Corporate Social Responsibility for Korean firms in China

Lim, Suk-Jun 東亞大學校 社會科學大學 2004 사회과학논집 Vol.23 No.1

虽然图廉价劳动力而走向中国的韩国企业逐渐增加,但因在当地殘酷及不当的劳务管理使韩国企业背上了‘老资纠纷占第一'的黑名。韩国企业纠纷格外多的原因中, 走向海外的企业集中在劳务聚集型产业是原因之一,更主要的原因是韩国企执迷于短期利益而回避对工作环境的投资,无视当地语言和文化传统, 熟于韩国式的管理技巧的原因。那么, 走向海外的韩国企业成为'健全企业市民(good corporate citizenship'的战略是什么呢? 对走向发展中国家的"先进"企业, 强制社会性責任的运动是以市民团体为中心组成的。发达国家市民团体是通过实行不买全球性企业商品的运及通过大众媒体打击企业形象的努力, 加强了全球性企业对社会的責任。但是, 沿袭发达国家市民团体的战略对促进韩国企业的社会性責任是有极限性的。其原因是 第一, 不同于可数发达国家的企业存在剝削工厂(sweatshop)问题的韩国中小企业, 大部分主要生产睫毛, 皮包, 仮发等 无品牌印象的产品, 所以損仿名誉(reputational risk)的战略不会有效果。第二, 因集中在劳动聚集型的韩国企业是以价格为基础展开激烈的生存竞争的, 所以对于执迷于短期性角度的企业业主来说, 觉得企业对社会責任的问题是"不必要的費用(unnecessary cost)"。着眼于这种韩国企业的特殊情況,本研究在于转变企业对社会責任的认识。即, 介紹通过改善因韩国制鞋产业的剝削工厂烙印而经历的困难及企业的社会性所实现的提高形象及增加利润, 使企业对社会性責任吝裔的短期目光转变成"长远看有助于企业生产"的观点。本研究的创议性在于实现走向海外的中小制造企业社会責任的方法中,志向已有市民团体通过媒体揭穿的战略,宣扬处在类似立场上的制鞋产业的肯定事例("Accentuating the Positives").迂回性的达到企业社会性責任的研究设计中.

EPOXY-炭素 纖維 複合 材料 硬化構造 硏究

全昌林,權奭基 홍익대학교 산업기술연구소 1993 産業技術 Vol.2 No.-

Fiber reinforced composite materials have been used in wide application field ; air and marine craft fabrication, sports googs, and the other industral structures and instruments, because of their excellent mechanical strength with their light weight. The carbon fiber-epoxy composites have been used very widly with their high modulus and their relatively low price of fabrication. Epoxy resin is one of thermosetting plastics, so, the various processes of curing sharply affect the mechanical properties of the result composite materials. In this report, the samples manufactured with various curing processes are analyzed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry, Thermogravimetric Analysis, Izod Impact Strength Test and so on. In the process of curing, because the viscosity of the system is very sharply rise up on the progress of curing, it must not attain completely cured state. In this study, the two step curing process is detected more effective ; first step curing executed at relative low temperature and second step of post-curing at high temperature.

윤리가 여행을 떠날 때 : 기업의 사회적 책임과 초국적 민간 거버넌스의 등장

임석준 동아대학교 동아시아연구원 2006 동아시아 : 비교와 전망 Vol.5 No.-

본 연구는 기업의 사회적 책임 (CSR)을 둘러싼 다국적기업과 시민단체(이하 NGO)의 협상 과정을 통하여 초국적 민간 거버넌스(transnational private governance)가 형성되는 과정을 조명한다. 논문은 세계화로 인해 시장으로부터 사회를 보호하던 국가권력은 후퇴하였지만. 그 공백을 글로벌 NGO 네트워크가 메우고 있음을 주장한다. 이러한 주장의 근거로 최근 다국적기업들이 앞 다투어 발표하는 행동강령 (code of conduct)과 이를 제도화하는 제 3자 인증(third party certification)의 분석을 시도한다. This study examines the negotiation of 'transnational private governance' through the interplay of transnational corporations (TNCs) and global NGO networks. The paper argues that globalization has weakened the state's authority to protect human society, but NGOs have been surprisingly successful in filling this gap. This argument is supported through the analysis of TNCs' code of conduct and NGO's third party certification processes.

