정신지체 특수학교 전공과 및 전환교육의 운영실태와 개선방향

조인수,도금숙,전보성 한국특수교육문제연구소 2001 특수교육저널 : 이론과 실천 Vol.2 No.1

본 연구의 목적은 정신지체 특수학교의 전공과 및 전환교육의 운영실태와 개선방향을 탐색하는데 주안점을 두었다. 전공과 및 전환교육의 운영실태는 16개 영역으로 조사하고 문제점과 개선방향은 10개 영역을 중심으로 세부적인 내용을 조사 분석하였다. 여기서 조사분석된 내용은 정신지체 직업 · 전환교육에 좋은 지침이 될 수 있을 것이며 타장애영역 학생들의 직업진로 및 전환교육에 실질적인 도움을 줄 수 있을 것이다. The aims of this study are finding out the reality of the operation of the majored subjects and problems and finding out the improved methods about them. And 1 surveyed special teachers who are attending 17 special schools in Korea in which have the majored subjects about the reality of operating them and improved methods about them. First, about surveying the reality of operation, as to the majored subjects, they are mainly teaching students in the form of work training, guiding job, preparing job and daily Iiving skills through classes. The selection of majored subjects conceming jobs are made through school's direction and the cooperation among teachers, students and parents, and teaching jobs are now changed or will be changed because of the maladjustment to student' s aptitude, the assessment on their job aptitude is not being made now. There are many qualified teachers who have the certification in special school and they think that their roles as directors, guiders are important. The majoring students don’t have enough practicing places and factories. Even though they are received training about job in school, they get jobs unrelated with their received training. And they have verγ low employment as a whole. Though the transitional education program whose aims are selection in jobs, employment and enjoying jobs, it is started especially in the middle and high school courses. And it is thought that official and individualized education program is very important, also needed the cooperation among related authorities and it’s major program is used as the programs on job training. programs on job training. Next, as to the problems and improved methods, the problems about the majored subjects are the unrelatedness with job training and unreality and only one line of selection in job training. The problem about the transitional education program is the shortage in social skills, in the basement of job training and in carrγing out ability. The professional ability which is required in job guiding teacher is job training guide, many methods, the ability about assessing job aptitude, and testing their ability. The construction of the curriculum is not applying the guided curriculum rather than transforming the curriculum according to the atmosphere, and their school year should not be stuck to any one standard but be varied according to their ability and improvement. In the operation of majored subjects, it is necessarγ for them to provide real career education, the opportunity to receive various job training and the supported employments in which they can be included in their society actively.

한국인의 종교성과 종교적 배타성

윤인진(Yoon, In Jin),양대영(Yang, Dae Young) 고려대학교 아세아문제연구소 2013 亞細亞硏究 Vol.56 No.2

In recent decades, Korean religious groups have increased their political influence and conflicts between different religions have become visible and intensified. In this context, we examined the levels and patterns of religious exclusiveness in both private and public domains and the reasons for their expression in South Korean society. We used both statistical analyses that used the 2008 KGSS dataset and in-depth interviews with 15 interviewees. After pointing out limitations of the religious index developed in the United States in the multi-religious South Korean religious context, we introduced a multidimensional index that consists of religious faith, religious act, and religious function and employed both conventional variables commonly used in religious studies and new variables that seem to capture multi-religious aspects of South Korea. Results of statistical analyses show that religious faith and act have significant effects on the tolerance toward a spouse of different religion. But religious function has no significant effect on this matter. Especially the level of faith in Buddhist doctrines and the frequency of attendance in religious meetings have significant effects. In the case of support for political candidates of different religion, only religious act has an significant effect while both religious faith and religious function have no effects. Especially, the frequency of prayers is the most significant variable. Also, in general, both Buddhists and Catholics are less exclusive than Protestants in matters of marital selection and political support. Results of in-depth interviews show that religious exclusiveness is the lowest in friendship, and in support for political candidates and interpersonal relationship at workplace in decreasing order. It is the highest in marital selection. As seen in statistical analyses, differences among religious groups are also observed in in-depth interviews. Protestants are the most religious exclusive toward people of different religious in both private and public domains, and both Buddhists and Catholics are not exclusive toward other religions. Protestants exhibit strong propensity to apply their Christian teachings, rituals and practices, and values to other people, workplace and political arenas, and this causes ill feeling and repulsion among Buddhists and Catholics toward Protestants.

