可樂洞類型의 成立

孔敏奎 숭실사학회 2004 숭실사학 Vol.17 No.-

靑銅器時代 前期 可樂洞類型 聚落의 變遷

孔敏奎 한국청동기학회 2014 한국청동기학보 Vol.14 No.-

이글은 가락동유형의 중심시기인 청동기시대 전기를 이분 또는 삼분으로 나누는 틀에서 탈피하여 세분된 편년을 기반으로 한 개별취락의 미시적 분석결과를 통해 금강유역 가락동유형 취락의 변천과 정을 검토하고자 하는 의도에서 작성되었다. 금강유역 가락동유형 취락의 변천상을 지역적으로 나누어 살펴본 결과, 미호천유역의 취락은 초현기의 양상이 타지역에 비해 뚜렷하지만 전반적으로 소규모의 단위취락 중심의 양상이 나타나고 있다. 갑천유역은 최초 용산동취락을 중심으로 국지적인 형성을 나타낸 이후 재지화되면서 주변으로 확산되고, 이러한 과정속에서 단위취락과 중위취락으로 발전하게 되며 4단계에 최대 성장기를 나타낸 다. 그런데 이와 같은 성장은 대부분 5단계를 기점으로 쇠퇴하기 시작하지만, 6단계에도 중층의 구조를 갖는 관저동취락에 결집하여 상위취락을 형성하고 있다. 금강 중류역은 2단계부터 상위취락인 송담리를 중심으로 취락의 본격적 성장이 확인되는 점이 타 지역과 비교되는 특징이다. 3단계에는 취락 성장의 균질성이 나타나는 특징이 있으며 외부로부터 파급된 문화가 금강유역 전역에서 재지화되는 시점으로 파악되는데, 주변으로 확산되면서 대부분 중위 취락을 형성하고 있다. 이와 같이 각 취락별로 성장의 동력이 분산되지만, 4단계에 이르러 상위취락인 송원리로 다시 집중된다. 송원리취락은 이후 6단계에 이르기까지 상위취락을 유지하는데, 특히 금강유역 일원에서 전기의 취락 대부분이 쇠퇴하는 6단계에서도 송담리와 함께 상위취락을 유지하고 있다. 끝으로 전기 마지막단계에는 취락의 영역이 축소되어 주거밀도가 높아지는데, 상위취락을 유지하는 송원리취락 등의 공간범위가 직경 약 150~200m 정도이며, 갑천유역의 6단계 상위취락인 관저동취락도 직경 150m의 공간범위이다. 이와 같이 취락영역이 줄어드는 점은 대외적 취락 영향력의 감소가 예상되지만, 오히려 취락내 구성원간의 유대감과 동질성의 향상을 통해 효과적이고 집중화된 취락의 운영이 가능해진 것으로 볼 수 있다. This paper aims at reviewing the developmental trajectory of the Garakdong type settlement at the site level in the river Geum basin rather than accepting the conventional 2-3 sub-phases of EBA settlement classification. The settlements located in the Miho-stream basin as a small-size settlement type appeared relatively earlier than other regions. In the Gab-stream basin, the localized EBA settlement had been formed soon after the initial appearance at Yongsandong settlement, and later, it was developed into the small aggregate unit and middle size settlement and reached its biggest expansion in the fourth phase. However, such development had declined at the fifth stage, and the higher ranked settlement had been formed in the Gwanjeodong site through re-aggregation of population. In the middle reach of the River Geum, noticeable is the substantial growth of the settlement with Songdamri, a high ranked settlement, being centered in this region. At the third phase the similar settlement growth pattern is observed while the adopted EBA culture had been localized across the river Geum, spreading towards the peripheral area and forming the middle size settlement. Thus the driving force for settlement growth was diverted at each settlement, it seems that people had aggregated in the higher ranked settlement, Songwonri, at the fourth phase. Songwonri had kept its status until the sixth phase. In particular, it had remained as the higher ranked settlement along with Songdamri while all the other settlement declined. Lastly, the residential density had risen by shrinkage of the settlement area. The territory of the Songwonri settlement is a circle of 150∼200 m in diameter and that of the Gwanjeodong settlement is 150m in diameter. Such a reduced territory of the settlement reflects the diminished influence of the settlement in the exterior settlement interaction, but it might have helped to enhance a sense of community to be able to manage the settlement in a more effective and centralized way.

