캔음료중 epichlorohydrin 의분석법에 관한 연구

이광호,곽인신,최재천,전대훈,김형일,강경모,최병희,김귀정,이철원 식품의약품안전청 2001 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.5 No.-

캔식품중에 잔류하는 epichlorohydrin을 분석하기 위한 pu링e & trap-Cc/uf통D 분석법을 확립하여 캔의 lacauer 코팅제에서 식품으로 이행되어 잔류하는 epichtorohydfn을 측정하고, 식품유사용매에 의한 용출시험을 통해 일일추정섭취량을 산출하였다. epichlorohydrin의 검량선은 y=0.0006x+0.OO6?(R큰0.9983)의 직선성·라 0.05#ga의 검출한계를 나타내었다. 각종 음료 및 식품유사용매에 일정량의 epichlorohydrin을 첨가한 후 분석하였을 때 회수을은 72~91%였으며, 실제 시판되는 f5건의 캔음료 중 잔류하는 epichlorohydrin을 측정한 결과 모든 캔음료에서 검출한계(0.1#94) 이하였다. 제관업체에서 구입한 modifed epoxy, epoxy phenolic, vinyl organosol, epoxy phenol ester 등의 BADGE(bisphenol A diglycidyt ether)형 에폭시수지로 lacquer 코팅된 식품용 캔에 식품윤사용매인 10% 또는 95% 에탄올을 층L진한 후 90~121'c의 드라이오븐에서 30분~2시간동안 용출시켰을 패 캔의 lacquer 코팅재에서 식품유사용매로 이행되는 epichBorollydirn은 코팅재질, 그리고 가열온도 및 시간에 문관하게 모든 캔에서 검출한계(0.4#ga)이하 였다. 위의 용출결과를 FD.f_의 "Recommendation for Chemistry Data for Indirect Food Additive Petition" 윽 일일추정섭취량 산출법에 적용하여 얻은 epichtorohydrin의 일딜추정 섭 취 량은 0.2r조persorday이하였다. A sensitive ana1?~7tical method based on gas cl)romatogFapy~mass spectrometry with a selected ion monitoring (GE/hfS-Slhf) and the purge-and-trap concentrator ))·asdeveloped for determining ot'epicillorohydrin in canr;ed be)#erages coated with eporl· resin. Thecalibration rurve in the ranre of 0.j ~50nr had'correlation coefficient of 0.9983 and detection limit of 0.Osrga. Recoveries of epichlorohydrin spiked to beverages were in the range of 72 ~91% with detection limits of 0.1 #ga. fn survey of epichlorohydff in twenty commercialcanned beverage samples, epichlorohydrin was not found in all the samples with the detectionlimit of 0.1 r9a. In migration test of various cans coated with BADGE-based coating cans;modifed epoxy, epoxy phenolic, vinyl organosol, epox?· phenol ester were exposed to the foodsimulants of 10% ethanol and 95% ethanol. flfo delectable epichlorohydrin migrated to foodsiHulants was found in aTl the cars with detection Jimit of 0.4 #9/L. Using the miEration data,along uTith the applicstion of food and beverage cans complied with FDA's "Recommendationfor Chemlstry Data f,3r Indirect Food Additive Petition" , the potential dietary exposure toepichlorohydrin was estlmated to be under 0.2rf/person/day.

Association of HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 Alleles with Susceptibility to IgA Nephropathy in Korean Patients

In Ji Won,Jung Kiwook,Shin Sue,Park Kyoung Un,Lee Hajeong,Song Eun Young 대한진단검사의학회 2022 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.42 No.1