신발산업의 제3세대 경쟁과 한국 신발기업의 발전전략

임정덕,임석준,최성호 한국중소기업학회 2003 中小企業硏究 Vol.25 No.3

본 연구는 세계 신발산업의 발전 단계를 평가하고 신발산업이 한국경제에서 부가가치를 창출하는 역할을 지속하기 위한 발전전략을 제시하고 하였다. 이를 위해 글로벌 상품사슬(global commodity chain) 개념을 분석틀로 채택하고 세계 신발시장이 제3세대 경쟁단계에 진입한 것으로 규정하였다. 따라서 한국 신발기업이 기술혁신과 해외투자, 그리고 브랜드 마케팅 등을 통하여 신발산업의 글로벌 상품사슬에서 고부가가치 창출활동으로서의 이동이나 개별 활동별 경쟁력 강화를 지향한 산업고도화에 발전전략의 초점을 맞출 것을 제시하였다. This paper examines the nature of current competition in the world footwear industry and provides Korean footwear firms with strategic options for surviving as a value-adding sector in the Korean economy. From the perspective of global commodity chain, the world footwear market is characterized as having just entered the third phase of competition. In this context, development strategies of the Korean firms should be focused on moving to higher value-adding nods or reinforcing competitive edge of each nod in the global commodity chain. This scenario will be realized through strengthening technical innovation, relocating manufacturing plants overseas and initiating own-brand marketing.

과량의 인슐린 투여로 인한 인위성 저혈당증 1예

김준우,안철우,남주영,김똘미,김영균,추적금,박종숙,박진아,조승현,김동연,김도연,윤수지,이경열,차봉수,김경래,임승길,이현철,허갑범 대한당뇨병학회 2002 임상당뇨병 Vol.3 No.2

본 저자들은 인위적인 인슐린 투여로 인한 인간성 저혈당증 1예에서 보존적인 치료로 의식기능은 회복하였으나, 현저한 인지능력 저하를 하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Factitious hypoglycemia is a covert attempt to lower the blood glucose concentration with insulin or a sulfonylurea agent. This attempt is mainly performed by the patients themselves. In a large series of diabetics who had overdosed on drug, less than 5% had used insulin for suicidal or homicidal purposes. Additionally, 4 of 204 hypoglycemic episodes were due to a suicide attempt with insulin. The onset of insulin action, its peak level, and duration, and the degree of hypoglycemia, are determined by insulin's pharmacokinetics. However, the final outcomes are not associated with the amount of insulin used. The complications related to insulin overdose are cerebral damage and hypokalemia. Other complications include, pulmonary edema attributed to congestive heart failure and hypertensive crisis, as well as respiratory insufficiency. We report this case with a review of the literature.

전자지불시스템 설계에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 연구

손달호,사공혜숙,임준식 한국의사결정학회 1998 경영과학연구 Vol.7 No.-

This study is carried out as the efforts to analyze the critical factors in the design of the electronic payment system From the stand point of the users and merchants, not only the critical factors of an electronic payment system that is convenient and reliable to more efficient and secure design, but also the barrier factors involved such as the level of the transaction, product, information and technology has not been proved empirically. The purpose of this study is to present a model and test factors that influence the design of an electronic payment system. In the case of the actual purchase through the internet, the security issue must be resolved in the design of a payment system. The users are not confident about dealing with the transaction on the web. The main contribution of this study is to present a model for design of an electronic payment system and to offer the critical success factors in the design of the electronic payment system.

