CALPUFF model과 ISCST3 model을 이용한 악취모델링 기법 연구

구윤서,김성태,김용규,송선호 안양대학교 산업기술연구소 2002 自然科學硏究 Vol.9 No.-

악취는 인간의 후각기관에 의해 감지되기 때문에, 대상 지역의 평균농도(Average Concentration) 보다는 악취의 특성상 순간적인 농도인 첨두농도(Peak Concentration)가 중요한 의미를 갖는다. 따라서 이것을 모델링에 적용하기에는 많은 어려움이 있다. 이를 해결하는 것이 이 연구의 주된 과제라 할 수 있다. 현재 국내에서 환경영향평가에 많이 사용되고 있는 ISCST3 Model (Industrial Source Complex Short Term 3 Model)과 CALPUFF Model (California Puff Model)을 사용하여 첨두농도(Peak Concentration)를 고려한 관능악취도(Odor Intensity)를 두 가지 방법으로 산정 하였다. 첫 번째로는 오염원에서 배출되는 물질의 농도를 이용하는 방법과 다른 하나는 종합악취도 개념으로 악취농도(Odor Concentration)를 이용하여 관능악취도를 산정하는 것이다. 위의 두 가지 방법을 ISCST3 Model과 CALPUFF Model에 적용하여 모델링을 수행한 후 나온 기여농도를 첨두농도로 환산한 후 관능악취도를 계산하였다. 이와 같은 이론 배경을 바탕으로 현장 적용성을 파악하기 위해서 수도권매립장의 한 지점에서 가상의 가스배제공이 있다고 가정하고, ISCST3 Model과 CALPUFF Model에 동일한 조건으로 모델링을 수행하여 매립장 주변에 미치는 관능악취도를 각각 산출해 비교 검토하였다. 그 결과 두 모델에서의 차이는 크지 않았으나 기여농도와 첨두농도 사이에는 상당한 차이를 보였다. 결과적으로 악취모델링을 수행함에 있어서 기여농도만을 고려하는 것은 관능악취도를 과소평가 할 우려가 있으므로 배출원 특성을 고려한 첨두농도로 관능악취도를 평가하는 것이 타당하다고 판단된다. In order to manage the odor related public complains effectively, the estimation of peak ground-level concentration which is capable of predicting the intermittent maximum response less than 10 seconds is very important. However, peak rather than 3 minute or 1 hour average concentrations are not easily predicted by current air dispersion models such as SCST3 (Industrial Source Complex Short Term - version 3) and CALPUFF (CALifornia Puff) models. According to the field and wind tunnel measurements, the intensity of the peak concentration depends on the emission source type, downwind distance and atmospheric stability. The odor modeling methods to predict the peak concentration were reviewed and the detailed procedure for the odor modeling was explained in this study. In order to compare the conventional air dispersion models with the oder models, the odor concentrations with various modeling techniques under the identical emission and meterological conditions were calculated. The peak concentration shows highest value than the 3 minutes or 1 hour average concentrations. The predicted odor concentrations by the CALPUFF model are higher than those predicted by the ISCST3 model since the CALPUFF model reflects the time-dependent movement of the plume. It is recommended that using the peak concentration with the CALPUFF model rather than 3 minutes or 1 hour average concentrations is more reasonable approaches to manage the odor problems.

디지탈 영상처리를 위한 데이타 취득 시스템에 관한 연구

박규태,진용옥,김장복,박명구,신태민,김한주 연세대학교 산업기술연구소 1983 논문집 Vol.15 No.2

A computer vision system for recognition and processing any visible objects is designed. Analog video images are digitized and stored in the internal memory of a microcomputer system and these digitized data are output through a bit-image printer. The kirsch edge operator is used for the processing. In order to compare the result of Kirsch edge enhancement, two images "a Man" and "a figure" are tested. Because of the limitations of the speed of A/D converter and the capacity of internal memory, the operation of the system is a still-picture mode. Upper 4 bit date of the memory are used for printing out the image, so as to the gray levels are sixteen. The output size of the bit-image printer is 120x120, and 2 horizontal lines are printed simultaneously per 1 carriage return because the printer has a 8 pin head. The system is designed to have compatibility with any microcomputer system which has a S-100 bus structure.