Background: Associations between IgA nephropathy (IgAN) and HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles have been reported in several ethnic groups. We investigated the association of HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 alleles with the predisposition for IgAN and disease progression to end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) in Korean patients. Methods: We analyzed HLA-DRB1 and -DQB1 genotypes in 399 IgAN patients between January 2000 and January 2019 using a LIFECODES sequence-specific oligonucleotide (SSO) typing kit (Immucor, Stamford, CT, USA) or a LABType SSO Typing Test (One Lambda, Canoga Park, CA, USA). Alleles with a significant difference in two-digit resolution were further analyzed using in-house sequence-based typing and sequence-specific primer PCR. As controls, 613 healthy hematopoietic stem cell donors were included. Kidney survival was analyzed in 281 IgAN patients with available clinical and laboratory data using Cox regression analysis. Where needed, P-values were adjusted using Bonferroni correction. Results: The allele frequencies of HLA-DRB1*04:05 (corrected P [Pc]<0.001), -DQB1 *04:01 (Pc=0.048), and -DQB1*03:02 (Pc=0.021) were significantly higher in IgAN patients than in controls, whereas those of HLA-DRB1*07:01, -DRB1*15:01, -DQB1*02:02, and -DQB1*06:02 (Pc<0.001 for all) were significantly lower in IgAN patients than in controls. The allele frequency of HLA-DQB1*05:03 (Pc=0.016) was significantly lower in the ESKD group than in the non-ESKD group; however, there was no significant difference for ESKD progression between these groups. Conclusions: We report novel associations of HLA-DRB1*15:01, DQB1*02:02, -DQB1*03:02, and -DQB1*04:01 with IgAN. Further studies of HLA alleles associated with IgAN progression in a larger cohort and in various ethnic groups are needed.

C형간염 진단을 위한 중합효소연쇄반응의 임상적 유용성 검토

이창훈,윤갑준,임인경 아주대학교 의과학연구소 1996 아주의학 Vol.1 No.1

Current serologic tests for the detection of antibody lo hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV) by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) produce occasional false positive reactions and do not provide useful data about the previous status of antibody formation. So, supplementary tests are necessary. Recently, the application of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for the detection of HCV RNA has been reported for this confirmatory purpose. The authors evaluated the clinical usefulness of this PCR assay as a routine laboratory diagnostic test for the detection of HCV infection. In this study, HCV-PCR assays were performed for 80 samples of liver disease, 27 samples of hemodialysis, and 40 samples of healthy blood donor. These assays utilized nested reverse transcriplase-PCR(RT-PCR) with two pairs of oligonucleotide primers (40S, NTA1, 80S, 300A) based on the 5'-UTR regions. The results were compared to those of tests for anti-HCV by EIA and another two primer pairs (#32, #36, #33, #48). Clinical data including ALT level were also compared. The results are as follows: HCV RNA was detected by PCR in 44/80(55%) cases. The comparison of results between PCR and EIA showed concordance in 48/72(67%) cases. Discordance that is negative by PCR but positive by EIA or positive by PCR but negative by EIA, occurred in 18/72(25%) cases and 6/72(8%) cases, respectively. In 6/72(8%) cases of positive by PCR but negative by EIA, the mean value of ALT was 145.3 IU/L, whereas the mean value of ALT was 70 IU/L in 16/72(23%) cases in which both tests were negative. The 40 healthy normal blood donors were all PCR negative. 12/27(44%) cases of hemodialysis patients were positive by PCR, but 9/12(75%) cases were negative by EIA. The comparison between two different primer pair sets showed concordance in 34/40 (85%) and discordance in 6/40 (15%) cases, respectively. In conclusion, PCR assay by simplified nested RT-PCR for the detection of HCV RNA can be a valuable diagnostic tool for the early detection of HCV infection and viremia. But further studies involving more clinical cases, in-depth analysis of possible factors causing false negative or positive reactions, and investigation of the technical aspects of specimen handling should be performed.

