녹내장 환자에서 유리체강 내 베바시주맙 주사가 망막신경섬유층에 미치는 영향

박창현,이기일,박혜영,이진해,김인태,박찬기,Chang Hyun Park,Kee Il Lee,Hae Young Park,Jin Hae Lee,In Tae Kim,Chan Kee Park 대한안과학회 2014 대한안과학회지 Vol.55 No.5

Purpose: To examine retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) changes after intravitreal injection of bevacizumab in patients with or without underlying glaucoma. Methods: A total of 104 eyes of 104 patients with retinal disease undergoing intravitreal injection of bevacizumab were prospectively investigated. Bevacizumab injections (1.25/0.05 mg/mL) were performed using a standardized technique. In the patient who had pretreatment with intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering medication, 1 drop of brimonidine was instilled 30 minutes before the injection. Before and after the intravitreal injections, the patients were monitored for IOP and evaluated with optical coherence tomography using Stratus at least 3 months after the injection. Results: Thirty minutes after injection, 6.4% of patients had an IOP over 30 mm Hg in the non-pretreatment group while no patient had an IOP over 30 mm Hg in the pretreatment group. In eyes with only retinal diseases, the RNFL thickness did not change significantly after the injection regardless of pretreatment, whereas in eyes with underlying glaucomatous damage and no pretreatment, significant decrease in RNFL thickness was observed at the superior (<em>p</em> = 0.036) and temporal (<em>p</em> = 0.048) sectors of the optic nerve head without pretreatment. Conclusions: Intravitreal injection of bevacizumab did not typically cause significant changes in RNFL thickness; however, in eyes with underlying glaucoma without pretreatment, a significant decrease in RNFL thickness was observed in the superior and temporal sectors of the optic nerve head. Therefore, applying IOP-lowering pretreatment medication before intravitreal injection of bevacizumab is required for protection of RNFL in glaucoma patients. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2014;55(5):693-701

건조기법을 달리한 SEM 시료상의 비교검토

박창현,장병준,조강용,Park, Chang-Hyun,Jang, Byung-Joon,Cho, Kang-Yong 한국현미경학회 1995 Applied microscopy Vol.25 No.3

To compare the quality of ultrastructural preservation of Scanning Electron Microscopic specimens dried with different methods; pure air-drying, air-drying with using Tetramethylsilane(TMS), four kind of air-drying using Hexamethyldisilazane(HMDS) and critical point drying(CPD), we conducted scanning electron microscopic observation on liver, skeletal muscle and intestinal tissues from laboratory rat treated with each method. In pure air drying group, severe distortion of tissue surface was observed, and in HMDS treated group, only liver tissue showed slight distortion. But in TMS treated group, each tissue showed a good presentation comparable to CPD group. The results suggest that the method of air-drying using TMS may be the former is less expensive and simple be and also time-saving.

근사최적화 기법을 이용한 RC 빌딩의 구조 최적설계

박창현,안희재,최동훈,정철규,Park, Chang-Hyun,Ahn, Hee-Jae,Choi, Dong-Hoon,Jung, Cheul-Kyu 한국전산구조공학회 2011 한국전산구조공학회논문집 Vol.24 No.2

본 논문에서는 수직하중, 풍하중 및 지진하중에 의해 발생하는 변위 관련 구속조건을 만족하면서 RC(Reinforced Concrete) 빌딩 구조의 부피를 최소화하기 위한 설계문제를 정식화하였다. 구조해석 절차 자동화의 어려움으로 인해 실험 계획법과 근사화기법, 최적화기법을 이용한 근사모델기반 최적설계를 수행하였다. 특히, 만족할 만한 설계 결과를 얻을 때까지 설계변수의 범위와 구속조건의 허용값을 조정하는 단계적 최적설계 방법을 제안하였다. 제안된 단계적 최적설계 방법을 통해 주어진 구속조건을 모두 만족하면서 RC 빌딩 구조의 부피를 초기 설계 대비 53.3% 감소시키는 결과를 얻음으로 써 본 논문에서 보인 단계적 최적설계 방법의 타당성을 보였다. A design optimization problem was formulated to minimize the volume of an RC building structure while satisfying design constraints on structural displacements under vertical, wind and seismic loads. We employed metamodel-based design optimization using design of experiments, metamodeling and optimization algorithm to circumvent the difficulty of the automation of structural analysis procedure. Especially, we proposed a design approach of repetitive design optimizations by stages with changing the side constraint values on design variables and limit values on design constraints until a satisfactory design result was obtained. Using the proposed design approach, the volume of the RC building structure has been reduced by 53.3 % compared to the initial one while satisfying all the design constraints. This design result clearly shows the validity of the proposed design approach.

