$\textrm{SrTiO}_3$ 기판 위에 계단형 모서리 제작 및 $\textrm{YBa}_{2}\textrm{Cu}_{3}\textrm{O}_{7-\delta}$계단형 모서리 접합의 특성 연구

남병창,김인선,이순걸,박종철,박용기,Nam, Byeong-Chang,Kim, In-Seon,Lee, Sun-Geol,Park, Jong-Cheol,Park, Yong-Gi 한국재료학회 1998 한국재료학회지 Vol.8 No.10

Ar 이온 식각법을 이용하여 (001) SrTiO3(STO) 단결정 기판 위에 200nm 높이의 계단형 모서리를 제작하였다. 계단식은 입사하는 Ar 이온 빔에 대한 Ar 이온 입사각과 마스크 회전각을 조절함으로써 38$^{\circ}$-70$^{\circ}$의 넓은 범위로 제어할 수 있었다. 초전도 YBa2Cu3O7-$\delta$박막은 계단이 있는 STO 기판 위에 펄스레이저 증착법을 이용하여 증착하였으며, 박막의 두께는 계단 높이에 대한 박막의 두께비가 0.5-1.2가 되도록 하였다. 계단형 모서리 조셉슨 접합의 임계전류밀도와 IcRn값은 77K에서 각각 104A/$\textrm{cm}^2$, 70-200$\mu$V이었다.

24GHz 대역 CW 레이더 송수신기 설계

남병창(Nam, Byung-Chang),채규수(Chae Kyu-Su) 한국산학기술학회 2009 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.10 No.7

본 논문은 절전형 센서에 사용되는 24GHz대역의 CW 레이더 송수신기의 설계에 관한 것이다. K-대역의 송 수신기 회로의 기본 구조와 전력분배기와 송수신 안테나가 디자인 되었고 발진기, 주파수혼합기, 고주파 증폭기는 상 용 제품을 사용하였다. 제작된 분배기와 안테나의 성능이 측정되었고 송신 주파수와 출력전력레벨이 상용 제품에 적 용될 수 있을 정도로 양호하였다. 제안된 송수신기의 크기는 35x35x10(mm)이며 여러 가지 제품에 사용될 수 있도록 설계되었다. This paper describes a K-band CW radar transceiver suitable for power saving motion sensor. The presented transceiver module is designed and contains patch antennas, dielectric resonator oscillator (DRO), IF amplifier, mixer, divider. The designed divider and antenna are measured and the transmitting frequency and the power were fairly good for using in commercial applications. The transceiver is manufactured with a dimension of 35x35x10(mm) and can be adapted in various applications.

최적 Lp norm 추정량을 예비추정량으로 사용한 절단 최소자승 추정량

윤병창,남호수 陸軍士官學校 1991 한국군사학논집 Vol.41 No.-

본 논문은 희귀모형에서 일반적으로 많이 쓰이는 최소자승 추정량이 긴 꼬리(Long-Tailed)분포에서 효율이 떨어진다는 사실에 근거하여, 이에 대한 대안인 Lp 추정량과 절단 최소자승 추정량을 최소자승 추정량 및 M-추정량과 Monte Carlo 모의 실험을 통하여 비교해 보았다. Lp 추정량은 p=1.5일때 긴 꼬리 분포에서 좋은 추정량이 된다고 알려져 있으나 모의 실험결과 p=1.25일때 더 좋은 추정량이 될 수 있음이 밝혀졌으며, 오염된 정규 분포에서는 L_1.25 추정량(최적Lp 추정량)을 예배추정량으로 사용한 절단 최소자승 추정량의 효율이 기존의 추정량보다 대체적으로 높음을 알 수 있다.

다층 액정폴리머 기판을 이용한 Ka대역 탐색기용 송수신 모듈

최세환,유종인,이재영,이지연,남병창,Choi, Sehwan,Ryu, Jongin,Lee, Jaeyoung,Lee, Jiyeon,Nam, ByungChang 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2020 한국인터넷방송통신학회 논문지 Vol.20 No.5

