혈전 발생의 위험 인자가 없는 환자에서 급성 신우신염에 의해 유발된 신정맥 혈전증 및 폐색전증

이광수,김아름,이승연,정주홍,김미정,이진수,정문현,홍기천,조순구 대한감염학회 2009 감염과 화학요법 Vol.41 No.5

Renal vein thrombosis (RVT) is not an uncommon condition amongst patients with nephrotic syndrome or malignancy. Septic pulmonary embolism (SPE) is associated with risk factors such as intravenous drug use, pelvic thrombophlebitis, and suppurative processes in the head and neck. However, acute pyelonephritis is a rare cause of RVT and SPE. Case reports on RVT and SPE due to acute pyelonephritis are rare. In most of the earlier cases, patients had underlying conditions such as diabetes mellitus, renal carcinoma, calyceal stones, and hyperhomocysteinemia. We report a case of acute pyelonephritis complicated by RVT and SPE that occurred in a patient without any predisposing risk factors for thromboembolism. RVT and SPE were diagnosed using computed tomography and ventilation/perfusion scan. The patient recovered with antibiotics and anticoagulation therapy without any surgical interventions.

경화방법에 따른 아크릴 레진 표면의 물리적 성질에 관한 연구

홍순호,이기대 慶北大學校 齒科大學 1987 慶北齒大論文集 Vol.4 No.1

Two principal techniques have been used in relining dentures: the direct intraoral application of acrylic resin and the indirect method which use heat cured acrylic resin. In this study, to observe the physical properties of acrylic resin surfaces by curing procedure in indirect methods which used heat cured acrylic resin and self cured ??erylic resin. The results were as follows: 1. In two types of resin, the surface hardness of heat cured specimen higher than self cured specimen. 2. In two of resin, there was difference in the surface roughness. 3. In two types of resin, the surface porosity of self cured specimen more larger and number than heat cured specimen.

효율적 우수이용을 위한 초기우수의 수질변화

이창수,지홍기 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.3

A water quality analysis of rainwater collected from catchment equipment(2m×1m) was conducted to determine its suitability for domestic purposes, in this study. As the results of analysis, the pH of rainwater was 6.3±0.3, and the turbidity of rainwater was over the 5 times than drinking water guidelines. For the usage of rainwater as the domestic and drinking water, the rainwater is need to treat. The analysis value of BOD was about 3 ㎎/L and the values of heavy metal as the Pb, Cd, Fe, Mn, Cr_6 and Cu was satisfied with drinking guidelines. Overall results of analysis support the possibility of rainwater as the domestic and drinking water.

대전광역시 양축농가의 축분뇨 관리 실태 및 VOCs 농도 조사

이봉덕,이수기,오홍록,허정민,정기철,김성복 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2005 농업과학연구 Vol.32 No.1

This study was carried out to investigate the style of livestock house, concentration of malodorous substances of livestock feces and livestock houses in Daejeon area. Among the livestock houses investigated, as most of cow pens(94.5%) have sawdust or chaff on the bottom, there was no leakage of feces out of pen. Most pig pens adopted slury style, but some of them currently use buffering material on the bottom. It is thought that there will be no possible contamination leakage. When it comes to hen house, all the broiler house use litters on the bottom and all the layer house use scrapper. It is also thought that there will be no possible contamination leakage. 3 out of 12 deer pens used buffering material on the bottom, 10 places were maintained in a traditional method, and 7 places left possibility of contamination leakage considering whether the roof was installed or not. The contents of ammonia, amine and volatile fatty acid in fresh feces were lower compared to rotten feces, but the concentration of sulfur-containing matter - hydrogen sulfide, methylmercapthan and ethylmercapthan were higher compared to rotten feces. In the case of malodorous ingredient in livestock houses, only small amount of ammonia and hydrogen sulfide were detected in pig pen and hen house, and other ingredients were not detectable. And those who are engaged in animal husbandry reacted negatively to the use of feed additives for decreasing malodor. In conclusion, it is not worrisome that contamination can be leaked out of animal raising facilities. But if we take into consideration that the point of investigation time is wintry season, there should be more considerate attitude. And feed additives for decreasing malodor need establishing criteria in the manufacturing process.