댐 건설전후 유역의 장기유출특성변화의 분석 : I.GIS를 이용한 NWS-PC 모형의 매개변수 추정

윤용남,유철상,안재현,양인태,고덕구 江原大學校 附設 環境硏究所 1998 環境硏究 Vol.15 No.-

본 연구에는 CIS를 이용하여 장기유출 해석 모형의 하나인 NWS-PC모형의 매개변수를 얼마나 적절히 추정할 수 있는가에 대해 알아보았다. 수치표고모형, 수치토양도 및 인공위성영상을 분석하여 얻은 토지이용도 등을 기본 자료로 이용하였고 소유역별 특성값을 GIS를 이용하여 추출하였다. 이러한 특성치들은 Amstrong(1978)에 의거하여 소유역별 모형의 매개변수를 추정하는데 직접이용된다. NWS-PC 모형의 경우 추정된 매개변수는 가능한 값의 범위로 주 This study is to see how effectively the NWS-PC model parameters can be estimated using GIS. Basic informations such as DEM(Digital Elevation Model) ,digital soil map, land use information from satellite image are provided and analyzed for estimating the sub-basin characteristics in GIS. These charcateristics are used to estimate the model parameters for each sub-basin. The model parameters estimated based on Amstrong(1978) are given as a possible range, which will be fixed through the calibration procedure. In this study, we used the1974 data for calibration and the 1979 event for verification. From the calibration procedure, we could find that the parameters related with infiltration and water tend to have the minimum value of the range and that the parameters related with exfiltration of water tend to have the maximum value of the range This result seem to reflect the hydrologic characteristics of Keum-river basin, which could be used to fix the model parameter without difficult calibration procedure. The simulation results show that the relative error of calculated discharge to observed discharge to be within approximately 10% . Therefore, the model with the parameters calibrated was considered to be adaptable for long-term runoff analysisf or Keum-river basin.

급성 심근경색 초기에 도플러 심초음파를 이용한 좌심실 이완기 기능의 평가

신원용,김주성,김철현,이광희,최태명,현민수,김성구,권영주 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2000 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.6 No.1

Background : Congestive heart failure after acute myocardial infarction relate to left ventricular systolic sysfunction. Also, left ventricular diastolic function contribute to heart failure. The aims of this study were, firstly to characterize left ventricular diastolic function by transmitral flow velocity, and secondly to study the significance of Doppler measurements in relation to the development of heart failure in the early phase of myocardial infarction. Method : Pulsed Doppler echocardiography of transmitral flow was assessed in 34 patients with acute myocardial infarction. According to the Doppler transmitral flwo velocity profile, the study patients were assigned to the three groups: normal filling pattern (DT > 140ms, IVRT < 100ms), relaxation abnormality (DT > 140ms, IVRT ≥ 100ms), pseudonormal or restrictive pattern (DT ≤ 140ms). Also, on the basis of the presence of heart failure during first week of hospitalization, the patients were divided into two groups: patients with no sign of heart failure (Killip class Ⅰ) and heart failure (Killip class Ⅱ-Ⅳ). Results : Of the 34 patients studied, 10(29%) were normal filling pattern, 17(50%) abnormal relaxation and 7(21%) were restrictive patterns. The left ventricular ejection fraction(EF, 40 ±6%) of restrictive pattern was significantly lower than that of normal filling pattern of abnormal relaxation(p < 0.01). And, the IVRT, DT, E/A and left ventricular EF were reduced in patients with heart failure(14 patients) compared to no sign of heart failure(20 patients)(p<0.05). Of the patients with heart failure, IVRT and left ventricular EF were reduced in patients with DT≤140 ms compared to DT> 140ms(p=0.001). Conclusion : Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction is present early after onset of symptoms of acute myocardial infarction. Assessment of left ventricular diastolic function complements measurements of systolic function in the evaluation of cardiac function. DT, IVRT, E/A and left ventricular EF are useful predictors for development of congestive heart failure following acute myocardial infarction.

