기판부근에서의 N₂및 O₂ECR 플라즈마 분포특성연구

박종오,안무선,김필수 漢陽大學校 自然科學硏究所 1996 自然科學論文集 Vol.15 No.-

ECR 플라즈마는 낮은 기체 압력, 높은 이온밀도 및 낮은 이온에너지 등의 특성을 가지고 있어 저손상, 미세회로 및 신소재 개발공정의 유력한 수단으로 인식되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 질소와 산소 ECR 플라즈마 발생변수에 관한 특성을 조사하였다. 특히 질소 및 산소기체 플라즈마를 생성시켜 자장변화와 기체 압력에 따른 플라즈마 밀도의 균일성을 조사하였고, 기체 압력변화 및 기판부근의 위치변화에 따른 질소 및 산소 플라즈마의 이온밀도 및 전자에너지의 분포특성에 대하여 조사하였다. 기체 압력 20-60mTorr 범위에서 이온밀도는 기체압력이 낮을수록 증가하였고 자장세기 분포에 비례하는 경향을 보였으며, 전자에너지는 압력이 낮을수록 감소하는 현상을 보였다. 이는 질소와 산소 기체 모두에서 동일한 경향을 나타내었으며 특히 질소기체의 경우 기체압력이 높아질수록 생성된 플라즈마가 매우 불안정하였다. 따라서 높은 이온밀도를 가지는 안정된 플라즈마를 형성할 수 있는 조건으로는 낮은 기체압력, 높은자장세기분포 등이 요구됨을 알 수 있었다. ECR plasma, having its characteristics of low gas pressure, low ion energy and high ion density, has become one of useful means to research and development for new materials and microeletronic circuits with low loss. These study deals with the characteristics of N₂and O₂ECR plasma generation. Especially, the uniformity of plasma density depending on the magnetic field and gas pressure of N₂and O₂has been investigated. In addition, N₂and O₂ion densities, and electron energy distribution properties are examined with variation of gas pressure and position in the vicinity of substrate. In the gas pressure range of 20-60mTorr, the ion density increases as decreasing gas pressure, although it is nearly proportional to the magnetic field. On the other hand, electron energy decreases as decreasing gas pressure. These phenomena show in both N₂and O₂gas plasmas. Therefore, the conditions to produce a stable plasma with high ion density must be low gas pressure and high magnetic field.

<tex> ${\rm TmBa}_{2}{\rm Cu}_{3}{\rm O}_{7-{\rm x}}$</tex> Superconducting Thin Films Grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition

Rock-Kil Ko,O-Jong Kwon,Kyu-Jeong Song,Ahmad, D.,Chan Park,Joon-Ho Lee,Seung-Su An,Nam-Jin Lee,Sang-Soo Oh,Young-Cheol Kim Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2007 IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity Vol.17 No.2

<P>TmBa<SUB>2</SUB>Cu<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>7</SUB> <SUB>-</SUB> <SUB>x</SUB> films which is one of the (Rare earth)Ba<SUB>2</SUB>Cu<SUB>3</SUB>O<SUB>7</SUB> <SUB>-</SUB> <SUB>x</SUB> high temperature superconductors with small ionic radius of rare earth element, were deposited on STO (100) single crystal substrates and Y<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB>/YSZ/CeO<SUB>2</SUB> buffered metal substrates by pulsed laser deposition. The J<SUB>c</SUB> (77 K) and the value of onset of Tc TmBCO thin film on STO substrate was 4.5 MA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> and 86 K, respectively. The of J<SUB>c</SUB> TmBCO coated conductor on metal substrate was 1 MA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> . In-field property measurement was carried out at temperatures between 10 K and 77 K in magnetic filed up to 6 T in PPMS system. This is the first report, to the best of our knowledge, of TmBCO thin films and coated conductors with TmBCO film as the superconducting layer which have critical current densities at 77 K of 4.5 MA/ cm<SUP>2</SUP> and 1 MA/cm<SUP>2</SUP> , respectively. The superconducting properties of TmBCO films and the possibility of using TmBCO film as the superconducting layer of the HTS coated conductor, were investigated.</P>