본 논문에서는 35 GHz 대역의 군 탐색기용 송수신 모듈을 설계 및 제작하였다. 밀리미터파 대역의 기판 성능과 집적도를 높이기 위해, 4층 액정 폴리머 기판을 개발하였다. 4층 액정 폴리머 기판은 3장의 FCCL 기판과 2장의 접착층으로 구현되었으며, 적층을 위해 기판간의 녹는 점 차이를 이용한 공정을 이용하였다. 스트립선로와 마이크로스트립 선로를 이용하여 기판의 길이에 따른 전송손실을 확인하였고, 35 GHz 대역의 전력분배기를 통해 액정폴리머 기판의 성능을 검증하였다. 이러한 기판을 이용하여 전력증폭기와 저잡음증폭기와 같은 송수신모듈을 구성하는 개별 블록에 대한 성능을 확인한 후, 단일 채널 Ka대역 송수신모듈을 4층 액정 폴리머 기판을 이용하여 개발하였다. 제작한 송수신모듈의 송신출력은 펄스 Duty 10%에서 1.1W 이상, 수신 잡음지수는 8.5 dB 이하, 수신 이득은 17.6 dB 이상의 수신 특성을 갖는다. In this paper, the transmit-receive module for military seekers has been designed and fabricated in 35 GHz. To increase the performance of substrates and high integration of circuits in millimeter-wave band, a 4-layer LCP(Liquid Crystal Polymer) substrate was developed. This substrate was implemented with three FCCL substrates and two adhesive layers, and a process using the difference in melting point between the substrates was used for lamination. Using a strip line and a microstrip line was confirmed by the transmission loss along the length of the substrate, and the performance of LCP substrates was validated with a power divider in 35 GHz. After confirming the performance of individual blocks such as power amplifier and low noise amplifier, a single channel Ka-band transmission/reception module was developed using a 4-layer liquid crystal polymer substrate. The transmit power of this module has above 1.1W in pulse duty 10% and has an output power of 1.1W and it has receive noise figure less than 8.5 dB and receive gain more than 17.6 dB.

X 대역 타일형 능동 송수신 모듈 설계

하정현(Jung-Hyen Ha),문주영(Ju-Young Moon),이기원(Ki-Won Lee),남병창(Byung-Chang Nam),윤상원(Sang-Won Yun) 한국전자파학회 2010 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.21 No.12

X 대역에서 능동 위상 배열 레이더에 적용할 수 있는 타일형 능동 송수신 모듈을 구현하였다. 제안한 타일형 구조의 구현을 위한 수직 연결은 fuzz button을 이용한 solderless 방식으로 삽입 손실은 0.6 ㏈, 반사 손실의 VSWR은 1.7 이하를 만족하며 X 대역에서 약 30 %의 대역폭을 가지는 광대역 특성을 가진다. 광대역 특성을 가지는 수직 연결 구조를 이용하면 수직 연결 시에 발생할 수 있는 부정합을 최소한으로 하여 우수한 이득 평탄도를 가지는 타일형 구조의 송수신 모듈을 구현할 수 있다. A tile type active T/R(Transmit/Receive) module for X-band active array radar is demonstrated in this paper. Proposed tile type structure based on fuzz button solderless vertical interconnection shows wide band characteristic of about 30 % bandwidth in X-band with insertion loss of below 0.6 ㏈ and input and output VSWR of less than 1.7. Moreover, the mismatching generally appeared in the vertical interconnection which shown wide band characteristic can also be minimized and, therefore, good gain flatness can be achieved.

쿼드팩을 이용한 소형 Ka 대역 송수신(T/R) 모듈의 설계 및 제작

오현석(Hyun-Seok Oh),염경환(Kyung-Whan Yeom),정민길(Min-Kil Chong),나형기(Hyung-Gi Na),이상주(Sang-Joo Lee),이기원(Ki-Won Lee),남병창(Byung Chang Nam) 한국전자파학회 2011 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.22 No.3

