한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

담낭 방선균증 1예

김형수,정진원,김양수,우준희,송현순,류지소,김명환,김남중 대한감염학회 2003 감염과 화학요법 Vol.35 No.5

저자들은 우상복부 통증과 소화불량을 주소로 내원한 83세 여자 환자에서 국내 최초로 담낭 방선균증을 진단하고 치료 관찰 중으로 이에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Actinomycosis is a chronic suppurative and granulomatous disease, characterized by abscess formation, tissue fibrosis, and draining sinuses. Actinomycosis of the gallbladder is very rare and has not yet been reported in Korea. We report a case of actinomycosis of the gallbladder in an 80-year-old women with history of cholelithiasis for 3 years, preoperatively misidentified as gallbladder cancer. Histologic section of the gallbladder showed Gram-positive branching bacilli compatible with actinomyces. After cholecystectomy, the patient received intravenous ampicillin for 4 days, followed by amoxicillin for 4 months thereafter.

일부 농약 취급 근로자들의 성호르몬 상태

이원진,김청식,김형수,이창훈,김진석 대한산업의학회 2000 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.12 No.2

Objective : This study was carried out to determine the effects of occupational pesticides exposure on the level of serum Luteinizing Hormone (LH), Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), testosterone in male workers. Methods : Twenty-two male workers exposed to pesticides were compared with twenty-eight male workers at same factory who were not exposed to pesticides. The selected variables for studying reproductive hormones were LH, FSH and testosterone. As part of the baseline health status, subjects were asked medical history. Results : There were no statistically significant differences on the level of LH, FSH, testosterone between the exposed and non-exposed group. Also the level of sex hormones were not significant difference with each department in exposed group. And the level of LH, FSH positively correlated with age. Conclusions : These results indicate that there are no alterations in LH, FSH, testosterone at workers exposed to pesticides. But our findings are highly preliminary because of a small sample size. Thus it calls for furthur investigation of the hormonal effects at workers exposed to pesticides.

요하지통 환자에서 두 개의 캐눌라를 이용한 박동성 고주파 신경근 응고술의 임상 연구

김천숙,배재영,배덕구,강규식,안기량,권진형,김지은,유시현 순천향의학연구소 2003 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.9 No.1

Dorsal root ganglion(DRG) block by the local anesthetics and steroids which has done classically in low back pain(LBP) patients with radiculopathy has high incidence of recurrence rate and side effects of steroids. Recently a new technique of pulsed radiofrequency thermocoagulation(P-RFTC) was introduced and substituted for it because of the benefits such as relatively low recurrence rate, low risk of nerve injury and comfort during the procedure. We experienced 15 patients who had LBP with radiculopathy and no or little response to epidural steroid injection. When we performed DR ganglionotomy by P- RFTC under the C-arm guide in these patients, we tried to approach the exact DR ganglion using tow cannulas - the one for obtaining patient's subjective symptoms and injection of contrast dye, the other for making a RF lesioning after identifying the impedance of sensory and motor stimulation. In conclusion, DR ganglionotomy by P- RFTC using two cannulas in LBP patients is an easy and safe procedure with satisfactory results.

브라우워의 수 개념과 심리학주의 문제

김진형 중앙대학교 중앙철학연구소 2006 철학탐구 Vol.20 No.-

브라우워가 수를 개념이 아닌 직관으로 간주한다는 것은 그가 수를 정신적 실재물로 파악함을 의미한다. 그런 까닭에 그의 직관주의는 경험 심리학적인 것으로 해석되는 경향이 있다. 논자는 이러한 견해에 반대하여 브라우워의 '나' 혹은 '자아'를 후기 후썰의 '선험적 주관'으로 해석함으로써 그의 수 이론은 밀 혹은 초기 후썰의 수학적 심리학주의가 아니라는 것을 보일 것이다. 이 결론을 강화하기 위해 나는 그의 수 개념은 프레게의 두 조건, 즉 수를 단위로 정의하는 데 필요한 '동일성'과 '구별불가능성'을 만족시킬 수 있음을 주장할 것이다. 이를 통해 논자는 브라우워의 직관주의는 반플라토니즘의 한 유형이라는 것과 함께 그의 의도는 수학의 올바른 경계 설정과 수학자가 나아가 길을 분명히 밝히는 데 있었음을 강조할 것이다. Brouwer understands 'numbers' as intuition, not concept. For him, numbers are conceived of mental entities. There has been an inclination to interpret his intuitionism as empirical psychology. Contrary to this view, I argues that Brouwer's number theory is not a version of Millian, or early Husserlian mathematical psychologism by showing that his 'I' or 'ego' can be identified with the 'transcendental subject' of late Husserl. In order to strengthen my conclusion, I will argue that his notion of natural numbers can satisfy Frege's two conditions, 'identity' and 'distinguishability,' which is necessary to define number as units. I emphasize in the course that Brouwer's intuitionism is a version of anti-Platonism, and that Brouwer intended to establish the appropriate boundary of mathematics and define the way mathematicians must go.