흰쥐에서 분리 배양한 간세포의 담세관 형성에 있어서 액틴미세섬유의 역할에 관한 전자현미경적 연구

박창현,장병준,엄창섭,Park, Chang-Hyun,Chang, Byung-Joon,Uhm, Chang-Sub 한국현미경학회 1999 Applied microscopy Vol.29 No.4

간세포의 기능적 연구를 위한 배양계를 확립하기 위하여 Sprague-Dawley계 흰쥐의 간장에서 collagenase와 hyaluronidase의 혼합액을 이용하여 간세포를 분리하고 배양하여, 배양중인 간세포의 구조적인 변화와 담세관의 형성 과정을 확인하고, cytochalasin D를 배양계에 첨가한 경우 발생되는 간세포 및 담세관의 구조적인 변화를 살펴보아 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 분리 배양한 흰쥐의 간세포는 원형이었고, 표면에 미세융모를 가지고 있었으며. 배양중 서로 부착되어 세포띠를 형성하였다. Cytochalasin D처리후 간세포의 표면은 미세융모가 소실되어 편평하게 변화되었으며, 소포성 돌출물이 자주 관찰되었다. 담세관은 부착된 간세포의 사이에서 형성되었으며, 간세포 표면의 작은 융기에서 기시하는 다양한 길이 및 형태의 미세융모로 채워져 있었고, 양단에는 치밀결합 및 부착만 등으로 구성된 연접복합체가 존재하였다. Cytochalasin D 처리후 당세관의 내강은 팽창되었으며 미세융모는 소실되어 거의 존재하지 많았고, 양단에 존재하는 연접복합체는 파괴되어 간격이 벌어진 곳이 많았다. 담세관내에 존재하는 미세융모 속에 존재하는 액틴미세섬유심은 완전하게 형성되어 있는 경우, 불완전하게 적은 양만 존재하는 경우, 그리고 전혀 존재하지 않는 경우가 있었다. 담세관주변세포질에 존재하는 액틴미세섬유얼기의 형성은 불완전하여 부위에 따라 없는 곳도 있었다. Cytochalasin D처리후 담세관주변세포질의 액면미세섬유얼기는 존재하지 많았다. 이상의 결과로 흰쥐의 간장에서 분리한 간세포는 배양중 성장하면서 정상적인 담세관을 형성함을 알 수 있었으며, 담세관의 형성은 접착부위의 연접복합체의 형성 및 미세융모의 형성,담세관 내 액틴미세섬유심 및 담세관주변세포질내 액틴미세섬유얼기의 형성 등을 특정으로 하는 것으로 판단된다. Bile canaliculi are the structure delivering bile secreted by hepatocytes into the bile passage. Bile secretion is mainly controlled by the cytoskeletal elements, mainly of actin in the microvilli, pericanalicular web. Most studies on the bile secretion have been done in viva situation, however, to control the various parameters in vitro culture system seem to be more useful. To set up an in vitro experimental system, the investigator isolated hepatocytes with an enzymatic method using a mixture of collagenase and hyaluronidase from normal Sprague-Dawley rat liver and cultured. Isolated hepatocytes were round and formed cords in culture. Microvilli covered the whole surface of hepatocytes. Bile canaliculi were formed between hepatocytes and were characterized by the presence of microvilli of various lengths and shapes mainly arising from small surface mounds. Actin filament core in the microvilli and pericanalicular actin web were incomplete. After cytochalasin D treatment, cultured hepatocytes were round but the surface were irregular with surfacen blebs, folds and grooves. Microvilli on the surface were scarce. Bile canaliculi were markedly dilated often with the detached junctional complexes. Bile canaliculi lacks microvilli almost completely and extended into the pericanalirular cytoplasm showing complex vacuolar and tubular structures by transmission electron mciroscopy. Pericanalicular actin web, intermediate filaments were hardly identified. Subsurface actin filaments were scattered scarcely under the cell membranes. These results suggest that hepatocytes isolated from rats can survive and form bile canaliculi in culture and the actin filaments are involved in the formation and/or maintenance of the bile canaliculi.

