Anatomical distribution and detection rate of colorectal neoplasms according to age in the colonoscopic screening of a Korean population

Suk-young Lee,Wan Hee Song,Sang Cheul Oh,Byung-Wook Min,Sun Il Lee 대한외과학회 2018 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.94 No.1

Purpose: Because data as a basis for the determination of proper age and modality for screening of colorectal neoplasms is lacking, we evaluated detection rates and anatomical distribution of colorectal neoplasms according to age in healthy individuals who underwent total colonoscopy for health checkup. Methods: A total of 16,100 cases that had received the colonoscopic examination from January to December in 2014 were analyzed. The total number of individuals who received total colonoscopy were divided by the number of individuals harboring colorectal adenoma to calculate the detection rate of colorectal adenoma. Individuals ≤50 years old were classified as young-age group and aged >50 were old-age group. Differences in anatomical locations of colorectal neoplasms were analyzed in the 2 age groups by chi-square test. Risk factors for colorectal adenoma in each age group were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses. Results: Detection rates of colorectal adenoma were 13.7% in all cases and 12.8% for those in their 40’s. The main anatomical location of colorectal adenoma was proximal colon in both age groups (P < 0.001). Hyperplastic polyp was mainly distributed to the distal colon in both age groups (P < 0.001). Distal colon was the major site for colorectal cancer in the old-age group (P = 0.001). Proximal location of neoplasms was a risk factor for colorectal adenoma in both age groups with multivariate analysis. Conclusion: These data could be the bases for earlier initiation of screening for colorectal neoplasms with total colonoscopy to detect clinically significant colorectal polyps.

工業敎育大學의 實驗實習施設 共同活用 및 運營에 關한 硏究

尹錫天,牟相榮,權五憲,千炳善,周赫鍾,李永臣,金健中,羅聲雄,洪錫雨,吳德成,盧泰天 충남대학교 공업교육연구소 1983 論文集 Vol.6 No.2(A)

The College of Engineering was specialized to have a sole function for supplying technical high school teachers in 1977 and referred to as the College of Industrial Education according to the Government's policy. The economic impact mainly due to the oil-crises caused a severe problem to this college, namely discrepancy of supply to demand scale. Accordingly the number of student enrollment was to be fluctuated from 479 in 1979 through 800 in 1979 and 900 in 1980 to 430 in 1981. And the engineering departments have been attached to this Engineering Education College since 1981. These circumstanses met singnificant inefficiency in facility operation. This program aims at providing an overall relocation of the college facilities and preparing the practical system to make the joint-operation possible taking into account circulation, academic stream, budget, maintenance, etc. However this study could not get optimal spacing but some trade-off, considering the current situation.

