Comparison of trophic factors changes in the hippocampal CA1 region between the young and adult gerbil induced by transient cerebral ischemia.

Yan, Bing Chun,Park, Joon Ha,Kim, Sung Koo,Choi, Jung Hoon,Lee, Choong Hyun,Yoo, Ki-Yeon,Kwon, Young-Geun,Kim, Young-Myeong,Kim, Jong-Dai,Won, Moo-Ho Kluwer Academic/Plenum Publishers 2012 Cellular and molecular neurobiology Vol.32 No.8

<P>In the present study, we investigated neuronal death/damage in the gerbil hippocampal CA1 region (CA1) and compared changes in some trophic factors, such as brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), in the CA1 between the adult and young gerbils after 5 min of transient cerebral ischemia. Most of pyramidal neurons (89%) were damaged 4 days after ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) in the adult; however, in the young, about 59% of pyramidal neurons were damaged 7 days after I-R. The immunoreactivity and levels of BDNF and VEGF, not GDNF, in the CA1 of the normal young were lower than those in the normal adult. Four days after I-R in the adult group, the immunoreactivity and levels of BDNF and VEGF were distinctively decreased, and the immunoreactivity and level of GDNF were increased. However, in the young group, all of their immunoreactivities and levels were much higher than those in the normal young group. From 7 days after I-R, all the immunoreactivities and levels were apparently decreased compared to those of the normal adult and young. In brief, we confirmed our recent finding: more delayed and less neuronal death occurred in the young following I-R, and we newly found that the immunoreactivities of trophic factors, such as BDNF, GDNF, and VEGF, in the stratum pyramidale of the CA1 in the young gerbil were much higher than those in the adult gerbil 4 days after transient cerebral ischemia.</P>

고대산 북서사면(경기도 연천군) 지역의 식물상 및 산림군락 분류에 관한 연구

김남영,김흥식,김영설,김정유,박완근 江原大學校 森林科學硏究所 2004 Journal of Forest Science Vol.20 No.-

2003년 3월부터 10월까지 고대산을 대상으로 식물상과 산림군락을 조사하였다. 관속식물은 94과 299속 481종 1아종 66변종 4품종 1교잡종으로 총 553종류인 것으로 나타났으며, 한국특산식물은 8과 11속 13종 총 13종류, 희귀 및 멸종위기식물은 12과 15속 15속 15종 총 15종류, 귀화식물은 9과 15속 17종 총 17종류로 나타났다. 산림군락은 신갈나무-철쭉군목, 신갈나무-생강나무군단, 갈참나무-신갈나무군락, 굴참나무-신갈나무군락, 당단풍-신갈나무군락으로 전체 1군목, 1군단, 3군락이 분포하는 것으로 나타났다. The study was carried out to investigate the flora and community classification of forest vegetation in Mt. Godae from March to October, 2003. As a result of that, the vascular plants were 94 families, 299 genera, 481 species, 1 subspecies, 66 varieties, 4 formae, 1 hybrid, 553 taxa in all; korean endemic plants were 8 families, 11 genera, 13 species, 13 taxa in all; rare or endangered plants were 12 families, 15 genera, 15 species, 15 taxa in all; naturalized plants were 9 families, 15 genera, 17 species, 17 taxa in all. forest vegetation was classified into 1 order, 1 alliance, 3 communities; Rhododendro - Quercetalia mongolicae (Kim 1990) Lindero - Quercion mongolicae (Kim 1990) A. Fraxinus rhynchophylla - Quercus mongolica Community B. Quercus variabilis - Quercus mongolica Community C. Acer pseudo-sieboldianum - Quercus mongolica Community

벼 생산경영 종합관리 S/W개발

김웅,김창수,김동원,국중덕,송영주,오남기,최영근 한국농업정보과학회 2001 농업정보과학 Vol.3 No.1

This programme consisted of 8 menus, which are basic information, job worksheet, technique information, management analysis, file management, window management, help and conclusion. The major functions of this programme by menus classified as follows : 1. The basic information menu, which consisted of a lots of basic farm management information, can be easily accessible to get general farm status of S/W users and inputted data used as basic data for farm management analysis. 2. In worksheet menu, users can easily access to record and search of farm work planning, contents of work, agricultural materials and selling status. 3. In management achievement menu, lots of indexes which represent one years' management achievements are produced and can be compare this years' achievements with last years' ones. This programme Delphi5 and Object pascal programme were used for tools and languages. Also Paradox4 and BDE were used for DB and DB engine respectively.

