추황배(Pyrus pyrifolia Nakai cv. Chuhwangbae) 과피로부터 1종의 Sterol과 3종의 배당체 화합물의 단리·동정

이유건(Yu Geon Lee1),조정용(Jeong-Yong Cho),이현주(Hyun Joo Lee),이용현(Yong Hyun Lee),이상현(Sang-Hyun Lee),한태호(Tae-Ho Han),김월수(Wol-Soo Kim),박근형(Keun-Hyung Park),문제학(Jae-Hak Moon) 한국식품과학회 2013 한국식품과학회지 Vol.45 No.5

본 연구에서는 배의 유용성 증명을 위한 일환으로 배의 화학성분을 분자수준에서 밝히고자 하였다. 이에 배 과피 MeOH 추출물을 용매분획하여 얻은 EtOAc-산성 분획과 EtOAc-중성분획을 대상으로 Sephadex LH-20, silica gel, 그리고 ODS colmn chromatography와 HPLC를 이용하여 정제 및 단리하였다. 그 결과, EtOAc-산성 분획과 EtOAc-중성 분획으로부터 각각 2종씩의 화합물을 단리하였다. 단리된 화합물 1-4는 1H- 및 13C-NMR 분석을 통하여 각각 (S)-(+)-2-cis-abscisic acid O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (화합물 1), 1-[4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl]phenyl ethanone(piceoside, 화합물 2), β-sitosterol (화합물 3), 그리고 β-sitosteryl 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (화합물 4)로 동정되었다. 단리된 3종의 배당체 화합물(화합물 1, 2, 4)들은 본 연구에 의해 배로부터 처음 동정되었으며, 화합물 3은 추황배로부터 처음 동정되었다. 본 연구결과가 배 함유 성분연구는 물론 배의 기능성 해명 연구에도 추후 중요한 기초자료로 활용되길 기대한다. We isolated and identified antioxidants from acidic and neutral ethyl acetate fractions of the peel of pear (Pyrus pyrifolia N. cv. Chuhwangbae). We isolated 4 compounds from the methanol extract, by using 3 different types of column chromatography (Sephadex LH-20, silica gel, and octadecylsilane) and preparative HPLC. We identified the isolated compounds as (S)-(+)-2-cis-abscisic acid O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (compound 1), 1-[4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl]phenyl ethanone (picroside, compound 2), β-sitosterol (compound 3), and β-sitosteryl 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (compound 4) by nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. We are the first to report the identification of compounds 1, 2, and 4 from pear.

충주시 여중생의 흡연 실태 조사

정진웅,이학수 충북대학교 연초연구소 2009 煙草硏究 Vol.22 No.-

본 연구는 충주지역 여중생의 흡연 실태를 파악하기 위하여 설문조사한 것이다. 설문 대상자 420명중 24.3%(102 명)가 흡연을 하고 있었고, 그 분포는 1학년보다 2, 3학년에서 많았다. 이들 흡연자의 31%는 초등학교 시절에, 37%는 중학교 2학년에 담배를 배운 것으로 나타났다. 흡연의 동기는 '호기심'이고, 주로 인적이 드문 공터나 놀이터에서 피운다고 답했다. 흡연량은 하루에 10 개피 이하였지만, 1갑 이상을 피우는 학생도 13.7%나 되었다. 그리고 결손가정의 자녀, 성적이 나쁜 학생, 흡연을 하는 친구를 둔 학생들이 흡연을 많이 하는 것으로 나타났다. The smoking actual state of girls' middle school was investigated with 420 girls' students in Chungju city in korea by the questionnaire. The 102 girls of 420 girls middle school(24.3%) were inveterate smoker and the higher year students were smoked more than first year student. A 31% of 102 girl smokers replied that they smoked from the primary school. And then they began to smoke because of the curiosity to the smoking act of others, and they enjoyed a cigarette at a dark open place or a tranquil playing space mainly. They are smoking less than 10 cigarettes a day but 13.7% of 102 girls are enjoying more than cigarettes 20 everyday. And the students of imperfect household, the poor girl students, and students smoker friends are smoking more.