계지의 항염 효과에 관한 연구

박히준,이지숙,이재동,김남재,표지희,강전모,최일환,김수영,심범상,이제헌,임사비나 EAST-WEST MEDICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE KYUNG HEE UNI 2005 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2005 No.-

Objectives : Cinnamomi Ramulus (CR), the young twing of Cinnamomi loureirii nees, has been used for treating symptoms related to pain. rheumatic arthritis and inflammation in Korean herb medicine. This study was carried out to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of CR in vivo and in vitro. Methods : Extracts of CR were prepared and the chemical components of the extracts were examined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The extracts were administrated to the rat paw edema model induced by carrageenan to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of CR. The expressions of nitric oxide (NO). prostaglandin E2(PGE2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were also quantified in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages to survey the effect of CR in vitro. The main components were cinnamaldechyde and coumarin. Results : We examined the anti-inflammatory activity of the 80% ethanol extract of Cinnamomi Ramulus in vivo by using carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model. Maximum inhibition of 54.9% was noted at the dose of 1000㎎/㎏ after 2 hours of drug administration in carrageenan-induced rat paw edema and this showed a potent anti-inflammatory effect. Conclusions : The results showed that Cinnamomi Ramulus suppressed dose-dependently LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages and also decreased iNOS protein expression. Cinnamomi Ramulus also showed a significant inhibitory effect in LPS-induced PGE2 production and COX-2 expression.

다발성 대장암 간전이 환자의 간절제를 위한 새로운 시도

주종우,김형철,임철완,신응진,조규석,유기원,송옥평,홍대식,박성진,조준희,이혜경,김희경,권계원,고은석 순천향의학연구소;Soonchunhyang Medical Research Institute 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2

Multiple bilobar liver matastases (MBLM) are the main cause of low resectability in the colon cancer liver metastases. The authors experienced one case of initially non-resectable colon cancer liver metastases. He was curatively and safely treated with a two-stage hepatectomy using the new method of future remnant liver volume growing. A 54-year-old man was referred to our department with the sigmoid colon cancer combined with MBLM, which were checked in two small metastatic lesions in the left lobe and five large sized lesions in the right lobe in the computed tomogram (CT). A laparoscopic assisted anterior resection was primarily performed. We performed the 1^(st) stage hepatectomy 3 weeks after the colon resection. Intra-operative Ultrasonogram (US) found 9 small superficial metastatic lesions in the left lobe. All that lesions were completely removed by non-anatomical wedge resection. An occlusion ballon catheter was placed in the right portal vein through a small branch of the inferior mesenteric vein at that time. The future remnant liver volume was sufficiently increased 3 weeks after the 1^(st) hepatectomy. A right hepatectomy was safely performed 22 days after the 1^(st) hepatectomy. The patient received a regional chemotherapy (interleukin2 based immuno-chemotherapy through hepatic artery) for 4 months, then received 9 cycles of systemic chemotherapy (biweekly Oxaliplation, leucovorin, plus 5-fluorouracil) without any recurrence evidence.

당뇨병 환자에서 혈장 Thrombin-Antithrombin Ⅲ 및 Plasmin-α_2-Plasmin Inhibitor 복합체의 임상적 의의

김경욱,김은숙,정상수,윤수지,박우일,이준희,남수연,안철우,문병수,김경래,차봉수,송영득,임승길,이현철,허갑범 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.25 No.5