일본잎갈나무 , 잣나무 , 신갈나무 임분 토양수 성질의 계절적 변이

오종민,진현오,손요환,주영특,정덕영,류성렬 한국환경농학회 2000 한국환경농학회지 Vol.19 No.1

토양수 내 이온 농도의 계절적 변이를 구명하기 위하여 경기도 광주군 퇴촌면에 위치한 26년생 일본잎갈나무, 잣나무, 신갈나무 임분의 O층, A층, B층에 zero tension lysimeter를 설치하고 1996년 9월부터 1999년 6월까지 토양수를 채취하여 분석하였다. 10월과 11월에 토양수 내 K^+, Mg^2+, Cl^-, NO_3^-등의 농도가 증가하였는데, 이는 가을철 낙엽 및 낙지의 유입에 의한 것으로 보이며, 3월과 4월에 Na^-, Ca^2+, K^+, Mg^2+ 등의 농도가 증가하는 것은 봄철에 빈번하게 발생하는 황사현상에 기인하는 것으로 사료된다. 또한 토양수 내 이온 가운데서 K^+의 농도가 연중 계절별로 가장 크게 변하는 것으로 나타났으며, 토양수 내 CI 농도는 K^+, Mg^2+ 농도와 양의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 단변량 시계열 분석 결과 연구기간 동안 토양수 pH는 지속적으로 감소하는 반면 Al^3+과 K^+농도는 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 이와 같은 경향이 지속될 경우 O층 토양수 내 Al^3+농도가 식물체에 피해를 줄 수 있는 최소농도 (0.018 meq/1)에 도달하려면 수종에 따라 차이는 있으나 10-20년이 소요될 것으로 추정되었다. To investigate seasonal variations of soil solution chemistry, samples were collected from zero tension lysimeters in O, A, and B horizons of 26-year-old Larix leptolepis. Pinus koraiensis and Quercus mongolica stands in Kwangju, Kyunggi Province from September, 1996 through June. 1999. Potassium, Mg^2+, Cl^-, and No_3^- concentrations increased in October and November concurrent with inputs of fresh litterfall and twigs. Sodium, Ca^2+, K^+, and Mg^2+ concentrations increased in March and April concurrent with the yellow sand effect. Potassium concentration showed the highest variation among ions, and Cl^- concentration showed positive correlations with K^+ and Mg^2+ concentrations. Soil solution pH decreased while Al^3+ and K^+ concentrations increased during the study period. If our data reflects long term trends. then Al^3+ concentration in the O horizon will reach the toxic level (0.180 meq/1) within 10-20 years depending on species

虹彩 體質 分析에서 心腎結合組織의 虛弱 體質과 高血壓 家族歷과 관련성 硏究

金鐘牛,黃祐準,琴坰樹,李始炯,李宗淳,都金錄,趙在運,趙州掌,金鐘煜 한국전통의학연구소 2002 한국전통의학지 Vol.12 No.1

Iridology, developed more than 100 years ago, is the diagnosis of medical conditions through noting irregularities of the pigmentation in the iris The purpose of this study is to compare interrelation between CVA, hypertension family history and cardio-renal connective tissue in Iris Constitution through iris constitution examination. The subjects consist of 114 patients who were examined in Iris Constitution at Chonju Oriental Medicine Hospital attached to Wonkwang Univ. from September. 1St. 2000 to August. 31th. 2002. 1. In the distribution of Iris Constitution, among of 79cases, There are neurogenic type 13cases, abdominal connective tissue weakness constitution 31 cases, cardio-renal connective tissue weakness constitution 6 cases, cholesterol 7 cases and others 22 case in control group. 2. There are familial history of CVA and hypertention 32 cases, no familial history of CVA and hypertention1 3 cases, in 35cases of experimental group. These results imply that there is meaningfulness of interrelation between cardio-renal connective tissue weakness constitution and. CVA, hypertention.