Working Principle of a Novel Three-directional Dumping Vehicle and Its Dumping Stability Analysis Under Ground-slope Conditions

공민규,박두산,심성보,장익주 한국농업기계학회 2017 바이오시스템공학 Vol.42 No.4

Purpose: It is to develop an agricultural three-directional dumping vehicle that can help farmers reduce intensive labor when carrying heavy loads and for easy dumping. In addition, a novel mechanism was applied for controlling the direction of the tilting cargo box by using a single hydraulic cylinder and simple apparatus. The overturning safety was analyzed to provide safe-use ground slope region of the vehicle to be used at upland fields and orchards. Methods: The developed three-directional dumping vehicle was constructed using a cargo box, vehicle frame, driving components, lifting components, and controller. The novel mechanism of controlling the dumping direction involves the operation of two latching bars, which selectively release or collapse the connecting edge between the vehicle frame and cargo box. A multibody dynamics analysis software (RecurDynV8R5) was used to determine the safe-use ground slope area when tilting the cargo box at slopes. A computer analysis was conducted by increasing the ground slope while rotating the vehicle when the cargo box comprised loads of 300 and 500 kg and stacking heights of 40 and 80 cm, respectively. Results: The three-directional dumping vehicle was successfully manufactured, and the cargo box was tilted at 37° and 35° for dumping forward and sideways. The latching bars were manually and selectively collapsed with the vehicle frame to control the dumping direction. When forward dumping, the safe-use ground slope was over 20° in all vehicle directions and loaded conditions. Conclusions: A threedirectional dumping vehicle was developed to reduce labor-intensive work in the farming environment. The user can easily control the dumping direction by using the control panel. The vehicle was safe to be used in most of the Korean upland fields and orchards (area over 96%) for the forward dumping.

無文土器文化 前期 磨製石器의 檢討(1) -半月形石刀 및 無莖式石鏃-

공민규 숭실사학회 2006 숭실사학 Vol.19 No.-

흉부 외상 환자를 대상으로 한 바늘흉강감압술 도관의 길이 및 삽입 위치에 대한 연구

공민규,김현종,박준석,김경환,신동운,김훈,박준민,전우찬 대한응급의학회 2016 대한응급의학회지 Vol.27 No.5

Purpose: Tension pneumothorax is a life threatening condition. As an emergency treatment, needle thoracostomy with 50mm angiocatheter at the second intercostal space on the mid-clavicular line (2nd ICS/MCL) is recommended in the current guidelines. However, another site has been suggested in some studies. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the current procedure should be changed, by comparing the chest wall thicknesses (CWT) at the 2nd ICS/MCL and the 5th ICS/AAL (anterior axillary line) of injured patients. Methods: A retrospective observational study was performed in an emergency center between May 2009 and December 2011. Medical records and computed tomography (CT) images of 140 included patients were reviewed. CWT at the 2nd ICS/MCL was compared with the 5th ICS/AAL. Moreover, the relationship between BMI (body mass index) and CWT was evaluated. Results: CWT of the 2nd ICS/MCL was 31.7±8.5 mm on the right and 31.6±8.8 mm on the left, with no differences (p=0.42). CWT of the 5th ICS/AAL was 28.1±8.5 mm on the right and 27.8±7.7 mm on the left, also with no differences (p=0.30). CWT of the 2nd ICS/MCL was thicker than that of the 5th ICS/AAL (p<0.001). Nevertheless, CWT of all sites were not thicker than 50 mm (p<0.001). BMI was positively correlated with CWT. Conclusion: There was insufficient amount of evidences shown in this study to change the current guidelines of needle thoracostomy. However, in case of obvious patients, a long needle and 5th ICS/AAL site should be considered for needle thoracostomy, because CWT tended to increase as BMI increased.

