농업용수 수질기준의 문제점 및 개선대책 : 외국사례와의 비교를 통해

김진호,이종식,정구복,윤순강,고문환,심재천,권순국 한국국제농업개발학회 2003 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.15 No.3

우리나라 농업용수 수질기준과 다른 국가 또는 농업관련 국제기구의 수질기준에 대한 비교분석을 통해 우리나라 농업용수 수질기준의 문제점 도출과 해결방안을 모색코자 본 연구를 수행하게 되었으며, 그 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 우리나라 농업용수 수질기준은 관개용수 수질기준이 아니고, 수원보호측면의 수질기준이라 할 수 있다. 2. 우리나라 수질기준중 유기물지표가 하천과 호소에 따라 BOD와 COD로 이원화되어 있고, 특히 COD의 경우 산화제로 KMnO4를 사용함으로써 효과적인 유기물지표로 활용할 수 없는 실정이다. 농업용수로의 활용측면에서는 K₂Cr₂O_(7)을 이용한 COD를 기준으로 도입하는 것이 유기물 분해능 및 수중의 유기물지표로 활용하고 있는 국제적 데이터 일치를 위해서도 타당하다. 3. 우리나라 농업용수 수질기준은 캐나다와 FAO에서 제시하고 있는 염류에 대한 기준은 거의 없는 실정이다. 또한 양이온에 대한 기준도 없다. 염류의 기준이 모든 이온 존재의 가능성을 의미하므로, 실험치 및 외국문헌에 의한 1.0dS/m수준을 한계농도로 선정해야 한다. 4. FAO와 캐나다에서 사용하고 있는 축산용수에 대한 수질기준이 없다. 5. 관개용 농업용수가 농업(작물)에 미칠 수 있는 영향을 평가하기 위해서는 수원별로 수질기준이 다른 것이 큰 모순이다. 따라서 관계부처에서는 부처간의 이해를 떠난 수질기준을 설정해야 한다. 6. 우리나라 농업용수 수질기준의 모순점을 극복하기 위해서는 농업의 안전성확보측면 위해 관개용수 수질기준과 축산용수 수질기준을 조속히 제정해야 할 것이다. Present problems and possible solutions on the Water Quality Standards for Agriculture in Korea, were identified in the study. Because the Ministry of Environment made the laws and standards without consulting the agri-scientists, among others, the water quality standards formulated were not suitable standards of FAO, Japan, Canada, and the likes. The BOD and COD are the organic materials indicators. In case of rivers, BOD are set for the indicator. And at reservoirs. COD are set. Especially. COD was analysed using KMnO₄It is not suitable oxidizing agent for COD. Because the oxidic capacity is very low. So, in most developed country, K₂Cr₂O_(7) is usually used to analyze COD. And the salts and cations are not belonged to the Korean Water Quality Standards for Agriculture. The water quality standards for agriculture have big differences among lakes, rivers and groundwater. To apply different standards by resources to evaluate the relationship between water and crops is conflicting. So, to overcome the these problems, the suitable water quality standards for irrigation and livestock should be set.

열적 변화를 이용한 실내환경 가스의 분류

최낙진,심창현,송갑득,주병수,이윤수,이상문,이덕동,허증수 한국센서학회 2002 센서학회지 Vol.11 No.5

단일 기판위에 온도측정용 Pt 박막과 Pt 히터 그리고 가스 감지를 위하여 순수한 SnO_2 박막과 Pt가 첨가된 SnO_2박막을 설계하고 제작하였다. 제작된 소자는 실내환경가스인 이산화탄소, 프로판 그리고 부탄의 분류에 응용되었다. 동작 온도를 가변하기 위하여 히터의 입력 전압을 사다리꼴로 인가하면서 SnO_2 감지막의 반응특성과 실내환경가스들에 대한 분류여부를 조사하였다. 감지막 반응특성곡선에서 여러 변수들을 추출한 후 주성분분석(principal component analysis : PCA)을 통하여 가스 분류 특성을 검증하였다. Two SnO_2 based sensing films(pure SnO_2 and SnO_2/Pt) and a Pt thin film for temperature sensor on an alumina substrate were designed and fabricated for classifying the indoor environmental gases. By controlling the heating power in the shape of trapezoid, unique four sensing response curves created from both SnO_2 film and SnO_2/Pt film. Then, various parameters were extracted from sensing response curves and carried out principal component analysis(PCA). The results confirm that a sensor array with the proposed operating mode was extremely effective in classifying indoor environmental gases such as CO_2, C_3H_8, C_4H_10.