본 논문에서는 Ka 대역 위상 배열 레이더용 송수신(T/R: Transmit/Receive) 모듈의 설계 및 제작을 보였다. Ka 대역 송수신 모듈 구성 시 Ka 대역의 특수성을 고려하여 5비트(bit) 위상천이기와 5 비트 30 ㏈ 디지털 가변감쇠기를 송수신 공통으로 사용하였으며, 서큘레이터는 T/R 모듈 외부에 부착되는 형태로 구성하였다. 단위 안테나당 송신 출력은 1 W 이상 잡음 지수는 8 ㏈ 미만으로 설정하였으며, 설계된 T/R 모듈의 RF부의 크기는 5 ㎜×4 ㎜×57 ㎜로 소형화를 달성하였다. 설계된 T/R 모듈을 구현하기 위하여 T/R 모듈에 소요되는 개별 ㎜IC 검증후 단위 T/R 모듈을 검증하는 방법을 사용하였다. 제작된 T/R 모듈은 설계 시 예측한 바와 같이 단위 T/R 모듈의 입력 5 ㏈m에서 출력 30 ㏈m 이상을 보였으며, 수신부는 잡음 지수 8 ㏈ 미만, 이득 20 ㏈ 이상을 얻었다. In this paper, the design and fabrication of a transmit/receive(T/R) module for Ka-band phased array radar is presented. A 5bit digital phase shifter and digital attenuator were used in co㎜on for both transmitter and receiver considering unique Ka-band characteristic. The circulator was excluded in the T/R module and was placed outside T/R module. The transmitting power per element antenna is designed to be about 1 W and the noise figure is designed to be below 8 ㏈. The designed T/R module RF part has a compact size of 5 ㎜×4 ㎜×57 ㎜. In order to implement the T/R module, ㎜ICs used in T/R module was separately assessed before assembly of the designed T/R module. The transmitter of the fabricated T/R module shows about 1 W at 5 ㏈m unit module input power and the receiver shows a gain of about 20 ㏈ and a noise figure of below 8 ㏈ as expected in the design stage.

GaN HPA MMIC 기반 Ka 대역 25 W SSPA 설계 및 제작

지홍구(Hong-gu Ji),노윤섭(Youn-sub Noh),최윤호(Youn-ho Choi),곽창수(Chang-soo Kwak),염인복(In-bok Youm),서인종(In-jong Seo),박형진(Hyung-jin Park),조인호(In-ho Jo),남병창(Byung-chang Nam),공동욱(Dong-uk Kong) 한국전자파학회 2015 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.26 No.12

Ka 대역의 25 W급 SSPA를 제작하기 위하여 상용 0.15 μm GaN 공정을 이용 구동증폭기(Drive Amplifier : DRA) 및 고출력증폭기(High Power Amplifier : HPA) 초고주파 단일 집적회로(Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit : MMIC)를 설계 및 제작하여 특성 평가하였고, SSPA(Solid State Power Amplifier)의 주요 부속품인 MS-to-WR28 변환기 및 WR28 전력합성기를 설계 및 제작, 평가하여 Ka 대역 GaN 기반 SSPA를 제작하였다. 제작 결과, 주파수 29~31 GHz 대역에서 포화출력 44.2 dBm 이상, 전력부가효율 16.6 % 이상, 전력이득 39.2 dB의 특성을 나타내었다. We designed and manufactured Ka-band SSPA include drive amplifier and high power amplifier MMICs by 0.15 μm GaN commercial process. Also, we fabricated main components micro-strip line to WR28 waveguide transition and WR28 wave guide power combiner for Ka-band SSPA. This Ka-band SSPA shows saturated output power 44.2 dBm, power added efficiency 16.6 % and power gain 39.2 dB at 29~31 GHz frequency band.

Genomic analysis of Korean patients with advanced prostate cancer by use of a comprehensive next-generation sequencing panel and low-coverage, whole-genome sequencing

강민용,조은해,장재현,이준남,전영주,정병창,서성일,전성수,이현무,최한용,전황균 대한비뇨의학회 2019 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.60 No.4

Purpose: To analyze the characteristics of somatic mutations and copy number alterations (CNAs) in Korean patients with advanced prostate cancer (PCa) by use of the Oncomine Comprehensive Panel (ThermoFisher Scientific) and low-coverage, whole-genome sequencing (LC-WGS). Materials and Methods: We retrospectively analyzed PCa tissues obtained from 14 patients with advanced PCa (metastatic tumor, 12 [85.7%]; nonmetastatic castration-resistant PCa, 1 [7.1%]; pT3b, 1 [7.1%]) from 2009 to 2017. The Oncomine Comprehensive Panel included a total of 143 genes. Moreover, LC-WGS was performed to detect CNAs of the entire genome. Two plasma samples matched with tumor tissues were analyzed using LC-WGS to compare the chromosomal aberration patterns between circulating tumor DNA and tumor tissue. Results: Genetic alterations were most frequently observed in the androgen receptor (AR) (42.9%, n=6/14), TP53 (14.3%, n=2/14), and PTEN (14.3%, n=2/14) genes in the Oncomine panel. AR amplification was the most common CNA (35.7%, n=5/14). As a result of LC-WGS, CNAs were confirmed in about 92.9% (n=13/14) of the samples in regions Xq12, 8q24.21, and 11q13.3 (gains) and in regions 6q16.1, 8p23.1, 10q25.1, 16q24.2, 18q12.3, Xq25, and Xq26.3 (losses). All CNAs identified in the Oncomine panel matched the results of LC-WGS. Additionally, LC-WGS of two plasma samples that matched tumor tissues revealed that CNA patterns of plasma samples (circulating tumor DNA) were very similar to those detected in tumor samples. Conclusions: Our data showed that the characteristics of mutations and CNAs in Korean patients with advanced PCa were similar to those observed in previous studies.

