3GPP2 SMV의 실시간 음성/음악 분류 성능 향상을 위한 Gaussian Mixture Model의 적용

송지현,이계환,장준혁,Song, Ji-Hyun,Lee, Kye-Hwan,Chang, Joon-Hyuk 한국음향학회 2007 韓國音響學會誌 Vol.26 No.8

본 논문에서는 음성 인식과 음악 인식에서 뛰어난 성능을 보이는 Expectation-Maximization(EM) 알고리즘 기반의 패턴인식기법인 가우시안 혼합모델(Gaussian Mixture Model, GMM)을 이용하여 기존의 3GPP2 Selectable Mode Vocoder(SMV)의 실시간 음성/음악 분류 성능을 향상 시키는 방법을 제안한다 SMV의 음성/음악 실시간 분류 알고리즘에서 사용된 특징벡터와 분류방법을 분석하고, 이를 기반으로 분류성능향상을 위해 패턴인식 알고리즘인 GMM을 도입한다. 구체적으로, SMV의 음성/음악 분류알고리즘에서 사용되어진 특징벡터만을 선택적으로 사용하여 효과적인 GMM을 구성한 실시간 분류기법이 제시되었다. SMV의 음성/음악 분류에 적용한 GMM의 성능 평가를 위해 SMV 원래의 분류알고리즘과 비교하였으며, 다양한 음악장르에 대해 시스템의 성능을 평가한 결과 GMM을 이용하였을 때 기존의 SMV의 방법보다 우수한 음성/음악 분류 성능을 보였다. In this letter, we propose a novel approach to improve the performance of speech/music classification for the selectable mode vocoder(SMV) of 3GPP2 using the Gaussian mixture model(GMM) which is based on the expectation-maximization(EM) algorithm. We first present an effective analysis of the features and the classification method adopted in the conventional SMV. And then feature vectors which are applied to the GMM are selected from relevant Parameters of the SMV for the efficient speech/music classification. The performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated under various conditions and yields better results compared with the conventional scheme of the SMV.

발암원을 투여한 쥐에서 들기름이 대장 종양발생과 조직의 지방산 조성 및 Eicosanoids 생성에 미치는 영향

송지현,박현서 ( Ji Hyun Song,Hyun Suh Park ) 생화학분자생물학회 1994 BMB Reports Vol.27 No.6

The study was to observe the effect of perilla oil rich in a-linolenic acid(18:3ω3) on the incidence of colorectal tumor and its relation to the levels of plasma TXB₂ and colonic mucosal PGE₂ and fatty acid profiles of colonic mucosal lipid and hepatic microsomal phospholipid in colon carcinogenesis. Male Sprague Dawley rats, at 7 weeks of age, were divided into 2 groups and intrarectally infused with saline or chemical carcinogen (methylnitrosourea, MNU) and fed 16% (w/w) fat diet containing one of dietary fats (beef tallow, com oil, perilla oil) for 30 weeks. Large number of tumors were found in the distal colon of MNU-treated rats by all fats and tumor incidence was lower in the rats fed perilla oil (57.7%) compared to those of com oil (82.1%) or beef tallow (87.5%) diet. The overall fatty acid profiles of colonic mucosal lipid and hepatic microsomal phospholipid reflected dietary fatty acids. The levels of C20:4 were similarly higher in tissues of beef tallow or com oil fed rats even though dietary levels of C18:2 were significantly different in two groups, which suggests that there might be some regulatory mechanism present to control the level of C20:4 in tissue. The decreased level of C20:4w6 and increased level of w3 fatty acids in perilla oil fed rats were associated well with the decreased levels of plasma TXB₂ and colonic mucosal PGE₂. Perilla oil rich in ω α-linolenic acid decreased the incidence of colon tumor possibly through modification of tissue fatty acid profile and eicosanoid synthesis.

