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Vitamin D_(3)가 RAW 세포에 감염된 Mycobacterium marinum의 증식억제에 미치는 기전 연구
박정규,정샛별,이길수,김수영,송창화,박종호,조현구,조은경,김화중 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2003 충남의대잡지 Vol.30 No.1
The natural resistance-associated macrophage protein 1(Nramp1) has been proposed to directly regulate bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity of the macrophage toward pathogens or participate in macrophage activation that lead to microbial elimination in the host. The relationship between Nramp1 and nitric oxide(NO) as an antimicrobial factor has not been precisely defined to date. To devise an in vitro assay for Nramp1 function, this study introduced a wild type Nramp1^(G169) cDKA transfected RAW264.7 macrophages(A8) which bear a homozygous mutant Nramp1^(D169) allele and are permissive to replication of specific intracellular parasites. RAW264.7 and A8 macrophages did not produce NO, but vitamin D_(3)-activated-Mycobacterium marinum-infected RAW264.7 and A8 macrophages pretreated with vitamin D_(3) leaded to the increase of NO production and growth inhibition of M. marinum. Inhibition of NO production by a NO inhibitor, L-NAME, abolished the above effects. The mRNA expression of iNOS in infected macrophages with costimulated vitamin D_(3) was increased. IFN-γ activated macrophages also showed the same results with vitamin D_(3) activated macrophages. These results suggest that bactericidal or bacteriostatic activity in RAW264.7 and A8 macrophages correlated with the production of NO, although NO might not be the only factor responsible for controlling M. marinum infection. The Nrampl gene is considered to be a cofactor in the controlling the replication of M. marinum infection.
( Byeong Kil Shin ),( Sang Hyeon Yoon ),( Hee Soo Lee ),( Young Seok Koo ),( Young Keun Jeong ),( In Goo Kang ) 대한금속재료학회(구 대한금속학회) 2013 대한금속·재료학회지 Vol.51 No.10
The mechanical properties and molecular structure of rubber materials for reducing the vibration of elevator cabins were studied with respect to the hardnesses change to confirm the degradation behavior by temperature (85 ℃) and humidity (85% R.H.). To examine the effects of hardness on the mechanical properties after thermal and hydrothermal aging, the international rubber hardness degree (IRHD), tensile strength, and elongation % were compared with the elastic modulus as a function of degradation time. The microstructure showed that the crack growth of the rubber material with high hardness was fast after hydrothermal aging. It originated from a C = C bonding decrease, and the C = O and C-O-C bonding were increased by the penetration of humidity. In the results of solid-state 13C nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy to confirm the molecular structure, several peaks were assigned to respective vulcanized structures along with mechanical properties. Therefore, the degradation behavior after thermal/ hydrothermal aging was different according to low/high hardness: The mechanical properties of the rubber material with high hardness rapidly decreased due to the high density of cross-links and chain scission. (Received March 18, 2013)
기능성 해조차의 소재로 활용을 위한 김, 미역 및 다시마의 처리조건
조길석(Kil-Suk Jo),도정룡(Jeong-Ryong Do),구재근(Jae-Geun Koo) 한국식품영양과학회 1998 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.27 No.2
The possibility of utilizing Porphyra yezoensis, Undaria pinnatifida and Laminaria religiosa into algae-tea having biological functionality was investigated by analysis of functional component, experimentation for low viscosity and various pretreatments. In water soluble fraction of powdered algae extracted for 3 minutes with 30 times of hot water, major functional components were composed of 1.53% porphyran and 170.04㎎% taurine in P. yezoensis, 1.09% fucoidan and 1.18% sodium alginate in U. pinnatifida, and 1.28% fucoidan, 1.99% sodium alginate and 371.25㎎% iodine in L. religiosa, on dry basis. For lowering viscosity and masking off-flavor in each water soluble fraction, it was desirable that P. yezoensis was washed for 12 hours in sea water and 30 minutes in fresh water, dried at 3 to 5℃, powdered to size of 30 mesh and then roasted for 3 minutes at 120℃, and that both U. pinnatifida and L. religiosa were washed, semidried to 40~50% moisture content, heated for 40 minutes at 120℃ by autoclave, dried, powdered to size of 30 mesh and then roasted for 5 minutes at 110℃.