1960년대 한국영화와 수치심

오영숙(Young Suk Oh) 한국영화학회 2016 영화연구 Vol.0 No.69

이 글의 일차적인 관심사는 수치심이라는 키워드로 1960년대 한국영화에 드러나는 감정과 마음의 풍경을 읽어내는 일이다. 스크린에 빈번하게 등장하는 수사의 양상과 그 형성 조건에 대해 질문함으로써, 명료한 말이나 담론으로는 표현되기 어려운 복합적인 당대의 대중 감정과 사회적 정서를 기술하고자 한다. 이것이 궁극적으로 지향하는 것은 1960년대의 사회적 감정이자 정신이 된다. 수치심은 1960년대 한국영화 전반에 걸쳐 편재적으로 등장한다. 가족드라마나 통속 신파물과 같은 멜로드라마를 비롯하여 청춘영화와 스릴러, 식민지 경험을 다룬 영화, 한국전쟁에 대한 기억을 담은 모더니즘 계열의 영화, 나아가 계몽적 성격의 영화에 이르기까지, 수치심은 다양한 양상과 수위로 검출된다. 1960년대 초반에 수치심이 주로 멜로드라마적 페이소스를 유발하는 장치로 사용되었다면, 1960년대 중후반으로 갈수록 수치의 양상은 부끄러운 자아의 성찰적인 응시라는 문제로 심화되기도 한다. 또한 수치심에 사로잡힌 주체의 회복되기 힘든 심리적 외상이 강조되거나, 죽음 내지 자살과 같은 자기 파멸적인 행로가 전개되는 특징을 보인다. “아버지는 형무소 살이 하다 죽었고 어머니는 갈보였다.” 1960년대의 대표적인 흥행작이었던 청춘영화 〈맨발의 청춘〉(김기덕, 1964)의 이 대사는 이 시기 멜로드라마에 자주 등장하는 수치심의 기원을 함축적으로 제시한다. 1960년대 영화들에서 유난히 부각되는 이 같은 수치심은, 민족적 역사에서 기인하는 집단적인 수치심과 겹쳐지는 면이 있다. 1960년대는 분단 현실이 실감되면서 식민지 경험과 한국전쟁의 의미에 대한 아픈 인식이 공유되던 때이다. 굴욕적인 한일협정은 신생독립국의 종속적 위치에 대한 실감을 전국민적으로 확대시켰다. 수치의 폭로와 전시는 참담한 현실을 개선할 가능성을 꿈꾸던 상상의 산물이며, 궁극적으로는 자기 성찰의 행위가 될 가능성을 갖는다. 1960년대의 혹독한 검열과 규제 때문에, 한국영화의 대부분이 수치의 근원에 대한 사회적 이해보다는 수치심으로 인한 개인의 내적 고통을 보여주는 것에 머물러 있다는 한계를 갖고 있다. 또한 수치의 진짜 원인과의 만남을 가로막고 근본적인 사고를 어렵게 만드는 물신적 내러티브가 구사되기도 한다. 그럼에도 불구하고 1960년대 영화에서 수치심의 궤적은 탈종속적인 국가의 길을 발견하고자했던 집단적 자의식으로 이해될 여지를 갖는다. 그것은 식민지 시기부터 유예되던 주인의식의 실현 가능성을 상상함으로써, 공론장에서는 발언이 제한되던 사회적 외상을 치유하려던 하나의 시도일 수 있다. The primary concern of this paper is to read out the landscape of a emotion and mind revealed in Korean films in the 1960s using the keyword ‘shame’. This writing is intending to describe complex collective emotions and social sentiments of the time, which were difficult to express through clear words, or discourses, by asking about the aspects of rhetoric frequently appearing on the screen, and the formation condition thereof. What it is aiming for ultimately becomes social emotions, and also spirit in the 1960s. The emotion of shame appears ubiquitously across Korean films in the 1960s. Ranging from youth films, thrillers, films addressing colonial experience, films belonging to the series of modernism including memories of the Korean War, further up to the films of enlightening character including melodramas like family dramas, or common tear-jerking dramas, shame is detected in diverse aspects. If we suppose that in the early 1960s, shame was used to mainly arouse melodramatic pathos, however, the aspect of shame more deepened into the problem of introspective staring of shameful ego as well, especially in the mid & late 1960s. Also, the aspect of a shame shows the characteristics that hardly recoverable scars and trauma of a subject seized with shame are more emphasized, and a self-destructive path of one’s life like death and a suicide is developed. “My dad died in prison, and mom used to be a prostitute.” This line from the youth film 〈The Barefooted Young〉(Directed by Kim, Ki-deok, 1964),which was the representative biggest box-office hit in the 1960s, connotatively suggests the origin of shame which frequently appeared in melodramas during this period. The shame like this, which was played up particularly in the films of the 1960s, overlaps with the collective shame attributable to national history in a sense. The 1960s marks the time when painful perception of the meaning of colonial experience and the Korean War was shared among the people with their realization of the reality of Korean division. The humiliating 1965 treaty between Korea and Japan served to expand the realization of a subordinate position of a newly-independent nation across the entire country. The exposure and display of shame are the products of imagination dreaming of the possibility of improving the horrible reality, and ultimately have the possibility of becoming a self-reflexive behavior. Most of the Korean films have limitations in that they remain at a level of showing an individual’s internal pain due to the shame rather than social understanding of the origin of the shame because of rigorous censorship and regulations in the 1960s. Nevertheless, the path of shame in the films of the 1960s has room for being understood as collective self-consciousness which intended to discover the post-subordinate nation’s path. It could be an attempt at healing social trauma, for which giving a speech was banned in public sphere, by imagining realizability of authentic self-reliance that had been suspended since the colonial days.