절수시 Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) 콩팥의 Aquaporin 2, Aquaporin 4 발현변화

송지현,권진석,김용환,박용덕,한기환,류시윤,정주영,Song, Ji-Hyun,Kwon, Jin-Seuk,Kim, Yong-Hwan,Park, Yong-Deok,Han, Ki-Hwan,Ryu, Si-Yun,Jung, Ju-Young 대한수의학회 2007 大韓獸醫學會誌 Vol.47 No.4

Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) has been as an model animal for studing the neurological disease such as stroke and epilepsy because of the congenital incompleteries in Willis circle, as well as the investigation of water metabolism because of the long time-survival in the condition of water-deprived desert condition, compared with other species animal. Aquaporin 2 (AQP2) expressed at the surface of principal cells in collecting duct results from an equilibrium between the AQP2 in intracellular vesicles and the AQP2 on the plasma membrane. Aquaporin 4 (AQP4), which is expressed in cell in a wide range of organ, is also present in the collecting duct principal cells where this is abundant in the basolateral plasma membranes and represent potential exit pathways from the cell for water entering via AQP2. In this research, we divide 3 groups of which each group include the 5 animals. In the study of 7 or 14 days water restricted condition, we investigated the AQP2 and AQP4 by using a quantitative immunohistochemistry in the kidney. The results obtained in this study were summarized as followings. AQP2 is abundant in the apical plasma membrane and apical vesicles in the collecting duct principal cell and at rare abundance in connecting tubules. In the water-deprived Mongolian gerbil kidney, expression of AQP2 was continuosly increased in the cortical collecting duct and inner medullary collecting duct. This increase was both the apical region and cytoplasm. AQP4 is mainly expressed in the inner medulla, although some expression is also noted in the more proximal segment. In the water-deprived Mongolian gerbil kidney, AQP4 was also increased in the inner medullary collecting duct. Immunoactivity was increased in entire inner medullary collecting duct and newly detected in cytoplasm of principal cell. These findings suggest that increased levels of AQP2 and AQP4 in the cortical and inner medulalry collecting duct may play a important role for maintain fluid balance in the water-deprived kidney.

삼복첩의 치료 효과와 만족도에 대한 연구

송지현,이진화,김윤희,Song, Ji Hyun,Lee, Jin Hwa,Kim, Yun Hee 대한한방소아과학회 2018 대한한방소아과학회지 Vol.32 No.1

Objectives The purpose of this study is to understand effect on respiratory disease and satisfaction of parents about acupoint sticking in hottest period of summer. Methods A survey was conducted to the parents of their children who took acupoint sticking in Dog-days for two years in a row. 17 children (10 boys, 7 girls, 4.0-12.11 years) were attached Socheongo to BL-13, BL-15, BL-17 for 3 hours. In terms of the effectiveness of the therapy, the treatment only considered as effective when there is any improvement in respiratory symptoms. Results 11 children (64.7%) from the study group have shown positive effect. There were significant improvements in frequency of having a cold or duration of a cold; duration of rhinitis; frequency of having empyema or its duration; frequency of having bronchitis; frequency of having pneumonia; frequency of having otitis media. Respiratory health VAS (Visual Analog Scale) had significant increase from 5 to 6.71 (p<0.05). 7 parents (41.2%) were satisfied with acupoint in hottest period of summer and 16 parents (94.1%) wanted to have their children get treated again in next year. From the survey, inconveniences of acupuncture were weak attachment of the acupoint (23.5%), long attaching time (11.8%), pressure about number of treatments (5.9%), worry about side effects (5.9%). Side effects have been reported; 2 pruritus (11.8%), 1 pruritus and erythema (5.9%). Conclusions Acupoint sticking in hottest period of summer improves lung symptoms in children older than three years old. However, the ways to reduce the side effects and inconveniences are needed.