열공망막박리에서 냉동고정술과 도상검안경레이저광응고술의 결과 비교

박창현,박성희,이성진,Chang Hyun Park,M,D,Song Hee Park,M,D,Ph,D,Sung Jin Lee,M,D,Ph,D 대한안과학회 2008 대한안과학회지 Vol.49 No.11

Purpose: To compare the efficacy and safety of intraoperative laser indirect ophthalmoscopy and cryopexy for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment through the use. Methods: We retrospectively analyze the clinical results of 60 patients (61 eyes) with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. All eyes had an attached macula and were scheduled for conventional scleral buckling surgery with cryopexy (25 eyes) or laser indirect ophthalmoscopy (36 eyes) from March 2001 to August 2007. The visual acuities of the two groups at the first postoperative day, 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months were compared. Retinal reattachment, macular pucker, cystoid macular edema, and proliferative vitreoretinopathy were confirmed 3 months after surgery. Results: The visual recovery was faster in patients who received laser indirect ophthalmoscopy (1 day, P=0.044; 1 week, P=0.017). During the follow-up period, anatomical failure in the laser indirect ophthalmoscopy group did not develop, but there were two anatomical failures in the cryopexy group. In addition, 1 PVR was detected in the cryopexy group. However, neither group exhibited macular pucker or cystoid macular edema. Postoperative additional laser photocoagulation was performed on 7 eyes (19.4%) in thelaser indirect ophthalmoscopy group and 2 eyes (4.0%) in the cryopexy group. Conclusions: Although intraoperative laser indirect ophthalmoscopy causes less chorioretinal scar formation than cryopexy, it has a higher anatomical success rate and allows for faster visual recovery. J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2008;49(11):1779-1784

산소로 유도된 망막증 모델에서 인간재조합 적혈구생성인자가 망막혈관에 미치는 영향

박창현,박태관,김성신,이승준,온영훈,김성운,Chang Hyun Park,Tae Kwann Park,Seung Joon Lee,Young Hoon Ohn,Sung Woon Kim 대한안과학회 2007 대한안과학회지 Vol.48 No.6

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) on the retinal vessels in a rat model of oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR). Methods: Twenty-six Sprague-Dawley rat siblings were exposed to seven cycles each of hyperoxia (80% O2, 23.5 hours) and room air recovery (0.5 hours), followed by exposure to room air for five days. After each of the test group and control group was divided into two groups of rhEPO injected group and normal saline injected group, 400 u/kg of rhEPO or normal saline were intraperitoneally injected, respectively on the third, fifth, and eighth days of the experiment. Retinal neovascularization and capillary densities were compared between the rats on the eighth and fourteenth day after injection. The extent of VEGF164, and IGF-1 mRNA expression was measured in the rats on the 14th day post-injection. Results: Neovascularization and capillary density was the most increased in the rhEPO injected test group, but the avascular area was widely distributed in the vicinity of the retina. The degree of VEGF164 mRNA expression was highest in the test group that had been injected with normal saline. We found no difference in IGF-1 mRNA levels between the groups. Conclusions: We can infer that rhEPO can be a potent factor for inducing retinal neovascularization.

기아 마우스 담세관의 전자현미경적 연구

박창현,신영철,장병준,Park, Chang-Hyun,Shin, Young-Chul,Jang, Byung-Joon 한국현미경학회 1996 Applied microscopy Vol.26 No.2

This study was designed to investigate the ultrastructural alterations of the hepatocyte and bile canaliculus of the fasted mice with transmission and scanning electron microscopes. The morphometry was also carried out for the caliber of the bile canaliculus and the number, length and thickness of the microvillus. The hepatocyte observed in the three day fasting group showed ultrastructural images of active function. The dilated bile canaliculi, especially of type II were increased in number as compared with those seen in the normal group. However, the hepatocyte observed in the six day fasting group showed ultrastructural images of inactive function. The bile canaliculi without dilation (type I) were increased in number. The number of microvilli were identical with one another among the different types of bile canaliculi, while their length and thickness were reduced in the dilated bile canaliculi. From the evidence, the luminal size of the bile canaliculi seems to be easily changeable according to the functional state of the hepatocyte. However, the microvilli may not be changed in number but may be changed length and thickness when the bile canaliculi are dilated.

