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녹화 보강토를 이용한 토사 붕괴 사면의 보강에 관한 연구
강석조,김형년,홍성섭 한국구조물진단유지관리학회 2004 한국구조물진단학회 학술발표회논문집 Vol.- No.-
In this study, we studied Reinforced earth could ensure against failure with applying to reinforcement of soil when the slope happen to fail as repair and reinforcement. Also we carried out reinforcement about failure soil slope through the model test and applying to practice reinforced earth made of whole plant.
The Bloodline of CD8alpha(+) Dendritic Cells
강석조 한국분자세포생물학회 2012 Molecules and cells Vol.34 No.3
The immune system is highly coordinated by various cell types. Dendritic cells (DCs) orchestrate immune respon-ses at various stages and bridge innate immunity and adaptive immunity. DCs are a family of cells consisting of various subsets distinguished by surface markers, loca-tions, and transcription factors that govern their development, differentiation, and homeostasis. The complexity of DC subset biology has hindered the understanding of the functional differences among DC subsets. The subset expressing the surface molecule CD8 is of particular interest, due to the efficiency of this DC subset in priming CD8+ cytotoxic T cells and cross-presenting exogenous antigens to CD8+ T cells. CD8+ DCs maintain tolerance to autologous antigens at steady state, but when activated secrete IL-12, polarizing T helper (Th) 1 responses. Recently, novel DC subsets were found to be present in peripheral tissues and the relationship between CD8+ DCs in lymphoid organs and DC subsets in peripheral tissues has been revealed. This review describes the pedigree of CD8+ DCs and related subsets, including a history of the discovery of DC subsets and their functional characterization.
녹화 보강토를 이용한 토사 붕괴 사면의 보강에 관한 연구
강석조,김형년,홍성섭 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 2004 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.8 No.2
In this study, we studied Reinforced earth could ensure against failure with applying to reinforcement of soil when the slope happen to fail as repair and reinforcement. Also we carried out reinforcement about failure soil slope through the model test and applying to practice reinforced earth made of whole plant.
코어금형용강 SKD11의 플라즈마 전해산화에 의한 피막 형성
김상무 ( S. M. Kim ),이태행 ( T. H. Lee ),강석조 ( S. J. Kang ),조영희 ( Y. H. Cho ),구자명 ( J. M. Koo ) 한국열처리공학회 2011 熱處理工學會誌 Vol.24 No.4
Surface coatings were prepared on SKD11 core mold steel by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO). The coatings were investigated about the formation condition of core mold steel. SKD11 were coated by PEO in a mix solution of Sodium Aluminate NaAlO2 (10g/l), Sodium Silicate powder Na2SiO3 (0.5g/l), Sodium tungstate dihydrate Na2WO42H2O (0.5g/l) at less than 30℃. The electrical condition were voltage : 500~600V ; Pulse : 600~1800Hz ; current density 15~20A/dm2 ; various time : 3min~40min. The coatings surface morphology, cross-section, friction coefficient, hardness were investigated. The coatings on SKD11 core mold steel by PEO indicated that the extension of service life.
Inflammation induces two types of inflammatory dendritic cells in inflamed lymph nodes
민지연,양동찬,김미랑,함기옥,유안지,최재훈,Barbara U Schraml,김용성,김동섭,강석조 생화학분자생물학회 2018 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.50 No.-
The spatiotemporal regulation of immune cells in lymph nodes (LNs) is crucial for mounting protective T-cell responses, which are orchestrated by dendritic cells (DCs). However, it is unclear how the DC subsets are altered by the inflammatory milieu of LNs. Here, we show that the inflamed LNs of Listeria-infected mice are characterized by the clustering of neutrophils and monocytes and IFN-γ production. Significantly, the early inflammatory responses are coupled with the differentiation of not one, but two types of CD64+CD11c+MHCII+ inflammatory DCs. Through the assessment of chemokine receptor dependency, gene expression profiles, growth factor requirements and DC-specific lineage mapping, we herein unveil a novel inflammatory DC population (we termed ‘CD64+ cDCs’) that arises from conventional DCs (cDCs), distinguishable from CD64+ monocyte-derived DCs (moDCs) in inflamed LNs. We determined that Listeria-induced type I IFN is a critical inflammatory cue for the development of CD64+ cDCs but not CD64+ moDCs. Importantly, CD64+ cDCs displayed a higher potential to activate T cells than CD64+ moDCs, whereas the latter showed more robust expression of inflammatory genes. Although CD64+ and CD64− cDCs were able to cross-present soluble antigens at a high dose to CD8+ T cells, CD64+ cDCs concentrated and cross-presented a minute amount of soluble antigens delivered via CD64 (FcγRI) as immune complexes. These findings reveal the role of early inflammatory responses in driving the differentiation of two inflammatory DC subsets empowered with distinct competencies.
윤병하,김미랑,김민혁,김희진,김정환,김종환,김지나,김용성,이대엽,강석조,김선영 한국분자세포생물학회 2018 Molecules and cells Vol.41 No.11
The stepwise development of T cells from a multipotent precursor is guided by diverse mechanisms, including interactions among lineage-specific transcription factors (TFs) and epigenetic changes, such as DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation, which play crucial roles in mammalian development and lineage commitment. To elucidate the transcriptional networks and epigenetic mechanisms underlying T-cell lineage commitment, we investigated genome-wide changes in gene expression, DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation among populations representing five successive stages of T-cell development (DN3, DN4, DP, CD4+, and CD8+) by performing RNA-seq, MBD-seq and hMeDIP-seq, respectively. The most significant changes in the transcriptomes and epigenomes occurred during the DN4 to DP transition. During the DP stage, many genes involved in chromatin modification were up-regulated and exhibited dramatic changes in DNA hydroxymethylation. We also observed 436 alternative splicing events, and approximately 57% (252) of these events occurred during the DP stage. Many stage-specific, differentially methylated regions were observed near the stage-specific, differentially expressed genes. The dynamic changes in DNA methylation and hydroxymethylation were associated with the recruitment of stage-specific TFs. We elucidated interactive networks comprising TFs, chromatin modifiers, and DNA methylation and hope that this study provides a framework for the understanding of the molecular networks underlying T-cell lineage commitment.