자동차 제작결함조사 통계 분석을 통한 리콜제도 연구

송지현,권해붕,이광범,김희준,Song, Ji-hyun,Kwon, Hae-boung,Lee, Kwang-bum,Kim, Hee-june 한국자동차안전학회 2015 자동차안전학회지 Vol.7 No.4

The basic point of a vehicle recall is to remove vehicle defects as soon as possible and thus prevent possible road traffic accidents caused by the defects beforehand. Therefore, the core of vehicle recall under the self-certification system consists of a timely response and fast remedy of defects. The present study aimed to deduce a plan for improvement of the system necessary for the fast remedy of defects through a phased analysis of defect investigation procedure based on defect investigation statistical data. There will be a need to make the TSB(Technical Service Bulletin) or service campaign data submission of a manufacturer compulsory for the collection of broad defect information in the stage of information analysis and to impose a higher penalty when the manufacturer violates the data submission in the investigation stage. In addition, it is considered that an active service campaign should be induced and a punishment for late recall will be needed for consumer protection.

택사 (澤瀉, Alismatis Rhizoma) 추출물이 RBL-2H3 비만세포와 OVA/alum 감작 생쥐의 알레르기 염증 반응에 미치는 영향

송지현,이진화,김은진,김윤희,Song, Ji Hyun,Lee, Jin Hwa,Kim, Eun Jin,Kim, Yun Hee 대한한방소아과학회 2018 대한한방소아과학회지 Vol.32 No.3

Objectives Alismatis Rhizoma has been known to suppress inflammation and allergic reaction. However, the cellular target of Alismatis Rhizoma and its mechanism of action remain unclear. This study was designed to examine the effect of Alismatis Rhizoma extract (ALC) on the RBL-2H3 mast cells in vitro and on the OVA/alum sensitized mice ex vivo. Methods In the study, RBL-2H3 mast cells were cultured in minimal essential medium (MEM) for 24 hours, and treated separately with cyclosporin A and varying doses of ALC, and then stimulated with Phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) (50 ng/ml) and Ionomycin ($0.5{\mu}M$). The levels of IL-13, IL-4 were measured by ELISA analysis. The mRNA levels of IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, GM-CSF, $TNF-{\alpha}$ were analyzed with Real-time PCR. Also, manifestations of MAPKs transcription factors and $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65 translocation were analyzed by western blotting in vitro. Subsequently, for ex vivo experiment, we induced allergic inflammation on Balb/c mice by OVA/alum and administered ALC orally. And we measured serum OVA-specific IgE level and IL-4, IL-13 in the splenocyte culture supernatant by ELISA analysis. Results ALC was shown to suppress mRNA expression of IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-13, GM-CSF, $TNF-{\alpha}$, and to inhibit the IL-13, IL-4 production. Also ALC reduced an activation of mast cells specific signal MAPKs transcription factors and $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65 from the western blot analysis in in vitro experiment. In ex vivo, ALC oral adminstration decreased the level of OVA-specific IgE in serum, and IL-4, IL-13 in the splenocyte culture supernatant. Conclusions ALC is shown to reduce inflammation and allergic response by suppressing Th2 cytokines through the regulation of transcription factors MAPKs and $NF-{\kappa}B$ p65 in mast cells. Administration of ALC suppressed OVA-specific IgE in ovalbumin allergy model through the inhibition of Th2 cytokine. In conclusion, ALC can be considered as an effective treatment for allergic diseases such as atopic dermatitis.