筒形器臺의 지역별 전개와 의의 - 부산·김해권역과 경주권역의 상호비교를 중심으로 -

이경인(Lee Kyoung In) 한국고대학회 2016 先史와 古代 Vol.48 No.-

이 글에서는 부산·김해권역과 경주권역에서 출토되는 통형기대의 전개 양상을 상호비교하여 통형기대의 성격을 밝히고자 하였다. 통형기대는 부산·김해지역에서 4세기 중반부터 5세기 중반까지 工자형, 亞자형, 장고형, 나팔형 등 다양한 유형을 보이면서 유행하며, 5세기 중반 이후 경주지역에서 장고형, 나팔형을 중심으로 나타나면서 주변지역으로 확산되기 시작하였다. 이른 시기의 경주 중심부에서는 적극적으로 채용되지 못하고 단선적으로만 이어지던 통형기대가 지역양식 토기가 확립되면서 각 지역의 중심세력으로 추정되는 고분군에 받아들여지면서 집중되기 시작한다. 이때는 지역마다 선호하는 유형을 선택적으로 수용하기도 하였다. 낙동강하류역에서는 지배집단의 세를 과시하는 유물의 하나로 사용되었던 통형기대가 경주지역에서는 화려한 금공품이나 유리제품, 장식마구 등이 위세품으로 사용되면서 성격이 변하게 되었다. 반면 금공품을 소유하기 어려운 지방의 중심세력들은 여전히 세를 과시하는 유물의 하나로 통형기대를 사용하였다. 출토양상도 매장주체부에서 벗어나 점차 봉토나 주구로 옮겨지면서 성격이 변하게 되었다. This paper tried to elucidate about ‘cylinder-shaped pottery stands’ by understanding how it has been developed in Busan, Kimhae, and Kyoungju area. Cylinder-shaped pottery stands was used from middle of four centuries to middle of five centuries by assuming the form like ‘工’ or ‘亞’ or hourglass-shaped drum or trumpet- shaped style and so on. But after middle of five centuries, it is changed hourglass-shaped drum or trumpet-shaped style in Kyoungju area, and it assumed proportions perimetrically to area of the surroundings. In early time Kyoungju area, cylinder-shaped pottery stands was not accepted in central part of the this area. But it begun to spread to tombs that is presumed central force in each area. At that time, it used be accepted selectively as preferred design type. In downstream basin of Nak-dong river, cylinder-shaped pottery stands that used by showing off ruling group's power was not used by using gold jewelry, article of glass, harness and so on. On the other hand, the local boss influences who can not use elite grave goods still use cylinder-shaped pottery stands. Also appearance of the burial has been changed, that from center of main tomb to upper part of tomb or moat.

제주특별자치도의 학교 수 변천과 영향요인 탐색

김경옥(Kyoung-Ok Kim),이인회(In-Hoi Lee) 제주학회 2022 濟州島硏究 Vol.58 No.-

본 연구의 목적은 제주의 학교 수 변화를 기반으로 학교 변천의 추이를 파악하고 그변천에 영향을 미친 핵심 요인들을 도출하는 데 있다. 이러한 연구 목적을 달성하기 위해 문헌연구와 심층면담조사를 실시하였다. 심층면담은 초·중등학교의 교장 경력이 있으며 교육청의 장학관 또는 국·과장을 역임한 전직 교원 4명을 대상으로 2020년 10 월 17일∼11월 28일 사이에 진행되었다. 주요 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 제주의 학교 수 변천 추이는 태동기, 정초기, 양적 발전기, 질적 전환기의 4단계로 나타났다. 둘째, 제주 학교의 변천에 영향을 준 요인들은 정초기를 제외하고 교육정책 외적 요인이 교육정책 요인보다 크게 영향을 주었다. 이는 당시 제주가 직면한 사회적 상황, 교육과 관련한 이해집단과의 상호작용 등의 교육정책 외적 요인이 작용했기 때문인 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과는 해당 교육청이 향후 학교 관련 정책을 수립하는데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다. The purpose of this study was to identify the transitional process of schools’ number and to analyze the essential factors affecting the school transition based upon the change in the number of schools in Jeju. To accomplish it, the study used literature research and interview surveys. In-depth interviews were conducted from Oct. 17th through Nov. 28th, 2020, with the former four principals who had experienced managers, directors, or supervisors of the educational office. Major results of the study are as follows: First, the transitional process of schools in Jeju was revealed in four stages of fomentation, foundation, quantitative expansion, and qualitative transition. Second, the essential factors that influenced the transition of schools in Jeju were non-policy factors rather than policy factors on all stages except for the foundation one. The results would be used as the basic resources for future policy making in the educational office.