난포기 및 황체기에 있어서 돼지 난관 협부 평활근의 neurotransmitter들의 수축효과에 대한 estradiol-17β및 progesterone의 영향

이민기,노규진,심철수,남윤정,김주현,최상용 慶尙大學校 1991 論文集 Vol.30 No.2

The effects of estradiol-17β or progesterone on the contractility of neurotransmitters on pig oviductal isthmic smooth muscle were investigated. The motility of the isolated smooth muscle was recorded by using physiological recording system. The results were summarized as follows : 1. The contractility induced by histamine or prostaglandin F2α was depressed by the pretreatment of estradiol-17β but was not by the preteatment of progesterone in follicular or luteal stage. 2. The contractility induced by acetylcholine was depressed un follicular stage but excited in luteal stage by the pretreatment of estradiol-17β or progesterone. 3. The contractility induced by norepinephrine was depressed by the pretreatment of progesterone in follicular stage but was excited by the pretreatment estradiol-17β in luteal stage.

구강 악성 흑색종에서 PCNA 발현에 관한 면역조직화학적 연구

황경균,남윤우,이재일,이종호,심광섭,김명진 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2002 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.24 No.6

Malignant melanoma arising from the mucosa of head and neck region was rare and showed poor prognosis. Some of malignant melanoma were transformed from benign melanotic lesion. Malignant melanoma had high cellular proliferation and rapid growth. The percentage of PCNA-positive cell (labeling index) is high in many malignant tumor. So we compared the pattern of PCNA expression in the melanotic lesion. We performed the immunohistochemical study in malignant melanoma(19 cases), benign melanotic macule(24 cases) and normal mucosa(20 cases) were diagnosed in Seoul National University Dental Hospital between 1980 and 2000. Positive PCNA staining was found mainly in malignant melanoma. The mean PCNA expression in malignant melanoma, melanotic macule, normal tissue were 29.2%, 1.4%, 0%, respectively. Significant differences in PCNA expression were noted between malignant melanoma and melanotic macule(p<0.01), normal mucosa(p<0.01). These result suggested that the PCNA expression seems to be used as a diagnostic indicator for malignancy in malignant melanoma and melanotic lesion.

한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 III : 3차년도 연구결과 보고

최선미,양기상,최승훈,박경모,박종현,심범상,김성우,노석선,이인선,정진홍,이진용,김달래,임형호,김윤범,박성식,송태원,김종우,이승기,최윤정,신순식 한국한의학연구원 1997 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.3 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the third year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows : - analyzing and differentiating of epidemic febrile disease - analyzing and differentiating in accordance with the Sasang constitution medicine based on four-type recognition - differentiation of disease according to pathological changes of Chong and Ren channels - standards for diagnosis of women's disease - standards for diagnosis of children's disease - standards for diagnosis of motor and sensor disturbance (-muscle. born, joint, etc.) - standards for diagnosis of neuropsychiatric disease - standards for diagnosis of five sense organ disease - standards for diagnosis of external disease The indivisual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs, the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern, discrimination of diagnosis pattern, prognosis, a way of curing a disease, prescription, herbs in common use, disease appearing the diagnosis pattern, documents. The standards for diagnosis of each disease was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name, notion of disease, the main point of diagnosis, analyzing and differentiating of disease, analysis of disease, discrimination of disease, prognosis, a way of curing and prescription of disease, disease in western medicine appearing the disease in oriental medicine, documents.

