한 구상은 만주국의 반대로 실현되지 않았지만, 1934년 간도성 설립으로 귀결되었다. 1930년 초반에 대폭 간행된 간도 문제 저술은 간도파출소의 소환과 간도협약에 대한 재평가를 통하여 간도 문제를 새롭게 제기하였다. 이들 저술에서 주목되는 점은 간도협약에 대한 재평가를 통하여 간도 문제와 만주 문제를 결부시킨다는 점인데, 간도협약 체결을 일본 외교의 실패로 간주하고 간도협약 이래새롭게 생겨난 간도 문제를 만몽 문제와 마찬가지로 간도에 대한 무력 개입을 통하여 해결할 수 있다는 인식을 창출하였다. This study analyzed the Gando issue was newly recalled in connection with the ‘Manchuria-Mongolia issue’ in the early 1930s and that through a reevaluation of the Gando Agreement, the writngs on the Gando issue created the perception that the Gando issue could be resolved through military intervention in Gando. The negotiations for a trade treaty between China and Japan began in 1926, and in the early 1930s, in the process of resolving the tariff issue and moving on to negotiations on the abolition of extraterritorial rights, the Chinese side proposed the immediate abolition of extraterritorial rights and the abolition of the Gando Convention. Japan, facing an internal and external crisis due to the Great Depression, attempted to resolve the Manchuria-Mongolia issue by making it a social issue and taking control of Manchuria through the Manchurian Incident. However,the plan to seize Manchukuo resulted in the establishment of Manchukuo, a puppet state. The Japanese Government-General of Korea, which regarded Gando as an extension of colonial Joseon, sought to make Gando a special area separate from Manchuria folowing the Manchurian Incident. This plan of the Japanese Government-General of Korea was not realized due to opposition from Manchukuo, but it resulted in the establishment of Gando Province in 1934. The writings on the Gando issue, which were widely published in the early 1930s, raised the Gando issue anew through the recall of the Gando police station and a reevaluation of the Gando Agreement. What is noteworthy in these writings is that they link the Gando issue and the Manchurian issue through a reevaluation of the Gando Agreement. They regard the Gando Agreement as a failure of Japanese diplomacy and created the perception that the Gando issue, like the Manchuria-Mongolia issue, could be resolved through military intervention inGando.
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Adsorption of cationic cetylpyridinium chloride on pyrite surface
배성준,Meherunnesha B. Mannan,이우진 한국공업화학회 2012 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.18 No.4
Adsorption of cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), a cationic surfactant, on pyrite surface was investigated in its suspension. Maximum adsorption capacity of pyrite for CPC was 357 mmol kg-1 in pyrite suspension (4 g L-1) at pH 7 equilibrated with CPC (0.1–1.8 mmol L-1). As CPC adsorption proceeded in the suspension at pH < 7, zeta potential (z) of pyrite surface showed increasing positive values (i.e. 5–18.5 mV at pH 5 and 8.12–26 mV at pH 6). However, at pH 7, it changed from negative to positive value (i.e. -5 to 36 mV at pH 7, -10 to 30 mV at pH 8, and -15 to 20 mV at pH 9), indicating three different isoelectric points at each pH. Adsorption isotherms at suspension pH 5 and 7 with NaCl (0.01 and 0.1 M)showed a decreasing pattern in CPC adsorption capacity. Zeta potential of pyrite surface changed from positive to negative value by the addition of NaCl (21 to -16 mV at pH 5 and 5 to -22 mV at pH 7). This study provides basic understanding of the adsorption mechanism of cationic surfactant on pyrite surface at different pH conditions when surfactant wastewater and contaminated groundwater need to be treated by the reactive iron sulfide.
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상단 아치 형상 중실 오스테나이트계 스테인리스강의 2단 인발 공정 최적화
배성준,김정훈,홍성박,홍성규,남궁정,이광석 한국소성∙가공학회 2022 소성가공 : 한국소성가공학회지 Vol.31 No.6
In the automotive industry, cold-drawn austenitic stainless steel is commonly used to handle high fuel pressures in gasoline direct injection (GDI) engines. In this study, we analyzed the effects of main process variables such as cross-sectional shape, drawing speed and friction coefficient on the microstructure, hardness and residual stress of the drawn material in the two-step cold drawing process. By changing the cross-sectional shape in the first-step cold drawing, the possibility of improving the shape accuracy or physical properties of the finally cold-drawn fuel rail pressure sensor product was investigated.
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백두산 연구의 기회와 위기: 1990년대 이래 백두산 연구의 흐름과 과제
배성준 서울대학교 규장각한국학연구원 2018 한국문화 Vol.0 No.84
This paper aims to analyse the research trend in the study of Baekdu Mountain from 1990 to 2016. It includes five fields such as history & geography, culture, geology & topography, ecology, and other areas. Reviewing the study of Baekdu Mountain since 1990s, I think the study of Baekdu Mountain is in the process of developmental stage through the early stage. As the field study on Baekdu Mountain was possible from 1989, the study on the fields of geology & topography and ecology of Baekdu Mountain was launched. With the China’s ‘Northeast Borderland Project’ in 2002, the full-scale study of Baekdu Mountain was begun in the fields of history & geography and culture. As a serious volcanic eruption of Beakdu Mountain was reported in the early 2010s, the studies of the valcano of Beakdu Mountain and the responses for valcano eruption was sparked. In 2000s, it was established as academic area in an academic field escaping from the ideological power. The study of Baekdu Mountain in the academic field may still be in danger. The free and autonomous field study on Baekdu Mountain has been impossible and the sharing with the document and the observation date of the China’s part of Baekdu Mountain has been difficult. On the field of tourism, it is also hard to respond to the spread of the theory of Changbaishan Culture and large-scale development on Baekdu Mountain. With the academic crisis in the study of Baekdu Mountain, its fundamental problem was that the researcher’s view was limited to Baekdu Mountain itself. Therfore the study of Baekdu Mountain has to change into the area studies of Baekdu Mountain region included the range from the northeast region of China to the northern part of Korean Penninsula and the basin of Yalu river, Tumen river and Songhua river.
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