加里, 燐酸 및 石灰 施用量의 差異가 大豆의 生育 및 收量에 미치는 影響

李因敦,安容泰,林炳琦 서울여자대학교 1979 서울여자대학논문집 Vol.- No.8

In order to investigate the effects of P, K, and Ca fertilization on the growth and yield of late sown soybean, cultivar Clark # 36 was examined with 9 different fertilization levels by the randomized block design replicated 4 times under the field and pot conditions, and following results were obtained. 1. Growth in field and pot conditions a. The highest stem and canopy were observed at the level of 4 to 8㎏/10a for the P, and K fertilization under the condition of lime application. b. The stem and canopy were higher in the field condition than in the pot condition. c. The P, K fertilization of 4 to 8㎏/10a was effective for the branch growth under the condition of Ca application. d. The P, K and Ca fertilization did not affect the number of brancesh, diameter of stem, and number of nodes on main stem. e. The longer branch, the thicker stem, the more number of branches and nodes on main stem were observed in the pot trial than in the field trial. 2. Dry matter production in field condition a. The leaf to stem ratio was not affected by the P, K, and Ca fertilization. b. D.M. wt. was increased in accodance with increasing the fertilization level of P, K under the condition of lime application. c. SLA and LAI were increased by the increase of the P, and K fertilization level under liming condition. d. CGR, RGR and NAR were increased in accordance with increasing the P, K, level up to 8㎏/10 a under the liming condition. e. The amounts of N, P, and K absorbed during the growing period were also increased due to increase of the P, K level up to 4 to 8㎏/10a a under the condition of lime fertilization. 3. Yield and yield components in field and pot trial a. The stem wt. was increased by the increasing of P, K level up to 8 ㎏/10a under the condition of liming. b. The pod weight and grain weight were increased by the increasing of P, K fertilization level up to 4 to 8㎏/10a with liming. c. The effect of P, K on the stem grain percentage couldn't be recognized. The stem grain percentage was higher in the pot trial than in the field trial. d. The pod number per plant was increased in accordance with increasing of the P, K fertilization level with liming. The more pod number per plant was obtained from the pot trial compared with the field trial. e. The number of ovules per pod was not affected by the fertilization. The more ovules per pod was obtained from the pot culture compared with the field culture. f. The grain number per plant was increased by the P, and K fertilization of 4 to 8㎏/10a with liming. The more grain number per plant was obtained from the pot condition compared with the field condition. g. The ripend seed percentage was highest at 4 to 8㎏/10a of the P, and K fertilization level. It was higher in the pot condition than in the field condition. h. The 100 grain weight was also increased by the P, and K fertilization of 4 to 8㎏/10a. It was heavier in the field condition than in the pot condition. i. There was a tendency that soybean plants need an ample supply of balanced nutrient elements (not single element only) for the yield increase.

中學校 科學科의 實驗實習敎材의 開發硏究Ⅱ

朴泳喆,韓麟傳,李春雨,權寧駿,朴弘緖 공주대학교 사범대학 과학교육연구소 1982 과학교육연구 Vol.14 No.1

In this study a few laboratory teaching materials have been developed to be available for the effective performance of experiments and practices- a heart of inquiry learning-as a continuance of 'A study on the Development of Laboratory Teaching Materials for Middle School Science Course I' The present condition of science education has been investigated by means of questionaires, interviews and literature, the results of the present condition and problems in junior high schools are as follows: 1. The hours for science classes are considerably little for the teaching contents of science textbooks. 2. The level of teaching is beyond the student's capability in terms of their experience and intellectual development. 3. Science teachers are overburdened with much tasks, and laboratories and laboratory facilities are too insufficient and furthermore teaching is mainly conducted on the lecture method as a preperation for various entrance exams. 4. Teachers' eagerness and desirable attitude for teaching are required. In this study, materials for every branch of science have been developed to be available for the effective performance of experiments and practices through inquiries. The materials developed in this study are as follows: 1. In physics, measure apparatus of extremely small masses, length, and very little time intervals are developed. 2. In chemistry, new methods for gas generating apparatus and materials. are developed. 3. In biology, the size of quadrate and the method to decide the time in facilitating for the purpose of survey of botany community are introduced. The results of the investigation of natural enemy on Hyphantria cunea, and the study on collecting, breeding of Planaria are also shown. 4. In earth science, the laboratory teaching materials are developed for observing continuous spectrum and line spectrum. Putting the above results of study together, the suggestions are made to the effect as follows: 1. The quantity of learning should be reduced and the levels lowered in the new textbooks. 2. The development and distribution of various teaching materials(film, T,P., cassettes film, supplementary, textbook, program teaching material, individual learning material) is required. 3. The experimental instruments should be timely manufactured and distributed on the basis of effective administrative support to ensure their solidity and accuracy. 4. The concrete design to eliminate the teacher's burden should be contrived and the system for senion teachers in charge of science teaching in secondary schools, should be improved. 5. Teacher's research activities should be encouraged through various research institutes(Institute of science education , graduate school of education and the other research institutes.) 6. The disposition of laboratory assistant should be considered. 7. More positive supports from other societies relevant with education are much expected to be made.

