흰쥐 망막에서 콜린성 신경원의 분포양상과 연접회로

김인범,오수자,나화균,이문용,천명훈 대한해부학회 1998 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.31 No.1

대형 소매업태 발전의 국제비교 : focus on the developing process and appearance of Korean, American and Japanse large retailers 한·미·일 대형소매업태의 발전과정을 중심으로

이덕훈,이인표,박재수 韓日經商學會 1998 韓日經商論集 Vol.16 No.-

The study is of analyzing the developing tendency of national large retailer business through the comparition of Korean, American, Japanese ones with the reality of the Korean distributing industry under the process of industralization. Generally speaking, the changes in retailer institutions are made possible by changing the relevant leading positions as to content of the specific innovation in a retailer business is concerned, and the dynamic change of the retailer institution structure can be seen in the process. "Similar process and types" can be expected in the developing process of the retailer businesses in different countries when they fulfill the innovation in the different stages of economic development. However, "common models" do not exist at all. In conclusion, the similarities and differences of the businesses in the three countries can be found out through the comparition of the relevant developing processes. In this point, it is clear to notice the each situation in the department stores, GMS and large discount stores with the luxurious/fashionable and practical/functional tendency as the priority in American. Whereas the Japanese retailer businesses show mixed above characteristics. In other word, the style of retailer businesses can be seen in the mixed state of the luxurious/fashionable and practical/functional tendency of customers who considers who consider the food categories as the first demand. However, in Korea, the competitive advantage is rather weak as the short developing history of the distributing businesses and large retailers. Therefore, the operating states are considerably different although some similarities between the retailor businesses in different countries exist, when the convergence and movement of the population, growth of income, behavior and valuation are considered as the criteria, and when the exterior appearance is taken into account. In the end, in the light of the reality of immaturity in the environmental conditions of the above developing factors in the industrializing process, the developed state of retailer businesses can be seen in the large economical department stores in the Japanese model.

수종의 식물섬유의 급이가 고콜레스테롤 혈증 흰쥐의 지질 대상 미치는 영향 : 2. 주요장기의 지방산 조성 2. Fatty Acid Composition in Principal Organ tissue

강훈이,서인숙,이호신 麗水水産大學校 産業技術硏究所 1995 産業基術硏究所 論文集 Vol.4 No.-

This study was designed to observe the effects of feeding dietary fiber on the improvement of the fatty acid metabolism in brain, heart and lung in dietary hypercholesterolemic rats. Experimental groups with 5% level of cellulose(A group as control group), chinese cabbage root(B group),tora stalk (C group)and sweet potato stalk (D group)were adminstered to the male rats of the Sprague-Dawley for 4 weeks. The results obtaind are as follows. In the fatty acid composition of total lipid, phospholipid in the brain, the docosahexaenoic acid in the PUFA was major fatty acid. In the fatty acid composition of total lipid, phospholipid in the brain, the docosahexaenoic acid in the PUFA was major fatty acid. While in the fatty acid composition total lipid and phospholipid in the heart, the eicosapentaenoic acid in the PUFA was major fatty acid. And in the fatty acid composition of total lipid and phospholipid in the lung, the content of palmitic acid and oleic acid were higer than other fatty acid. These fats were influenced by the fatty acid composition of the test lipids. From the above result, the feeding of chinese root was effective on the improvement of the lipid compositions in principal organ tissue.

한국산 꿩 정세관 상피와 Testosterone, LH 및 FSH 혈청농도의 계절적 변화에 관한연구

양홍현,김인식,이영훈,백영기 대한해부학회 1997 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.30 No.3