Anatomical distribution and detection rate of colorectal neoplasms according to age in the colonoscopic screening of a Korean population

Lee, Suk-young,Song, Wan Hee,Oh, Sang Cheul,Min, Byung-Wook,Lee, Sun Il The Korean Surgical Society 2018 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.94 No.1

<P><B>Purpose</B></P><P>Because data as a basis for the determination of proper age and modality for screening of colorectal neoplasms is lacking, we evaluated detection rates and anatomical distribution of colorectal neoplasms according to age in healthy individuals who underwent total colonoscopy for health checkup.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>A total of 16,100 cases that had received the colonoscopic examination from January to December in 2014 were analyzed. The total number of individuals who received total colonoscopy were divided by the number of individuals harboring colorectal adenoma to calculate the detection rate of colorectal adenoma. Individuals ≤50 years old were classified as young-age group and aged >50 were old-age group. Differences in anatomical locations of colorectal neoplasms were analyzed in the 2 age groups by chi-square test. Risk factors for colorectal adenoma in each age group were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Detection rates of colorectal adenoma were 13.7% in all cases and 12.8% for those in their 40′s. The main anatomical location of colorectal adenoma was proximal colon in both age groups (P < 0.001). Hyperplastic polyp was mainly distributed to the distal colon in both age groups (P < 0.001). Distal colon was the major site for colorectal cancer in the old-age group (P = 0.001). Proximal location of neoplasms was a risk factor for colorectal adenoma in both age groups with multivariate analysis.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>These data could be the bases for earlier initiation of screening for colorectal neoplasms with total colonoscopy to detect clinically significant colorectal polyps.</P>

Protective Effects of Portulaca oleracea L. Extract against Matrix Metalloproteinase Production and Reactive Oxygen Species Generation Induced by Ultraviolet B Radiation in Human Keratinocytes

Jung Hwan Oh(오정환),Fatih Karadeniz(파티 카라데니즈),Jung Im Lee(이정임),So Young Park(박소영),Youngwan Seo(서영완),Chang-Suk Kong(공창숙) 한국생명과학회 2018 생명과학회지 Vol.28 No.8

쇠비름(Portulaca oleracea.L)은 쇠비름과에 속하는 한해살이풀로서 리놀렌산과 같은 불포화지방산, 페놀성 화합물, 플라보노이드, 비타민 C, 미네랄 함량이 높은 것으로 보고되어 있다. 본 연구에서는 쇠비름 추출물을 이용하여 UVB를 조사한 인간각질형성세포에서 광노화 억제능을 확인하였다. Matrix metalloproteinases는 세포의 기질을 분해하는 효소로 MMP-1는 collagenase, MMP-2와 MMP-9는 gelatinases로 피부 진피층을 구성하는 type Ⅰ collagen을 분해시키는데 영향을 미친다. UVB를 조사한 인간각질형성세포에서 쇠비름 추출물을 처리했을 때 MMP-1, -2, -9의 발현이 감소하였으며, type Ⅰ procollagen의 발현은 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 쇠비름 추출물을 처리한 군에서 UV에 의한 ROS 생성이 감소하였는데 이는 Nrf-2의 활성화를 통한 항산화 인자 SOD-1과 OH-1의 발현 증가로 인해 세포내 ROS 생성이 감소한 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 본 연구 결과를 통해 쇠비름 추출물이 UVB를 조사한 인간각질형성세포에서 MMP 인자 및 항산화 인자의 발현 조절을 통해 광노화로부터의 세포 보호능을 가지는 것을 확인하였으며 나아가 화장품 소재로서의 개발 가능성을 확인하였다. Portulaca oleracea L. is an edible plant widely consumed in daily diet throughout Europe, Asia and America. In this study, protective effects of P. oleracea L. extracts against oxidative stress and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity induced by ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation were investigated using HaCaT immortal human keratinocytes. In this context, the mRNA and protein productions of MMPs (MMP-1, -2, and -9) and type I procollagen, which are major markers of photoaging induced by UVB radiation in HaCaT keratinocytes, were evaluated. Furthermore, UVB-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and mRNA and protein expression levels of superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1), oxygenase-1 (OH-1), and nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (Nrf-2), all of which are associated with the antioxidant balance, were investigated. As shown by the results, UVB radiation induced ROS formation and led to increased production of MMPs and decreased collagen production in human keratinocytes, which resulted in skin photoaging or photodamage. The treatment with P. oleracea L. extracts downregulated MMP (MMP-1, -2, and -9) production and upregulated type I procollagen expression in UVB-induced HaCaT cells. Furthermore, treatment with the extracts decreased UVB-induced ROS generation and increased the expression of antioxidant enzymes, such as SOD-1 and OH-1, through the Nrf-2 pathway. Taken together, these results suggest that P. oleracea L. extracts could be a potential cosmeceutical agent for the prevention of skin photoaging or photodamage.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1994)

김재홍,안진균,정성재,김영태,김중환,김시영,이석종,이홍렬,서호석,김경훈,권혁진,정우권,고우석,이용석,안필수,오준규,오용섭 대한화학요법학회 1996 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.14 No.1

Background : In recent years gonorrhoea has been panendemic and remains one of the most common Sexually Transmitted Diseases in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Method : For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria Gonorrhoeae(PPNG), Ive have been trying to study the patients who have visited the VD Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results : In 1994, 168 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 109 (64,9% ) were PPNG. Conclustion : Our results suggests that the prevalence of PPNG in Seoul is still increasing.