방사선 조사에 의한 흰주 난포의 퇴축과 난포세포의 방사선 감수성

김수일,한승로,조근자,허대영,이영호,조문준,김무강,김원식 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2002 충남의대잡지 Vol.29 No.1

The aim of this study were to investigate radiation-induced atresia and radiation susceptibility in the rat ovary morphologically. Female rats (Sprague Dawley strain) of 4 weeks old were irradiated with dose of 4 Gy and 8 Gy, and sacrificed at hour 6, 12, and 24 after radiation. The H & E stain, the TUNEL method (ApopTag kit) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) were used. In light microscopic observation, the number of atresia of ovarian follicles were increased significantly at 6h after irradiation (p<0.01). There was no significant difference between 4 Gy and 8 Gy irradiated groups. In TEM observation, granulosa cells in radio-sensitive follicles were characterized by several structural features including condensation of nuclear chromatin granules, nuclear fragmentation and apoptotic body formation. An apoptotic cell is observed to have been phagocytosed by a normal granulosa cell. Granulosa cells in radio-resistant follicles were characterized by several structural features including nuclear indentation, partial condensation of chromatin granules, mitochondrial swelling, dilatation of RER cisterns, accumulation of dense irregular masses, accumulation of lipid droplets, and increased lysosomal bodies. Number of gap junctions between granulosa cells were decreased, and intercellular space were widen than that of control animals. These findings were prominent at 6h after irradiation and were diminished at 12h and 24h after irradiation. With these results, it was concluded that radiation-induced follicular cell apoptosis and ovarian follicular atresia in rat ovary increased considerably at 6h after irradiation. Further studies are needed to reveal the more extensive differences between radiosensitive and radioresistant follicular granulosa cells.

National Security Policies : Reciprocity in South Korean Security Policy Vis-a-vis North Korea and the United States

김영근 ( Young Geun Kim ) 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2013 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.37 No.2

I review the principle of reciprocity in South Korean security policy with regard to North Korea and the United States and analyze how the principle fits with US security policy concerning South Korea. Diffuse reciprocity shaped Korean security policy starting with President Kim Dae-jung`s Sunshine Policy. The Lee Myung-bak government`s hard-line approach increased military tension and economic anxiety on the peninsula. The new South Korean government under Park Geun-hye should devise achievable policy measures rather than place excessive pressure or unrealistic demands on North Korea.

딤플을 적용한 평판에 대한 항력 감소 연구

백부근(Bu-Geun Paik),편영식(Young-Sik Pyun),김준형(Jun-Hyung Kim),김경열(Kyung-Youl Kim),김기섭(Kim1 ?Ki-Sup),정철민(Chul-Min Jung),김찬기(Chan-Ki Kim) 대한조선학회 2012 大韓造船學會 論文集 Vol.49 No.4

인삼 선발계통의 지역적응성 검정

Bong Jae Seong,Sun Ick Kim,Ka Soon Lee,Moo Geun Jee,Su Dong Kim,A Reum Kwon,Hyun Ho Kim1,Young Chang Kim 한국약용작물학회 2017 한국약용작물학술대회 발표집 Vol.2017 No.05

Background : For cultivation of varieties of ginseng, the pure line selection method, which is to select the best among those cultivated in farms for pedigree breeding, replicated yield trials and regional adaptation trials before registering as a new variety, is widely used. Although there are 25 registered varieties of ginseng in Korea, the quality of ginseng is declining together with the amount of harvest being decreased by 15 - 20% due to the heat injuries and diseases from the warming & abnormal climate. Thus, the needs for development of disaster-resistant varieties with better chances of surviving through high temperature, salts and disease are increasing. Therefore, this study is to cultivate disaster-resistant varieties among those selected for their disaster tolerance and salt tolerance through regional adaptation trials. Methods and Results : As a result of examining the growth characteristics of the selected 2 - 5 year old varieties used in the study, among the 5-year old crops, Goryeo 4 and Eumseong 5 showed superior growth in both above and below aerial parts, and among the 4-year old crops, Eumseong 11 and Cheonryang showed superior growth while the growth in the below aerial parts were satisfactory in the order of Cheonryang > Eumseong 10 > Eumseong 11 > Eumseong 9. Among the 3-year old crops, the most superior growth in both above and below aerial parts was observed in Eumseong 14 with the weight of the below aerial part, root diameter and taproot length at 13.8 g, 11.8 ㎝ and 6.2 ㎝ respectively. Among the 2-year old crops, Eumseong 10 showed the most superior growth in both above and below aerial parts. Conclusion : Based on the above results, Goryeo 4 and Eumseong 5 among the 5-year old crops, Eumseong 11 among the 4-year old crops, Eumseong 14 among the 3-year old crops and Eumseon 10 among the 2-year old crops showed the most superior growth among the selected varieties. The growth characteristics of both above and below aerial parts in each year will continuously be monitored.