연구배경:당뇨병 환자에서 혈액응고 및 섬유소용해 체계의 이상경향이 있어 그 결과로 여러 혈관합병증의 발생위험이 높다는 사실은 널리 알려져 있다. 그 기전은 아직 확실히 밝혀지지 않았으나, 고혈당으로 인한 혈장 단백질들의 비효소성 당화작용이나 산화성 스트레스로 인한 유리 라티칼 작용으로 응고항진이나 섬유소용해 활성의 저하를 유발하는 것으로 생각되고 있다. 최근 응고 및 용해인자와 그 억제자의 복합체들의 증가가 이 상태를 비교적 예민하게 반영한다고 알려져 있다. 방법:본 연구에서는 당뇨병 환자 101명과 정상 대조군 20명에서 혈장내 thrombin­antithrombin complex(TAT)와 plasmin­α₂­plasmin inhibitor complex(PIC)를 측정하여 비교하고, 당뇨병 환자에서 미세혈관 합병증과 대혈관합병증의 유무에 따른 차이와, 이미 혈관 질환의 위험인자로 알려져 있는 인자들간의 상관성을 알아보고자 하였다. 결과:1. 환자의 분포를 살펴보면 혈관합병증이 있는 군은 85명, 혈관합병증이 없는 군은 16명이었고, 평균연령은 각각 57.9±14.1세, 49.9±16.6세로 혈관 합병증이 있는 군에서 더 나이가 많았고, 체질량지수는 23.2±3.4㎏/㎡, 24.1±3.4㎏/㎡로 두 군간 유의한 차이는 없었다. 또 두 군간의 혈압 및 HbA1c, 공복혈당 및 인슐린과 C­peptide, 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, HDL­콜레스테롤, Lp⒜는 유의한 차이가 없었고, 미세혈관합병증이 있는 군에서 당뇨병의 유병기간이 길었다. 2. TAT 및 PIC의 농도는 정상 대조군에서는 2.8±1.2 ng/mL, 240.4±69.7 ng/mL이었고, 당뇨병 환자군에서는 9.5±22.6 ng/mL, 472.2±258.7 ng/mL이었다. TAT와 PIC 모두 당뇨병 환자군에서 정상 대조군에 비해 유의하게 증가되어 있었고(p<0.001), TAT/PIC ratio는 두 군간 차이가 없었다. 3. 당뇨병 환자의 혈관합병증에 따른 TAT 및 PIC, fibrinogen 농도는 합병증이 없는 군은 각각 4.1±2.4ng/mL, 362.2±272.0ng/mL, 322.7±102.4mg/mL으로 PIC와 fibrinogen의 증가를 보였으나, 연령을 보정한 후에는 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 또 대혈관 합병증군에서는 각각 6.0±4.9 ng/mL, 507.4±321.6 ng/mL, 427.1±194.7 mg/dL이었으며 미세·대혈관 합병증군에서는 10.4±6.4 ng/mL, 484.8±269.7 ng/mL, 388.4±132.4 mg/dL으로 TAT의 증가를 보였으나 역시 연령을 보정한 후에는 통계학적 유의성은 없었다. 4. 미세혈관합병증군에서 HbA1c(>8%)가 높은 군의 PIC 농도가 유의하게 높았고(p=0.049), 대혈관합병증군에서 HbA1c(>8%)가 높은 군의 총 콜레스테롤 농도가 유의하게 높았다(p=0.042). 5. 총 당뇨병 환자군에서 PIC는 fibrinogen과 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를, BMI와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며(r=0.47, 0.31,-0.25), 혈관 합병증이 없는 당뇨병 환자군에서만 TAT는 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를 보였다(r=0.67). 결론:이상의 결과에서 혈장 TAT 및 PIC 농도는 당뇨병 환자에서 정상 대조군에 비해 의미있게 증가되어 있었고, 당뇨병 환자군에서는 연령의 증가와 유병기간이 혈액응고항진 및 용해의 장애에 큰 역할을 함을 알 수 있었으며, 총 당뇨병 환자군에 PIC와 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를, BMI와 음의 상관관계를 보였으며 혈관 합병증이 없는 당뇨병 환자군에서만 TAT는 HbA1c와 양의 상관관계를 보였다. 따라서 당뇨병 환자에서 혈액응고 및 용해의 장애가 동반되어 있다고 볼 수 있으며, 혈장 TAT 및 PIC는 혈관합병증으로의 진행을 예측하는 지표로서 유용하리라 생각된다. 또 혈당조절정도와 상관성이 있으므로 혈당조절후에 추적검사를 시행하여 합병증의 예방이 가능한지 추후 연구가 필요하리라 생각된다. Background : Abnormality of coagulation and fibrinolystic system is known as a predisposing factor of vascular complication in diabetes. Although the pathogenesis is not well known, non-enzymatic glycation reaction and the increase in production of free radicals due to an increased oxidative stress may be linked to the hypercoagulibility and hypofibrinolytic activity. As indices of abnormality in coagulation and firinolysis in peripheral blood, plasma thrombin-antithrombin Ⅲ complex (TAT) and plasmin-α_2-plasmin inhibitor complex (PIC) were measured. The purpose of this study was to clarify whether hypercoagulability exists in diabetic patients with or without vascular complication. Methods : In our study, we measured plasma thrombin-antithrombin Ⅲ compelx (TAT) and plasmin-α_2-plasmin inhibit or complex (PIC) in 101 diabetic subjects and 20 controls. Comparing TAT and PIC levels in diabetic microvascular complication group, diabetic macrovascular complication group and controls, we examined correlation between risk factors associated with diabetic vascular complication. Results : 1. The group with diabetic vascular complication was older than group without complication. There was no significant difference in BMI, blood pressure, HbA_ic, blood sugar level, insulin, C-peptide, serum creatinine, total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, Lp (a) between two groups. The group with diabetic microvascular complication had longer duration of diabetes. 