Electrical and Morphological Properties of Nano Silver Ink with Low Sintering Temperature

최종학,윤호규,이규원 한국고분자학회 2008 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.33 No.2

고객만족이 구전커뮤니케이션과 브랜드 태도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구: 교육서비스를 중심으로

최종학,김정구,여준상 한국전략마케팅학회 2012 마케팅논집 Vol.20 No.3

소비자들이 구매의사결정 과정에서 구전에 크게 의존하는 교육서비스 부문의 경우 대부분의 학자들이 구전의 영향력을 밝히려는 연구에 별로 관심을 보이지 않았다. 따라서 본 연구는 교육서비스를 중심으로 고객만족도가 구전활동에 미치는 영향뿐 아니라 구전활동이 브랜드 태도에 미치는 영향을 동시에 분석해 보고자 하였다. 실증분석 결과 교육서비스에 대한 소비자의 만족도가 높을수록 긍정적 구전활동이 늘어나고 만족도가 낮을수록 부정적 구전활동이 늘어나는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 긍정적 구전활동이 긍정적 브랜드 태도에 영향을 미치고 부정적 구전활동이 부정적 브랜드 태도에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났는데, 이는 자기지각 이론이 교육서비스 분야에서 구전행동과 태도와의 관계를 설명해줄 수 있는 것으로 볼 수 있다. 아울러 자기지각 이론이 부정적인 방향(부정적 구전 행동이 부정적 브랜드 태도 형성에 영향을 미침)으로도 적용될 수 있음을 보여주었다. 한편 연구 1의 결과는 고객만족이 긍정적 구전활동에 미치는 효과가 부정적 구전 활동에 미치는 영향보다 강하다는 것을 밝혀주었다. 이러한 결과는 교육서비스의 특성상 나타날 수 있는 침묵 효과와 내적 귀인 경향으로 인해 부정적 구전행동이 억제됨으로써 결과적으로 긍정적 구전행동이 부정적 구전 행동보다 더 강하게 표출된 것으로 해석할 수 있다. 연구 2에서는 자신감, 관여도, 사회적 책임감 등 개인적 특성과 관련된 변수들이 긍정 또는 부정 구전활동에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 실증 분석 결과 자신감과 사회적 책임감이 긍정적 구전활동에 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 부정적 구전활동과 관련된 가설들이 기각된 것은 마찬가지로 수험생 특성상 침묵 효과와 내적 귀인 현상이 작용한 결과로 해석된다. Despite numerous studies on WOM(Word-of-Mouth) in the last few decades, little is known about the relationship among CS(Customer Satisfaction), WOM and brand attitude. In addition, most authors have paid little attention to WOM effects in the educational services area where consumers rely their decision- making largely on WOM. To close this research gap, this study examines not only the effects of CS on WOM but also the effects of WOM on brand attitude, focusing on educational services. The results of STUDY 1 show that CS affects WOM behavior and that WOM behavior affects brand attitude. Academically, this result is meaningful because WOM effects on brand attitude can be explained by the self-perception theory where attitude is judged after behavior, contrary to the classical consumer behavior model. Another interesting finding is that the self-perception theory can be extended to explain behavior-attitude relationship in a negative way (negative WOM affects negative brand attitude), while the theory was usually applied to explain a positive relationship between behavior and attitude. In addition, the findings of STUDY 1 indicate that the positive effects of CS on WOM is stronger than the negative effects of CS on WOM. This result can be explained by the possibility that mum effect and internal attribution“ tendency weakened the negative WOM behavior of consumers. STUDY 2 examines the influence of some individual factors affecting WOM behavior. Among these factors, self-confidence and social responsibility are found to affect positive WOM behavior. The empirical results from this research suggest that marketers in educational services area should pay more attention to the strategies to increase the number of satisfied customers rather than those designed to decrease the number of dissatisfied customers in order to strengthen brand attitude.