食糧需給調節의 經濟的 分析

李氣鴻 건국대학교 1974 敎授論壇 Vol.3 No.1

치료저항 만성 정신분열증 환자에서 Clozapine과 Haloperidol의 치료효과에 대한 비교

이홍식,김찬형,이희상,남궁기,송동호,이영문,한은선 大韓臨床藥理學會 1993 臨床藥理學會誌 Vol.1 No.2

Enamel Microabrasion을 시행한 법랑질과 복합레진의 전단결합강도

홍기상,이상훈,이상대 大韓小兒齒科學會 2000 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.27 No.1

Enamel microabrasion은 염산과 연마제를 사용하여 치아의 착색을 제거하는 술식으로서, 그 효과는 법랑질 표층에 국한된다. Enamel microabrasion으로 모든 착색이 치료 가능한 것은 아니므로, 착색이 깊을 경우에는 microabrasion후에도 제거되지 않고 남은 착색부위를 광중합 복합레진을 사용해 수복할 것이 권장된다. 본 연구의 목적은 enamel microabrasion의 방법과 시간이 법랑질에 대한 복합레진의 전단결합걍도에 미치는 영향을 조사하는 것이었다. 아무런 처치도 하지 않은 대조군을 1군으로 하였고, 18% 염산과 fine pumice의 혼합물을 hand applicator로 치면에 5초씩 5,10회 적용시킨 것을 각각 2,3군으로 하였다. 10% 염산과 연마제의 혼합물인 기성품 PREMA를 10:1 gear reduction handpiece로 20초씩 5, 10회 적용시킨 것을 각각 4,5군으로 하였다. 여기에 37% 인산으로 부식 후 복합레진을 결합시켜 thermocycling 후 전단결합강도를 측정하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 2군이 가장 높은 결합강도(24.36±3.34MPa)를 나타내었고, 3군이 가장 낮은 결합강도 (19.35±3.43MPa)를 보였다. 전단결합강도는 2>4>5>1>3군의 순서로 감소하였다. 2. 2군은 1군과 3군보다 통계학적으로 유의성있게 높은 결합강도를 나타내었다(p<0.05). 3. 염산과 pumice로 enamel microabrasion을 시행한 2,3군과 PREMA를 사용한 4,5군 사이에는 유의한 결합강도의 차이가 없었다 (p<0.05) 4. 파절면 검사에서, adhesive failure는 3,4군에서 나타났고, cohesive failure는 1,2,3,4군에서 관찰되었다. 5군에서는 mixed failure만이 관찰되었다. 5. SEM관찰에서, 염산과 pumice로 enamel microabrasion을 시행한 2,3군에서는 인산으로 부식한 것과 비슷한 표면양상이 관찰되었고, PREMA로 처리한 4,5군에서는 1군과 흡사한 매끈한 표면양상이 관찰되었다. 각 군의 시편을 인산으로 부식시킨 다음에는 전형적인 산부식 후의 표면양상이 관찰되었고, 군간 별다른 차이가 없었다. Enamel microabrasion is a means by which superficial enamel discoloration is removed using hydrochloric acid and fine pumice. As enamel microabrasion alone may not by sufficient in cases of deeper discoloration, composite resin restoration is recommended in areas where there is remaining discoloration. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different methods and number of applications of enamel microabrasion on the shear bond strength of composite resin to enamel. Untreated control was designated as groups1,5-second applications of a mixture of 18% HCI and fine pumice were performed 5 and 10 times on groups 2 and 3, respectively. A commercially available mixture of 10% HCI and abrasives (PREMA) was appliedusing a 10:1 gear reduction handpiece 5 and 10 times on groups 4 and 5, respectively, with each application lasting 20 seconds. After etching with 37% phosphoric acid, composite resin was bonded. Thermocycling was performed and shear bond strength was measured. The following results were obtained: 1. Group 2 showed the highest bond strength(24.36±3.34), while group 3 showed the lowest (19.35±3.43). Shear bond strength decreased in the following order: 2>4>5>1>3. 2. Group 2 showed bond strength significantly higher compared to groups 1 and 3(p<0.05). 3. There were no significant differences between groups 2 and 3, which had been microabraded using HCI and pumice, and groups 4 and 5, to which PREMA had been applied, when bond strengths were compared(p>0.05) 4. When modes of fracture were examined, adhesive failure was observed in groups 3 and 4, while cohesive failure was observed in groups 1,2,3 and 4. Only mixed failures were found in group 5. 5. When viewed using a SEM, groups 2 and 3, which had been microabraded using HCI and pumice, showed surface appearances similar to that of enamel etched with phosphoric acid. Groups 4 and 5, treated with PREMA, exhibited a smooth surface similar to that of group 1. All groups showed similar, typical surface characteristics following phosphoric acid etching.