Natural products used as a chemical library for protein–protein interaction targeted drug discovery

Jin, Xuemei,Lee, Kyungro,Kim, Nam Hee,Kim, Hyun Sil,Yook, Jong In,Choi, Jiwon,No, Kyoung Tai Elsevier 2018 Journal of molecular graphics & modelling Vol.79 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Protein–protein interactions (PPIs), which are essential for cellular processes, have been recognized as attractive therapeutic targets. Therefore, the construction of a PPI-focused chemical library is an inevitable necessity for future drug discovery. Natural products have been used as traditional medicines to treat human diseases for millennia; in addition, their molecular scaffolds have been used in diverse approved drugs and drug candidates. The recent discovery of the ability of natural products to inhibit PPIs led us to use natural products as a chemical library for PPI-targeted drug discovery. In this study, we collected natural products (NPDB) from non-commercial and in-house databases to analyze their similarities to small-molecule PPI inhibitors (iPPIs) and FDA-approved drugs by using eight molecular descriptors. Then, we evaluated the distribution of NPDB and iPPIs in the chemical space, represented by the molecular fingerprint and molecular scaffolds, to identify the promising scaffolds, which could interfere with PPIs. To investigate the ability of natural products to inhibit PPI targets, molecular docking was used. Then, we predicted a set of high-potency natural products by using the iPPI-likeness score based on a docking score-weighted model. These selected natural products showed high binding affinities to the PPI target, namely XIAP, which were validated in an <I>in vitro</I> experiment. In addition, the natural products with novel scaffolds might provide a promising starting point for further medicinal chemistry developments. Overall, our study shows the potency of natural products in targeting PPIs, which might help in the design of a PPI-focused chemical library for future drug discovery.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> This paper provides <I>in silico</I> drug discovery strategy to identify natural products capable to inhibit the protein–protein interactions. </LI> <LI> The predicted PPI inhibitor-like natural products were validated in an in vitro experiment. </LI> <LI> The XIAP inhibitor LENP0044 could be used as a potent template for further chemical optimization. </LI> <LI> Natural products can be used as potent candidates in the design of a PPI-focused chemical library for drug discovery. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1997)

김재홍,문득곤,김정수,김용준,임동진,박상훈,김희성,이민수,송기훈,김갑형,김형석,성소영,이인섭,김석우,황지환,조창근,김경문,부태성 대한화학요법학회 2000 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.18 No.3

Background : In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. Objective & Methods : For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of PPNG, we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by means of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. Results : In 1997. 99 strains of N. gonorrhoeae were isolated, among which 45(45.5%) were PPNG. Conclusion : The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 45.5% in 1997.

Prevalence and Correlates of Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors among North Korean Defectors

Ji Hyun An,Kyoung Eun Lee,Hyo Chul Lee,Hae Soo Kim,Jin Yong Jun,Hye In Chang,Suk Sun Kim,Su Yeon Lee-Tauler,Jin Pyo Hong 대한신경정신의학회 2018 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.15 No.5

