기획논문 : 역사 속의 고령과 고령 사람들 ; 김상덕(金尙德)의 독립운동

김희곤 ( Hee Gon Kim ) 경북대학교 퇴계연구소 2008 퇴계학과 유교문화 Vol.42 No.-

김상덕은 경북 고령군 출신 독립운동가이다. 그는 27년이라는 긴 기간 동안 독립운동을 벌였지만, 그에 대한 연구논문은 한 편도 나오지 않았다. 그의 활동 성향이 온건한 때문이기도 하지만, 한국전쟁 당시 북으로 끌려간 때문이기도 하다. 1919년 동경에서 일어난 2ㆍ8독립선언은 그가 처음으로 참가한 독립운동이었다. 그는 이 선언에 앞장선 주역 11명 가운데 한 사람이었고, 이로 말미암아 그는 1년 동안 감옥에서 지냈다. 1920년 3월 그는 중국 상해로 망명하여 대한민국임시정부에 참가했다. 그곳에서 임시의정원 의원으로 활약하는 한편, 1922년 1월에는 모스크바에서 열린 극동민족대회에 한국 대표 56명 가운데 한 사람으로 참가하였다. 1923년 그는 상해에서 국민대표회의에 경북지역 대표로 참가하였다. 이어서 다음 해에는 상해청년동맹회를 조직하는 데 앞장섰다. 이는 당시 상해지역을 중심으로 형성된 독립운동 조직 가운데 가장 강력한 성격을 지녔다. 그는 여기에서 공산주의자로 변신하였다. 1926년 그는 만주로 활동무대를 옮겼다. 조선공산당 만주총국의 지방 대표가 되어 농민들을 모아 항일투쟁을 펼쳐 나갔다. 한편 그는 안동을 비롯한 경상북도 출신 독립운동가들과 밀접한 관계를 갖고 활동했다. 김동삼ㆍ김원식ㆍ김응섭ㆍ윤자영이 대표적인 인물이었다. 이들과 함께 그는 1920년대 후반에 좌우합작운동에도 앞장섰다. 1930년대에 들면서 그는 활동무대를 다시 중국 내륙으로 옮겼다. 남경에 도착한 그는 얼마 뒤에 김원봉이 이끌던 조선민족혁명당에 합류하여 중앙집행위원으로 활약했다. 1940년대에는 충칭에서 대한민국임시정부에 합류하여 의원으로서 활약했고, 1945년 11월 문화부장이 되어 김구 주석, 김규식 부주석 등과 함께 제1진의 한 사람으로서 귀국했다. 김상덕의 항일투쟁에서 두 가지 성향을 보였다. 하나는 대개 온건하고 융화적이라는 사실인데, 따라서 그의 투쟁 경력은 격정적이라기보다는 타협적이고 설득력을 갖추었다. 다른 하나는 그가 계급해방보다는 민족해방에 무게를 더 두고 있던 ‘민족좌파’였다는 점이다. 그가 1924년부터 공산주의를 받아들였지만, 결코 좌우갈등에 참가하지 않고 줄곧 좌우 합작을 도모하는 데 앞장서는 특성을 보여준 이유가 거기에 있었다. Kim Sang-Duk was liberator from Go-Ryung of Gyung-Buk Province. Even though he has devoted 27 years for liberation movement, there were no thesis about him. Not even one. That may be because of his moderate type of liberation movement. However, being pulled along by force to North Korea in Korean War would be the main reason for his obscurity. 2ㆍ8 Independence Declaration in 1919, Tokyo, was the first liberation movement that he took a part in. He was one of 11 top-contenders, and that made him stay in jail for 1 year. In March of 1920, he went to Shanghai, China for exile and joined Korea Provisional Government(K.P.G). He worked as a congressman and also took part in 56 Korea representatives in Far-east National Meeting, held in Moscow in January of 1922. In 1923, he participated in People’s Representative Meeting held in Shanghai as the representative of Northen Gyung-Buk Province. In the next year, he played a big part in organizing Shanghai Youth Union. This organization had a greatest impact among liberation movements around Shanghai area. At this point, he became a communist. He moved his stage to Manchuria in 1926. He became a regional representative of Manchuria branch of Korea Communist Party and gathered inhabitants to carry on liberation action. In the mean time, he had close relationship with liberators of Gyung-Buk Province, including Andong. Kim Dong-Sam, Kim Won-Sik, Kim Eung-Sup, Yun Ja-Young. All together, they played a big part in Merging Movement of Left and Right wing, in late 1920s. He came back to China as 1930s started. After arriving in Nanjing, he joined Korea National Revolution Party, led by Kim Won-Bong, as a central executive. He joined K.P.G in Chungching and worked as a congressman in 1940s, and came back to Korea as minister of culture with Kim-Gu, Kim Gyu-Sik in November of 1945. Kim Sang-Duk showed two features. First is that he’s moderate and deliquescent. Therefore, his action is more compromising and persuasive than passionate. Second is that he was a ‘national leftist’, who focused on liberation of nation more than class. Even though he accepted communism since 1924, he never participated in conflict of left and right wing, and always focused on merging both of them. This shows that he wasn’t an extreme communist.