Rotary type과 linear type 자동흡연 장치에 따른 담배연기 중 타르, 니코틴 및 일산화탄소의 함량 비교

정재훈,김영신,임흥빈,석영선,신주식,이학수 충북대학교 연초연구소 2004 煙草硏究 Vol.19 No.-

본 실험은 type별 흡연 장치의 담배 주류연 포집에 대한 차이를 비교하고자 주류연 중 일반적인 다량의 성분을 측정하였다. 1. 니코틴 함량은 대체로 linear-type 흡연 장치에서 높은 경향 이였으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. 2. 수분 함량은 두 가지 type 간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 3. tar 함량은 저 농도에서 linear-type 보다 otary-type 흡연 장치가 높은 경향 이였으나 유의한 차이는 없었다. 4. 일산화탄소는 rotary-type과 linear-type 모두 유의한 차이는 없었다. 본 실험결과 ISO 표준 흡연 조건에서 담배 주류연의 tar, 니코틴, 일산화탄소 함량의 측정은 흡연 장치의 type별 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없는 것으로 판단된다. This study was conducted to compare rotary-type with linear-type automatic smoking machine referred to ISO 3308 in the determination of tar, nicotine and CO in cigarette smoke. Sample were used with 4 kinds of domestic branded cigarettes(tar ; 1, 3, 6, 10 mg/cig) and CORESTA Monitor 4 cigarettes(tar ; 14 mg/cig). Tar and nicotine contents were analysed by gas-chromatograph methods in accordance with ISO 4387 and 10315-1. Determination of carbon monoxide in the vapour phase of cigarette smoke was meaured by NDIR method in ISO 8454. Sample preparation were performed in conditioning room at 22℃, 60 % for 48 hours according to ISO 3402. There was no significant difference between two smoking machine from 1 mg/cig to 14 mg/cig tar cigarettes, but, the contents of three components measured by rotary type showed higher tendency than those by linear type in the case of hight tar cigarettes. The results were the opposite in low tar cigarettes.

흉부 X선촬영 기술의 변천에 관한 연구

이창엽,조평곤,김지닐,최소영,김창균,최종학,김정민,김유현 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 2002 保健科學論集 Vol.28 No.2

To find elements which enable improving Quality of image of chest radiography, we attempted to make comparison between chest radiography used currently with that of the past, and following conclusion was reached: 1) It could be confirmed that a dependance on chest radiography was declining, because proportion of chest radiography against overall radiography decreased. 2) There was a change of kVp to a high voltage in a chest radiography, and use of high kVp became a generalization 3) Exposure time was reduced and exposure dose was curtailed accordingly. 4) Apparatus was mainly comprised of 3-phase rectifier circuit and inverter type. 5) It could be confirmed that frequency of applying additional filters for high kVp radiography was insufficient. 6) There was almost no difference in the condition of exposure between hospitals using film/screen and hospitals using CR. But when CR is used for radiography, it was increase in exposure dose due to increase in tube current and it will be necessary to have continuous study on exposure dose by an increase use of CR in the future.

토착형 말라리아 (Plasmodium vivax) 2례

이영진,박도심,정병학 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1997 圓光醫科學 Vol.13 No.1-2

In korea indigenous malaria was known as "Hak-chil" in many centuries and they were disappeared from 1984 to 1992. But indegenous malaria (Plasmodium vivax) was detected in 1993 among soldiers and residents in western parts of the demilitarized zone (DMZ). Nowadays infected cases of indeginous malaria are progressively increased and social problem because infected mosquitos and bloods can transmit to other people. We detected 2 cases of indigenous malaria (P.vivax) that they were worked in western parts of the demilitarized zone (DMZ) during army period few months ago but never went out of korea, received blood products and intravenous drugs. We considered that they were were infected malaria at DMZ.

태권도 수련 학부모의 수련환경과 수련효과 만족이 수련지속 행동에 미치는 영향

이정학,전정우 한국스포츠리서치 2004 한국 스포츠 리서치 Vol.15 No.6

The purpose of this study was to provide basic information of efficient Taekwondo Gym's management by examine the effects of discipline adherence behavior on satisfaction discipline surrounding and discipline effect of Taekwondo discipline parent. 279 among Seoul and Gyeong-Gi located Taekwondo discipline parents were sampled using the convenience sampling method in this study. The survey instrument for this study was a self developed tool constructed by researcher using attained from prior studies conducted by Oh. D(1995), Kim. G(2002), Kim. J(2003). The survey instrument was consisted to total 71 items, 7 items related subject of demographic information, 3 items related to discipline adherence behavior, 32. items related satisfaction of discipline surrounding and 29 items related satisfaction to discipline effect of Taekwondo training parents. To analyze the data collected for this study, SPSS 10.0 program was used for Descriptive analysis and Multiple Regression analysis. The findings drawn from above methodology and result analysis are as follow. The satisfaction to discipline surrounding of parent showed significant effects location(β =.137, p<.05) factor on discipline period and the satisfaction to discipline effect of parent appeared significant effects friend relationship(β=.202., p<.05), interesting of children(β=.182, p<.01) factors on discipline period. Also, the satisfaction of parent showed significant effects programs(β=.262, p<.01), interesting of children(β=.139, p<.05) factors on discipline adherence behavior of achievement.

