한국인 제2형 당뇨병 환자의 골격근에서 인슐린 신호전달체계의 결함

최준혁,이관우,김효정,이동훈,이종우,김정은,엄현채,김경미,최성이,정윤석,김현만 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.5

연구배경: 제2형 당뇨병에서 나타나는 인슐린 저항성은 간, 지방, 근육 같은 말초조직에서 인슐린의 작용이 떨어지는 것을 말한다. 제2형 당뇨병의 발생기전에 인슐린 저항성과 인슐린 분비능 저하가 같이 관여함은 잘 알려진 사실이다. 인슐린의 세포내에서의 저항성을 규명하기 위한 인슐린의 세포내 신호전달체계에 대한 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있으며 몇몇 연구에서 인슐린 저항성을 가진 골격근육에서 IRS와 관련된 PI3-kinase의 활성감소와 Akt kinase의 활성감소를 보고하고 있으나 아직까지 명확하게 그 기작이 설명되어지지 않고 있다. 본 연구에서는 정상성인, 제2형 당뇨병 환자를 대상으로 경구당부하검사 및 인슐린 클램프검사를 시행하고 인슐린 클램프 검사시 대상인의 근육을 채취하여 인슐린 신호전달 체계(IR-β, IRS, Akt(PKB, Rac) kinase, GSK-3)를 연구하였다. 방법: 연구대상자는 한국인으로서 경구당부하검사상 정상인 및 당뇨병 환자 각각 11명, 9명을 대상으로 하였으며, 정상인은 건강인으로 과거력상 당대사에 영향을 줄 질환이 없고, 현재 당대사에 영향을 줄 약물 복용 및 다른 소견이 없는 경구당부하검사상 정성 내당능을 보이는 대상자로 하였다. 당뇨병환자는 모두 제2형 당뇨병 환자로 이환기간이 만 5년 이내인 경우로 하고, 인슐린으로 치료하는 대상자는 제외하도록 하였다. 대상자의 연령, 체질량지수, 체지방량, 공복시 총콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 고밀도지단백 콜레스테롤 및 HbA1c, 인슐린, C-peptide를 측정하였고, "HOMA model"을 이용하여 베타세포의 기능와 인슐린저항성 정도를 평가하였다. 정상혈당클램프 검사(euhlycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test)를 시행하고 인슐린 투입 전과 인슐린 투입 30분후, 두차례에 걸쳐 대퇴부 근육생검을 실시한후 western 법으로 IR-β, IRS, Akt kinase, GSK-3의 인산화량을 측정하였다. 결과: 정상인 11명과 당뇨병 환자 9명을 대상으로 하였으며 대상자의 평균 연령, 평균 체질량지수, 체지방량, 허리/엉덩이 둘레의 비(waist hip ratio; WHR)는 두 군간에 차이가 없었다. 평균 공복혈당은 정상군 98.0±0.3㎎/dL, 당뇨병군 208.1±16.5㎎/dL(p<0.05), HbA1c는 정상군 5.4±0.5%, 당뇨병군 9.2±0.6%(p<0.05)였다. "HOMA model"을 이용한 베타세포의 기능과 인슐린저항성은 정상군 56.4±8.5%, 1.4±0.2, 당뇨병군 72.2±52.3%(p<0.01), 10.2±6.3(p<0.01)였으며 정상혈당클램프 검사상 포도당 이용률은 정상군 8.2±0.6㎎/㎏/min, 당뇨병군 3.7±1.1㎎/㎏/min(p<0.01)로 정상군과 당뇨병군간에 유의한 차이를 나타내었다. Western blot법으로 IR-β, IRS, Akt kinase, GSK-3의 인산화량을 인슐린 투입전과 인슐린 투입 30분후 측정하였을 때 IR-β에서는 정상군이 103.9±2.3에서 241.3±18.6, 당뇨군이 108.9±2.2에서 198.7±6.3으로 증가하였다(p=NS). 이는 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 통계적인 차이가 없었다. IRS에서는 정상군이 111.6±7.3에서 295.6±17.2, 당뇨군이 114.5±6.1에서 222.0±23.2로 증가하였으며(p<0.05), 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 약 24% 감소하였다. Akt kinase에서는 103.4±6.0에서 416.8±29.5로 증가하였으며(p<0.01), 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 약 43% 감소하였다. GSK-3에서는 정상군이 107.7±6.7에서 595.7±28.1, 당뇨군이 104.3±4.8에서 443.3±12.9로 증가하였으며(p<0.01), 인슐린 투입후 당뇨병군이 정상군과 비교하여 인산화량의 증가정도가 약 25% 감소하였다. 결론: 제2형 당뇨병 환자에서 정상인과 비교하여 인슐린 자극후 IR-β는 인산화량의 증가정도가 큰 차이가 없었으나, IRS, Akt kinase, GSK-3에서는 인산화량의 증가 정도가 감소되는 것으로 보아 상위 인슐린 신호전단체계부터 결함이 있는 것으로 생각된다. Background: The glucose uptake rate is the limiting step in glucose utilization and storage. The failure of insulin to stimulate glucose uptake in muscle appears to be a primary defect of insulin resistance. This study was undertaken to examine the effect of physiological hyperinsulinemia on the phosphorylation of the insulin receptor (IR-β), insulin receptor substrate (IRS), Akt kinase and GSK-3 in isolated skeletal muscle, in people with type 2 diabetes(n=9) and control subjects(n=11). Methods: 75g OGTT and euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test were done. And vastus lateralis muscle was obtained before and 30 min into the euglycemic clamp. Western blots were performed for tyrosine phosphroylation of insulin receptor substrate (IRS) and phosphorylation of the insulin receptor(IR-β), Akt and GSK-3. Result: There were no statistical differences in the mean age, BMI and body fat between the control subjects and diabetic patients. The fasting blood sugar and HbA_1c in controls and diabetic patients were 98.0±0.3 and 208.1±16.5ng/dl, and 5.4±0.5 and 9.2±0.6%, and 1.4±0.2 in the control subjects, and 72.2±52.3%(p<0.01) and 10.2±6.3(p<0.01) in the diabetic patients, respectively. The insulin resistance from the euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp test were 8.2±0.6㎎/㎏/min and 3.7±1.1ng/㎏/min in the control subjects and in the diabetic patients, respectively(p<0.01). Compared with the normal controls, insulin-stimulated IR phosphorylation was no different to that in the diabetic patients. However, insulin-stimulated IRS phosphorylation, insulin-stimulated Akt phosphorylation and insulin-stimulated GSK-3 phosphorylation were reduced in the diabetic patients compared with the normal controls by 24, 43 and 25%, respectively(p<0.05). Conclusion: In Korean type 2 diabetic patients, the insulin resistance may be due to the impairment of the upstream insulin signal molecular network. Further studies will focus on determining whether these signaling defects are the cause of the development of insulin resistance, or secondary to the altered metabolic state, associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 17:685∼697, 2002).