비소세포폐암에서 Microsatellite Instability

전효성,김정란,손지웅,박선하,박태인,김창호,김인산,정태훈,박재용 경북대학교 병원 2001 경북대학교병원의학연구소논문집 Vol.5 No.1

연구베경:MMR 유전자의 불활성화에 의해 야기되는 뮤전적 불안정성은 발암기전의 한 부류로 인정되고 있다.저자들은 비소세포폐암의 발암과정에서의 MSI의 역할을 규명하기 위해 비소세포폐암에서 MSI의 빈도 및 MSI 유무에 따른 임상상의 차이를 조사하였다. 대상 및 방법:근치적 절제술을 받은 비소세포폐암 20예를 대상으로 하였다.동결된 폐암조직과 환자의 림프구에서 DNA를 추출한 후 3P와 9p의 15개의 marker들을 대상으로 PCR을 시행하고 7% polyacrylamide gel에서 전기영동한 후 silver 염색을 시행하였다. 암조직과 림프구 DNA의 PCR product의 band를 비교하여 MSI와 LOH를 판정하였다. 결과:1)대상환자들은 남자 19예,여자 1예였으며 모두 흡연자였고 평균 흠연력은 47 갑년이었다. 폐암의 조직형은 편평상피암 15예, 선암 4예,대세포암 1예였고, 술 후 병리학적 병기는 Ⅰ기 6예,Ⅱ기 5예, ⅢA기 7예,ⅢB기 2예였다. 2)20예 가운데 8예(40%)에서 MSI가 관찰되었으며 3예는 한 개의 marker에서,5예는 2개 이상의 marker에서 MSI가 관찰되었다. 3)LOH는 10예(50%)에서 있었으며,LOH유무에 따른 병가 및 흡연력의 차이가 없었다. 4)분석한 marker의 10% 이상에서 MSI가 관찰된 MSI-L종양은 5예였으며, 대부분의 marker에서 MSI양성인 MSI-H종양은 없었다.MSS종양과 MSI-L종양은 흡연력, 병기, 폐암 조직형 및 LOH 빈도의 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론:비소세포폐암에서 MSI는 비교적 흔히 관찰되지만 MMR 유전자의 불활성화에 의한 MMP pathway 는 비소세포폐암의 주요 발생기전은 아닐 것으로 생각된다.향 후 비소세포폐암의 발암과정에 있어서 MMP pathway의 역할을 규명하기 위해서는 보다 많은 예를 대상으로 한 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각되며, MSI 발생기전에 관한 추가적인 연구가 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Purpose: Microsatellite instability(MSI) is frequently used as an indicator of microsatellite mutator phenotype (MMP) tumors.MSI has been observed in a percentage of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC).However, its role in tumorigenesis of NSCLC remains unknown.The frequency and partten of MSI in NSCLC were evaluted and clinical parameters of MSI-positive tumors with those of MSS(microsatellite stable) tumors were compared. Materials and Methods: Twenty surgically resected NSCLCs were analyzed for 15 microsatellite markers located at chromosomes 3p and 9p.The peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients were used as the source of the normal DNA. Results:1) of 20 cases, 8(40%) demonstrated MSI. 2) Instability was observed more frequently in tri- and tetra-nucleotide repeats that in dinucleotide repeats. In all cases, instability appeared as a shift of individual allelic bands. 3) LOH was observed in 10(50%) of 20 tumors analyzed. 4) Of 20 cases, MSI-H tumor(showing MSI in the majority of markers) was absent. There were 5 MSI-L tumors( showing MSI in a greater than 10% of markers). 5) No significant difference was observed between MSI-L tumors and MSI negative tumors in terms of clinicopathologic features such as pack-year history of smoking, histologic subtype, and (delete) stage of disease.There was also no significant difference in the incidence of LOH in relation to the status of MSI. Conclusion: These data strongly suggest that MSI plays different roles in lung and colon cancer.MMP pathway appears to be far less important in the tumorigenesis of NSCLC, caused mainly by cigarette smoke, with little familial tendency.(tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2000,48:24-32)