전자토모그래피의 정량적 분석에서 대물렌즈 조리개의 영향

김진규,이상희,권희석,정종만,정원구,이수정,주형태,김윤중 韓國電子顯微鏡學會 2008 Applied microscopy Vol.38 No.4

Electron tomography의 정량적 분석을 위해서 대물렌즈 조리개가 투과빔의 강도에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. Electron tomography에 도입되는 Beer’s law의 올바른 적용을 위해서는 투과빔은 시료의 기울기에 따른 mass thickness의 변화에 의한 효과만을 반영해야 한다. 그러므로 빔 경로상의 대물렌즈 조리개, 홀더 등에 의한 다른 효과는 제거되어야 한다. 본 연구에서는 대물렌즈 조리개의 cut-off 효과를 120 kV TEM과 Quantifoil holey 카본 시료를 이용하여 상세히 평가하였다. 대물렌즈 조리개를 사용하지 않은 경우와 비교할 때, 30 μm 크기의 대물렌즈 조리개를 통과한 투과전자빔의 강도는 약 16.7%의 감소가 일어난다. 또한 55˚이상의 고경사각 기울기에서는 대물렌즈 조리개의 cut-off 효과에 의해 14.2%의 강도 감소가 추가적으로 발생함을 알 수 있었다. Electron tomography에서 정량적 분석을 위해서는 이러한 대물렌즈 조리개의 영향을 고려해야만 한다. 또한 Beer’s law의 올바른 적용을 위해서는 일련의 기울기에 따른 2차원적 영상은 가능하면 대물렌즈 조리개를 사용하지 않은 상태에서 획득하는 것이 바람직하다. We have evaluated the effects of experimental factors on transmitted electron beam intensities for quantitative analysis in electron tomography. For the correct application of Beer’s law in electron tomography, the transmitted beam intensity should reflect the net effect of mass properties on beam path. So, the any other effects of the objective aperture and the specimen holder on beam path should be removed. The cut-off effects of objective aperture were examined using Quantifoil holey carbon film and a transmission electron microscope operated at 120 kV. The transmitted beam intensities with 30 μm objective aperture dropped about 16.7% compared to electron beam intensities without the objective aperture. Also, the additional losses of about 14.2% at high tilt angles were occurred by cut-off effects of the objective apertures. For the precise quantitative analysis in electron tomography, the effect of the objective aperture on transmitted electron beam intensities should be considered. It is desirable that 2-D tilt series images are obtained without the objective aperture for correct application of Bee’s law.

여자체조선수의 등속성 근력에 관한 연구

김진수,김태형 경희대학교 체육과학연구소 1999 體育學論文集 Vol.27 No.-

The purpose of this study is to compare the specific character of health and isokinetic strength in elite and non-elite female gymnasts. Flexion of wrist joint, should or joint and hip joint, peak torque of extension, average power and so on are measured using Cybex 770 dynamometer. The results of two groups are compared. The results are as follow . 1.Back strength is higher significant(p〈.001) comparing with control. 2.Flexion at Peak torque of shoulder at 60deg/sec in female gymnast is highly significant(p〈.05) comparing with control. Extension at perk torque of shoulder at 60deg/sec, 180deg/sec in female gymnast is highly significant(p〈.05) comparing with control. 3.Flexion at peak torque % body weight of shoulder ratio at 60deg/sec, 180deg/sec is highly significant(p〈.01, p〈.05) comparing with control enter Flexion at peak torque % body weight of hip ratio at 60deg/sec, 180deg/sec, 240deg/sec in female gymnasts is highly significant(p〈.01, p〈.05) comparing with control. Extension at ratio of shoulder, hip and wrist at 60deg/sec, 180deg/sec in female gymnasts is highly significant(p〈.05) comparing with control. 4.Flexion of average power at 60deg/sec, 180deg/sec, 240deg/sec in shoulder is highly significant (p〈.01, p〈.05) comparing with control. Flexion of average power at 240deg/sec in hip is highly significant(p〈.01, p〈.05) comparing with control. Flexion of average power at 60deg/sec, 180deg/sec in extension is highly significant(p〈.01, p〈.05) comparing with control. 5.Shoulder flexion of average power % body weight at 60deg/sec in female gymnast is highly significant(p〈.05) comparing with control. Hip extension of average power % body weight at 187deg/sec, 240deg/sec in female gymnast is highly significant(p〈.75) comparing with control. Wrist of average power % body weight at 90deg/sec, 180deg/sec in female gymnasts is highly significant(p〈.05) comparing with control.