향신료의 젖산균에 대한 항균력 비교 연구

정현진,김미경,김미정,김순동 대구효성가톨릭대학교 식품과학연구소 1997 식품과학지 Vol.9 No.-

32종의 향신료를 물, 에탄올, 에틸에테르 및 에틸아세테이트로 추출하여 김치의 주발효균인 L. plantarum과 Leu. mesenteroides에 대한 항균력을 조사하였다. L. plantarum에 대한 항균력은 물 추출물에서는 caraway, cardamon, paprika, tarragon을 제외한 28종에서 항균력이 있었으며, 에틸에테르추출물에서는 arrowroot, paprika 및 tarragon을 제외한 29종이 항균력이 있었다. 에틸아세테이트추출물에서는 paprika 및 tarragon을 제외한 30종이 항균력이 있었으며, 에탄올추출물에서는 clove, paprika와 tarragon을 제외한 29종이 항균력을 나타내었다. Leu. mesenteroides에 대한 항균력은 물추출물에서는 caraway, cardamon, paprika 및 thyme을 제외한 28종에서 항균력을 나타내었으며, 에틸에테르추출물에서는 cardamon, cumin, paprika, tarragon 및 thyme을 제외한 27종이 항균력을 나타내었다. 에틸아세테이트추출물에서는 paprika 및 thyme을 제외한 30종이 항균력이 있었으며, 에탄올추출물에서는 cardamon, cumin, paprika 및 thyme을 제외한 28종이 항균력이 있었으며, 그 중 arrowroot, basil, garlic과 turmeric이 비교적 우수하였다. Leu. mesenteroides에는 항균력이 없으나 L. plantarum에는 높은 항균력을 가지는 것으로는 thyme 물추출물, cardamon, cumin 및 thyme의 에탄올추출물과 에틸에테르추출물, thyme의 에틸아세테이트추출물 등이었다. L. plantarum에 대하여 항균력을 나타내는 thyme 물추출물과 Leu. mesenteroides에 대하여 항균력을 나타내는 tarragon 물추출물을 첨가한 김치의 보존성을 조사한 결과 thyme 물추출물을 첨가한 경우에서 보존성과 품질면에서 양호하였다. 그 중 L. plantarum에 항균력이 있는 thyme 물추출물 첨가한 김치가 보존성 뿐만 아니라 맛에 있어서도 우수한 효과를 나타내었다. Antimirobial activities of 32 kinds of spices extracts on microorganisms related to kimchi fermentation were investigated. 32 kinds of spices such as allspice, arrowroot, basil, bay leaves, caraway, cardamon, celery, chilli powder, chives, cinnamon, clover, coriander, cumin, dill, fennel, garlic, horseradish, marjorarm, mugwort, mustard, nutmeg, onion, oregano, paprika, parsely, pepper, peppermint, rosemary, sage, tarragon, thyme and turmeric were extracted with water and serveral organic solvents such as ethylether, ethylacetate and ethylalcohol. Fractions were tested for antimicrobial activities against L. plantarum and Leu. mesenteroides. The extract of 28 kinds of spices except caraway, cardamon, paprika and tarragon by water extraction, those of 29 kinds except arrowroot, paprika and tarragon by ethylether extraction, those of 30 kinds except paprika and tarragon by ethylacetate extraction, and those of 29 kinds except clover, paprika and tarragon by ethylalcolhol extraction showed stong antimicrobial activities against L. plantarum. On the other hand, the extracts of 28 kinds of spices except caraway, cardamon, paprika and thyme by water extraction and those of 27 kinds except cardamon, cumin, paprika, tarragon and thyme by ethylether extraction, and those of 30 kinds except paprika and thyme by ethylacetate extraction, and those of 28 kinds except cardamon, cumin, paprika and thyme by ethylalcohol extraction showed strong antimicrobial activities against Leu. mesenteroides. Thyme extract by water extraction especially showed strong antimicrobial activities against kimchi microorganisms, finally prolonging shelf-life and enhancing quality of kimchi. The results suggest the possible use of the spices extract as natural preservatives for kimchi.