알쯔하이머병의 단일 광전자 방출 뇌전산화 촬영에서 전형적인 유형과 관계를 보이는 요인

곽용태,한일우,방오영,박찬희,구민성 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.3

연구목적 : 최근 기능적 영상진단의 발전은 치매 환자의 진단에 많은 도움을 주고 있으며 이중 단일광자방출전산화단층촬영(SPECT ; single photon emission computed tomography)은 알쯔하이머 병의 특징적인 양측 두정측두엽의 혈류 감소를 보이므로 알쯔하이머 병의 진단에 많이 사용되어지고 있다. 본 연구는 알쯔하이머병의 SPECT 소견을 분석함으로써 알쯔하이머병의 진단에 있어서 SPECT 검사의 유용성 및 알쯔하이머병에서 전형적인 유형에 영향을 미치는 요인이 무엇인지를 규명한다. 방 법 : NINCDS-ADRDA진단 기준에 의거한 probable AD환자 26명을 대상으로 SPECT 검사를 시행하였으며 이중 14명은 전형적인 SPECT 소견을 보였으며 나머지 12명은 비전형적인 SPECT소견을 보였다. 치매의 정도는 Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE)에 의하여 결정하였고 SPECT소견은 2명의 핵의학과 전문의의 합의에 의하여 정성적으로 판독하여 분석하였다. SPECT의 전형적인 소견과 연관이 있는 요소들을 확인하기 위하여 판별함수분석을 시행하였다. 결 과 : 알쯔하이머 환자에서 SPECT의 민감도는 53.8%이며, 조기 발병군의 경우에는 민감도가 76.9%이었다. 알쯔하이머의 전형적인 형태인 양측성 두정측두엽에 혈류량이 감소한 경우는 조기 발병군에서 유의하게 관찰되었으며, 이외에 이환기간, 교육정도, 성,병의 진행정도, 아포지단백E등은 유의한 연관성이 없었다. 결 론 : SPECT검사의 민감도는 높지 않으나 이를 조기 발병군에서만 적용하였을 경우 그 임상적 유용성이 높을 것으로 생각되며 조기 발병군에서 SPECT검사의 민감도가 만기 발병군에 비하여 유의하게 높은 것으로 보아 알쯔하이머병이 단일하지 않고 이질적인 집단의 증후군일 가능성이 높을 것으로 생각된다. 즉 SPECT검사가 알쯔하이머병의 진단뿐 아니라 병태생리적 기전의 이해에 도움이 될 것으로 생각되며 앞으로 정량화와 많은 중례를 확보하여 이에 대하여 좀더 규명할 필요가 있을 것으로 생각된다. Objectives : During the past few years, the development of functional brain imaging techniques has allowed to describe brain impairment in cognitive disorders. Among them, based on the observation of bilateral parietotemporal hypoperfusion in Alzheimer's disease(AD), single photon emission computed tomography(SPECT) is advocated by some as powerful diagnostic tool in the evaluation of demented patients. The aim of this study is to investigate the usefulness of SPECT in the diagnosis of AD and to clarify the associated factors of parietotemporal hypoperfusion, the typical SPECT pattern of Alzheimer's disease(AD). Methods : We reviewed the SPECT scans of 26 patients fulfilling NINCDS-ADRDA criteria for probable AD, 14 with typical pattern of SPECT and 12 with atypical pattern of SPECT. Dementia severity was assessed by the Mini-Mental State Examination. Inage interpretation was done visually by the consensus opinion of 2 experienced nuclear medicine physicians who were blind to clinical information. To estimate the association of typical pattern of SPECT with other variables of interest, discriminant function analysis was done. Results : Though the overall diagnostic sensitivity of SPECT in AD was 53.8%, it was 76.9%, in early-onset AD patients. Typical pattern of SPECT was more frequent in the patients with early onset on the symptoms. Duration of symptoms, duration of education, se, severity of disease was not associated with this SPECT pattern. Conclusion : These findings may be useful in the clinical setting and point to heterogeneity of AD according to age at onset.