단기비이양식 중선거구제의 선거구 크기와 정당별 의석점유율: 제6, 7회 전국동시지방선거 기초의회 선거

최종학,조원빈 한국사회역사학회 2019 담론 201 Vol.22 No.3

Using the 6th and 7th local election results, this study analyzes the effects of the single non-transferable vote(SNTV) system on party seat shares focusing on district-level. Under SNTV system, the larger the district magnitude, the greater the chances for minority parties to win seats, and the smaller the district magnitude, the greater the chances for the major party to win seats. The results were not consistent with the assumption. The results show that many minority parties had no benefits from those 4-seat districts. The major party was even able to get higher seat shares in the larger district magnitude such as 3-seat districts. It is natural for the electoral system to affect the outcome of the election, but that is not the only factor. The nomination strategies carried out by each political party under a given environment, such as the election system and the atmosphere of election campaigns, can also have an important impact on the election results. This study shows the importance of district level analysis in the electoral studies. 이 연구는 제6, 7회 전국동시지방선거 결과를 통해 기초의회 선거제도인 단기비이양식 중선거구제의 제도적 효과가 기대하는 방향으로 작동하는지 선거구 수준에서 체계적으로 분석했다. 단기비이양식 중선거구제 하에서 선거구 크기가 클수록 소수정당이 의석을 획득할 기회가 높고 선거구 크기가 작을수록 거대정당이 의석을 획득할 기회가 높을 것이라는 가설을 선거구 수준에서 검증한 것이다. 그 결과는 일관되게 나타나지 않았다. 비교한 결과 다수의 소수정당은 선거구 크기가 커져도 의석 점유율은 통계적으로 차이가 없었다. 오히려 거대정당은 선거구 크기가 커졌음에도 의석점유율이 높은 경우를 확인할 수 있었다. 선거 결과에 선거제도가 영향을 미치는 것은 당연하지만, 그게 유일한 요인은 아닐 것이다. 선거제도와 선거 캠페인, 분위기 등 주어진 환경 하에서 각 정당이 행하는 공천 전략도 선거 결과에 중요한 영향을 미칠 수 있다. 이 연구는 기초의회 선거제도에 대한 선거구 수준 분석의 중요성을 보여주었다.

실질지배력에 따른 SK기업집단의 연결범위 결정사례

최종학,안혜진,조미옥 한국회계학회 2021 회계저널 Vol.30 No.2

This study examines the determination of consolidation scope in SK corporation group. Especially, at the point of 2011, when K-IFRS was adopted, this case study investigates whether the ultimate controlling party of SK group, SK C&C has de facto control over SK corporation, the holding company of SK group. Then, this study also examines whether SK corporation controls its subsidiaries, SK Innovation and SK Telecom. Both parent-subsidiary relationships are the cases when the proportion of the equity held by investor is less than 50%. This study discusses whether the determination of de facto control among associated companies in SK group, and the corresponding changes in consolidation scope are appropriate in accordance with K-IFRS 1110. While the definition of de facto control under K-IFRS 1027 is rather abstract, K-IFRS 1110 suggests more clear indicators of controlling power to determine de facto control. Based on the indicators, we can not find evidence that SK C&C has control over SK corporation. However, there are enough evidence that SK corporation controls its subsidiaries. Therefore, although the investor’s ownership percentage in the investee is similar in both cases, SK C&C should not include SK corporation, and SK corporation should include SK Innovation and SK Telecom in their scope of consolidation based on K-IFRS 1110. By exploring the case of determining consolidation scope in a large corporation group, this study is expected to give helpful implication to corporate practitioners who are responsible for determining consolidation scope, accounting firms, and regulatory authorities. 본 연구는 SK기업집단(그룹)의 자회사 연결 사례를 통해 기업집단 안에서 연결재무제표 작성을 위한 연결범위 결정이 어떻게 이루어지는지 살펴본다. 특히 본 사례연구는K-IFRS 연결회계기준이 도입된 시점인 2011년을 기준으로 SK기업집단의 최상위 지배회사인 SK C&C와 그룹의 지주회사인 SK㈜, 그리고 SK㈜와 SK이노베이션 및 SK텔레콤간의 지배-종속 관계를 검토한다. 이는 모두 투자회사가 과반 미만의 지분을 보유한 경우로, 본 연구는 당시 SK기업집단 관계기업들간의 실질지배력 판단과 연결범위 결정이K-IFRS 연결회계기준에 따라 적정하였는지 살펴본다. 추상적으로 실질지배력을 보유하고있는지를 확인하도록 규정한 K-IFRS 제1027호에 비해, K-IFRS 제1110호는 보다 명확히 여러 지표들(우선적 지표 및 보조적 지표)을 제시하여 실질지배력을 판단하도록 하고있다. 해당 지표를 바탕으로 살펴본 결과 SK C&C의 경우에는 구 SK㈜를 지배하고 있다고 볼 수 있는 근거들을 찾을 수 없었으나, 구 SK㈜는 SK이노베이션 및 SK텔레콤 등 자회사들을 지배하고 있다고 볼 수 있는 근거들이 다수 존재하였다. 따라서 투자회사가 보유한 피투자회사 지분율이 유사함에도 불구하고 SK C&C는 구 SK㈜를 연결하지 않는 것이, 그 반대로 구 SK㈜는 자회사들을 연결하는 것이 적절한 회계처리였다고 판단할 수 있다. 본 연구는 한 기업집단의 연결범위 결정사례를 구체적으로 살펴봄으로써 실무상 연결 범위결정에 관여하는 각 기업의 회계담당자, 회계법인 및 이를 감독하는 금융감독기관에게실무상 유용한 시사점을 제공할 것으로 기대한다.