2. Concentration of TAT and PIC were 2.8±1.2 ng/ mL, 240.4±69.7 ng/ mL in controls and 9.5±22.6 ng/ mL, 472.2±258.7 ng/ mL in diabetic patients, respectively. TAT and PIC were significantly higher in diabetic patients than in control (p<0.001). But TAT/PIC ratio was no significant difference between two groups. 3. In diabetic patients, concentration of TAT and PIC and fibrinogen were respectively 4.1±2.4 ng/ mL, 362.2±272.0 ng/ mL, 322.7±102.4 mg/ dL in group without vascular complication and 5.3±4.1 ng/ mL, 529.5±258.7 ng/ mL, 374.9±106.2 mg/ dL in group with microvascular complication, which group had increase in PIC and Fibrinogen but no significance after correction of age. Concentration of TAT and PIC and Fibrinogen were 60.±4.9 ng/ mL, 507.4±321.6 ng/ mL, 427.1±194.7 mg/ dL in macrovascular complication, and 10.4±6.7 mg/ mL, 484.8±269.7 ng/ mL, 388.4±132.4 mg/ dL in combined vascular complication which group showed increase of TAT but also had no significant increase after correction of age. 4. In diabetic microvascular complication patients, group of high HbA_1c (>8%) (p=0.049) had significant high PIC concentration. In diabetic macrovascular complication patients, group of high HbA_1c (>8%) (p=0.042) had significant high total cholesterol concentration. 5. In all diabetic patients, PIC was positively correlated with fibrinogen and HbA_1c and negatively correlated BMI (r=0.47, 0.31, -0.25). Only in daibetic patients without angiopathy, TAT was positively correlated with HbA_1c (r=0.67). Conclusion : In this study, plasma TAT and PIC concentration significantly increased in diabetic patients compared with controls, and PIC was increased in group with microvascular complication, TAT were increased in group with combined micro macrovascular complication. However, there was no significance relationship existed when correctinf for age. PIC was correlated with HbA_1c. TAT was correlated with HbA_1c only in the group without angiopathy. Abnormality of coagulation and fibrinolysis were combined in diabetes, plasma TAT and PIC can be used as an index of vascular complication. Also we found the correlation with the degree of the blood glucose control. Therefore we need follow up study for the possibility of prevention of vascular complication after controlling the blood glucose to age-matched patients (J Kor Diaabetes Asso 25:354~363, 2001).

콩코드 납축전지의 SOC 추정

전창완,채광석,임준규,오명섭,박명신 순천향대학교 부설 산업기술연구소 2004 순천향 산업기술연구소논문집 Vol.10 No.1

Nowadays many battery-based systems like electric vehicle have appeared. As a result efficient battery management becomes important. In this paper, state-of-charge (SOC) estimation of a Concode lead acid battery is discussed. The SOC estimation problem plays an important role in battery management system(BMS). In this paper, an SOC table is established by many charge and discharge experiments. This table can be used to development advanced SOC estimation algorithms.