Objective Despite the increasing number of North Korean defectors, research on their mental health conditions and suicidal thoughts and behaviors has not been conducted systematically. We examined the prevalence and risk factors of suicidal thoughts and behaviors in North Korean defectors. Methods This study focused on 300 North Korean defectors recruited from regional resettlement centers in South Korea. In-person interviews based on the North Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview were conducted to diagnose mental disorders and assess suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Logistic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the association between suicidal thoughts and behaviors and socio-demographic variables, and DSM-IV mental disorders. Results Lifetime prevalence of suicidal ideation, plans, and attempts were 28.3, 13.3, and 17.3%, respectively. Female sex (OR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.0–3.9), presence of health problems in the past year (2.6, 95% CI: 1.4–4.6), and absence of both South Korean acquaintances (1.9, 95% CI: 1.0–3.4) and North Korean family (1.7, 95% CI: 1.0–2.9) were associated with higher odds of suicidal thoughts and behaviors, after adjusting for participant age, sex, and education. Presence of a mental disorder was associated with a significantly increased odd of suicide ideation, plan, and attempt. Of all mental disorder categories, agoraphobia had the strongest association with suicidal ideation(6.5, 95% CI: 2.0–21.6), plans (7.7, 95% CI: 2.5–23.2) and attempts (12.0, 95% CI: 3.5–40.8). Conclusion Suicidal thoughts and behaviors among North Korean defectors are higher than the general population in South Korea, especially show high rates in transit countries. Further study should focus on the changes in suicidal thoughts and behaviors according to the settlement process and early prevention.

Evaluation of energy and water recovery in forward osmosis–bioelectrochemical hybrid system with cellulose triacetate and polyamide asymmetric membrane in different orientations

Yang, Euntae,Kim, Kyoung-Yeol,Chae, Kyu-Jung,Lee, Mi-Young,Kim, In S. Balaban Publishers 2016 Desalination and Water Treatment Vol. No.

<P>Recent forward osmosis-bioelectrochemical hybrid systems (FO-BESs) have been designed to simultaneously produce bio-energy and clean water from wastewater. Asymmetric forward osmosis (FO) membranes are a crucial component for determining FO-BES performance, but only cellulose triacetate (CTA NW) membranes in the same orientation have been applied to FO-BESs. In this work, both CTA NW and polyamide (PA) membranes were tested in two membrane orientations (active layer facing feed solution or anolyte and support layer facing feed solution). For an in-depth understanding of the FO membranes, properties were investigated using scanning electron microscopy, contact angle, impedance spectroscopy, and proton transport analyses. The electricity generation and water extraction in FO-BESs having these two FO membranes in different orientations were then evaluated. Based on membrane characterization, PA seemed to be a proper membrane for the FO-BES because of higher hydrophilicity, lower membrane thickness, lower mass transfer resistance, and better proton transfer ability. However, there was no significant current output difference between the FO-BESs having CTA NW and PA. Rather, in terms of water flux, the FO-BESs having CTA NW in the support layer facing feed solution orientation showed better performance.</P>

Comparison of Paclitaxel-Versus Sirolimus-Eluting Stents for the Treatment of Acute ST-Elevation Myocardial lnfarction

김현숙 ( Hyun Sook Kim ),이재환 ( Jae Hwan Lee ),성인환 ( In Whan Seong ),이승환 ( Seung Whan Lee ),이경석 ( Kyoung Suk Rhee ),김원호 ( Won Ho Kim ),고재기 ( Jae Ki Ko ) 전북대학교 의과학연구소 2007 全北醫大論文集 Vol.31 No.1

Objectives: Paclitaxel-eluting stent (PES) and sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) are more effective than bare-metal stent for reducing restenosis. However, it is not known whether there are differences between PES and SES in terms of safety and efficacy in the setting of ST-elecation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Methods and Results: Acute STEMI patients (n=231) undergoing primary stenting were randomly assigned to PES (n=115) or SES (n=116) treatment. Primary end point was in-segment late loss at 6 months. Secondary end points were 6-month angiographic restenosis and major adverse cardiac events (MACE) at 9 months. At 6 months, in-segment late loss was higher in the PES than the SES group (0.33±0.70 vs. 0.05±0.40mm, respectively, p<0.001). During 9-month follow-up, 14 (6.1%) patients were died (9 in PES, 5 in SES group). Nine-month TLR (7.8% vs. 2.6%, p=0.09) and MACE (15.7% vs. 6.9%, p= NS) tended to be lower in SES group than PES group. Conclusions: Both PES and SES implantation was safe, and both showed favorable clinical outcomes in STEMI patients undergoing primary angioplasty. SES appeared to be superior to PES in preventing neointimal hyperplasia.