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소형 애완견의 분만 후 자궁 수복의 연속적 초음파상 비교
문병권,박철호,김재홍,김희수,김방실,이주환,박인철,김종택,서국현,손창호,오기석 韓國受精卵移植學會 2010 한국동물생명공학회지 Vol.25 No.1
This study was carried out the normal serial ultrasonographic appearance of the postpartum uterine involution with small pet bitches. Postpartum changes in uterine shape, architecture, echogenicity and diameter were monitored with ultrasonography in small pet bitches (Miniature Schnauzer, Cocker Spaniel and Shih-tzu). In the Miniature Schnauzer bitches, uterine diameter of the placental sites and interplacental sites were decreased from at 1 day to at 7 day, and at 1 day to at 7 day postpartum. In the Cocker Spaniel, the placental sites and interplacental sites were decreased from at 1 day to at 7 day, and at 1 day to at 7 day postpartum. In the Shih-tzu, the placental sites and interplacental sites were decreased from at 1 day to at 7 day, and at 1 day to at 7 day postpartum. And uterine diameter was no statistically significant difference among bitches (p>0.05). At 67 days, the uterine diameter in Miniature Schnauzer bitches were 6~7 mm both placental and interplacental sites, and the uterine horns showed uniform hypoechoic, tubular structures without enlargement. In present study, the involution of the uterus was completed at 67 days after parturition in Miniature Schnauzer, and 65 days in Cocker Spaniel and the Shih-tzu. There were no significant differences of normal postpartum uterine involution between small pet bitches (p>0.05). In conclusion, the postpartum involution of small pet bitches appeared to be completed normally at 65~67 days after parturition and could be identified by gross findings such as vaginal discharges and ultrasonographic findings of uterine shape and echogenicity.
유럽 국가들의 경제성장은 수렴하고 있는가? -서유럽과 중동부 유럽을 중심으로-
문병권,권윤정 한국외국어대학교 EU연구소 2023 EU연구 Vol.- No.65
This paper empirically analyzes whether the economic growth of European countries is converging according to economic growth variables, their locations, EU and Eurozone membership. As a result of the analysis using panel data from 1998 to 2019, it was found that economic growth in Western Europe and Central and Eastern Europe is converging. The growth rate of total fixed capital per capita and the growth rate of labor productivity are found to have a positive effect on the GDP growth rate, suggesting that Central and Eastern European countries are catching up with Western European countries' economic growth. From the perspective of the European Union's cohesion policy, which is aimed at resolving regional disparities, the results of this study suggest that an encouraging situation is underway to reduce the economic disparities between member countries through economic convergence between East and West European countries. 본 논문은 유럽국가들의 경제성장이 수렴하고 있는지를 경제성장 변수와 지리적 위치, EU 및 유로존 가입 여부에 따라 실증적으로 분석하였다. 1998년부터 2019년까지의 패널자료를 사용하여 분석한 결과, 서유럽과중동부유럽의 경제성장은 수렴하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 1인당 총고정자본 성장률과 노동생산성 성장률은 GDP 성장률에 양의 영향을 미치고있는 것으로 나타나 중동부유럽 국가들이 서유럽 국가들의 경제성장을따라잡고 있는 것으로 분석된다. 유럽연합의 지역격차 해소 정책인 화합정책의 측면에서 볼 때 본 연구의 결과는 동서 유럽국가간 경제적 수렴을통해 회원국간 경제적 격차를 줄이는 고무적인 상황이 진행되고 있음을시사한다.
문병권,윤대옥,박록진,예상욱,김원모,김영호,정재인,우정헌,임을규,송창근 한국기상학회 2011 Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences Vol.47 No.4
We examine the meteorological responses due to the probable eruption of Mt. Baekdu using an off-line Climate-Chemistry model that is composed of the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Climate Atmosphere Model version 3 (CAM3) and a global chemistry transport model (GEOS-Chem). Using the aerosol dataset from the GEOS-Chem driven by GEOS-5 meteorology,experiment and control simulations of the climate model are performed and their meteorological differences between the two simulations are analyzed. The magnitudes of volcanic eruption and column injection height were presumably set to 1/200 of the Mt. Pinatubo eruption and 9 km, respectively. Significant temperature drop in the lower troposphere (850 hPa), which is mainly due to a direct effect of prescribed volcanic aerosols from Mt. Baekdu, has been simulated up to about −4 K. The upper atmosphere (150 hPa) right above the volcano, however, shows significant warming due to the absorption of the infrared radiation by volcanic aerosols. As a result of the volcanic eruption in the climate model, wave-like patterns are shown in both the geopotential height and horizontal wind. The changes in the lower atmospheric temperature are well associated with the modification of the atmospheric circulation through the hydrostatic balance. In spite of limitations in our current simulations due to several underlying assumptions, our results could give a clue to understanding the meteorological impacts from Mt. Baekdu eruptions that are currently attracting considerable public attention.
HadGEM2-AO 모델이 모의한 AMOC 수십 년 변동 메커니즘
문병권,위지은,김기영,이조한,부경온,조천호,김철희 한국지구과학회 2015 한국지구과학회지 Vol.36 No.3
The Atlantic meridional overturning circulation (AMOC), driven by high density water sinking around Greenland serves as a global climate regulator, because it transports heat and materials in the climate system. We analyzed the mechanism of AMOC on a decadal time scale simulated with the HadGEM2-AO model. The lead-lag regression analysis with AMOC index shows that the decadal variability of the thermohaline circulation in the Atlantic Ocean can be considered as a self-sustained variability. This means that the long-term change of AMOC is related to the instability which is originated from the phase difference between the meridional temperature gradient and the ocean circulation. When the overturning circulation becomes stronger, the heat moves northward and decreases the horizontal temperature-dominated density gradients. Subsequently, this leads to weakening of the circulation, which in turn generates the anomalous cooling at high latitudes and, thereby strengthening the AMOC. In this mechanism, the density anomalies at high latitudes are controlled by the thermal advection from low latitudes, meaning that the variation of the AMOC is thermally driven and not salinity driven. 북대서양 자오면 순환 (AMOC)은 그린란드 부근에서 고밀도 해수의 침강으로 유도되는데 , 이것은 열과 물질을 수송시키기 때문에 기후 시스템의 중요한 요소이다 . 이 연구는 전 지구 기후모델 중 하나인 HadGEM2-AO 모델에서 모의된 AMOC 의 특징과 장기변동 메커니즘을 분석하였다 . AMOC 지수를 이용한 지연 상관 분석을 통해 AMOC 의수 십 년 변화는 해양 자체유지 변동으로 간주할 수 있었다 . 즉 AMOC 의 장기 변화는 남북 수온 경도와 해양 순환의 위 상차로 인해 발생하는 불안정성에 의한 것으로 분석되었다 . AMOC가 강해지면서 열의 북향 수송에 의해 남북 수온 경 도가 작아지고 , 따라서 해수의 순환과 열 수송이 줄어드는데 , 이와 함께 고위도에서는 냉각이 유도되어 결과적으로 다시 AMOC 가 강해지게 된다 . 이 메커니즘은 저위도로부터 이류되는 열의 양에 따라 고위도 지역의 밀도 변화가 결정되 기 때문에 AMOC 의 변동을 염분 유도가 아닌 열적 유도 과정으로 이해할 수 있다 .