목초액의 엽면살포가 선학초(Agrimonia pilosa L.)의 종자수량에 미치는 영향

정대수,신상현,김현경,오주성,이용호 東亞大學校 大學院 2002 大學院論文集 Vol.27 No.-

Agrimonia pilosa L. has been used as a medicinal plant in traditional folk remedy, and it shows inereasing tendency at various sections such as medicine-making material, functional food, and agricultural chemicals using plant or extract. The treatment was 400times solution(50㎖), 600times solution(33.3㎖), 800times solution(25㎖), 1,000times solution(20㎖) and 1,200times solution(16.7㎖) level with foliar application of wood extraction in Agrimonia pilosa L. The results obtained through these experiments were summarized as follows; plant height, stem number, leaves was increased with 800times solution(25㎖) foliar application of wood extraction. Among foliar application of wood vinergar soution diluted by 800-1,200 times was most effective considering growth and yield as compared other dilutions and control plot.

크롬(Ⅵ)의 체내 흡수와 소실속도에 관한 연구

김현영,이성배,임철홍,이권섭,정용현,이종성,한정희,전윤석,황호순,이용묵 한국산업위생학회 2003 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.13 No.1

The CrO3 mostly used in plating. metal surface disposal, leather, cosmetic manufacturing, as an experiment material by repeatedly inhaling and exposure the male S.D. rats at a 0.00, 0.2., 0.50, 1.25 mg/㎡ concentration(particle size: 0.5-0.5 aerosol)6hours a day, 5day a week in 13weeks comparing with 2weeks, 8weeks of recovery group about the noxiousness of the experiment animal and the reduce scale of the CrO3 in the internal organ especially in blook and respiratory organ with the period of convalescent and clearance. The experiment results which we received are as follows. 1. In blood the RBC, HGB and HCT experiment, rats with 0.20, 0.50 mg/㎡ concentration showed that there were some decreases but not dependent. The kidneys absolute weight compared with control group was reduced intentionally(p〈0.05) and the lungs absolute weight compared with control group showed intentional increase(p〉0.05). 2. After the exposure of the experiment material, the whole blook, l\blood plasma and red blood cell in blood by (x): the period of convalescent, per (y); the decreasing of Cr concentration, was y=66.51 e -0.057x, y=67.2 e-0.101x, y=70.01 e-0.030 in 0.50 mg/㎡ exposure concentration by calculating the clearance coefficient of correlation, and the half life (day)was estimated 12.0, 6086, 23.0 each. 3, After the exposure of the experiment material, the experiment animals lung, liver and kidneys by(x); the period of convalescent, per (y); the decreasing of Cr conentration, was y=1808 e-0.00493x, y=12.02e-0.0297x, y=67.61 e-0.0292x in 0.50mg/㎡ exposure concentration by calculating the clearance coefficient of correlation, and the half life(day)was estimated 140.6, 23.3, 23.7, each, and including lung, liver with all of the experiment internal organs, the Cr clearance decreased as the exposure concentration increased.