플라즈마 이온주입기에서의 시변환 쉬스 연구

김곤호,김건우,김영우,최영도,김종식,김상진,한승희,홍문표 漢陽大學校 工學技術硏究所 1998 工學技術論文集 Vol.7 No.1

Abstract- In a plasma source ion implantation, the target is successively biased by negative voltage pulses with an intrinsic finite rise time, resulting in the time-dependent sheath formation around the target. Measurement of time-dependent sheath during the pulse rise show the ion matrix sheath development which is in proportion to square root of time and pulse rise rate over plasma density but independent of the ion mass.

김상덕(金尙德)의 독립운동

김희곤 慶北大學校 退溪硏究所 2008 퇴계학과 유교문화 Vol.42 No.-

김상덕은 경북 고령군 출신 독립운동가이다. 그는 27년이라는 긴 기간 동안 독립 운동을 벌였지만, 그에 대한 연구논문은 한 편도 나오지 않았다. 그의 활동 성향이 온건한 때문이기도 하지만, 한국전쟁 당시 북으로 끌려간 때문이기도 하다. 1919년 동경에서 열어난 2·8독립선언은 그가 처음으로 참가한 독립운동이었다. 그는 이 선언에 앞장선 주역 11명 가운데 한 사람이었고, 이로 말미암아 그는 1년 동안 감옥에서 지냈다. 1920년 3월 그는 중국 상해로 망명하여 대한민국 임시정부에 참가했다. 그곳에서 임시의정원 의원으로 활약하는 한편, 1922년 1월에는 모스크바에서 열린 극동민족대회에 한국 대표 56명 가운데 한 사람으로 참가하였다. 1923년 그는 상해에서 국민대표회의에 경북지역 대표로 참가하였다. 이어서 다음 해에는 상해청년동맹회를 조직하는 데 앞장섰다. 이는 당시 상해지역을 중심으로 형성된 독립운동 조직 가운데 가장 강력한 성격을 지녔다. 그는 여기에서 공산주의자로 변신하였다. 1926년 그는 만주로 활동무대를 옮겼다. 조선공산당 만주총국의 지방 대표가 되어 농민들을 모아 항일투쟁을 펼쳐 나갔다. 한편 그는 안동을 비롯한 경상북도 출신 독립 운동가들과 밀접한 관계를 갖고 활동했다. 김동삼·김원식·김응섭·윤자영이 대표적인 인물이었다. 이들과 함께 그는 1920년대 후반에 좌우합작운동에도 앞장섰다. 1930년대에 들면서 그는 활동무대를 다시 중국 내륙으로 옮겼다. 남경에 도착한 그는 얼마 뒤에 김원봉이 이끌던 조선민족혁명당에 합류하여 중앙집행위원으로 활약했다. 1940년대에는 충칭에서 대한민국임시정부에 합류하여 의원으로서 활약했고, 1945년 11월 문화부장이 되어 김구 주석, 김규식 부주석 등과 함께 제1진의 한 사람으로서 귀국했다. 김상덕의 항일투쟁에서 두 가지 성향을 보였다. 하나는 대개 온건하고 융화적이라는 사실인데, 따라서 그의 투쟁 경력은 격정적이라기보다는 타협적이고 설득력을 갖추었다. 다른 하나는 그가 계급해방보다는 민족해방에 무게를 더 두고 있던 ‘민족좌파’였다는 점이다. 그가 1924년부터 공산주의를 받아들였지만, 결코 좌우 갈등에 참가하지 않고 줄곧 좌우 합작을 도모하는 데 앞장서는 특성을 보여준 이유가 거기에 있었다. Kim Sang-Duk was liberator from Go-Ryung of Gyung-Buk Province. Even though he has devoted 27 years for liberation movement, there were no thesis about him. Not even one. That may be because of his moderate type of liberation movement. However, being pulled along by force to North Korea in Korean War would be the main reason for his obscurity. 2·8 Independence Declaration in 1919, Tokyo, was the first liberation movement that he took a part in. He was one of 11 top-contenders, and that made him stay in jail for 1 year. In March of 1920, he went to Shanghai, China for exile and joined Korea Provisional Government(K.P.G). He worked as a congressman and also took part in 56 Korea representatives in Far-east National Meeting, held in Moscow in January of 1922. In 1923, he participated in People's Representative Meeting held in Shanghai as the representative of Northen Gyung-Buk Province. In the next year, he played a big part in organizing Shanghai Youth Union. This organization had a greatest impact among liberation movements around Shanghai area. At this point, he became a communist. He moved his stage to Manchuria in 1926. He became a regional representative of Manchuria branch of Korea Communist Party and gathered inhabitants to carry on liberation action. In the mean time, he had close relationship with liberators of Gyung-Buk Province, including Andong. Kim Dong-Sam, Kim Won-Sik, Kim Eung-Sup, Yun Ja-Young. All together, they played a big part in Merging Movement of Left and Right wing, in late 1920s. He came back to China as 1930s started. After arriving in Nanjing, he joined Korea National Revolution Party, led by Kim Won-Bong, as a central executive. He joined K.P.G in Chungching and worked as a congressman in 1940s, and came back to Korea as minister of culture with Kim-Gu, Kim Gyu-Sik in November of 1945. Kim Sang-Duk showed two features. First is that he's moderate and deliquescent. Therefore, his action is more compromising and persuasive than passionate. Second is that he was a 'national leftist', who focused on liberation of nation more than class. Even though he accepted communism since 1924, he never participated in conflict of left and right wing, and always focused on merging both of them. This shows that he wasn't an extreme communist.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1997)