자란,풍란 및 나도풍란의 기내 종자발아에 관한 연구

김형근,강훈,소인섭 濟州大學校 亞熱帶農業硏究所 1999 亞熱帶農業硏究 Vol.16 No.-

우리나라 자생란인 자란의 기내파종시 적절한 소독방법과 적정배지 및 순화시 생존율을 높이기 위할 목적으로 uniconazole를 처리하고, 풍란과 나도풍란의 기내파종시 발아율을 높이기 위해 천연사과쥬스를 처리한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 자란의 기내파종시 종자를 Wilson 용액으로 소독하여 MS 혹은 Hyponex 3g/L 기본배지에 peptone 4g/L 배지에 파종하였을 때 발아와 생장이 가장 좋았다. 2. 기내 파종후 자란의 생장을 억제하기 위하여 uniconazole을 처리한 결과 활성탄 2g/L와 uniconazole 0.01mg/L를 첨가한 처리에서 초장이 넓은 타원형으로 알맞게 억제되었고, 활성탄이 첨가되면 uniconazole 이 활성탄에 흡수되어 억제효과가 다소 적어 활성탄을 첨가하지 않은 처리는 첨가한 처리보다 심하게 억제되었다. 3. 풍란의 기내파종시 Hyponex 3g/L 배지에서는 발아 후 생장이 전혀 이루어 지지 않았고 MS배지에서는 발아만 하였으나, Hyponex 3g/L에 천연 100% 사과쥬스를 첨가한 처리에서는 pH에 관계없이 전처리에서 발아하여 NAA 1mg/L에 활성탄을 첨가한 처리에서 발아와 생장이 가장 좋았다. 4. 나도풍란의 종자 발아와 생육에 대한 배지의 적용성은 풍란의 경우와 유사한 경향을 보여주었다. pH 5.8에 활성탄을 첨가하지 않고 NAA를 1mg/L 첨가한 처리만 발아 후 생장을 하였다. 발아와 생장이 잘된 배지는 Hyponex 3g/L에 천연 사과 주스 100ml/L를 첨가한 처리였으며 PH와 활성탄 및 NAA의 첨가에 관계없이 발아와 생장이 왕성했다. In order to find proper media, accurate sterilizing method and further growth on in vitro-seeding of Bletilla striata, korean native orchid, the uniconazole were treated. And the Neofinetia falcata and Aerides japonicum were treated with natural apple juice to improve germination ratio in vitro-seeding. The results obtained were as follows : 1. Germination and growth of Bletilla striata were the highest in case of seeding to MS or Hyponex 3g/L + peptone 4g/L media after sterilized them by Wilson's solution. 2. The results to promote growth of Bletilla striata after in vitro-seeding were that leaf shape was properly restrained widely ellipse in treated with 2g/L activated charcoal and 0.01mg/L uniconazole, and the treatment of uniconazole was more restrained than the treatment of activated charcoal. 3. In vitro-seeding of Neofinetia falcata, growth after germination was not affected in Hyponex 3g/L media and a little growth is shown in MS media. But in treatment which apple juice 100 ml/L was treated with Hyponex 3g/L, sprouting is shown in every treatments regardless of pH, and the total growth of seedlings is the best in the treatment of activated charcoal 2g/L and NAA 1mg/L. 4. In case of seeding of Aerides japonicum, germination rate and growth were similar trend to Neofinetia falcata. In every treatments of MS media, germination is a little bit, but further growth after germination was shown in treatment which treated NAA 1mg/L and pH 5.8 without activated charcoal. The best germination and growth media for 2 examined seeds were the treatment which apple juice 100 ml/L was treated with Hyponex 3g/L, but there was no effect on pH level, activated charcoal and NAA.

비만 환자에서 비만관련 유전자 다형성에 따른 체중감량차이 : 지방흡수억제제를 복용한 환자를 대상으로 In Cases of Subjects with Orlistat for Weight Reduction

서영성,김대현,이인규,이근미,김영훈 대한비만학회 2003 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.13 No.4