지속성 외래 복막투석 환자에서 C반응단백, 맥압과 관상동맥질환의 관계
이정의 ( Jeong Ik Lee ),권순길 ( Soon Kil Kwon ),김상현 ( Sang Hyun Kim ),서장원 ( Jang Won Seo ),장재원 ( Jai Won Chang ),김순배 ( Soon Bae Kim ),이상구 ( Sang Koo Lee ),박정식 ( Jung Sik Park ) 대한신장학회 2003 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.22 No.1
목적 : 말기신부전으로 투석 중인 환자에서 C반응단백 (C-reactive protein, CRP)은 이환률과 사망률의 주요한 원인으로 알려진 관상동맥질환을 예견하는 지표로 알려져 있으며, 최근 여러 연구에서 맥압의 증가가 정상인에서 심혈관 질환과 사망률의 위험인자로 대두되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 복막투석 환자에서 이 두 가지 지표를 함께 측정하여 관상동맥질환의 위험도를 예견하는 지표로서의 가치를 알아보고자 시행되었다. 방법 : 복막투석을 시행하는 환자 중 thallium single photon emision computed tomography (thallium SPECT)를 시행하고 6개월 이상 추적관찰이 가능하였던 총 71명의 환자 (남자 42명, 여자 29명)를 대상으로 하였다. 나이, 성별, 흡연, 당뇨, 고혈압, 맥압, 체질량 지수에 대하여 조사하였으며 혈중 알부민, 총 콜레스테롤, 섬유소원, lipoprotein (a), C반응단백을 검사 하였다. 결과 : Thallium SPECT 양성군과 음성군으로 분류하여 비교한 결과 thallium SPECT 양성군에서 C반응단백, 맥압, 흡연율, 섬유소원의 값이 의의있게 높았다 (p<0.05). 맥압이 1 mmHg 증가시 관상동맥질환의 상대 위험도는 1.017배 (95% 신뢰구간 1.011-1.023), C반응단백이 0.01 mg/dL 증가시 관산동맥질환의 상대 위험도는 1.014배 (95% 신뢰구간 1.008-1.019) 증가하였다. 다증회귀분석 결과 C반응단백과 맥압이 심근 허혈에 영향을 주는 독립인자였다. Log C반응단백과 맥압간에는 양의 상관관계가 있었다. (p<0.01>. 결론 : 복막투석 환자에서 C반응단백과 맥압은 모두 관상동맥 질환을 예측하는데 유용한 지표로 이용할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. 그러므로 복막투석 환자에서 뚜렷한 원인 없이 지속적으로 C반응단백과 맥압이 상승되어 있는 경우 허혈성 심질환에 대하여 검사가 이루어져야 할 것으로 생각된다. Background : Atheroclerotic vascular disease is the major cause of morbidity and mortality in dialysis patients. C-reactive protein (CRP) appears to be clinically useful in prediction of coronary heart disease. Elevated pulse pressure has been associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease among apparently healthy adults. Therefore, we evaluated the association between a persistent elevation of C-reactive protein level, pulse pressure and the presence of ischemic heart disease in patients with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Methods : A total of 71 CAPD patients (42 males 29 females) who underwent thallium SPECT and followed up more than 6 months were included. We collected the data about age, sex, smoking, diabetes, hypertension, pulse pressure and body mass index. Blood levels of albumin, total cholesterol, fibrinogen, lipoprotein (a) and C-reactive protein were measured. Results : The values of C-reactive protein, pulse pressure, smoking and fibrinogen were significantly higher in thallium SPECT positive group (p<0.05). A 0.01 mg/dL increase in C-reactive protein was associated with a 1.014 increase in the odds of having an elevated risk of coronary artery disease (95% confidence interval 1.008-1.019) and a 1 mmHg increase in pulse pressure was associated with a 1.017 increase in the odds of having an elevated risk of coronary artery disease (95% confidence interval 1.011-1.023). By multivariate logistic regression analysis, C-reactive protein and pulse pressure were independent risk factors for ischemic heart disease. Log CRP level was positively correlated with pulse pressure level (p<0.01). Conclusion : The baseline level of CRP and pulse pressure independently predicts the risk of coronary heart disease in CAPD patients. For patients who have a persistent elevation of CRP and pulse pressure without an apparent cause, we recommend a workup for ischemic heart disease.