어린아이 머리털의 구조 변화 및 물리화학적 미용기법이 어른 머리털에 미치는 영향

박창현,최기주,문성진,엄창섭,Park, Chang-Hyun,Choi, Ki-Ju,Moon, Sung-Jin,Uhm, Chang-Sub 한국현미경학회 2002 Applied microscopy Vol.32 No.4

Recently, there has been an increase in the cosmetologic treatments on hair in Korea. To investigate the time when morphological characteristics of human scalp hair take mature form, hairs of 0, 3, 6, 12, 24 months, and of adult scalp hair were compared. Also, the physico-chemical effects of commonly used cosmetological treatments; hair-dryed, dye coated, stained and permanent waved scalp hairs were observed by scanning electron microscopy. Two year-old hair was similar to the adult hair, and all hairs received cosmetologic treatments except for coated hair showed various degree of deformation and damage. These results suggest that routinely used cosmetologic treatments may give harmful effects on hairs. More detailed studies in large scale may be necessary. 머리털에 관한 사회적 관심의 증대에 따라 미용처치가 머리털에 미치는 영향을 알아보고자 하였다. 나이에 따라 머리털이 성인과 유사해지는 시기를 확인하고자 0, 3, 6, 12, 24 개월된 어린아이 머리카락을 주사전자현미경으로 살펴본 결과 생후 24개월에 성인의 머리털과 유사한 구조를 가지고 있었다. 미용처치에 의한 물리화학적 영향을 알아보고자 성인의 드라이한 머리카락, 코팅한 머리카락, 염색한 머리카락 및 파마한 머리카락을 각각 주사전자현미경으로 관찰한 결과, 코팅을 제외한 나머지 처치군에서 손상된 머리털을 관찰할 수 있었다. 이상의 결과는 통상적인 미용처치에 사용되는 물리화학적 영향에 의해서도 머리털이 손상될 가능성이 있어 미용처치 시 주의를 할 필요가 있음을 의미하는 것으로 앞으로 이에 대한 자세한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

한방 치료와 연속 수동 운동(CPM)을 병행한 전방 십자인대 파열 환자의 수술 후 재활 치료에 대한 증례 보고

박창현,송윤경,Park, Chang-Hyun,Song, Yun-Kyung 척추신경추나의학회 2016 척추신경추나의학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Objectives : The objective of this study is to report the effect of Koran medical treatment and CPM exercise on recovery after reconstruction surgery of torn anterior cruciate ligament Methods : A 27-year-old male patient who had anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction surgery was treated by Korean medical treatment and CPM exercise from March 24th 2015 to April 16th 2015. Results : After treatments, VAS were generally decreased, ROM of Lt. knee got better from $95^{\circ}/10^{\circ}$(flexion/extension) to $120^{\circ}/-5^{\circ}$ (flexion/extension), Lysholm Score increased from 26 to 63. Conclusions : This study showed that Korean medical treatments and CPM exercise has meaningful effect on recovery after reconstruction surgery of anterior cruciate ligament. And it is considered that we need to apporoach recovery of these kinds of operation with more active Korean medical treatment, and further researches should be done steadily.

지상파 DMB용 능동형 안테나의 설계 및 제작

박창현,신동률,김정표,김기호,양묘근,성원모,Park, Chang-Hyun,Shin, Dong-Ryul,Kim, Jeong-Pyo,Kim, Gi-Ho,Yang, Myo-Guen,Seong, Won-Mo 한국전자파학회 2007 한국전자파학회논문지 Vol.18 No.1

본 논문에서는 기생 소자를 이용한 소형화된 안테나와 저 잡음 증폭기를 결합하여 휴대 단말기에 적용이 가능한 지상파 DMB 능동형 안테나를 설계 및 제작하였다. 제작된 능동형 안테나의 크기는 $80{\times}6{\times}0.4\;mm$로서 FR4 기판으로 제작하였다. 제작된 안테나는 기생 소자 및 단락 스터브가 없는 단순 안테나에 비해 38.8 %의 안테나 크기 축소 효과를 가진다. 제작된 능동 안테나를 DMB 수신 모듈에 연결하여 S/N 비를 측정한 결과 300 mm의 로드 안테나와 동등 이상의 성능을 나타내었다. 본 논문에서 제작된 능동형 안테나는 지상파 DMB 휴대 단말기에 적용 가능하다. In this paper, An active antenna of T-DMB was developed to equip to handhold gadgets by using LNA and a parasitic element allowing to miniature. The size of the fabricated active antenna is $80{\times}6{\times}0.4\;mm$ and FR4 is used for the substrate. The size of the proposed antenna is reduced by 38.8% at the operating frequency compared to one without a parasitic element, and a short stub. The proposed antenna shows improved performance at the measurement especially in the ratio of S/N compared with conventional monopole of 300 mm. The proposed antenna is well able to adapt into handhold gadgets for receiving T-DMB.