<i>Deqi</i> Induction by HT7 Acupuncture Alters Theta and Alpha Band Coherence in Human Healthy Subjects

Lee, Go-Eun,Yun, Jong-Min,Yang, Seung-Bum,Kang, Yeonseok,Kang, Hyung-Won,Choi, Kwang-Ho,Kim, Junbeom,Kwon, O. Sang,Park, Ji-Eun,Kim, Jae-Hyo Hindawi 2017 Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medic Vol.2017 No.-

<P>The aim of this preliminary study is to investigate the changes in phase synchronization in the theta and alpha bands before and during the performance of classical acupuncture on the Sinmun (HT7). The electroencephalogram (EEG) signals from nine healthy young subjects were recorded before and during acupuncture in the “closed-eye” state. The EEG signals were acquired from 19 surface scalp electrodes (FP1, FP2, F7, F3, Fz F4, F8, T3, C3, Cz, C4, T4, T5, P3, Pz, P4, T6, O1, and O2). Needles were inserted into the HT7 bilaterally and were then manipulated to induce<I> deqi</I> and retained for 15 minutes. Phase synchronization was measured by phase coherence. In the theta band, coherence significantly increased between the temporal (T5, T6) and occipital areas (O1, O2) during the acupuncture stimulation. In the alpha band, coherence significantly increased between the left temporal area (T5) and other areas (frontal, parietal, and occipital). Phase coherence in the theta and alpha bands tended to increase during the retention of the acupuncture needles after<I> deqi</I>. Therefore, it can be concluded that acupuncture stimulation with<I> deqi</I> is clinically effective via the central nervous system (CNS).</P>

독성물질의 세포사 기전 및 세포사 유발물질의 검색법 개발에 관한 연구(Ⅰ) : 독성물질로 인한 파킨슨병 모델에서의 세포사 기전 연구 Study on the cell-death mechanisms of toxin-induced parkinsonism

강태석,김종민,서경원,김영옥,김준규,오재호,이윤동,김규봉,오정자,송연정,임종준,전범석,문전옥,최광식 식품의약품안전청 2000 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.4 No.-

MPTP 독성물질이 도파민성 신경세포에 선택적으로 작용하여 산화성 손상에 의한 신경세포사를 일으키는 것을 이용하여 파킨슨병의 동물모델을 만들고, 이를 통해서 아폼토시스를 비롯한 포사의 기전에 대한 연구 및 너코틴의 신경세포 보호효과 여부를 판정하는 실험을 병행하고자 하였다. 파킨슨꾐의 동물모델을 MPTf 독성 물질을 이용하여 확립하였으며, MPTP(30mgag, i.p.)를 투여한 후 1, 2,3, 4, 5일째 흑질 조직을 채춰하여 tarm로 박걸하여 tyrosine hydroxylase 면역조직화학염색을 수행하여 cell countif우한 결과, control은 57.635ce11s, 1일째 친.OfDells,2일째 57.9±6cells,3일릴 없.3±죠ells, 4일째 49.0츠3cells, 5일째 39.4±Scells료 4, 3일째 뚜렷한 신경세포 수의 감소를 보였다. 신경세포사 기전 규명을 위한 아폼토시스 분걱에서는 벼PTP 투여 후 1, 2, 3, 4, 5일째 조직을 채취하여 Hoechst staining, TUNEL staining을 수곡하였는데 양성 반응을 보인 신경세포는 관찰되지 않아. 아폼토시스로 인한 세포사가 관찰되지 않았다. bIPTP 파킨슨병 동물모델에서 nicotine 보호효과 탐색에 관한 실험은 nicat푸e 0.2mgAg을 5일 퐁안 투여 후 리『fP(30mgag)를 CS7Bt/6 마은스에 복강 내주사로 nicotine과 병용 투여한 후 1, 2, 3, 4, 5일째 뇌를 적출하땄다. 신경세포사가 뚜렷이 관찰되기 시작하는 4, 5일째의 신경세포 수의 감소 정도를 20. 30% 정도 약화시키는 경향을 보였으나, nicotine 보호효과에 대한 추가 실헝이 현재 수행 중에 있다. The cause of Parkinson's disease (PD) is largely unknown. However, free radical toxicit? may plaf a role ip. the degeneration of substantia nigra, which is the Hajorfocus of pathological damages in PD. Recently, a neuroprotective effect of nicotine in PD has been suggested. Therefore, the mechanism of neurodegenerafion and protective potential o( nicotine in PD were investigated in the experimental modeB of Pll using a neurotoxin, C57BL/6mice were administered with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP, 30 mg/kg,j.p.). The degree of neurodegenerafion was determined by immunohistochemical stainiHB oftyrosine hydroxylase (TH). TH-positive cells on nigral sections were found 56.0 ±4, 57.9 ±6,52.315ce11s, 49.0±3cells, and 39,4±Scells at days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, respectively (controls : 57.6±Scells). Hoechst and TUNEL staining showed no evidence of apoptosis. The exandnation on themice co-adrunistered with nicotine(0.2mgAg) and MPTP(30mgag) revealed a tendency ofnicotine protective effects. At days 4 and 5, the degree of TH-positive cells was decreased by20-30%, In corclusiffn, the role of apoptosis was not evidenced in this MPTP modeB of PB.The possible proteccon by nicotine should be elucidated with further studies.