김재홍,문득곤,김정수,김용준,임동진,박상훈,김희성,이민수,송기훈,김갑형,김형석,성소영,이인섭,김석우,황지환,조창근,김경문,부태성 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.3

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods : For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results : In 1997. 99 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 45(45.5%) were PPNG. Conclusion : The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 45.5% in 1997.

자가 산부식 프라이머의 적용시간이 상아질의 미세인장 결합강도에 미치는 영향

조영곤,이영곤,김종욱,박병철,김종진,최희영,진철희,유상훈 大韓齒科保存學會 2004 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.29 No.5

This study evaluated the influence of application time of self-etching primers on microtensile bond strength (μTBS) to dentin using three self-etching primer adhesive systems. Dentin surfaces were exposed from forty-eight human molars. They were conditioned with three self-etching primers (Clearfil SE Bond [SE], Unifil Bond [UF], Tyrian SPE + One Step Plus [TY]) and different primining times (10s, 20s, 30s and 40s). Composite resins were bonded to dentin surfaces and specimens were made. μTBS was tested and statistically compared using by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's Test. The results of this study presented that priming time for 10s in SE and UF groups and for 30s and 40s in TY group was highly decreased μTBS to dentin.

향기요법이 통증을 주소증으로 입원한 환자의 수면장애에 미치는 영향

박수곤 ( Soo Gon Park ),양미성 ( Mi Sung Yang ),김오영 ( Oh Young Kim ),조희근 ( Hee Guen Jo ),최진봉 ( Jin Bong Choi ),김선종 ( Sun Jong Kim ),설재욱 ( Jae Uk Sul ) 한방재활의학과학회 2010 한방재활의학과학회지 Vol.20 No.4