Real-World National Colonoscopy Volume in Korea: A Nationwide Population-Based Study over 12 Years

Jae Myung Cha,Min Seob Kwak,Hyun-Soo Kim,Su Young Kim,Sohee Park,Geun U Park,Jung Kuk Lee,Soo Jin Kim,Hun Hee Lee,Joo Sung Kim,Won Ho Kim,Big Data Research Group of the Korean Society of Gastroenterol 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2020 Gut and Liver Vol.14 No.3

Background/Aims: Little is known about the national colonoscopy volume in Asian countries. This study aimed to assess the national colonoscopy volume in Korea over a 12-year period on the basis of a nationwide population-based database. Methods: We conducted a population-based study for colonoscopy claims (14,511,158 colonoscopies performed on 13,219,781 patients) on the basis of the Korean National Health Insurance Service database from 2002 to 2013. The 12-year national colonoscopy burden was analyzed according to patient age, patient sex, and healthcare facility type. Results: The overall volume of colonoscopy increased 8-fold over the 12-year period. The annual colonoscopic polypectomy rate significantly increased in all patient sex and age groups over the 12-years period (all p<0.001). The yearly colonoscopic polypectomy rate for men was significantly increased compared with that for women (2.3% vs 1.7%, p<0.001) and for the screening-age group compared with that for the young-age group (2.0% vs 1.6%, p<0.001). The yearly colonoscopic polypectomy rate relative to the total colonoscopy volume significantly increased in primary, secondary, and tertiary facilities by 2.4%, 1.9%, and 1.4% during the 12-year period (all p<0.001). In addition, the annual colonoscopy volume covered by high-volume facilities significantly increased by 1.8% in primary healthcare facilities over the 12-year period (p<0.001). Conclusions: Healthcare resources should be prioritized to allow adequate colonoscopic capacity, especially for men, individuals in the screening-age group, and at primary healthcare facilities. Cost-effective strategies to improve the quality of colonoscopy may focus on primary healthcare facilities and high-volume facilities in Korea.