톨루엔 노출 근로자에서 요중마뇨산 배설농도로 평가한 호흡보호구 착용효과에 관한 연구

김범석,박정일,임현우,김형아,오상용 大韓産業醫學會 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.4

목적 : 보호구 착용 효과에 대한 실제적, 구체적자료를 제시함으로서 예방목적의 보호구 사용에 대한 근로자들의 인식을 제고시키기 위함이다. 방법 : 서울시내에 소재한 일부 그라비아 인쇄소에서 톨루엔이 함유된 잉크 및 희석제를 취급하는근로자 26명을 대상으로 본 연구를 수행하였다. 유기가스용 방독마스크 미착용 상태와 유기가스용 방독마스크 착용후 작업환경 중 톨루엔 개인노출농도와 요중 마뇨산 시간별 농도를 측정, 비교하였다. 결과 : 그라비아 인쇄소의 공기중 톨루엔 개인노출농도는 유기가스용 방독마스크 미착용일과 착용일에서 각각 147.52+57.34 ppm 및 134.55+52.44ppm으로 통계학적으로 유의한 차이는 없었다. 방독마스크 미착용일파 착몽일의 작업종료 후 요중 마뇨산 농도의 기하평균값은 각각 1.5) 10.33:1 g/L 및0.49(0.14) 하였으며 두 일간에 유의한 차이를 보였단. 방독마스크 미착용일에서 요중 마뇨산 농도는 근무시작 4시간 후(오후 작업시작전, 13:00)부터 유의하게 증가하기 시작하였으며, 착용일에서는 근무종료시까지 유의한 증가를 보이지 않았다. 유기가스용 방독마스크 착용 효과를 톨루엔 대사산물인 요중마뇨산 농도로 평가하면 착용시 농도가 미착용시에비하여 89.3% 감소하였다. 보호구 미착용일에 있어서 공기중 톨루엔 개인노출농도와 요중 마뇨산 농도는 유의한 상관성을 나타났으며 회귀방정식은 Y(요중 마뇨산, g/L) =0. OO7x (공기중 톨루엔, ppm)+0.665로 계산되었다. 결론 : Fit Test등 올바른 보호구 착용 교육을 통한 전 작업시간에 걸친 유기가스용 방독마스크 보호구 착용은 직업적인 톨루엔 노출의 호흡기 흡수를거의 대부분 차단하였다. Objectives : This study was carried out in order to raise workers' recognition of the effects of respirator use by providing concrete and practical data. Methods : Twenty-six workers who dealt with toluene based ink and diluents at a gravure printing office in Seoul were investigated. The toluene exposure level and urinary hippuric acid level were monitored under respirator non-wearing (RNW) and under respiratory wearing (RW) conditions. Results : The mean concentrations of toluene exposed to each worker through the air of gravure printing office were 147.52±57.34 and 134.55±52.44 ppm on respirator non-wearing day and respirator wearing day, respectively. There was no significant difference in toluene exposure concentration for the two days. The mean concentration of urinary hippuric acid in RNW and RW groups were 1.51 (0.53) g/L and 0.49 (0.14) g/L, respectively, as measured at the end of the workday. There was a significant difference seen in urinary hippuric acid concentration between the two days. The urinary hippuric acid concentration began to increase at 4 hours after the start of the workday (13:00) in RNW. However, there was no significant increase until the end of the workday in the case of RW. The urinary hippuric acid concentration in RW reduced 89.3% as compared with the concentration seen in RNW. There was a significant correlation between the toluene concentration and the urinary hippuric acid concentration in RNW. The regression equation was Y (urinary hippuric acid concentration, g/L) = 0.007 ×χ(toluene concentration in the air, ppm) + 0.665. Conclusions : Our results indicate that the respirator intercepted most toluene that may have been absorbed Into the respiratory organs, and suggested that properly wearing a respiratory such as wearing the respirator during the entire workday and performing a proper fit test played an important role in the protection from toluene exposure