연구배경: 지금까지 유전자 이상과 비만의 관계에 대한 연구는 대부분 단면연구이며 결과 또한 서로 상반된 경우가 많았다. 그러므로 이들 유전자가 비만에 미치는 영향을 보기 위해서 단면연구보다 장기적인 연구가 더 적절하다. 본 연구의 목적은 체중조절을 목적으로 인정된 약물 중 식욕, 대사율 증가및 지방분해에 직접 관여하지 않는 orlistat를 복용하는 비만환자에서 식욕에 관여하는 leptin 수용체 유전자와 지방의 분해와 기초대사량 증가에 관여하는 베타-3 아드레날린 수용체 유전자의 다형성에 따른 체중감량의 차이에 대하여 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 대상군은 2001년 10월부터 2002년 8월까지 대구시내 3개 병원에 비만치료를 목적으로 내원한 환자 중 BMI 27 kg/m² 이상인 18∼65세 남녀로 orlistat를 복용한 환자 81명이었다. 이들은 매 방문시마다 신체계측하였고 2주마다 저열량 식사교육을 실시하였다. 유전자 분석은 베타-3 아드레날린 수용체 Trp64Arg 다형성과 렙틴수용체 Gln223Arg 다형성을 보았고 분석결과에 따라 두 군으로 나누었다. 결과: 1. Orlistat를 12주 복용한 결과 체중, 허리둘레 및 BMI는 각각 4.1±0.4 kg, 4.6±0.5 cm, 1.7±0.3 kg/m² 감소하였다. 2. 렙틴유전자 다형성에 따라 정상 동형접합체 및 이형접합체군과 변이 동형접합체군 간의 체중, 허리 둘레, 및 BMI 감소정도는 12주 후 체중이 변이 동형접합체에서 더 많이 감소하였으나 통계적인 차이는 없었다. 베타-3 아드레날린 수용체 유전자 다형성에 따라 정상동형접합체군과 이형접합체군 및 변이 동형접합체군 간의 체중 허리둘레 BMI 감소 정도는 12주 후 이형 및 변이동형접합체 군에서 더 많이 감소하였으나 현저한 차이는 없었다. 3. Orlistat를 12주 동안 복용한 56명 중 5% 이상 체중 감소한 환자는 렙틴수용체 유전자 다형성에 따른 변이 동형접합체군이 60.0%로 타 군의 38.1%에 비해 높았으나 통계학적인 차이는 없었다. 또한 베타수용체 유전자에 따른 체중감소율의 비교 결과 이형 및 변이 동형접합체군에서 5%이상 체중 감소한 환자율는 57.7%로 정상동형접합체군의 46.7%에 비해 높았으나 통계학적인 차이는 없었다. 결론: 한국인을 대상으로 시행된 본 연구 결과 렙틴수용체 유전자 및 베타-3 아드레날린 수용체 유전자의 다형성은 체중감소 치료에 미치는 영향이 적을 것으로 생각된다. Background: From a lot of cross-sectional studies, the relationship between obesity and variants of obesity related gene is inconsistent. In addition, some longitudinal studies showed different results, too. Therefore, we investigated the response of anthropometric data to 12 weeks weight loss program in obese patients with Trp64Arg variants in the β-3 adrenergic receptor and Gln223Arg variants in the leptin receptor gene. Method: 81 adult obese subjects with BMI >27 kg/m² were included for this study. They were recruited for weight management from 3 hospitals in Daegu and had taken orlistat for 4 week at least. Anthropometric measurements were weight, height, waist and hip circumference. The genotypes for both genes of study subjects were determined by protocols. Results: Subjects lost significantly more weight, waist circumference, and BMI than those of before study for 12 weeks (P<0.0001). Reductions in body weight, waist circumference, and BMI. There were not significantly different between Gln carriers and noncarriers of Gln223Arg variants in leptin receptor gene or Arg carriers and noncarriers of Trp64Arg variants in -3 adrenergic receptor gene (P>0.05). During the 12 weeks of treatment, 60.1% of patients in completer with Gln noncarriers of leptin receptor lost more than 5% of their initial body weight and, however, were not significantly different than 38.1% of those in completer with Gln carriers. Conclusion: These results suggest that the presence of Gln223Arg variants in the leptin receptor and Trp64Arg variants in the -3 adrenergic receptor in subjects with orlistat may not be a hindrance or a help to reduce body weight.