산업단지 입주특성에 따른 기업 경영 및 혁신성과 분석

송지현(Song, Ji-Hyun) 한국산학기술학회 2015 한국산학기술학회논문지 Vol.16 No.10

본 논문은 산업단지라는 정책적 집적환경에 입주한 기업들의 입주 특성이 기업경영 및 혁신성과에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보는 데 목적을 둔다. 분석을 위해서 2012년 기준 kis-value 기업재무자료와 FEMIS 산업단지 입주현황자료를 활용하여 회귀분석과 선택편의를 고려한 성향점수매칭을 적용하였다. 산업단지 입주여부는 전반적으로 기업의 경영성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 수도권내 산업단지 입주가 기업의 경영 및 혁신성과에 미치는 영향은 유의하지 않았다. 산업단지 장기입주는 기업의 1인당 매출액에 긍정적으로 영향을 미치나 다른 성과변수에 대해서는 유의한 영향을 발견할 수 없었다. 또한 산업단지 복수입주기업은 1인당 영업이익에 서 오히려 낮은 성과를 보였다. 이는 산업단지 장기입주와 복수입주기업은 연구개발과 성과향상을 위한 학습이나 추가적인 수요시장의 개척, 다른 기관 및 기업과의 연계 및 네트워크 구축에 한계를 가지고 있음을 의미한다. This study applies regression analysis and propensity score matching to analyze the agglomeration economies which the characteristics of tenancy affect the performance of the manufacturing industry based on industrial parks. The estimation main data are from Kis-Value, KIPRIS and FEMIS. The results show that the industrial park tenancy tends to work positively on the management performances. But there is no evidence that on-Park firms in the metropolitan areas(Gyeonggi-do) have higher management and innovative performances than the comparable firms. The firms that have lived for a long time in the industrial parks, are good in total sales, however, they have no significant efficiency in net profit, operating profit, and patents. The firms, having several branches of the industrial parks, have lower operating profit than others. Long-term and multiple tenant firms do not learn over time nor do they establish better linkages and networks.

A Study on the Effect of Professionality of Franchise Education Program on the Satisfaction, Work Efficiency and Business Performance

Ji-Hyun Song(송지현),Gye-Beom Jo(조계범) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2019 韓國컴퓨터情報學會論文誌 Vol.24 No.11

본 연구는 프랜차이즈 교육프로그램의 전문성이 만족도, 업무효율성, 경영성과에 어떠한 영향를 미치는가를 분석하여, 프랜차이즈 경영에서 중요시되는 교육프로그램을 어떠한 방식으로 개발해야 하는지 그 방법을 찾는데 목적이 있으며, 프랜차이즈 교육프로그램의 지속적인 운영방안을 제안하고자 한다. 본 연구에서는 프랜차이즈 교육프로그램을 이수한 경험이 있는 이용자 224명을 대상으로 설문을 실시하였다. 선행연구를 통해 프랜차이즈 교육프로그램의 전문성을 교육강사, 교육내용, 교육환경, 교육방법으로 구분하였다. 연구가설의 검증을 위하여 단일 회귀분석, 다중회귀 분석을 실시하여 변수간이 관계를 검증하였다. 핵심 연구결과를 정리해보면 첫째, 프랜차이즈 교육프로그램의 전문성이 만족도에 긍정적 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 프랜차이즈 교육프로그램의 전문성이 업무효율성에 긍정적 관계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 만족도는 업무효율성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 만족도와 업무효율성은 경영성과에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과로 볼 때 프랜차이즈 교육프로그램의 전문성 향상을 위하여, 교육강사에서 시작하여 교육방법까지 업종과 대상에 맞는 교육 프로그램을 개발하고, 만족도와 업무효율성을 높이기 위하여 지속적인 소통과 개선이 이루어지면, 좋은 성과를 낼 수 있는 프랜차이즈 교육프로그램이 될 것이다. In this paper, We analyze the effect of professionality of franchise education program on the satisfaction, work efficiency and business performance, to find how to develop education program which is considered as important in franchise management and to propose ways of sustainable operation of franchise education program. In this study, we carried out survey for 224 users who have competed franchise education programs. We divided the professionality of franchise education program into education instructors, education contents, education environment and education methods through precedent study. For the verification of study hypothesis, we used single regression and multiple regression analysis to verify the relationship between variables. The core study results are as follows. First, professionality of franchise education program is positively related to the satisfaction. Second, professionality of franchise education is positively related to work efficiency. Third, satisfaction affects work efficiency. Fourth, satisfaction and work efficiency have positive effect on business performance. Based on these study results, we found that if education program suitable for the industry and subjects from instructors to education method is developed to improve the professionality of franchise program and continuous communication and improvement is made to increase satisfaction and work efficiency, the franchise education program will create good results.