비선형 캐리어 제어 부스트 정류기 특성에 관한 연구

이제환,전기영,조정민,한홍일,한경희 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2000 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.19 No.-

Average-current mode controlled boost rectifier is most universally used at present, While the method gives high power factor, low harmonics distortion, has drawbacks such as 3-feedback loop, complex component, difficulty of control-circuit design, and high cost. Research for improving these problem has been carried out, and Nonlinear Carrier(NLC) Control method is representative. This control method has easy algorithm for control, and its feedback loop and control components are reduced. In this paper, the control method was evaluated by simulation through Matlab/Simulink, and experimented with 550W boost rectifier. As the result, that can get high power factor above 0.95 and low harmonic distortion was confirmed. Also, a good dynamic response on line and load variation was confirmed.

8.3% Carbamide Peroxide 함유 펜 형 자가미백제인 BIancTis Forte의 색조개선 및 안전성에 관한 임상연구

이진경,민선홍,홍성태,오소람,정신혜,황영혜,유성엽,배광식,백승호,이우철,손원준,금기연 대한치과보존학회 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.2

This clinical study evaluated the whitening effect and safety of polymer based-pen type BlancTis Forte(NIBEC) containing 8.3% carbamide peroxide. Twenty volunteers used the BlancTis Forte whitening agent for 2 hours twice a day for 4 weeks As a control. Whitening Effect Pen (LG) containing 3% hydrogen peroxide was used by 20 volunteers using the same protocol. The change in shade (ΔE^(*) color difference) was measured using Shadepilot™ (DeguDent) before, during and after bleaching (2 weeks, 4 weeks and postbleaching 4 weeks). A clinical examination for any side effects (tooth hypersensitivity or soft tissue complications) was also performed at each check-up. The following results were obtained. 1 Both the experimental and control groups displayed a noticeable change in shade (ΔE) of over 2 No significant differences were found between the two group (p>0.05) implying that the two agents have a similar whitening effect. 2 The whitening effect was mainly due to changes in a and b values rather than in L value (brightness). The experimental group showed a significantly higher change in b value thus yellow shade than the control(p < 0.05) 3 None of the participants complained of tooth hypersensitivity or soft tissue complications confirming the safety of both whitening agents 8.3%의 carbamide peroxide를 함유한 펜형 코팅용 미백제인 BlancTis Forte (NIBEC, Seosul & JinCheon)를 실험군으로, 3% hydrogen peroxide를 함유한글 Whitening Effect Pen (LG. Seoul) 제재를 대조군으로 각각 피험자 20명에게 2시간씩 1일 2회 제조사의 지시대로 치아표면에 4주간 적용하도록 지시하고 색조개선 효능과 안전성을 평가하였다. 미백 효과는 미백 전 및 미백 2주, 4주 및 미백 종료 4주 후에 Shadopilot™을 이용하여 색 변화를 측정하였고, 매 내원시기마다 모든 환자는 치수생활력 검사와 치주 및 치태 검사를 통해 부작용 여부 (치아과민증 및 구감 내 연조직의 부작용)를 기록한 후 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1.실험군 및 대조군의 색 변화량 (ΔE)은 2이상으로 인지할 수 있는 색 변화를 보였으며, 두 제품 간에는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지 않아 (p > 0.05) 유사한 미백효능을 나타냄을 알 수 있었다. 2,미백효과는 명도의 개선보다는 주로 a. b값의 변화에 의한 것으로 특히 실험군에서 b값의 변화, 즉 황색조의 개선효과가 대조군에 비해 유의성 있게 높은 것으로 나타났다 (p <0.05). 3.치아나 치은의 과민증이나 이상증상을 호소하는 피험자는 없어 두 제품 모두 안전성을 확인할 수 있었다.

pH순환 모델에서 과포화 용액의 초기 우식 법랑질에 대한 재광화 효과

홍석진,김소라,이찬영,노병덕,금기연 대한치과보존학회 2001 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.26 No.4

Dental caries is the most common oral disease. There are many factors contributing to its development. but complete understanding and prevention are not fully know. However, it is possible to remineralize the early enamel carious lesion by fluoride containing remineralization solution. Recently the pH-cycling model has been used to examine the effect of fluoride solution on remineralization of artificial caries in vitro as it can closely simulate the conditions encountered in vivo within a carefully controlled enviroment.