사과 추출물과 phloretin에 의한 항염증 활성

김근호(Geun-Ho Kim),이은주(Eun-Joo Lee),류승민(Seung-Min Ryu),손호용(Ho-Yong Sohn),김종식(Jong-Sik Kim) 한국생명과학회 2021 생명과학회지 Vol.31 No.2

본 연구에서는 풋사과의 열수추출물(GAHW)과 에탄올추출물(GAE), 그리고 애사과 열수추출물(UAHW)을 제조하고 LPS로 활성화된 RAW264.7세포주를 이용하여 이들의 항염증 활성을 연구하였다. 모든 추출물이 세포생존율에는 영향을 미치지 않고 nitric oxide (NO) 생산을 저해하였으며, iNOS의 발현도 감소시켰다. 반면, UAHW만이 COX-2의 발현을 저해하였다. 또한 모든 추출물이 모든 MAPKs의 인산화를 감소시켰다. 모든 추출물이 ROS의 생산을 농도의존적으로 감소시켰으며, GAHW와 GAE에 의해 HO-1의 발현이 증가됨을 확인하였다. 또한, 사과 flavonoid인 phloretin과 phloridzin의 항염증 활성을 연구하였다. Phloretin은 농도의존적으로 NO의 생산을 저해하였으나, phloridzin은 NO 생산에 아무 영향이 없었다. 또한, phloretin은 iNOS와 COX-2 단백질의 발현을 감소시킨 반면, phloridzin은 두 단백질 발현에 영향을 주지 못하였다. 따라서, 이러한 연구결과는 사과 추출물은 MAPK 경로와 HO-1 경로를 조절함으로써 항염증 활성을 가지며, phloretin이 사과의 항염증 활성을 담당하는 파이토케미칼의 하나가 될 수 있음을 제시한다. In the present study, we prepared hot water extracts of green apple (GAHW) and unripe apple (UAHW), and ethanol extract of green apple (GAE), and investigated their anti-inflammatory activities in LPS-activated RAW264.7 cells. All extracts dramatically suppressed nitric oxide (NO) production in a dose-dependent manner in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells without affecting cell viability. In addition, all extracts decreased the expression of iNOS, whereas UAHW only reduced the expression of COX-2. All extracts suppressed the phosphorylation of MAPKs (p38, ERK, and JNK) indicating all extracts show their anti-inflammatory activities via regulating MAPK pathway. Furthermore, all extracts reduced the production of reactive oxygen species in a dose-dependent manner and they increased the expression of heme oxygenase-I (HO-I) whereas UAHW could not. We also investigated whether apple flavonoids phloretin and phloridzin can have their anti-inflammatory activities in same in vitro model. Phloretin dramatically decreased NO production in a dose dependent manner without affecting cell viability, whereas phloridzin have no effects. Phloretin also reduced the expression of iNOS as well as COX-2, whereas phloridzin could not. Overall, these results suggest that apple extracts have their anti-inflammatory activities via regulating MAPKs and HO-1 pathways, and apple flavonoid phloretin can be one of phytochemicals responsible for anti-inflammatory effect of apple.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.

J.S.P로 보강된 흙막이벽의 변형거동에 관한 연구

주승완,윤선호 서강정보대학 1999 산업과학연구 Vol.1 No.-

This study examining the effect of horizontal displacement restraint on ground behind propped retaining walls caused by J.S.P improvement body and the effect of earth pressure reduction and compared horizontal displacement of earth retaining walls changeable according to the step by excavation, and earth pressure affecting to walls, with those of the monitoring measured in inclinometer by means of the finite element method based on the proper model in pre- and pro-J.S.P construction and the numerical analysis using general elasto-plastic analysis such as SUNEX, EXCAV. The results were as follows: Horizontal displacement reduction was analysised by FEM through excavation steps in pre- and pro-J.S.P construction It concludes that the reduction amount was showed from 0.1mm to 0.3mm by single lap while the reduction amount. It showed that the effect of horizontal displacement restraint caused by the growth of rigidity in walls. It showed that the place of maximum displacement generation was 0.22~0.25H distant from excavation ground.

주암호 상류지류의 수질에 관한 연구 : 사평천을 중심으로 On The Sapyung River

주흥규,홍승호,백종오 조선대학교 약학연구소 1998 藥學硏究誌 Vol.19 No.1

The water quality of Sapyung stream, one of four branches of Lake Chuam, was investigated in August and October. 1995. The results are as follows : 1. The pH of all the investigated sites was ranged from 5.5 to 7.6 which is similar to ordinary streams in Korea, which is an evidence that there it was no source to change the pH significantly 2 In the first investigation DO was ranged from 5.5 to 7.4 ppm, which was slightly lower ppm than other streams, because it was higher atmospheric temperature(35℃) and water temperature(30.5℃) It was ranged from 7.3 to 7.4 ppm in the second investigation, indicating that site is relatively stable and clear area. 3. BOD during all the investigation was ranged from 1.0 to 2.7ppm, indication that it is good water quality. 4. NH₃-N, indicator of water pollution was ranged from 0.03 to 0.07ppm, It is believed that the source was not the contamination of the water 5. NO₂-N and NO₃-N were slightly higher in the first investigation than the second investigation. This is a result of better nitrification in the first investigation because it was longer daylight time and higher water temperature. 6. Chlorine ion concentraton, total hardness, and PO₄-P were detected homogeneously in all investigated area. It is believed that they are due to characteristics of the ground and are not the evidence of point source contamination when compared to other streams. 7. The level of contamination due to general bacteria and E. coli was much lower than other streams, however, in the detection of 7.9x10² E. coli at sites 5, water quality of main stream of Lake chuam needs to be monitored closely.