악성 질환에서의 고용량 화학요법과 자가말초혈액 조혈모세포이식술 : 단일기관 치료 경험

최정혜,안명주,오호석,이웅수,오석중,이영열,최일영,김인순 대한조혈모세포이식학회 2003 대한조혈모세포이식학회지 Vol.8 No.2

연구배경: 고용량 화학요법은 항암제의 투여 용량에 따라 항암효과가 비례하는 용량반응 관계가 있는 악성종양에서 효과를 기대할 수 있으며 현재 급성백혈병, 악성림프종, 다발성골수종 등의 혈액 종양과 유방암, 고환암, 난소암, 신경아세포종 등의 고형암 환자에서 시행되고 있다. 저자들은 고용량화학요법에 이어 자가조혈모세포이식을 시행 받은 악성 종양 환자를 대상으로 치료효과 및 부작용 등의 임상상을 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 1997년부터 2003년까지 한양대학교 병원에서 자가조혈모세포이식을 시행 받은 악성 종양 환자 31예(남서 : 여성 15 : 16, 중앙연령: 50세, 다발성골수종 14예, 비호지킨림프종 9예, 유방암 4예, 호지킨림프종 3예, 급성골수성백혈병 1예)를 대상으로 후향적 분석을 시행하였다. 결과: 채집된 단핵구의 중앙값은 5.1×10^(8)/kg (범위 1.6~189.3)이었고 CD34양성세포수의 중앙값은 12.0×10^(6)/kg (범위 1.3~75.1)이었다. 말초혈액 과립구가 500/μL 에 도달하는 중앙값은 11일(범위 8~27)이었고 혈소판이 20,000/μL에 도달하는 중앙값은 11일(범위 0~32)이었다. 고용량 항암화학요법 후 21예가 완전관해, 5예가 부분관해에 도달하였다. 생존한 환자의 중앙추적기간은 29.5개월이었고 전체 환자의 2년 무병생존기간은 55.7%이었고 중앙값은 48.2개월이었다. 2년 생존기간은 62.9%이었으며 중앙값에는 도달하지 않았다. 10예의 사망환자 중 7예가 질병의 진행으로 사망하였고, 조기사망 3예(심부전과 신부전 1예, 장파열 1예, 패혈증 1예)가 있었다. 결론: 이 연구는 포함된 환자의 수가 적고 추적기간이 짧은 단점이 있으나, 다발성골수종, 악성림프종 등의 악성 질환에서 고용량 항암화학요법과 자가조혈모세포이식은 안전하고 효과적인 치료임을 추정할 수 있었다. Background: We performed the current study to evaluate the safety and efficacy of high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) with autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (ASCT) in malignant diseases. Methods: Between January 1997 and March 2003, 31 patients (14 multiple myeloma, 9 Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, 3 Hodgkin's disease, 4 breast cancer, and 1 acute myelogenous leukemia) underwent HDC with ASCT. Stem cells were collected by CS-3000 after mobilization treatment with chemotherapy and granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. The conditioning regimens included high-dose melphalan, BEAM (BCNU, etoposide, cytosine arabinoside, melphalan), BEAC (BCNU, etoposide, cytosine arabinoside, cyclophosphamide), CPB (cyclophosphamide, cisplatin, BCNU) and others. Results: There were 15 male and 16 female patients and median age was 50 years (range: 29~77). The median number of mononuclear and CD34+ cells was 5.1×10^(8)/kg (1.6~189.3) and 12.0×10^(6)/kg (1.3~75.1), respectively. The median time of neutrophil (>500/μL) and platelet (>20,000/μL) engraftment was 11 (8~27) and 11 (0~32) days after ASCT, respectively. Twenty-two patients experienced neutropenic fever. Twenty-one patients achieved complete remission and 5 patients achieved partial remission after HDC with ASCT. The median follow-up duration for surviving patients was 29.5 months. Causes of death included disease progression (7), sepsis (1), bowel perforation (1), and renal failure (1). Median progression free survival (PFS) was 48.2 months and median overall survival (OS) was not reached. Two-year PFS and OS was 55.7% and 62.9%, respectively. Conclusion: Our results suggest that HDC with ASCT was safe and effective modality in patients with various malignant diseases.