Temporal trends and in-hospital outcomes of primary percutaneous coronary intervention in nonagenarians with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction

( Joon Young Kim ),( Myung Ho Jeong ),( Yong Woo Choi ),( Yong Keun Ahn ),( Shung Chull Chae ),( Seung Ho Hur ),( Taek Jong Hong ),( Young Jo Kim ),( In Whan Seong ),( In Ho Chae ),( Myeong Chan Cho ) 대한내과학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.30 No.6

Background/Aims: Data regarding the outcomes of primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in nonagenarians are very limited. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the temporal trends and in-hospital outcomes of primary PCI in nonagenarian STEMI patients. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed data from the Korea Acute Myocardial Infarction Registry (KAMIR) from November 2005 to January 2008, and from the Korea Working Group on Myocardial Infarction (KorMI) from February 2008 to May 2010. Results: During this period, the proportion of nonagenarians among STEMI patients more than doubled (0.59% in KAMIR vs. 1.35% in KorMI), and the rate of use of primary PCI also increased (from 62.5% in KAMIR to 81.0% in KorMI). We identified 84 eligible study patients for which the overall in-hospital mortality rate was 21.4% (25.0% in KAMIR vs. 20.3% in KorMI, p = 0.919). Multivariate analysis identified two independent predictors of in-hospital mortality, namely a final Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow < 3 (odds ratio [OR], 13.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.2 to 59.0; p < 0.001) and cardiogenic shock during hospitalization (OR, 6.7; 95% CI, 1.5 to 30.3; p = 0.013). Conclusions: The number of nonagenarian STEMI patients who have undergone primary PCI has increased. Although a final TIMI flow < 3 and cardiogenic shock are independent predictors of in-hospital mortality, primary PCI can be performed with a high success rate and an acceptable in-hospital mortality rate.

