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An Advanced Cargo Handling System Operating at Sea
김은호,정윤섭,유용균,권상원,주한종,김수현,곽병만,장인권,김경수 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2014 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.12 No.4
Mobile Harbor (MH) was recently proposed by KAIST as a novel maritime cargo transfer system that can go out to a container ship anchored in deep water and handle containers at sea. Since the system operates in at-sea conditions with waves and wind, the MH crane should be designed to suppress the swing motion of a spreader and compensate the relative motion between the MH and a container ship. For that purpose, we devised a state-of-the-art crane system equipped with a dual stage trolley, tension controller, and intelligent spreader with 3 degrees of freedom. We also integrated a robust sensing system to measure remote motions in harsh open-sea condition. With these advanced systems, we achieved swing free, position, tilting, and heave control systems for precise and safe cargo transfer. Experimental results with a 1/20 scale MH crane show the feasibility of the proposed system for at-sea cargo transfer.
하수슬러지와 제지슬러지를 탄소원으로 이용한 폐탄광폐수의 생물학적 처리에 관한 연구
김은호,장성호 한국지하수토양환경학회 1999 지하수토양환경 Vol.4 No.2
본 연구에서는 폐탄광폐수를 처리하기 위한 SRB의 탄소원으로 하수슬러지와 제지슬러지를 활용가능성과 아울러 석회석에 의한 영향을 검토하였다. 유입 폐탄광폐수의 pH가 평균 3.3 정도로 낮음에도 불구하고 전 실험기간동안에 유출수중 평균 pH는 약알칼리성으로 SRB의 생육에 적합한 pH를 유지하였다. 실험초기에 Washout 현상으로 높은 TCODcr 농도를 나타내었지만 시간이 경과함에 따라 낮아져 유기물의 상승으로 인한 이차적인 오염문제는 없을 것으로 여겨진다. Mn을 제외한 대부분의 중금속은 SO^2-_4 환원량이 많아짐에 따라 고정경향이 강하여 유출수 중 낮은 농도를 나타내었으나, Mn의 경우에는 유출수중 높은 농도를 나타내었다. 하수슬러지의 혼합비율이 제지슬러지와 같거나 많은 경우에 비교적 중금속 제거효율과 SO^2-_4 환원율이 높으나 제지슬러지 보다 단기간 분해가능한 사수슬러지가 2배 정도 많은 경우에 유기물의 지속성 측면에서 적절하지 못하며 오히려 혼합비율이 같은 경우가 더 적절하다고 여겨진다. 석회석과 생물학적 처리에 의한 효율을 비교 · 검토해본 결과, 생물학적 처리에서 pH 중화와 중금속 제거효율이 높았다. This study was performed to investigate applicabilities of sewage sludge and papermill sludge as carbon sources in biologically treating abandoned acidic mine drainage, and effects of limestone. In spite of ranging average 3.3 in influent pH, SRB(Sulfate Reducing Bacteria) was well grown, because effluent pH was maintained by alkalinity a little under for whole stages. TCODcr was high in effluent with washing out in early stage, but its concentration was low with passed time and did not cause the problem of secondary pollution. Removal rate of Mn was remarkably low, but in case of heavy metals such as Fe, the fixation trends showed high as the volume of SO^2-_4 reduction increased. In case of mixing sewage aludge and papermill sludge, when their mixing ratio were 1:1 and 2:1 respectivelly, rate of SO^2-_4 reduction and removal rate of heavy metals were high. The mixing ratio 1:1 was considered as the most appropriate, becuase degradability of swewage sludge under short time was higher than that of papermill sludge. As a result of investigating efficiencies of limestone and biological treatment, biological treatment excelled limestone in neutralization and removal rate of heavy metals.
Genesis of Korean sentence-ending suffixes: Grammaticalization of -canha, -ketun, and –nikka
김은호 고려대학교 언어정보연구소 2015 언어정보 Vol.0 No.20
The aim of this paper is to discuss grammaticalization process ofthe three Korean sentence endings -canha, -ketun, and –nikka through the reviewof previous literature. These sentential-end markers in modern Korean historicallyevolved from connective markers (Lee & Park 1999; Koo & Rhee 2000). Thereview shows the evolution of these grammatical forms with new functions. Theoverview of studies also suggests that Korean as an agglutinativeSubject-Object-Verb language with rich morphological devices has a uniquepattern of grammaticalization contrary to that which occurs in Indo-Europeanlanguages, which are widely examined in grammaticalization studies.
Identification of marker in processed meat products of different species by using Real-time PCR
김은호,강호찬,김지영,Cheol-Hyun Myung,Jae-Bong Lee,Chae-Kyoung Yoo,임현태 한국동물유전육종학회 2021 한국동물유전육종학회지 Vol.5 No.4
In order to secure consumer safety against false record and inaccurate information on processed meat products, it is necessary to establish a detection method for raw meat used in processed meat products. This study performed a quantitative analysis of raw meat of cattle (Bos taurus), pigs (Sus scrofa), and chickens (Gallus gallus) used in the production of processed meat products using the Real-time PCR method, which can confirm gene expression and detection amount in real time. For the species-specific primer design, the sequence of the D-loop and Cytochrome b (Cyt-b) gene in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which are widely used for species identification due to its high mutation rate, were used. As a result of the species-specific real-time PCR, the cycle quantification (Cq) value expressed according to the species was found to be high in the order of pigs, cattle, and chickens, and no cross-reaction appeared. Based on the results of confirming species specificity, 52 processed meat products on sale were classified into 5 types (Ham, Tteokgalbi, Pattie, Can ham, Sausage), and real-time PCR was performed. All ingredients label in the processed meat products except for Can ham No. 7 were detected, and those that did not match the label were No. 2 and No. 5 in Ham, No. 2, No. 6, No. 16 in Sausage, and No. 1 and 4 in Tteokgalbi. A total of 7 products showed a specific reaction of chickens. In the case of products with different detection results from the labeled ingredients, intentional or unintentional mixing could be suspected through the difference in Cq values of the main ingredient and unlabeled ingredient. If a quantitative analysis method for raw meat is established and commercialized by optimizing these Real-time PCR conditions, it is thought that consumers' awareness and safety will be improved. 이번 연구를 통하여 육가공품에서의 종 식별 마커의 적용 가능성을 확인하였으며, 총 5종류 52개의 육가공품을 대상으로 Realtime PCR을 수행한 결과로 캔 햄 7번을 제외하고 표기된 성분이 모두 검출이 되었으며, 제품 표기와 다른 성분이 있는 제품 7가지를 확인하였다. 이를 통해 미표기된 원료육이 혼합될 가능성을 확인할 수 있었다. 현재 식품 공정에 관한 법령의 경우 육가공품의 제조 기준과 포장재 표기 사항 등의 내용은 기재되어 있지만, 원료 성분을 확인할 분석방법에 관한 규정은 없는 실정이다. 따라서, 이러한 검사법을 통해 최종 육가공품의 원료 종류 및 함량을 분석할 수 있는 기술이 필요한 것으로 보이며, 소비자 관점에서 동일한 유형의 육가공품에 대하여 사용한 원료육의 품질구분이 어렵다는 점을 고려했을 때 고기 함량 표기에 세부사항까지표기할 수 있도록 하는 규제가 필요한 것으로 사료된다.