대구지역 관광정보시스템의 개발에 관한 연구

김영문,안봉근 啓明大學校 産業經營硏究所 1998 經營經濟 Vol.31 No.1

본 연구에서는 대구지역에 산재하고 있는 관광자원을 체계적으로 홍보하기 위한 인터넷 관광정보시스템을 개발하였다. 인터넷 관광정보시스템은 HTML과 JAVASCRIPT를 이용하여 개발하였으며, 각 관광지에 대하여 이미지 정보와 텍스트 정보를 효과적으로 제공하려고 노력하였다. 이러한 연구의 목적을 효과적으로 달성하기 위하여 첫째로 현재 대구지역의 관광정보를 제공하는 인터넷 웹 사이트에 대한 조사 및 분석을 실시하였다. 특히 영남대학교 홈 페이지, 대구광역시청의 홈 페이지, 그리고 대구넷의 관광정보를 조사. 분석하였으며, 기존 관광정보시스템의 문제점도 제시하였다. 둘째, 개발방법 및 범위로서 자료수집의 범위, 자료수집 기간 및 방법, 그리고 개발도구 및 방법에 대하여 논하였다. 먼저 자료를 수집하기 위하여 대구를 다음과 같이 5개의 권역으로 세분하였다. (1) 팔공산/동촌권 (2) 두류/성서권 (3) 비슬산/화원권 (4) 앞산/가창권 (5) 도심권 5개의 권역에 대하여 7개 관광루트로 세분하여 구체적인 관광정보를 수집하였다. (1) 종교관광루트 (2) 역사/문화관광루트 (3) 스포츠관광루트 (4) 산업관광루트 (5) 위락/휴양관광루트 (6) 산악탐방관광루트 (7) 쇼핑/식도락관광루트 또한, 관광객들이 대구지역의 관광지를 방문하는데 있어서 필요한 제반 부대정보를 다음과 같이 세분하여 수집하였다. (1) 관광호텔 (2) 관광여행사 (3) 렌트카 (4) 교통정보(시외버스, 고속버스, 열차, 비행기) (5) 식당(관광극장식당, 외국인전용 유흥음식점, 전문관광식당, 일반관광식당) 한편, 대구지역 관광정보에 관한 자료는 1997년 2월부터 9월까지 수집되었다. 본 연구에서 필요한 자료를 수집하기 위하여 첫째로 대구시 및 7개 구청의 관광과 및 관광관련 부서를 직접방문하였다. 둘째, 동대구역을 비롯한 관광안내소 및 여행사 등을 직접방문하였다. 셋째, 부족한 자료는 관광지를 직접 방문하여 사진을 찍고, 텍스트 정보를 수집하였다. 즉, 본 연구에서는 1차적인 자료와 2차적인 자료를 골고루 활용하였다. 셋째, 대구지역 관광정보시스템의 개발로서 개발된 관광정보시스템의 내용 및 범위에 대하여 구체적으로 언급하고, 인터넷 환경에서 실행되는 화면을 보여주었다. 끝으로 본 연구를 요약하고, 연구의 한계 및 향후 연구방향에 대하여 언급하였다. 본 논문에서 개발한 대구지역 관광정보시스템은 기존의 관광정보시스템에 비하여 다음과 같은 장점이 있다. 첫째, 수집된 정보의 범위와 양이 기존의 정보시스템에 비하여 매우 넓고, 많다고 할 수 있다. 둘째, 기존의 관광정보시스템이 단순히 관광지의 사진(이미지)과 설명만을 제공하는데 비하여 (1) 찾아가는 방법, (2) 전화번호, (3) 요금 및 관람시간 관련 정보 등도 제공하고 있다는 것이다. 셋째, 관광객들이 편안하고 안락하게 관광을 할 수 있도록 관광호텔, 관광여행사, 렌트카, 교통 및 관광식당 등의 관광지원정보를 자세한 정보도 제공하고 있다. 이러한 본 연구의 노력에도 불구하고 다음과 같은 한계가 있으며, 이러한 한계점은 향후 연구의 과제가 될 수 있을 것이다. 첫째, 본 연구에서는 상용 데이타베이스를 사용하지 않았다. 따라서 검색기능을 제공하지 못하고 있다. 둘째, 본 연구에서 개발한 대구지역 관광정보시스템은 텍스트 및 이미지 정보만을 제공하며, 동화상 및 음성정보를 제공하지 못하는 한계가 있다. 셋째, 앞에서 이미 언급했듯이 한글정보만을 제공하며 영문 혹은 일어의 관광정보를 제공하지 못하고 있다. 본 연구와 관련하여 한국과 일본의 학자간에 다양한 토론이 있었으며, 주요 내용은 다음과 같다. 문1) 대구지역 관광정보를 개발하여 인터넷을 통하여 제공한다면 관광객이 덜 오지 않겠는가? 굳이 인터넷을 통하여 제공할 필요가 있는가? 답) 개발된 관광정보시스템을 인터넷을 통하여 제공함으로써 국내외의 관광객들에게 대구지역을 더욱 더 알릴 수 있는 기회를 제공할 것이다. 또한 관광정보시스템은 초중고등학교 및 관광종사원을 위한 교육목적으로도 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다. 문2) 현재는 한글로만 개발되어 있는데, 향후 발전방향은 무엇인가? 답2) 향후 영어 및 일어로도 개발되어야 할 것으로 판단된다. 이를 위해서는 대구시와의 긴밀한 협조가 필요할 것으로 판단된다. The main purpose of this paper is to develop a tourist information system for Taegu area in Korea. A tourist information system was developed using hyper text markup language(HTML) and Javascript. To accomplish the purpose of this paper effectively and efficiently, first of all, previous tourist information systems for Taegu were investigated and analyzed with following homegaes. (1) Internet homepage of Yeungnam university (2) Internet homepage of Taegu metropolitan city (3) Internet homepage of Taegu-Net Second, development methods and ranges were discussed with the following topics: (1) data collection areas, (2) data collection time and methods, and (3) development tools and methods. Third, development of tourist information system was discussed with following topics: (1) contents and ranges of a tourist information system, and (2) running of tourist information system for Taegu. The future research areas and directions were suggested. First of all, a tourist information system should be developed using English as well as Korean. Second, the tourist information system deveoped in this paper did not use database. So, database such as SQL Server can be very useful for the future development. Third, area maps should be used frequently for the tourists who are not familiar with Taegu area.

DSA영상에 나타난 Window width 효과와 검출능에 관한 연구

김영근,지연상 광주보건대학 1995 論文集 Vol.20 No.-

DSA has been evaluated in various of exposure dose, diameter of the artificial vessel and concentration of the C.M in artificial vessel, variable of I.I size. The results obtained are as follows ; 1. So variation of incident dosc in I.I for the effects of window width for increased contrast detection than the large of artificial vessel. 2. So variation of concentration of the C.M in the effects of window width were nothing the contrast detection of lowest incident dose level, and developed at the contrast detection for increased in incident dose. 3. When the I.I size is 12" & 9", the effect of window width showed the contrast detection of lowest density region and developing the rather 9" then 12".