電子顯微鏡에 依한 根端細胞의 微細構造의 比較硏究

李載斗,李旺熏,蘇仁永 成均館大學校 1967 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

羊齒植物의 개고사리 (Athyrium nipponicum), 裸子植物의 은행나무(Ginkgo biloba), 雙子葉 植物의 봉선화(Impatiens Balsamina), 單子葉植物인 벼(Oryza sativa),의 根端分裂組織細胞의 微細構造를 比較하기 위하여 各 材料의 根端組織部位를 1% Osmium tetroxide로 固定하고 Methacrylate resin에 埋沒하여 100∼200Å로 切斷하여 電子顯微鏡으로 觀察하였든바 mitochondria의 fragmentation의 過程과 cristae의 構造가 明白하고, 原始色素體에는 未發達狀態인 lamellae가 存在하고 있으며 mitochondria와 原始色素體와의 크기가 區別되었다. Golgi體는 봉선화와 벼 以外에는 明白하지 못하고 endoplasmic reticulum은 全面的으로 細胞內에 均等히 分布되어 있으나 核 周圍에 많이 集中되는 傾向이 있었다. Amyloplast는 은행나무와 벼에서만 나타났으며 lipid body는 液胞속에서 形成되는 것을 觀察할 수 있었다. mitochondria, endoplasmic ieticulum, proplastid의 數는 벼, 봉선화, 은행나무, 및 개고사리의 系統的 順序로 나타났음이 特徵的이다. 細胞質에 比한 核의 크기도 벼. 봉선화, 은행나무 및 개고사리의 順序이나 nucleous의 크기는 細胞質比의 反應이었다. 은행나무에 있어서는 nucleous가 nucleoloneme의 構造를 하고있고 2個가 存在하는 것이 特異하였다. As the results of investigation of the fine structures of meristematic cell of the root tips of Athyruim nipponicum in Pteriodophyta, Ginkgo biloba in Gymnospermae, Impatiens Balsamina in Dicotyledone, and Oryza sativa in Monocotyledone, we observed the difference in them. We cut off the meristematic part of their root tips and fixed them with 1% Osmium tetroxide under the room temperature. After embeding them in methacrylate resin, we cut them into the thickness of 100-200 Å with ultramicrotome and them reinforced them with carbon in the vacuum evaporator and observted it with the electron microscope. As the results we obtained the following: 1. It was possible to observe the fragmentation process of the mitochondria and also to distinguish the proplastid from the mitochondria in their sizes. Further it was observed that there existed the constructure of unmatured lamellae in the proplastid while the mitochondria had the figure of cristae. 2. The golgi apparatus had the structure of cisternae, which were able to be seen only in the two plants of the Impatiens Balsamina and Oryza sativa, and were not apparently seen in the others than the above two. 3. The endoplasmic reticulums were distributed uniformly in the cytoplasm, however, tended to concentrate around the nucleus. 4. The formation on the amyloplast, which proved to be in the proportion to the maturity of the proplasted, was able to be seen in the oryza sativa and Ginkgo biloba, but not to be seen in the Impatiens Balsamina and Athyrium nipponicum. 5. The lipid body was found as depositional substances, which can be observed in the vacuole. 6. The cytoplasmic nucleus ratio were also found to follow the systematic order of the Oryza sativa, Impatiens Balsamina, Ginkgo biloba, and Athyrium nipponicum. 7. The numbers of the mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, and proplastid which are contained in the cytoplasm were characterized by following the systematic order of the Oryza sativa, Impatiens Balsamina, Ginkgo biloba and Athyrium nipponicum. 8. The order of the sizes of nucleous is just opposite to the cytoplasmic nucleus ratio. 9. The nucleous of Ginkgo biloba had the structure of nucleoloneme, and was characterized by having two nuclei.