의료환경 변화에 대비한 의학기술부문의 교육방향

최종학,윤범철,조경진,이준협,임국환,고성진,최경호 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 2003 保健科學論集 Vol.29 No.1

Under the pressure to open the service market as proposed by World Trade Organization, we can easily expect our educational systems for allied health professions will experience a lot of changes in near future. Accordingly, we compared our current educational systems for allied health professions with the foreign ones and mapped out some strategies predicting the forthcoming enormous changes. Major investigations and analysis are summed up as follows, The educational programs for allied health professions which was started in 1963 in Korea are stilled remained as 2 to 3 school years, while the systems in advanced countries have already been changed or been changing from 2 year to 4 year college levels. We can hardly find the uniform educational system or school years for the allied health professions in the world except for Korea. Fortunately, university level four-year programs for the profession was established in 1979 in Won-joo for the first time in Korea. However, there are still only few four-year programs in this country. To meet the rapidly changing needs we have faced in the health areas we should supply appropriate health personnel through various efforts. Now we would like to suggest followings, <Educational goals for the allied health professions> 1) reconfirming characteristics for the educational goals of health professions 2) extending school years for the allied health professions 3) strengthening clinical training and internship 4) expanding opportunities for the continuing education through lifelong education 5) upgrading from old-fashioned technologies to advanced technologies 6) cultivating competencies of health professionals for the global competition <Suggestions for the Development of Allied Health Professions> 1) reforming the school years of educational programs for the allied health professions to meet the global standards 2) expanding the role of junior college programs for the allied health professions through the development of intensive courses in the professions. 3) diversifying and specializing the allied health professions mainly through 4 year B.S. degree programs.

보건소의 방사선과 업무에 관한 조사연구

최종학,전만진,허준,박성옥 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 1985 방사선기술과학 Vol.8 No.2

전문방사선사 제도의 개발에 관한 연구

최종학,김유현,강희두,오문규,김병도,한승희 대한방사선과학회(구 대한방사선기술학회) 2000 방사선기술과학 Vol.23 No.1

방사선 치료 시 종양선량을 예측하는 방법에 관한 연구

최종학,고현식,이병구,김유현 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 2003 保健科學論集 Vol.29 No.2