전복느타리버섯(Pleurotus cystidiosus O.K.Miller) 의 인공재배에 관한 연구

장갑열 ( Jang Gab Yeol ),전창성 ( Jeon Chang Seong ),신철우 ( Sin Cheol U ),박정식 ( Park Jeong Sig ),오세종 ( O Se Jong ),최선규 ( Choe Seon Gyu ),성재모 ( Seong Jae Mo ) 한국균학회 2003 韓國菌學會誌 Vol.31 No.3

Expression Patterns of HIF-1α Under Hypoxia in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells of Venous Malformations

Chung, Ho Yun,Lee, Seok Jong,Lee, Jong Min,Huh, Seung,Kim, Hyung Kee,Kwon, O Hyun,Lim, Hyun Ju,Oh, Eun Jung,Kim, Tae Jung,O, Teresa M.,Waner, Milton Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved. 2015 Annals of plastic surgery Vol.75 No.3

PURPOSE: The molecular pathophysiology of venous malformations (VMs), which are a type of vascular malformation, is poorly understood. Until now, it is known that VM lesions are related to the process of angiogenesis. Because angiogenesis is induced under hypoxic conditions, hypoxia is thought to be important in VM lesion formation. Therefore, we examined the implications of hypoxia on the biological behavior of VM vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). In doing so, we investigated the expression patterns of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), which plays a key role in hypoxia-induced angiogenesis, to provide a further understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in VM. METHODS: Vascular smooth muscle cells from 5 normal veins and 5 VM lesions were cultured under moderate hypoxic conditions (3% O2, 5% CO2). The effects of hypoxia on HIF-1α expression were measured by immunocytochemical staining, reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: Overall, the expression of HIF-1α in cells was high after exposure to hypoxia for 6 or 12 hours, but decreased after 24 hours of hypoxia. HIF-1α expression in VM VSMCs was 2 times higher than that in normal VSMCs. Immunocytochemically, HIF-1α was mainly located in the nucleus and the intensity in VM VSMCs was stronger after 6 and 12 hours of hypoxia when compared to the expression pattern of HIF-1α in VSMCs from normal tissue. This suggested that VM tissue is more susceptible to the effects of hypoxia than normal tissue. CONCLUSIONS: These results indicate that the high expression of HIF-1α in VM VSMCs under hypoxic conditions could be an important factor for stimulating downstream angiogenesis in VM. Furthermore, the results of this investigation could provide the basis for future studies of VM pathophysiology, and ultimately lead to the development of new therapeutic approaches.