Full-thickness Sclerotomy for Uveal Effusion Syndrome

공민규,김재희,김상진,강세웅 대한안과학회 2013 Korean Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.27 No.4

To report the surgical outcome of full-thickness sclerotomy in five cases of uveal effusion syndrome (UES). Full-thickness sclerotomy without sclerectomy was performed on five eyes of four patients with UES with or without nanophthalmos. In four of the eyes, exudative retinal detachment associated with UES resolved after the sclerotomy. The subretinal fluid in one eye, which had a normal axial length, was relieved after undergoing three sclerotomy procedures. Full-thickness sclerotomy without vortex vein decompression or sclerectomy is an effective surgical option for the management of significant UES.

허혈성 심질환 환자에서 경요골동맥과 경대퇴동맥 경피적 관상동맥중재술 간의 효능과 안전 비교

공민규,주혜영,염석천,추진우,서대철,문인기,김진녕,정호은,조윤주,박병원,정진욱,방덕원,현민수 순천향대학교 순천향의학연구소 2012 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.18 No.2

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of transradial percutaneous coronary intervention (TRI) compared with transfemoral percutaneous coronary intervention (TFI) in patients with ischemic heart disease. Methods: We reviewed retrospectively the medical records including imaging data of the patients with ischemic heart disease who underwent TRI or TFI from January 2007 to December 2009 in Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital. We compared major adverse cardiac and cerebrovascular events (MACCEs) including death, myocardial infarction, revascularization, stent thrombosis, and cerebrovascular accident during follow-up period. We also compared procedure related vascular complications including hematoma,arteriovenous fistula, pseudoaneurysm, and infection. Results: Total number of patients was 347 (256 patients of TRI and 91 patients of TFI). There were no significant differences in the rate of MACCEs between two groups. There were significantly less procedure-related vascular complications in TRI group (3.1% vs. 11.0%, P=0.010). Conclusion: TRI is as effective as TFI with no difference in the rate of MACCEs in patients with ischemic heart disease. TRI is superior to TFI in safety with reduction of vascular complications

혈액 : 두개 내 형질 세포종으로 발현된 다발성 골수종 1예 (초)

공민규,윤진아,김한조,김경하,김세형,김현정,이상철,배상병,김찬규,이남수,박성규,이규택,원종호,홍대식,박희숙 대한내과학회 2010 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2010 No.-

금강 중류역 청동기시대 전기 취락의 검토

孔敏奎 한국청동기학회 2011 한국청동기학보 Vol.8 No.-

금강 중류역의 청동기시대 전기 문화는 일반적으로 가락동유형으로 대표되어왔다. 이 지역에서 가락동유형은 둔산식 주거지와 가락동식토기를 표지로 한다. 둔산식 주거지는 과거 둔산식-용암Ⅰ식-용암Ⅱ식으로 분류하였으나 최근의 조사 자료를 재검토하여 세분된 분류안을 제시할 수 있다. 가락동식 토기와 기타 공반된 토기의 문양요소에 대한 분석을 통해 가락동식토기 고유의 문양요소는 출현과 소멸의 과정이 진행되는데, 주거지의 변화상과 연관되는 것으로 판단된다. 다음으로 최근 이 지역에서 기존의 가락동유형과는 다른 양상의 청동기시대 전기 취락유적이 조사되었다. 대평리유적은 충적지에서 취락이 조사되었는데 미사리유형의 취락으로 판단된다. 대율리유적은 환호취락으로서 그 성격에 대해 다양한 논의가 진행되고 있다. 그 외에 일부 유적에서도 가락동유형과 다른 성격의 주거지가 조사되어 금강 중류역 청동기시대 전기 문화는 이제 다양한 양상으로 접어들고 있다 가락동유형의 취락은 지형적으로 구릉의 평탄면에 입지하며. 하천과의 관계속에서 볼 때 주로 2차 하천의 주변에 위치한다. 취락의 형태는 취락지리학의 성과를 참조하여 (단독·분산)점상취락-면상취락으로 구분한 후 각 유적을 검토하였다. 이를 통해 금강 중류역의 가락동유형 취락은 세대공동체 중심의 소취락을 기본구조로 조성되어 있음을 알 수 있다. 특히 지역별 변천상을 통해 중대형 취락을 중심으로 주변으로 확산되고 시간에 따라 취락의 분포상도 증가함을 알 수 있으며 형태는 점상취락에서 면상취락으로 변화된다. The early Bronze age culture around Geum river mid-stream is usually represented asGarakdong Cultural Assemblage. In this area, Garakdong Cultural Assemblage is recognized withdwelling site of Dunsan style and Garakdong style pottery. Dwelling site of Dunsan style used toclassify with Dunsan-Yongam I-Yongam II but recently research material is reviewed and it waspossible to suggest much segmentalized classification. Through analysis on Garakdong style pot-tery and other patterns of pottery, inherent patterns of Garakdong style pottery repeated theprocess of appearance and disappearance and it is judged as connected with the changed ofdwelling site.Next, nowadays in this area, the early Bronze age settlement remains was founded, which wasdifferent from existing Garakdong Cultural Assemblage. Daepyeongli archaeological sites wasfounded on the an alluvion, which was considered as Misari cultural assemblage. Daeyulliarchaeological sites is moated settlements and the argument on the character of it is still going on.In some other remains, the dwelling site which is different from Garakdong Cultural Assemblagewas spotted, so Geum river mid-stream the early Bronze age culture shows various aspects.Garakdong cultural assemblage is located on flat ground on the hill and related with stream,usually it is founded near the second stream. The type of settlement is classified and reviewed asDot type settlements-Plane type settlements referred to the results of settlements geography(sin-gle, dispersion). According to this, Gem river mid-stream Garakdong cultural settlements consistsof small settlements as basic structure focused on generation communities. Especially known asregional changes, it was spreaded with middle and large settlements as the center and the num-ber of settlements was getting higher and the shape was changed from dot type to plane type.