급성 췌장염에서 내시경적 역행성 담췌관 조영술의 임상적 의의

강진경,박인서,송건훈,정재복,송시영,한기준 대한소화기내시경학회 1996 Clinical Endoscopy Vol.16 No.3

The safety of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) in patients with acute pancreatitis(AP) was confirmed in the past decade. Especially in ease of acute gallstone panereatitis, early ERCP/EST(endoscopic sphincterotomy) may reduce the incidence of complications by removing gallstone which causes acute attack of pancreatitis. To assess clinical usefulness of ERCP/EST in the setting of AP, we reviewed clinical records of 58 patients with AP who had undergone ERCP /EST during the same period of admission. 1) There were thirty-four men and twenty-four women with a mean age of 51.4 (range 14-82). According to the Atlanta classification, forty-two patients were determined to have 'mild' pancreatitis, while the remaining sixteen were determined to have `severe' pancreatitis. 2) The most common indication which urged to perform ERCP was common bile duct(CBD) stones suspected by other imaging reodalities(23 cases). The next common was dilatation of CBD detected on ultrasonography in nine cases. 3) Seven patients received ERCP within 24 hours and seventeen underwent ERCP between the period of 24-72 hours after admission. Therefore 24 patients(41.4%) underuvent ERCP within 72 hours after admission. 4) The rate of visualization of either bile duct(BD) or pancreatic duct(PD) was 93.1 %. There was no significant complication attributable to the procedure itself. 5) In 8 patients(21.1%), pancreatogram revealed chronic pancreatitis. This finding was more commonly encountered in patients who were determined to have 'severe' pancreatitis. Eighteen patients(39.1%) had stones of common bile duct and this was the most common cholangiographic finding. But the incidence of CBD stone was not different between `mild' and 'severe' pancretitis groups. 6) Among various predictors of gallstone panreatitis such as elevated total blirubin, alcalin pbosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and suspected stones on sonography the stones found orb sonography was proceed to be the most sgnificant factor in prediction of gallstaMe pancreatitis(p=0.032). 7) EST was successfully performed in 13 patents without significant procedurerelated complication. 8) In patients who were treated for acute gallstone pancreatitis, there was no significant difference in various clinical paramlters including severity, in-hospital stay, incidence of complication and laboratory indings between the surgery group and the EST group. 9) ERCP was useful in 35 patients(60.3%) by providing diagnostic information or therapeutic modalities. The confirmation and endoscopic removal of CBD stones represented the most part of advantages. In conclusion, we have found ERCP/EST to be a safe and useful modality in both diagnostic and therapeutic aspects for patients with AP. Especially in patients with gallstone pancreatitis, ERCPIEST lave evolved into an important role by early identification and safe removal of gallstone.

Palobutrazol과 Chlorocholine Cholride 處理가 水稻 幼苗의 生理的 特性에 미치는 影響

류경렬,허훈,김인현 충북대학교 농업과학기술연구소 1995 農業科學硏究 Vol.12 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate the incidence of urolithiasis of Korean native cattle and beef cattle in abattoir and feedlot cattle. In addition, chemical composition of urinary calculi and field treatment of urolithiasis in feedlot cattle were also studied. The results obtained were as follows : A total of 365 heads(46.8%) of 780 cattle in abattoir were found to be urinary calculi, 55.9% of these in Korean native cattle and 44.3% in beef cattle, respectively. Seasonal incidences were relatively high in spring(57.9%) and winter(55.8%), while low in autumn(47.4%) and summer(28.0) Among 474 castrated growing cattle which feeding with pellet feeds, 318 heads(66.6%) were confirmed to urolithiasis by means of urine precipitation test. Morphological classifications of urinary calculi were appeared to 25-3% in irregular form, 24.0% in granular form, 20.7% in fine crystals, 18.0% in globular form and 12.0% in powdered form, respectively. Chemical compositions of urinary calculi were detected to relatively high levels of magnesium(17.565%) and silica(5.340%) due to feeding on Tong-il rice straw. In the field treatment of special formulated drugs to affected feedlot cattle, a total of 291 heads(91.5%) of 318 cattle were recovered as high as at the 4 weeks after treatment. The principal pathological changes were composed of hemorrhages, deceleration, degeneration and necrotic lesions on renal cortex and hemorrahages, chronic inflammatory lesions on renal pelvis and papillae, urethra and urinary bladder in the urinary system. Key words ; urolithiasis, urinary calculi, feedlot cattle.