비구조적 퍼지 의사결정지원시스템을 활용한 재해예방대책에 관한 연구

이용준,정성춘,이학기 대한건축학회 2003 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.23 No.2

The hazard factors in building construction project are various and their bad effects with regard to project's efficiency are increasing due to its enlargement and complexity. However, the assessment of the construction safety is commonly dependent upon the statistical and historical information, since the existing systematic tool assisting to the effective Decision Making for estimating the safety prior to Construction Phase is inaccurate. In addition. it is true that there are the various difficulties to analyze and diagnosis the construction safety with the probabilistic approach. Because there are the many vague factors and limited resources. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to provide the way to establish the efficient preventable countermeasure against the hazard factors, corresponding to the category of the hazard characteristic, by using Non-Structural Fuzzy Decision Support System(NSFDSS) for diagnosing effectively the construction project safety.

다양한 방법을 이용한 유방축소술의 임상적 적용

김학수,이상원,정재호,설정현 大韓成形外科學會 2001 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.28 No.2

뇌낭미충증에 대한 실험적 연구

이훈갑,김성학,이기찬,주정화 대한신경외과학회 1980 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.9 No.1

Cerebral cysticercosis may produce many complications and various types of tissue reactions to the parenchyma of the brain. The purpose of the present investigation was to study the nature of the reactions of the brain tissue responding to a direct contract with the fluid contents of cysticercus cyst. The experiments were performed in 15 albino rats in which the brain lesions were made on the frontal region by injecting the fluid contents which was obtained from subcutaneous nodules of human patient with cysticercosis. The fluid contents, 0.5ml for each animal, was injected with 26 gauge hypodermal needle into the left cerebral hemisphere beneath the cortex for experimental group, and same amount of normal saline into the right hemisphere identical to the region of the left for the control group. Histopathological studies were carried out on the train lesions at interval of 3 days, 7 days and 15 days following injection of the contents and normal saline. Findings of generalized and regional edema of the brain were observed in varying degrees, which were evident and severe in 3-day and 7-day experimental groups and decreasing in severity thereafter. In the group of normal saline injection, the microscopic findings of the lesions were mainly of a mild inflammatory reactions with scattered fibroblast or condensation of the nervous tissue. In 3-day experimental group, there were pleomorphic infiltration of neutrophils and histiocytes. In 7-day experimental group, there were prominent cellular reaction, gliosis and vascular proliferation more than those observed in 3-day group. In 15-day experimental group, inflammatory cells and gliosis were reduced in number and. degree, but definitive granuloma with proliferation of vascular fibroblast in its outer layer was developed.

흔적이론과 의미해석

이영헌,조학행,이흥수,허정 조선대학교 외국문화연구소 1980 外國文化硏究 Vol.3 No.1

표준이론(Standard Theory)에 있어서 한 문장의 의미해석은 오직 심층구조에 의해서만 가능하였다. 그러나 어떤 문장에 있어서는 심층구조의 정보만으로는 그 문장이 지니고 있는 모든 의미를 나타내주지 못하는 경우가 있기 때문에 표층구조에서도 의미해석을 하여야 할 경우가 생긴다. 이와 같은 문법기술의 궁극적 목표인 의미해석에 밝은 전망을 주지 못하는 표준이론은 확대표준이론으로 발전되었다. 확대표준이론(Extended Standard Theory)에 의하면 한 문장의 의미해석은 심층구조와 표층구조를 모두 다 들여다 보아야 가능하다. 그러므로 의미해석의 정보를 심층구조에서 뿐만 아니라 표층구조에서도 택하여야 한다면, 어떤 정보는 심층구조에서 얻어야 하고, 또 어떤 정보는 표층구조에서 얻어야 할 것이냐 하는 문제가 생긴다. 다시 말하면 심층조와 표층구조가 제공하는 정보의 구별에 따르는 문제가 생기는 의미해석의 문제도 그만큼 복잡해진다. 뿐만 아니라 두 구조가 제공하는 정보에 의한 의미해석이 복잡해짐에 따라 의미가 동일한 두 문장과 한 문장이 두개 이상의 의미를 지녔을 경우의 의미해석은 더욱 어려운 문제가 된다.