錦江流域 屯山式 住居址 再檢討

공민규 호서고고학회 2014 호서고고학 Vol.0 No.30

본고에서는 청동기시대 전기의 금강유역권에서 집중적으로 확인되는 둔산식주거지에 대해 재검토하였다. 둔산식주거지는 금강유역에서 방형·장방형·세장방형의 평면형태를 기본으로 내부에 위석식노지와 초석 등이 설치된 주거지를 통칭한다. 가락동유형의 표지적 요소로 이해되는 이러한 둔산식주거지는 1980년대 이후 금강유역의각지에서 산발적으로 조사가 이루어졌으며, 최근 조사예가 증가하는추세이다. 이와 같은 조사결과를 기반으로 여러 선행연구가 이루어져왔으나 둔산식주거지 자체에 대한 접근보다 가락동유형을 구성하는 한 요소로서 다루어지는 것이 일반적인 경향이었다. 또한 기존의연구결과와 배치되는 양상이 최근 보고된 신자료에서 다수 확인됨에따라 이에 대한 재검토가 필요할 것으로 판단되었다. 따라서 주거지의 평면형태와 규모, 내부시설 등에 대해 일차적인 재검토를 실시하여 형식분류를 실시하고, 각 형식의 상대적인 시간적 위치와 변천과정을 살펴보았다. 그 결과 기존의 방형-장방형-세장방형 또는 둔산식-용암Ⅰ식-용암Ⅱ식의 흐름과 같이 도식적인 변화보다 더 다양한전개양상이 나타남을 확인할 수 있었다. This paper aims at reconsidering the Dunsan-Style Early Bronze Age dwelling pits (house structures) concentrated in the Gum river basin. Dunsan-Style dwelling pits are characterized by the layouts of square, rectangular, and elongated shapes with upstanding stone hearths and stone foundations. A Dunsan-Style dwelling pit, the most representative trait of the Garak-dong type, has been spontaneously investigated since 1980’s, and the number of its excavation case has been recently increased. Despite few previous research on Dunsan-Style dwelling pits with a excavated dataset, it has been regarded as one compositional trait of Garakdong type, rather than an independant research subject. In addition, new contextural evidence, which opposes to its previously recognized characteristics, calls for a review on the Dunsan-Style dwelling pits. Thus typological analysis based on the layouts of the dwelling pits, size and internal space was carried out, and then establishing chronosequence of each morphological type and recognizing its temporal development is attempted. It turns out that more dynamic developmental trajectories than the previously proposed transition schemes of square-rectangular-elongated shape or Dunsan-Yongam Ⅰ-Yongam Ⅱ, are noticed.