다문화가족지원법의 제정과정 분석

송지현 ( Ji Hyun Song ),이태영 ( Tae Young Lee ) 한국사회복지정책학회 2012 사회복지정책 Vol.39 No.3

본 연구는 Kingdon의 정책흐름모형을 적용하여 ``다문화가족지원법``의 제정과정을 분석하고, 정책결정을 둘러싼 참여자 간의 갈등구조 및 주요 쟁점을 중심으로 전개과정을 고찰하였다. 본 연구의 주요 분석결과는 다음과 같다. 문제의 흐름에서는 외국인 근로자와 국제결혼의 증가로 인하여 사회문제가 발생하였으며, 부처별로 정책을 추진함에 따라 중복 및 상충되는 현상이 발생하였다. 이와 같은 상황에서 참여정부는 문제의 심각성을 인지하게 되었다. 정책의 흐름에서 여성가족부는 ``다문화가족지원법``의 제정활동뿐만 아니라 대안마련에도 주도적인 역할을 수행하였다. 그리고 정치의 흐름에서는 참여정부의 등장과 여성가족부의 개편이 여성가족부 내에 정책아젠다 형성에 주요한 역할을 하였다. 결국 ``다문화가족지원법``의 제정은 외국인정책에 대한 대통령의 인지, 여성가족부의 대안 마련,참여정부의 출범, 여성가족부의 업무영역 확대 노력이 결합된 것으로 볼 수 있다. ``다문화가족지원법``의 제정과정을 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 정책적 함의를 도출하였다. 첫째, 다문화정책이 정책의제로 설정되는 과정에 있어 가장 큰 영향을 준 요인은 정치의 흐름이었고, 정치의 흐름 중에서 참여정부의 출범이었다. 둘째, 정책 의제설정과정에서 비가시적인 참여자보다 가시적인 참여자의 역할이 중요하였다. 셋째, 정책은 합리적으로 결정되지 않는다는 점이다. The purpose of this study is to analyze the policy making process of the Support for Multicultural Families Act by using Kingdon`s Policy Stream Model and to identify the main factors in the legislative process. The main results of the research are as follows. First, in problems stream, the increase of migrant worker and married immigrant has caused social problems and the Participatory Government recognized these problems. In the policy stream, the various alternatives are discussed by the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family, and finally there was continuous transformation of the alternative through the deep consideration among the core participants. In the political stream, the inauguration of Participatory Government and the organization reform of the Ministry of Gender Equality and Family have a powerful effect on policy agenda formation. According to the findings of this study, policy making of the Support for Multicultural Families Act has three policy implication. First, political stream is the most important factor that has an effect on the policy stream. Second, the role of visible participant is important in the process of policy agenda setting. Third, the policy isn`t decided rationally.

카페 생존을 위한 공간요인의 중요도 분석 - GIS를 이용한 점포 저밀 구역을 중심으로 -

송지현(Song, Ji-Hyun),이현수(Lee, Hyun-Soo) 한국실내디자인학회 2020 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.29 No.3

The purpose of this study is to analyze the spatial factors for the survival of cafés and propose basic data that are substantially useful for small capital startups. Therefore, the study targeted areas of low-density agglomeration where rents are relatively low in trading areas. Through literature review, spatial factors were collected and classified into the categories of "Store Characteristics", "Design Attributes", and "Space Images". From these, 45 reasonably relevant factors were derived through in-depth interview of experts. Next, cafés that have survived for more than three years in areas of low density agglomeration using GIS were extracted, and the importance of spatial factors was measured through the survey of café owners. The results are as follows. First, the importance of "Design Attributes (3.7)" and "Space Images (3.7)" was high at the category level of spatial factors. Second, among the 45 spatial factors, the importance of "Unique Interior (4.5)", "Unique Exterior (4.4)" and "Visible Exterior (4.4)" were high. Third, 45 spatial factors were reclassified by similar attributes into 11 groups to increase efficiency through selection and concentration, and the results of calculating the mean point of importance at the group level were high in the order of "Parking (4.3)’, "New Sensitivity (4.2)" and "Signage (4.1). Based on these results, small capital cafés will have to overcome the disadvantage of their location by focusing on major spatial factors and securing competitiveness for long-term survival. This study has differentiated value in that it measured the importance of spatial factors based on expert knowledge and the field experience of café owners and analyzed them in depth according to factor level. Future research will need to be further developed by incorporating practical opinions from the customer"s perspective.