셰익스피어의 韓國受容 略史

吳仁哲 조선대학교 외국문화연구소 1987 外國文化硏究 Vol.10 No.1

In the history of Korean modern literature and art, new Korean cultural traditions could have been formed land developed under foreign influences. In order to make modern Korean literary history more systematic it is necessary to research the comparative approaches of Korean literature with European literature which influenced Korean literature covertly and overtly. In particular, among the western countries the developed countries literatures-England, German, France, America and so forth-had absolute influence on Korean literature. For instance, in the case of Korean new drama, Korean drama began to receive the western dramas in the course of decaying Korean classical Chang-plays by forces of Japanese New-school plays. The study of Korean acceptance of the western drama is to investigate the history of modern drama and to examine its quality and quantity. Meanwhile, because it is important to determine how Shakespeare, who contributed much to the development of drama world-wide, influenced Korea and how Shakespearean drama played a fundamental role in Korean dramas, they, too, were surveyed. In particular, because Shakespeare has had wide influence on Korean liberal education, literature and Korean dramaturgy as well as the world of Korean works, it is very remarkable to survey the concrete flow, and accentance process and influential relations. This is a study investigating the background of the Korean modern spirit. Strictly speaking, the history of modern Korean literature and art is not yet well enough arranged. Especially, these studies are not sufficient in the view of comparative literary approaches. There is a book written by Kim Byungcheol-'A study on the history of Korean modern translated literature'-but it is said that me merely arranged those materials into his book. Therefore, in the present situation it is urgent to have more concre te and profund studies in terms of important authors and countries. This dissertation intends to materially systemize the history of accepting Shakespeare from the point of view of comparative literary approaches. This dissertation adapts comparative approaches and actual proof approaches of Korean drama and drama world-wide synchronically. The reason is that it is necessary to the historical approaches as this study is to establish the history of modern Korean drama, and further the history of modern Korean literary art. Owing to the lack of existing studies in this field, it is essential to arrange the related materials in detail and to adapt the actual proof approaches of it. This study aims primarily to arrange the history of accepting Shakespeare in the above mentioned respects with explication. Furthermore, this is an attempt to look for how Shakespeare has influenced and improved the development of modern Korean drama and also how be has been influential in determining what direction Korean drama would take. Ultimately this dissertation is to contribute to the establishment of the history of Korean drama. It was just the age of englightenment and the sprouting periods in new civilization when William Shakespeare, the English dramatist, was introduced into korea for the first time. At that time, with a name that looked so strange to the korean people, Shakespeare seemed to be not a person as dramatist, but the greatest man that ever lived among the great names of history. Therefore, even his works were introduced only partially, not as a whole. Owing to these reasons, it became known for the first time after the 1919 samil Independence Movement by korean students studying in Tokyo that Shakespeare was a famo is dramatist of England. That is all very well, but, just after the Samil Movement the whole aspect of Shakespeare did not throw any light uopn Korean people. Korean students studying in Japan, who read several works of shakespeare's were interested in him and a few young literary enthusiasts versed in Chinese classics began to introduce him little by little Korea. Such a way of introducing Shakespeare has continued until it became a turniug point in modern Korean history at the time of the 1945 Liberation of Korea. For this neason, Shakespeare was quite alien to Korean people and only several of his plays were introduced with difficulty. In iact, if Shakespeare were on intimate terms with the people, it could be possible through the stage in the theatre. By the time when korean Liberation came, there was no theatrical company to digest and perform the plays of Shakespeare. This is why Shakespeare didn't take root deeply in Korea. But, after the Korean war of 1950~1953, the state of affairs was changed in a hurry. The korean war offered an oppertunity to accept European culture into Korea at first hand, and with the sudden development of colleges, Shakespeare, who can't be expelled from the western culture, came to this land without compulsion. Shakespeare became a compulsory subject in the university curriculum and professors belonging to the department of English literature had to write theses about Shakespeare. Furthermore, theatrical companies ususlly performed Shakespeare's plays regarding those abilities as the moment of making their substance stronger with the feeling for their sense of duty. Finally, they thought that a good theatrical company was able to perform Shakespeare's plays for the sake of winning publio recognition. From the starting point of the Korean war, so much like this, the situation was changed for the better so far as Shakespeare at least was concerned. For instance, as to studying Shakespeare, since the days of Choe Jae-seo, the Shakespearean of the 1950s, lots of theses were given every year, and all the works of Shakespeare had been translated by the scholars who majored in English literature. It is said that Shakespeare's works are on the list of good books, so most of the educated people should read them as required. So, to many Shakesqeare is very well known and closely related with Korean people.

In_xGa_1-xN/GaN 다중양자우물 구조의 광학적 성질 연구

김기홍,김인수,박헌보,배인호,유재인,장윤석,Kim, Ki-Hong,Kim, In-Su,Park, Hun-Bo,Bae, In-Ho,Yu, jae-In,Jang, Yoon-Seok 한국진공학회 2009 Applied Science and Convergence Technology Vol.18 No.1