The aim of this study is to develop a simple method which computes in-vivo doses from transmission doses measured during patient treatment using an ionization chamber. Energy fluence and the dose that reach the chamber positioned behind the patient is modified by three factors : patient attenuation, inverse square attenuation, and scattering. We adopted a straightforward empirical approach using a phantom transmission factor (PTF) which accounts for the contribution from all three factors. It was done as follows. First of all, the phantom transmission factor was measured as a simple ratio of the chamber reading measured with and without a homogeneous phantom in the radiation beam according to various field sizes(r_(p)) and phantom thickness(T_(p)). Secondly, we used the concept of effective field to the cases with irregular fields. The effective field size is calculated by finding the field size that produces the same value of PTP to that for the irregular field. The hypothesis is that the presence of irregular field can be accommodated to a certain extent by altering the field size. Thirdly, the center dose at the prescription depth can be computed using the new TMR(r_(p,eff)) and Sp(r_(p,eff)) from the effective field size. After that, when TMR(d, r_(p,eff)) and S_(p)(r_(p,eff)) are acquired, the tumor dose is as follows. D_(center) = D_(t)/PTF(d_(g), T_(p))×(SCD/SAD)²×S_(p)(r_(p,eff))×TMR(d, r_(p,eff)) As the field size increased, the errors showed a tendency to increase. Generally, with this method the absolute midline, dose was predicted with an accuracy of about 2.53% and 2.37% for 6 MV and 10MV X-rays. A simple method of in-vivo dose reconstruction and verification was developed. The efficacy of this method is limited by the field size. Thus, the method developed in this study should be used with care for relatively large field sizes. Further clinical test awaits this study.

醫學映像檢査에 대한 臨床的 統計의 分析

최종학,이창엽 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 1998 保健科學論集 Vol.24 No.1

This study was to analyze statistical data to find the distribution of the latest medical imaging technology in the field of Computed Tomography(CT), Ultrasonography and Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI). The data were obtained from diagnostic radiology, Korea University Hospital in the recent 5 years(l993-1997). The results were as follows. 1. The total number of patients examined using CT were 44,990. According to the order of examination items, brain examination had the most patients among various diagnostic areas followed by abdomen(12,101), chest(3,176), pelvis(2,207), neck(2,118) and spine(l,848) in sequence. 2. There were 62,090 patients examined by ultrasonography. According to the order of examination items, upper abdomen region had the most patients(50,630) followed by lower abdomen region(2,925), biopsy and aspiration(l,971), duplex(l,431), breast(972) and sonoguided P.EJ.(950) in sequence. 3. The total number of patients examined using MRI were 16,827. According to the order of examination items, brain showed the highest cases(8,270 patients) followed by lumbar vertebra(2,631), chest · mediastinum · lung(l,124), cervical vertebra(l,221), thoracic vertera(752) and knee joint(567). 4. The monthly distribution of patients for medical imaging ware 2,296 on the average. The number of patients did not show significant change according to mouths and four seasons. 5. In terms of time shift for examination, the most patients were examined during 9 to 10 AM(33.0%), followed by 11-12 AM(20.1%), 1-2 PM(11.3%), 3-4 PM(11.2%), 7-8 AM(7.7%) and 5-6 PM(6.1%) in sequence. 6. The age distribution of patients in medical imaging, 55-59 years had a more than majority(15.5%) followed by 40-44 years(10.6%), 50-54 years(10.3%), over 70 years(9.0%), 45-49 years(8.5%) and 60-64 years(8.2%) in sequence. 7. For sex distribution, male patients showed a higher percentage(56.4%) for examination than female patients(43.6%). 8. In relation to referral departments for 3 fields, emergency medicine made the most referrals for CT followed by gastrointestinal internal medicine, otorhinolaryngology, general surgery, neurosurgery, hematooncology and neurology in sequnce. Additionaly, ultrasonography had a different distribution compared with CT, shoring the most referrals from gastrointestinal internal medicine, general surgery, emergency medicine, nephrology, family medicine, pediatrics and pulmonology. For MRI, neurosurgery had the most cases of referrals followed by neurology, orthopedic surgery, rehabilitation medicine, psychiatry, otorhinolaryngology and gastrointestinal internal medicine. 9. CT showed 67.5% of contrast medium usage-rate followed by 60.4% of it in MRI. In contrast, ultrasonogrphy did not use any contrast medium. 10. For films used, 4 films(33.3%) were used most in CT, 2 films(28.6%), 3 films(16.2%) and 1 film(8.5%). For ultiasonography, 1 film(58.7%), 2 films(40.6%) and for MRI, 7 films(37.1%), 5 films(20.1%), 4 films(12.2%), 6 films(8.9%) in sequence.

보건계 전문대학 교육의 현황 분석

최종학,김유현 高麗大學校 倂設 保健大學 保健科學硏究所 1997 보건과학 학술 세미나 Vol.- No.5