K-WISC-Ⅲ에 나타난 ADHD 아동의 지능특성

오상우,백영석,강상현 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2008 圓光醫科學 Vol.23 No.1

연구배경: 본 연구의 목적은 K-WISC-III에서 ADHD 아동들의 지능특성이 어떻게 나타나는지를 알아보는 것이다. 연구방법: ADHD로 진단받은 아동 105명이 검사를 받았다. K-WISC-III를 이용한 심리검사가 모든 아동에게 이루어졌다. 그 결과로부터 나온 모든 자료는 군집분석 및 일원변량분석을 통해 분석하였다. 연구결과: 그 결과 군집분석 결과 K-WISC-III 프로파일은 3개의 군집으로 분류되었다. 세 군집들 간의 평균 점수를 변량분석한 결과 K-WISC-III의 소검사 환산점수, 지표지수 및 지능지수 모두 유의미한 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 세 군집 각각 언어성 IQ와 동작성 IQ 간에는 유의미한 차이가 없었다. 군집 1은 전체지능이 평균수준으로 나타났고, 군집 2는 평균하수준으로 나타났으며, 군집 3은 정신지체 수준인 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 본 연구 결과, ADHD 아동의 K-WISC-III 프로파일 유형이 3가지 군집 유형으로 분류될 수 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 결과는 ADHD 집단이 매우 이질적인 집단으로 이루어져 있다는 것을 시사하는 결과이다. Background: The purpose of this study was to find intelligence characteristics of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) on the Korean Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children-Third Edition(K-WISC-III). Methods: Children who were diagnosed as ADHD(N=105) was tested. Psychological test with K-WISC-III was applied to all children. The raw data from the results were analyzed statistically by cluster analysis and one-way ANOVA. Results: The results were as follows. K-WISC-III profile type was classified into three clusters. The comparison of subscales, index quotient(VC, PO, FD, PS) and intelligence quotient(VIQ, PIQ, FIQ) in K-WISC-III among three clusters showed significant differences. There was no significant difference among each three clusters in VIQ and PIQ. Ouster 1 showed average level in FIQ. Cluster 2 showed low average level. Finally, cluster 3 showed mentally deficient level. Conclusion: These results showed that children with ADHD consist of heterogeneous group. Taken together, our findings suggested that K-WISC-III profile type of children with ADHD maybe classified into three clusters

지반반응 곡선을 이용한 터널 해석

오영석,강성민,박용원 명지대학교 대학원 1999 대학원논문집 Vol.3 No.-

In general, the accurate analysis method of stress-strain behaviour of tunnel is not developed yet because of the following difficulties in (1) the estimation of loading conditions around tunnel, (2) the determination of ground-support system interaction. and (3) the selection of relative ground material properties. In NATM, these problem can be complemented by design modification during tunnel excavation. In this study, two FORTRAN programs based upon ground response curve are developed for the estimation of the tunnel crown deformation. And the results are compared with FLAC analysis results. As a results of the study, the ground response curve analysis method using FORTRAN programs are recommended for the simple circular tunnel in homogeneous ground.

브랜딩 아로마 에센셜오일의 항스트레스효과에 대한 실험연구

오홍근,최진영,전겸구,이준석,박동기,최성돈,전태일,김미경,김석범 한국정신과학학회 2001 한국정신과학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.14 No.-

Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the antistress effects of two aromatic blends being composed of synergic essential oils and also to differentiate its effectiveness between two. Methods: The subject were 20(10 for men, 10 for women) for vital factors and another 20(10 for mem, 10 for women) for serum catecholamine. Vital factors(blood pressure, pulse), electroencephalograpy, psychological tests(SACL, STAI) and serum catecholamine were applied to the subjects. Results: 1. All two aromatic synergic blends revealed no significant differnce of vital factors after inhalation but stable conditions generally by lowering pulse and blood pressure after inhalation. 2. Both blends were significantly valuable in antianxiety and antistress effects statistically. There were no statistically difference between two blends. 3. There were no significant difference in all brain waves after inhalation of two blends but generally stable brain waves were seen in all areas. 4. There were antistress effects of both blends in accordance of decreased serum catecholamines after inhalation of both blends. There were no significantly difference between two blends statistically. Conclusion: Both two aromatic synergic blends reached effective antistress and antianxiety states after inhalation of each blends. There were no siginificant difference between two blends. Further studies about the effectiveness between the amount of aromatic essential oils and the duration of inhalation should be considered. Also clinical applications of these two aromatic synergic blending oils to develop the aromatic products would be affordable in the future.