幼兒의 運動練習 效果에 關한 實驗的 硏究

吳鍾漢 仁川敎育大學校 1974 論文集 Vol.9 No.-

In this research, we aims at the analysis of the effects resulted from the exercise and the suspension of the practice. The infants were given the tollowing seven types of exercise to do once a day : 1) standing on one leg, 2) repeated side steps, 3) standing broad jump, 4) bending forward, 5) continued jumping on one leg, 6) running broad jump, 7) back muscule power. The results were comperatively studied as they were drawn : 1) before the infants starded practice, 2) a month after started, 3) twomonths after started, 4) before and after the summer holydays. We have reached the conclusion that remarkable effects fo practice in exercise have been observed in respect of the types of exercise that required "Skillfulness" and "Promptness" but no remarkable efects have been observed in respect of the once that require muscular labor.

Resilon을 이용한 근관충전 시 수종의 치면처리제에 따른 미세누출 평가

오종현,박세희,신혜진,조경모,김진우 大韓齒科保存學會 2008 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.33 No.2

이 실험의 목적은 Resilon으로 근관충전된 치아에서 자가산부식전처리제에 따른 치근단 미세누출을 평가하고자 함이다. 70개의 단근치를 사응하였고 .04 Taper ProFile을 사용하여 ISO #40까지 근관성형 하였다. 치아는 근관충전 재료와 자가산부식 전처리제에 따라서 15개씩 4개의 실험군과 5개씩 2개의 대조군으로 나누었다. 실험 치아는 치아 장축에 평행하게 잘라내어 염색액의 최대 침투 길이를 측정하였다. 통계분석은 One-way ANOVA test로 분석하였으며 Scheffe test로 사후검정 하였다. 실험결과 자가산부식전처리제를 사용한 2, 3, 4군 사이에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 그러나 1군과 4군 사이에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 나타났으며 (p < 0.05), 1군에서 가장 적은 치근단 미세누출을 나타냈다. 이 실험 결과에 따르면 Resilon으로 근관충전을 한 치아는 gutta percha와 AH26^(ⓡ)으로 근관충전할 치아와 비교했을 때 더 좋은 치근단 밀폐를 나타내지 않는다는 결론을 얻었으며, Resilon을 사용하여 근관충전을 한 경우에 자가산부식 전처리제의 차이에 따른 치근단 밀폐효과의 차이를 보이지 않는다는 결론을 얻었다. The purpose of this study was to compare the apical microleakage in root canal filled with Resilon by several self-etching primers and methacrylate-based root canal sealer. Seventy single-rooted human teeth were used in this study. The canals were instrumented by a crown-down manner with Gate-Glidden drills and .04 Taper Profile to ISO #40. The teeth were randomly divided into four experimental groups of 15 teeth each according to root canal filling material and self-etching primers and two control groups (positive and negative) of 5 teeth each as follows: group 1 - gutta percha and AH26^(ⓡ) sealer; group 2 - Resilon, RealSeal™ primer and RealSeal™ sealer; group 3 - Resilon, Clearfil SE Bond^(ⓡ) primer and RealSeal™ sealer group 4 - Resilon, AdheSe^(ⓡ) primer and RealSeal™ sealer. Apical leakage was measured by a maximum length of linear dye penetration of roots sectioned longitudinally by diamond disk. Statistical analysis was performed using the One-way ANOVA followed by Scheffe' s test. There were no statistical differences in the mean apical dye penetration among the groups 2, 3 and 4 of self-etching primers. And group 1, 2 and 3 had also no statistical difference in apical dye penetration. But, there was statistical difference between group 1 and 4 (p < 0.05). The group 1 showed the least dye penetration. According to the results of this study, Resilon with self-etching primer was not sealed root canal better than gutta precha with AH26^(ⓡ) at sealing root canals. And there was no significant difference in apical leakage among the three self-etching primers.