강섬유보강 콘크리트의 파괴에너지 산정

金敬鎭,洪昌佑 충주대 산업과학기술연구소 2000 産業科學論文集 Vol.8 No.-

본 연구는 콘크리트의 파괴에너지를 결정하기 위한 편심압축실험의 가능성을 제시하였다. 실험변수로는 콘크리트 강도(200, 600kgf/cm2)와 강섬유 혼입량(0, 1.0, 1.5%)을 선정하였다. 재료적 파괴변수인 Gf와 cf를 갖는 콘크리트 파괴모델인 크기효과모델과 일반화된 크기효과모델을 사용하여, 동일한 크기와 다양한 노치를 갖는 방법을 사용하여 해석과정과 실험방법을 나타내었다. 이러한 변수는 콘크리트 구조물의 공칭강도를 결정하는데 필요하고 매우 중요한 특성을 갖는다. 또한 콘크리트 파괴역학을 적용하는데 있어서 Gf와 cf를 실험적으로 결정하는 것은 매우 중요하다. RILEM에 의해 제시된 크기효과모델은 다른 크기의 시편을 사용해야 한다. 그러나 이와같은 방법은 시편크기의 영향으로 인해 이 모델을 적용하는데 저해요인이 된다. 그러나, 본 논문에서 사용된 방법은 동일한 시편과 다른 노치로 인해 시험의 편리성과 단순성을 갖는다. This paper describes the possibility of the eccentric compression test for determining the fracture energy of steel fiber concrete. The test variables were concrete strength(200, 600kgf/cm2), steel fiber contents(0, 1.0, 1.5%). The SEL and its generalized theory present a fracture model of concrete in which material fracture parameters Gf and cf are objective. This paper proposes test and data analysis procedures for using this variable-notch one-size method. These parameters are not only necessary, but also sufficient for determining the nominal strength of any concrete structure. Therefore, experinental determination of Gf and cf is a key issue in application of fracture mechanics of concrete. The size effect method recommended by RILEM requires specimens of different sizes. This specimen requirement hinders application of the method. The proposed variable-notch one-size method allows use of specimens of the same size and the same shape. It provides more simplicity and convenience for test engineers and technicians.

교육사회학의 연구 동향 분석

김경식,권민석,김병규,박형진,송승면,황정희 경북대학교 사범대학부속 중등교육연구소 2005 중등교육연구 Vol.53 No.3

한국, 일본, 미국, 영국의 교육사회학 학술지 논문을 주제별 내용분석을 통해 각각의 하위개념을 도출하고 개념의 유사성의 정도에 따라 다시 상위개념으로 분류하여 교육사회학의 주요 연구영역을 탐색하였다. 학술지에서 가장 많이 다루어진 영역은 교육과 평등/지위획득, 교육정책과 제도, 교육사회학의 성격/이론, 학교사회와 학업성취, 페미니스트(여성), 청소년 문제와 문화, 교사교육/교직사회, 공교육의 문제/교육개혁 등의 순으로 나타났다. 특히 교육정책과 제도 문제는 한국과 일본에서, 교육사회학의 발달과 정체성 문제는 영국에서, 학업성취 관련 내용은 미국에서 가장 많이 다루어졌다. The purpose of this study was to explore the research trend in sociology of education. To conduct the purpose of this study, the Korean Journal of Sociology of Education(KJSE), the Journal of Educational Sociology(JES), Sociology of Education(SOE), and Bitish Journal of Sociology of Education(BJSE)'s articles were analyzed. The findings of this study were as follows: First, though the major categories(major domains) of research areas were a few differences among nations, they were education & equality, educational policy, sociology of education theory, school society & academic achievement, feminism, adolescent problem & culture, teacher education, school crisis & education reform, course education, sociology of curriculum, and etc. Second, the most frequent research area was the educational policy & system problems in Korea and Japan; the development and identity of sociology of education in Britain; The school society & academic achievement in U.S.A.

과학자에 대한 초등학교 일반 학생과 과학 영재반 학생의 인식 비교 분석

김소형,박재일,정진수,이혜정,권용주,박국태 한국초등과학교육학회 2005 초등과학교육 Vol.24 No.1

This study was designed to compare the understanding of ordinary elementary school students and scientifically gifted students about scientists. 473 fourth, fifth, and sixth graders in ordinary elementary schools and 40 students attending scientific educational institutions for the gifted were studied with the help of questionnaires and interviews. The survey showed that there were no significant differences between the two subject groups in relation to the external images of scientists. The subjects turned out to have four fixed external images. The scientifically gifted students had a better understanding of the internal images of scientists than ordinary elementary school students. Both the subject groups turned out to be influenced by the press media and off-campus education, thinking that scientists served as inventors producing something useful in daily life rather than as researchers studying natural phenomena or laws. It was found out that both groups admired Edison. The ordinary students respected Einstein and Jang Yeong-Sil whereas the scientifically gifted students respected Curie, Jang Yeong-Sil, and Nobel. The subjects admired them because of their achievements instead of their backgrounds or individual characteristics.