$In_xGa_{1-x}N$/GaN 다중양자우물 구조의 EL 특성을 온도와 주입전류 변화에 따른 특성을 조사하였다 저전류와 고전류 주입시 EL 효율의 온도 의존 변화는 매우 다르게 나타나는데, 이러한 온도와 전류의 변화에 의한 독특한 EL 효율의 변화는 내부전기장의 존재 하에 순방향 바이어스에 기인한 외부전기장의 영향인 것으로 볼 수 있다. 그리고 $In_xGa_{1-x}N$/GaN 다중양자우물 구조에서 In 성비의 증가는 발광파장위치의 적색이동을 보였다. 15K에서 주입 전류의 증가에 따라 녹색 양자우물 구조는 80 meV와 청색 양자우물 구조는 22 meV의 청색 편이를 하였다. 이는 전류의 증가에 의해 단위 시간당 생성되는 캐리어 수가증가하게 되고 그에 따라 subband가 급격히 채워지는 band filling 현상이 일어나게 되어 짧은 파장에서 재결합이 증가하기 때문이다. 그리고 청색과 녹색 다중 양자우물구조의 짧은 파장 쪽으로의 편이 차이는 In 농도에 기인한 것으로 In 농도가 높으면 양자우물 깊이가 증가되어 더 강한 양자속박효과가 작용하여 캐리어 구속력이 증가하기 때문 것으로 볼 수 있다. Temperature and injection current dependence of electroluminescence(EL) spectral intensity of the $In_xGa_{1-x}N$/GaN multi-quantum wells(MQW) have been studied over a wide temperature range and as a function of injection current level. It is found that a temperature-dependent variation pattern of the EL efficiency under very low and high injection currents shows a drastic difference. This unique EL efficiency variation pattern with temperature and current can be explained field effects due to the driving forward bias in presence of internal(piezo and spontaneous polarization) fields. Increase of the indium content in $In_xGa_{1-x}N$/GaN multiple quantum wells gives rise to a redshift of 80 meV and 22 meV for green and blue MQW, respectively. It can be explained by carrier localization by potential fluctuation of multiple quantum well and MQW structures also shows a keen difference owing to the different indium content in InGaN/GaN MQW.

Investigation on the electronic state of In-doped ZnO nanocrystals by hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy

Mina Jung,Sunyeo Ha,Seungjun Oh,구지은,Keisuke Kobayashi,Tae-In Jeon,Yoshihiro Murakami,Jiho Chang,Takafumi Yao 한국물리학회 2009 Current Applied Physics Vol.9 No.2

ZnO:In nanocrystals (NCs) with various In contents were synthesized by using a mixed source vapor transportation method. The morphological variation and electronic structure of ZnO:In NCs were studied by bulk sensitive hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (HX-PES). ZnO:In NCs are classified into ZnOlike hexagonal and In2O3-like cubic groups, based on the crystal structure, and we have estimated the In content for the phase transformation to be as high as 35 atomic% (atm.%). A filled electronic state in the conduction band was observed from the ZnO-like group, which is regarded as a metallic state, due to an increase of extrinsic carrier density. ZnO:In nanocrystals (NCs) with various In contents were synthesized by using a mixed source vapor transportation method. The morphological variation and electronic structure of ZnO:In NCs were studied by bulk sensitive hard X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (HX-PES). ZnO:In NCs are classified into ZnOlike hexagonal and In2O3-like cubic groups, based on the crystal structure, and we have estimated the In content for the phase transformation to be as high as 35 atomic% (atm.%). A filled electronic state in the conduction band was observed from the ZnO-like group, which is regarded as a metallic state, due to an increase of extrinsic carrier density.

흰쥐 망막에서 콜린성 신경원의 분포양상과 연접회로

김인범,오수자,나화균,이문용,천명훈 대한해부학회 1998 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.31 No.1

북극 스발바드 군도 스피츠베르겐섬 콩스피요르드에서의 다환 방향족 탄화수소화합물의 분포 특성

김기범,하성용,안인영,최희선 한국환경과학회 2004 한국환경과학회지 Vol.13 No.9

In order to elucidate the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon concentration and its origin in arctic area, four arctic brown algae (Laminaria saccharina, L. digita, Alaria esculenta, Desmarestia aculeata), one marine invertebrate (Echinoidea) and sediments were collected from Kongsfjorden in Spitsbergen from the late July to early August. 2003. In case of macroalgae, the young blade part above growth point and the old stipes and blades beneath growth point were separated and analyzed for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in an attempt to check the mechanism of uptake in macroalgae to accumulate PAN. There was no difference in PAH concentrations between sampling sites (Stations B and C), species. and blades beneath and above growth point. PAH concentrations in all samples collected in this study were relatively higher than those reported in other areas of arctic. Especially, station C, which is known as an unpolluted area, showed 10 times higher PAH concentration (8,765 ng/g) in sediment than station A (694 ng/g) around harbor. In addition high PAH concentration, station C had very higher proportion of methylated PAH to parent PAH in sediment than station A. Source analysis using PAH isomer pair ratios as indicators showed that Kongsfjorden area seemed to be relatively contaminated with PAH derived from direct petroleum input.