만성 심부전 환자에서의 Denopamine 투여효과

최석구,김현대,정태기,김대현,김용복,유원상 인제대학교 1994 仁濟醫學 Vol.15 No.2

만성 심부전 환자에게 새로운 경구용 비 digitalis 강심제인 denopamine 1T(5mg)을 1일 3회 3개월간 투여하여 그 유효성 및 안전성을 검토했다. Background : Patients with congestive heart failure have a high mortality rate and are also hospitalized frequently. We studied the effects of a new oral inotrophic agent, denopamine in patients with chronic heart failure. Methods : 16 patients receiving conventional treatments for heart failure were treat ed with denopamine 5mg tad for at shortest 3 months. Their history were taken and the physical examination, general laboratory test and the echocardiographic examination were done before and after treatment. Results: There were 3 deaths and 1 withdrawal because of worsening heart failure. 5 patients (42%) among 12 patients showed the improvement in their subjective symptoms. The fractional shortening and ejection fraction of the left ventricle were increased by 3.2% and 5.6% respectively in their absolute values. Conclusion : The addition of denopamine to conventional therapy considerably improved the subjective symptoms and the left ventricular function in the limited number of patients with chronic heart failure.

Radiocobalt의 體內 汚染에 對한 除染效果

정인용,정현우,김태환,진수일,윤택구 대한방사선 방어학회 1988 방사선방어학회지 Vol.13 No.1

국내 原子力 産業의 施設增大로 放射線核種汚染의 가능성이 날로 증가되고 있음에도 불구하고 종사자 및 인근주민에 대한 診療對策에 관한 연구가 전무한 실정에 있어 이에 대한 기초자려마련의 일환인 應急處置方案을 수립코자 58CoCl2 1μCi를 마우스 (NIH-(GP))의 腹腔內에 投與한 후 CoNa3 DTPA 8.4mg/0.2ml saline, CoNa3 DTPA 8.4mg/0.2ml saline, saline 5ml등을 각각 投與하였으며, cobalt의 全身殘存量, 體內分布 및 尿內 含有된 量을 測定하기 위해 投與 後 4, 8, 12, 48시간, 그리고 7일에 MCA의 Ge-detector로 放射能을 計測하였고, 또한 각 實質臟器內 殘存된 cobalt의 放射能을 測定하기 위하여 각 group당 6마리의 마우스를 屠殺解體하여 測定하였던바 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. CoNa3 DTPA 處置群에서는 汚染된 放射性 cobalt의 全身殘存率의 減少 및 排泄率 增加에 유효한 效果가 있었으며, system contamination에 대한 방어효과는 CoNa3 DTPA, CoNa3 DTPA 그리고 saline 順으로 유효하였다. 결론적으로 본 실험결과로 볼 때 放射性 cobalt의 體內汚染에 대한 緊扱措置는 CoNa3 DTPA와 다량의 물을 동시에 投與함으로써 體內汚染된 放射性 cobalt의 排泄을 促進시킬 것으로 사료된다. In case of the acute intake of radionuclide, an early medical treatment may be necessary, but the little is established the procedures to decontaminate the victims of internal contamination in Korea. The purpose of the present investigation is to study chemical agents to remove radiocobalt from the victims and to provide a more reliable procedure for the treatment. The removals of radiocobalt from the NIH-(GP)mice injected intraperitoneally with lμCi of 58Co as CoCl2 were investigated with doses of either CaNa3 DTPA 8.4mg/0.2ml saline, CoNa3 DTPA 8.4mg/0.2ml saline, or saline 5ml. The radioactivity was determined by MCA and Ge-detector on 4, 8, 12, 48 hours and 7 days for the whole body, organ distribution and urine excretion. Six mice per each group were sacrificed for the measurement of cobalt retention in the parenchymal tissue. The cobalt trisodium chelate had a pronounced effect on reducing the whole body retention and increasing the excretion rate. Regarding to the systemic protective effects, CoNa3 DTPA, CaNa3 DTPA and saline were effected significantly in order. In conclusion, the extrapolations from these results to human were suggested that the rapid administration of cobalt trisodium chelate and an amount of saline to the contaminated person after internal contamination of radiocobalt were markedly increasing the decontamination effects.