영산강, 섬진강수계 수변구역 토지매수 우선순위 산정에 관한 연구 -주암호 수변구역을 사례로-

심윤진 ( Yun-Jin Shim ),차진열 ( Jin-Yeol Cha ),박용수 ( Yong-Su Park ),이동진 ( Dong-Jin Lee ),서윤희 ( Yun-Hee Seo ),홍진표 ( Jin-Pyo Hong ),조동길 ( Dong-Gil Cho ) 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2014 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.17 No.1

Riparian areas are significant functional grounds for inhabiting ecological system on the river such as the self-regulation of the water quality and the foundation of important corridors. For such functional device to operate, consecutive land purchase scheme that prioritizes targeted areas with high pollutant load rate imposes sustainable development of the ecological riparian belt. The purpose of this study is focused on measuring the methodology for selecting land purchse order before establishing riparian belt in accordance with pollution loading estimation and the basin approach. The Yeongsan and Seomjin river which includes targeted areas of the land purchase have been classified into the large-medium-small(standard basin) influence areas based on their catchment rage, which than sub-divided the research area of Juam lake by 38 small basins and 223 units. Small basins with the high pollution load rates have been assessed as the first prioritized targets. For the second priority, the condition of the point pollutant sources, original area of the targets, original restored area were concerned. The final decision of the land purchase order targeted only those within 50 meter range from the basin. To validate the accumulated data, the on-site investigation went along the targeted zones, which the result shows that all prioritized areas included both point and non-point pollutant sources, and had not a small originally restored areas.

맹꽁이 서식처 복원을 위한 서식처 적합성 지수(HSI) 개발

심윤진 ( Yun Jin Shim ),조동길 ( Dong Gil Cho ),박소현 ( So Hyun Park ),이동진 ( Dong Jin Lee ),서윤희 ( Yun Hee Seo ),김상혁 ( Sang Hyuk Kim ),김덕호 ( Duck Ho Kim ),고상범 ( Sang Beom Ko ),차진열 ( Jin Yeol Cha ),성현찬 ( Hyun C 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2014 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Kaloula borealis is the species of Amphibia which belongs to Kaloula genus and it is the only species inhabiting in Korea. The population size and habitat of Kaloula borealis have been significantly decreased on a national scale due to the diversified developments and the uses of agricultural pesticides. Accordingly, the Ministry of Environment has designated and managed them as the class II of endangered species, in accordance with ?Endangered Species Protection and Management Act?; however, a particular study focused on the ecological restoration of Kaloula borealis is desperately needed to prevent their extinction. This study was conducted to propose the HSI (Habit Suitability Index) of Kaloula borealis based on literature survey on ecology and habitats of Kaloula borealis, as well as their HSI. Factors to be investigated in HSI include: space, feed, cover, water(breeding) and threatening factors and the variables of each factor were also proposed. The distance from wetland, grassland, farm, stream and rice paddy, as well as the altitude of spawning pond were proposed as the variables of space, whereas the bed structure of forest and low-rise grassland were proposed as the variables of feeding. The variables of water (breeding) include the area of permanent and temporary wetlands, coverage of emerged pants (ratio of open water), water depth, water temperature, water quality, pH level, etc., whereas the presence of predator, distance from street and pollutants were proposed as the variables of threatening factor. The sub-standards by HSI factor of Kaloula borealis have been drawn from in-depth consultation with experts and based on this, the final HSI of Kaloula borealis was developed.

Picropodophyllotoxin Inhibits Cell Growth and Induces Apoptosis in Gefitinib-Resistant Non-Small Lung Cancer Cells by Dual-Targeting EGFR and MET

( Jin-young Lee ),( Bok Yun Kang ),( Sang-jin Jung ),( Ah-won Kwak ),( Seung-on Lee ),( Jin Woo Park ),( Sang Hoon Joo ),( Goo Yoon ),( Mee-hyun Lee ),( Jung-hyun Shim ) 한국응용약물학회 2023 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.31 No.2

Patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) amplification or sensitive mutations initially respond to the tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib, however, the treatment becomes less effective over time by resistance mechanism including mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) overexpression. A therapeutic strategy targeting MET and EGFR may be a means to overcoming resistance to gefitinib. In the present study, we found that picropodophyllotoxin (PPT), derived from the roots of Podophyllum hexandrum, inhibited both EGFR and MET in NSCLC cells. The antitumor efficacy of PPT in gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells (HCC827GR), was confirmed by suppression of cell proliferation and anchorage-independent colony growth. In the targeting of EGFR and MET, PPT bound with EGFR and MET, ex vivo, and blocked both kinases activity. The binding sites between PPT and EGFR or MET in the computational docking model were predicted at Gly772/Met769 and Arg1086/Tyr1230 of each ATP-binding pocket, respectively. PPT treatment of HCC827GR cells increased the number of annexin V-positive and subG1 cells. PPT also caused G2/M cell-cycle arrest together with related protein regulation. The inhibition of EGFR and MET by PPT treatment led to decreases in the phosphorylation of the downstream-proteins, AKT and ERK. In addition, PPT induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and GRP78, CHOP, DR5, and DR4 expression, mitochondrial dysfunction, and regulated involving signal-proteins. Taken together, PPT alleviated gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cell growth and induced apoptosis by reducing EGFR and MET activity. Therefore, our results suggest that PPT can be a promising therapeutic agent for gefitinib-resistant NSCLC.

Porosity effect of 3D-printed polycaprolactone membranes on calvarial defect model for guided bone regeneration

Shim, Jin-Hyung,Jeong, Jae-hyang,Won, Joo-Yun,Bae, Ji-Hyeon,Ahn, Geunseon,Jeon, Hojun,Yun, Won-Soo,Bae, Eun-Bin,Choi, Jae-Won,Lee, So-Hyoun,Jeong, Chang-Mo,Chung, Ho Yun,Huh, Jung-Bo Institute of Physics Publishing Ltd 2018 Biomedical Materials Vol.13 No.1

<P>The appropriate porosity and pore size of barrier membranes were associated with the transportation of biomolecules required for new bone formation and angiogenesis. In this study, we fabricated three-dimensional (3D)-printed resorbable polycaprolactone (PCL) membranes with different porosities (30%, 50%, and 70%) to evaluate the effective pore size for guided bone regeneration (GBR) membranes. To analyze mechanical properties and cytocompatibility, PCL membranes prepared using extrusion-based 3D printing technology were compared in dry and wet conditions and tested in vitro. The proliferation rates and pattern of fibroblasts and preosteoblasts on PCL membranes with different porosities were determined using a cell counting kit-8 assay and scanning electron microscopy. PCL membrane porosity did not affect cell proliferation, but osteogenic differentiation and mechanical properties were increased with lower porosity (30%) on day 14 (p < 0.001). Similar results were found in an in vivo calvarial defect model; new bone formation was significantly higher in PCL membranes with lower porosity (p < 0.001). These results indicate that 3D-printed PCL with 30% porosity (130 mu m pore size) is an excellent pore size for GBR membranes.</P>

Effects of 3D-Printed Polycaprolactone/β-Tricalcium Phosphate Membranes on Guided Bone Regeneration

Shim, Jin-Hyung,Won, Joo-Yun,Park, Jung-Hyung,Bae, Ji-Hyeon,Ahn, Geunseon,Kim, Chang-Hwan,Lim, Dong-Hyuk,Cho, Dong-Woo,Yun, Won-Soo,Bae, Eun-Bin,Jeong, Chang-Mo,Huh, Jung-Bo MDPI 2017 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.18 No.5

<P>This study was conducted to compare 3D-printed polycaprolactone (PCL) and polycaprolactone/β-tricalcium phosphate (PCL/β-TCP) membranes with a conventional commercial collagen membrane in terms of their abilities to facilitate guided bone regeneration (GBR). Fabricated membranes were tested for dry and wet mechanical properties. Fibroblasts and preosteoblasts were seeded into the membranes and rates and patterns of proliferation were analyzed using a kit-8 assay and by scanning electron microscopy. Osteogenic differentiation was verified by alizarin red S and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining. An in vivo experiment was performed using an alveolar bone defect beagle model, in which defects in three dogs were covered with different membranes. CT and histological analyses at eight weeks after surgery revealed that 3D-printed PCL/β-TCP membranes were more effective than 3D-printed PCL, and substantially better than conventional collagen membranes in terms of biocompatibility and bone regeneration and, thus, at facilitating GBR. </P>