생활치에서 나타나는 치근단 병소 : 보존적 치료 후 자연치유

김현주,이승종,정일영,박성호 大韓齒科保存學會 2012 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.37 No.2

It is often presumed that apical periodontitis follows total pulp necrosis, and consequently root canal treatment is commonly performed. Periapical lesion development is usually caused by bacteria and its byproduct which irritate pulp, develop pulpitis, and result in necrosis through an irreversible process. Afterwards, apical periodontitis occurs. This phenomenonis observed as an apical radiolucency in radiographic view. However, this unusual case presents a spontaneous healing of periapical lesion, which has developed without pulp necrosis in a vital tooth, through conservative treatment.

감마선투과검사 장치의 자동 원격조작기 개발

주광태,신진성,김동언,송정호,주승환,장홍근 한국비파괴검사학회 2002 한국비파괴검사학회지 Vol.22 No.5

국내 감마선투과검사용 조사장치는 1,000여대로 2,500여명의 종사자가 대부분 수동으로 원격 조작하는 실정으로 작업의 효율화와 방사선피폭 저감화를 위하여 자동 원격조작기의 사용이 요구된다. 이에 연구팀은 실무에 적합한 토크와 안전계수로부터 54kgf·㎝의 출력을 지닌 24V, 200W의 BLDC모터를 이용하여 0.4∼1.2 m/s 범위의 선원 이동속도를 조절할 수 있는 구동장치와 RF 센서로 구동 속도 조절, 광전센서에 의한 선원 위치 및 timer로 노출시간을 제어할 수 있는 무선 원격조작기를 개발하였다. 이와 같이 개발한 자동원격조작기는 AC와 DC 겸용, 그리고 기존의 수동 원격조작기에 탈착이 가능하여 자동과 수동을 겸용할 수 있는 경제적 이점 등으로 활용도가 클 것으로 기대된다. Recently, gamma radiographic equipments have been used about 1,000 sets manually and operated by about 2,500 persons in Korea. In order for a radiography to work effectively with avoiding any hazard of the high level radiation from the source, many field workers have expected developing a wireless automatic remote exposure controller. The KITCO research team has developed an automatic remote exposure controller that can regulate the speed of 0.4∼1.2 m/s by BLDC motor of 24V 200W which has output of 54 kgf·㎝, suitable torque and safety factor for the work. And the developed automatic remote exposure controller can control rpm of motor, pigtail position by photo-sensor and exposure time by timer to RF sensor. Thus, the developed equipment is expected that the unit can be used in many practical applications with benefits in economical advantage to combine the use of both automatic and manual type because attachment is possible existent manual remote exposure controller, AC and DC combined use.

철근콘크리트에 교량의 중성화에 관한 연구

주승완,윤선호 서강정보대학 2001 論文集 Vol.20 No.-

In this study, 25 bridges which material-age was from 10 years to 30 years in Chonnam province were examined for neutralization test in order to obtain durability by examining neutralization. The mechanism of carbonation and influencing factors to the carbonation by considering the depth and the speed of carbonation are compared with data measured from field tests. Based on the analysis and comparison, the range of carbonation speed coefficient is proposed and the relationship between carbonation depth and remaining lifetime is predicted. This study aims to provide the reference data, which will calculate lifetime of Reinforced concrete bridge and utilization of carbonation factors.

암반사면의 안정성과 평가 및 적용에 관한 연구

주승완,윤선호 서강정보대학 2002 論文集 Vol.21 No.-

In general the evaluation process of rock slope stability is an ambiguous system which is made up of ideas subjected to practical experience of an expert. This paper aims to propose more effective methods that helps engineers to evaluate the stability of rock slope by using RMR(Rock Mass Rating for the Geomechanics Classification) and Stereographic Projection and Fuzzy Approximate Reasoning Concept.