不合格 製品을 再加工하거나 割引販賣하는 生産工程에 대한 工程平均의 經濟的 決定

이민구,최인수,하태용 한국품질경영학회 1998 품질경영학회지 Vol.26 No.3

The problem of selecting optimal target values for the mean of the quality characteristic of interest for a production process in which an item is sold in one of two market with different profit / cost structures or reworked. Two profit models are constructed which involve four profit / cost components: profit, production, inspection, and rework costs. Assumed that the quality characteristic of interest is normally distributed, methods of finding the most profitable process mean are presented and a numerical example is given.

太子蔘의 造血作用에 對한 實驗的 硏究

徐榮培,李龍求,李永喆,李太元 대한본초학회 2002 大韓本草學會誌 Vol.17 No.1

In order to investigate the hematopoietic effects of Pseudostellariae Radix various experiment about hematopoiesis were studied. The results were obtained as follows: 1. In the proliferous effect of bone marrow cells, water extracts of Pseudostellariae Radix played an important role on the proliferating bone marrow cells compared with control group. 2. The water extracts of Pseudostellariae Radix activated the bone marrow cells. 3. The water extracts of Pseudostellariae Radix promoted the proliferation of the bone marrow cells into cluster, BFU-E, CFU-GEMM. 4. In the bone marrow cells treated with CTX, the water extracts of Pseudostellariae Radix promoted the SCF, EPO, IL-4, IL-6 gene expression, but gene expression of its receptors, c-kit, EPO-R, TPO, c-mpl, EKLF, GATA-1 were not promoted significantly. According to the above results, water extracts of Pseudostellariae Radix promoted not only the differentiation of the bone marrow cells into CFU-GEMM which mother cell of erythrocytes, thrombocytes, monocytes and macrophages, but also the differentiation of the bone marrow cells into BFU-E. On the other hand, in the gene expression that have a lot of hematopoietic effects in the early differentiation of haematopoietic stem cells by promoting the gene expression of SCF, EPO, IL-4, IL-6 and so forth. Above results also demonstrates that the water extracts of Pseudostellariae Radix have somewhat meaningful effects in hematogenesis but not sufficient to explain its mechanisms about hematogenesis, therefore further deep studies should be accomplished about its mechanisms.

허혈성 심질환에 있어서 아데노신 급속 정맥투여후 관동맥압의 변화에 관한 연구

봉종대,오종용,배성한,신원용,김철현,이광희,최태명,현민수,김성구,권영주 순천향의학연구소 1998 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.4 No.2

Background: Adenosine interacts with A1 receptors present on the extracellular surface of cardiac cells, activating K+channels in a fashion. It produces coronary vasodilatation and AV nodal block. The half-time is one to six second and has ultra-short action. In ischemic heart disease, fractional flow reserve(FFR) can be achieved safely with intravenous adenosine infusions at a rate of 150㎍/kg/min which cause maximal coronary hyperemia. Purpose: We investigated the patients who have had ischemic heart disease(n=8). After adenosine intravenous administration(150㎍/kg/min), the effect cause maximal hyperemia of coronary artery. During peak maximal hyperemia, we reported clinical findings, coronary hemodynamics and electrocardiogram findings. Methods: After diagnostic coronary angiography and left ventriculography, catheter was advanced into the ostium of coronary artery. We investigated coronary hemodynamics such as systolic coronary artery pressure, diastolic coronary artery pressure, mean coronary artery pressure and heart rate. To assess the use of adenosine for determination of fractional flow reserve, hemodynamics and electrocardiogram were measured at basal state and during peak maximal hyperemia. Results: Symptoms developed 1.5-2 minute after adenosine intravenous administration and each symptom disappeared 2-2.5 minute after adenosine administration. Two patients represented asymptomatic appearance and six patients complained of flushing, chest pain, palpitation and headache. In eight patients with ischemic heart disease, 1.5 minute after venous administration of 150㎍/kg/min of adenosine, coronary artery pressure decreased and heart rate increased significantly. Conduction abnormalities after administration of 150㎍/kg/min of adenosine were transient 2nd degree AV block 2 cases(25%). Conclusions: Adenosine is a potent ultra short-acting vasodilator. Although coronary artery pressure decreased and heart rate increased and mild cardiovascular symptoms occurred after continuous infusion of 150㎍/kg/min of adenosine, it is useful as an agent for determination of fractional flow reserve.