Objectives :The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of aroma therapy on sleep disorder patients with musculoskeletal pain. Methods :The 44 patients were divided into 2 groups: Experimental group(Exp. group) was treated with aroma therapy and control group was treated except aroma therapy. To evaluate the efficiency of aroma therapy, the Korean sleep scale A(Jin-Joo Oh, Mi-Soon Song, Sin-Mi Kim. 1998) and visual analogue scale(VAS) were applied before treatment and after 5 days treatment. Results :1. The Experimental group has improved statistical significance in sleep disorder score as compare to the control group. 2. The improvement of sleep disorder score of Exp.group has difference according to impression. 3. The improvement of sleep disorder has an effect on pain decrease. Conclusions :Aroma therapy has effects of improvement on sleep disorder with musculoskeletal pain.

CPSO를 이용한 GPS 위성 데이터 추출회로 개발

김성곤,최희주,정명덕,변건식 東亞大學校 附設 情報通信硏究所 1998 情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.6 No.1

A synchronization is important element not only wire communication but also wireless communication. Especially, In SS(Spread Spectrum) communication method used GPS(Global Positioning System) synchronization is more important. A synchronous oscillator(SO) is a network which synchronizes, tracks, filter, amplifies and divides (if necessary) in a single process. Without an input signal, the SO is a free-running oscillator, oscillating at a frequency w??, but phase changes 180。 within tracking range of SO. Therefore CPSO was used for this problem. The coherent phase synchronous oscillator(CPSO) is created by adding two external loops to the SO and has a wider tracking bandwidth and a zero-offset phase response (coherent) while maintaining the SO properties of high signal-to-rejection and fast frequency acquisition times. Therefore phase between input signal and output signal is synchronized. In this paper, GPS data recovery circuit has applied CPSO using front reference characters and has certified and excellent data recovery capability.

지역자원의 효과적 활용과 컨텐츠화를 위한 서산시 축제의 특화·발전 방안 연구

김신원,노희곤,김정주 경희대학교 부설 디자인연구원 2008 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.11 No.1

The purpose of this paper was to analyze the current situation and problems of festivals through a case study of local festivals in the city of Seosan, Korea. It also examined ways to develop festivals. According to the analysis of festivals in Seosan, an economic ripple stemming from the festivals influenced the development of the city, through gradual improvement in various fields. However, some problems were found in event planning, execution and in satisfaction of festivals. To resolve these problems, suggestions to improve festivals were examined. This research compared and analyzed the performance of local festivals held in different areas up to present. In addition, through analyzing problems, this research suggests factors for festivals to create a higher cultural standard for Seosan citizens. The research also contributes to the culture of festivals in all of Korea.

양지면 전원주택단지 프로젝트 계획

김신원,정유홍,노희곤,도의성,최기왕 경희대학교 디자인연구원 2006 예술· 디자인학연구 Vol.9 No.2

This plan of rural housing-development is to present a new orientation for the residential culture that can meet the shifting demands of modern people as their attitudes toward naturalistic life. In this plan, sites of possible, a new housing complex is designed to supplement the site partition problem of existing housing complex by using attractiveness that the site has as a residence environment in housing planning. The conclusion can be summarized as follows. 1. Currently, most residential developments on slopes are planned with excessive slope cutting or filling on existing natural slopes rather than utilizing existing contours. In consideration of this, this proposed plan uses the existing contours of the slope to the maximum capacity in site planning. 2. The majority of the home site buyers are between the ages 30's to 50's of middle to high level incomes. Reflecting the financial needs of these families, home construction was planned by using building methods that require lower costs. 3. Reflected open-space furtherance maximum at design of community equipment for party's offer to sale in lots persons, from site purchase recognition of construction to in package sale in lots way select. 4. Considered to preserve existing natural-food life in way financial world stroke maximum, and accomplish creation with existing vegetation. Also, did planting considering privacy, and considered vegetation's environment adaptation degree because using midland style vegetation. 5. Garden wished to offer an opportunity that can make by oneself directly depending on each fondness and character to tenants. If is this intuition, wished to design, and maintained spur of housing development because housing development uses maximum natural history style comparing with other power jars all. Also, because considering people who move in housing-development, designed, and tried to make housing-development that want to live most offering the convenience.

住民의 알 權利와 行政情報公開

金喜坤 又石大學校 1992 論文集 Vol.14 No.-