Nuclear Factor I-C 결손 생쥐에서 상아모세포의 형태학적 특징

고승백,이창섭,이난영,이상호,김흥중,박주철 大韓小兒齒科學會 2006 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.33 No.2

NFI-C K/O 생쥐에서는 상아모세포의 분화과정에 이상이 초래되어 상아질 형성에 이상이 생기고 치근 형성이 불완전하게 이루어지는 것으로 알려져 있으나 이에 대한 명확한 기전은 잘 알려져 있지 않다. 상아모세포가 분화하여 정상적으로 상아질을 형성하기 위해서 핵과 세포질이 극성을 띠고 잘 조직화되어야 하며, 이 과정에서 다양한 세포사이 결합장치들이 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 본 연구에서는 NFI-C K/O 생쥐에서 상아질 형성에 이상이 생기는 것이 상아포세포의 형태학적 변화와 세포사이 결합장치들이 기능을 하지 못한 결과에서 기인한 것인지 알아보기 위하여, NFI-C K/O 생쥐에서 발생한 비정상적인 상아모세포들을 광학 및 투과 전자현미경을 이용하여 형태학적으로 관찰하고, Zo-1과 occludin의 발현을 면역조직화학적으로 관찰하여 세포사이 결합장치들의 분포를 확인하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 광학현미경 소견에서 NFI-C K/O 생쥐의 전치부 상아모세포는 세포 극성이 상실되고, 여러 층으로 배열되어 있었으며 상아질에 많은 세포들이 함입된 것과 같은 비정상적인 상아질의 소견을 나타냈다. 반면에 NFI-C K/O 생쥐의 구치부 상아모세포는 치관부에서는 잘 조직화된 소견을 보였으나 치근 형성 부위에서는 세포 배열이 불규칙해지고 세포 극성이 상실되었다. 2. 투과 전자현미경 소견에서 NFI-C K/O 생쥐 전치부의 비정상적인 상아모세포는 둥근 형태로 세포 사이 간격이 넓으며 폐쇄연접과 같은 세포사이 결합장치들이 전혀 관찰되지 않았다. 3. Zo-1의 면역조직화학적 염색에서 NFI-C K/O 생쥐의 전치부 법랑모세포의 근위부와 원위부에서 ZO-1이 강하게 발현되었으나 비정상적인 상아모세포에서는 ZO-1의 발현을 관찰할 수 없었다. 4. Occludin의 면역조직화학적 염색에서 정상 생쥐의 전치부 상아모세포에서는 occludin의 발현이 관찰되었으나 NFI-C K/O 생쥐의 비정상적인 상아모세포에서는 occludin의 발현이 관찰되지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 종합하여 볼 때 NFI-C의 결손은 상아모세포의 분화 이상을 초래하고 비정상적으로 상아질을 형성하는 과정에 세포사이 결합장치의 상실과 같은 형태학적인 변화의 중요한 요소로 작용하는 것으로 생각된다. NFO-C null mice demonstrated aberrant odntoblast differentiation and thus abnormal dentin formation while other tissues/organs in the body, including ameloblasts, appear to be unaffected and normal. However, little is known about the mechanism of NFI-C function in odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation. Odontoblasts are tall, highly polarized cells that are responsible for formation and maintenance of the predentin and dentin. An indication of their polarity is the acquisition of specialized intercellular junctions. As predontoblasts differentiate into odontoblasts, they are joined and attached at the apical end by well developed terminal webs of cytoskeletal actins, and associated tight as well as adherent njunctions. In this study, in order to investigate if disruption of the NFI-C gene interferes with formation of a specific or other structural proteins of the intercellular junctions, we examined morphological charcteristic of the aberrant odontoblast in NFI-C null mice using light and electron microscope. In addition, we determined the expression of major structural proteins of intercellular junctions, ZO-1 and occludin, during the differentiation of odontoblasts using immunohitochemistry. The results were as follows: 1. In light microscopy, abnormal odontoblasts of incisors of the NFI-C null mice were round in shape, lost their polarity, and trapped in osteodentin-like mineralized tissue. Mutant molars have relatively normal crowns, but short and abnormal differentiating adontoblasts in root formation area. 2. Electron microscopy of abnormal odontoblasts revealed the dissociation of the round osteoblast-like cells, the loss of their cellular polarity, and the absence of an intercellular junctional complex known as the tight junctions. 3. A mutant incisor showed labeling for ZO-1 at the proximal and distal ends of secreting ameloblasts, while staining for ZO-1 was not observed in the abnormal odontoblasts. 4. A normal incisor showed immunoreactivity for occludin in the differentiating odontoblasts. However, staining for occludin was not observed in the abnormal odntoblasts of mutant incisor. These results suggest that NFI-C gene causes dissociation of odontoblast and thus abberant odontoblast differentiation and abnormal dentin formation by interfering with the formation of intercellular junctions.

비대칭 안모의 교정치험례

이동주,박승종,김동호 대한치과교정학회 1991 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.21 No.3

This paper presents 2 clinical cases of facial asymmetry resulted from vertical asymmetry of the maxilla and unilateral hyperplasia of the mandibular condyle. Both patients, a 27 year 4 month old female and a 17 year 1 month old male, had a anterior cross bite with deviated dental midline and a concave profile. Both cases were treated with orthodontic and orthognathic procedure. The following results were obtained; 1. The facial asymmetry was favorably corrected. 2. The concave profile was improved. 3. The anterior cross bite was corrected. 4. The upper and lower dental midlines against the facial midline were corrected. 5. The functional over bite and over jet were established.