Genomic mutation profiling using liquid biopsy in Korean patients with prostate cancer: Circulating tumor DNA mutation predicts the development of castration resistance

유지웅,조은해,최중원,임정은,이준남,강민용,성현환,정병창,서성일,전성수,이현무,전황균 대한비뇨의학회 2021 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.62 No.2

Purpose: To investigate germline and somatic mutation profiles in Korean patients with prostate cancer using liquid biopsy and solid tissue testing and to evaluate the prognostic value of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in predicting castration resistance in patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). Materials and Methods: Plasma samples from 56 prostate cancer patients were subjected to next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify germline mutations and ctDNA analysis using liquid biopsy to detect somatic mutations. Additionally, paired solid cancer tissues from 18 patients were subject to NGS to detect somatic mutations. The clinical parameters and ctDNA profiles of patients with mHSPC were analyzed to evaluate the prognostic value of ctDNA mutations with respect to predicting castration resistance using Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. Results: Germline mutations occurred in 3.6% of the patients in this cohort, with mutations identified in RAD50 (1.8%) and BRCA1 (1.8%). Somatic mutations detected by liquid biopsy and solid tissue testing were common in TP53 (12.5%), PIK3CA (3.6%), and TMPRSS2-ERG (3.6%). Of the 18 patients with paired tissue testing, two patients had at least one identical somatic mutation in both the liquid biopsy and solid tissue testing. In patients with mHSPC, the presence of ctDNA mutations could independently predict the castration resistance development (hazard ratio, 13.048; 95% confidential interval, 1.109–153.505; p=0.041). Conclusions: Korean patients with prostate cancer showed a relatively low germline mutation rate compared to other ethnicities. The ctDNA mutations detected by liquid biopsy can predict the development of castration resistance in patients with mHSPC.

Trends in the Use of Chemotherapy before and after Radical Cystectomy in Patients with Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer in Korea

김성한,서호경,신희철,장성자,윤수인,주정남,구자현,김형석,전황균,정병창,정인갑,강석호,홍범식 대한의학회 2015 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.30 No.8

We investigated trends in perioperative chemotherapy use, and determined factors associated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) use in Korean patients with muscle- invasive bladder cancer (MIBC). We recruited 1,324 patients who had MIBC without nodal invasion or metastases and had undergone radical cystectomies (RC) between 2003 and 2013. The study’s cut-off time for AC was three months after surgery, and the study’s timespan was divided into three periods based on NAC use, namely, 2003-2005, 2006-2009, and 2010-2013. Complete remission was defined as histologically confirmed T0N0M0 after RC. NAC and AC were administered to 7.3% and 18.1% of the patients, respectively. The median time interval between completing NAC and undergoing RC was 32 days and the mean number of cycles was 3.2. The median time interval between RC and AC was 43 days and the mean number of cycles was 4.1. Gemcitabine and cisplatin were most frequently used in combination for NAC (49.0%) and AC (74.9%). NAC use increased significantly from 4.6% between 2003 and 2005 to 8.4% between 2010 and 2013 (P < 0.05), but AC use did not increase. Only 1.9% of patients received NAC and AC. Complete remission after NAC was achieved in 12 patients (12.5%). Multivariable modeling revealed that an advanced age, the earliest time period analyzed, and clinical tumor stage ≤ cT2 bladder cancer were negatively associated with NAC use (P < 0.05). While NAC use has slowly increased over time, it remains an underutilized therapeutic approach in Korean clinical practice.