貯臟期間의 經過에 따른 들깨 種實內의 成分變化에 관한 硏究

鄭大守,金度勳,金賢勍 東亞大學校生命資源科學大學附設 農業資源硏究所 1994 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.3 No.1

本 試驗은 水原, 大邱, 金海 및 濟州의 4個 地域에서 蒐集한 들깨種子를 東亞大學校 農科大學 附屬農場에서 1989年度부터 1993年度까지 栽培한 후, 年次的으로 常溫에서 貯藏하였으며, 貯藏期間은 1年에서 5年까지 하였고, 發芽率 및 電氣傳導度 檢定, 蛋白質含量, 全脂質의 化學的 特性과 粗脂肪 含量 및 脂肪酸粗成의 變化를 貯藏期間에 따라 比較 分析한 結果는 다음과 같다. 1.들깨種實의 發芽率은 貯藏3年째부터 20% 以下로 급격히 減少하였다. 2.Acid value는 貯藏期間이 1∼3年 사이에는 거의 變化가 없었으나 3年 以後에는 急激히 增加하였고, iodine value는 貯藏期間이 經過함에 따라 減少하였다. 3.貯藏期間에 따른 粗脂肪 含量의 變化는 貯藏期間이 經過함에 따라 減少하였으며, 品種間에는 다른 品種에 비하여 大邱品種이 減少의 정도가 컸다. 4.脂肪酸 組成의 變化는 貯藏期間이 經過함에 따라 不飽和地方酸인 linoleic acid와 linolenic acid의 含量은 減少하였으나, oleci acid는 상대적으로 增加하였으며, 飽和脂肪酸인 palmitic acid와 stearic acid의 含量은 增加하였다. This experiment was conducted to investigate the changes in germination rate, conductivity, protein content, acid value, iodine value, total lipids, and fatty acid composition according to storage period. The experiment was carried out from 1989 to 1993, and the samples were collected in Suwon, Daegu, Kimhae, and Cheju. The samples were stored in room temperature. The results obtained were as follows ; 1.Germination rate was rapidally decreased below 20% during 3 years in perilla seed. 2.Acid value was not definite according to storage periods from 1 to 3 years, but was rapidly increased after 3 years. However, iodine value was decreased according to storage periods. 3.Oil content was decreased in accordance with storage periods, and was lower Daegu variety than other varieties. 4.In the case of fatty acid composition, linoleic acid and linolenic acid decreased during storage period, but oleic acid were relatively increased, and palmitic acid and stearic acid increased.

골다공증 환자에서 Alendronate (Marvil)의 1년간 치료효과

김효정,박지원,이수진,이관우,김현만,정윤석 대한내분비학회 2003 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.18 No.1

연구배경: Alendronate는 골흡수 억제작용을 가진 비스포스포네이트 제재 중 하나로 골다공증의 치료와 예방에 사용되고 있으며 골밀도를 증가시키고 골다공증으로 인한 골절의 빈도를 감소시킨다고 보고되고 있다. 방법: 본 연구는 alendronate(Marvil??)가 골다공증의 치료에 미치는 효과를 검증하기 위하여 138명의 골다공증 진단을 받은 환자를 대상으로 시작하였고 1년 후 50명에서 골대사지표와 골밀도를 추적관찰하였다. 결과: Alendronate를 1년간 투여하였을 때 혈청 ALP는 38.3% 감소하였고 요중 DPD는 40.5% 감소하였다. Alendronate를 1년간 투여하였을 때 L2-4의 평균 골밀도는 6.7% 증가하였고 대퇴골의 평균 골밀도는 20.% 증가하였다. 4명(8%)에서 1년 이내에 새로운 골절이 발생하였고 이 중 3명은 척추골절, 1명은 대퇴골절이었다. 부작용으로 투약을 중단한 환자는 8명(5.8%)이었고 이 중 7명(5.1%)이 소화기증상을 호소하였다. 결론: 이상의 결과로 골다공증 환자에서 alendronate(Marvil??)의 1년간 투여가 골밀도를 증가시킴을 알 수 있었다. Background: To evaluate the effects of alendronate in preventing bone loss at the spine and hip in Korean cases of primary osteoporosis, we treated 138 patients with 10㎎ of alendronate daily. Of the 138 patients treated, 50 were treated for one complete year, and at their final visit, measurements were taken to assess the completed outcome of reatment, and the results from this small group were compared with those of the rest. The way this has been written causes ambiguity concerning exactly who was being studied. Check that my rewrite of this section conveys correctly the group that was studied, and how. Methods: The serum levels of calcium(Ca) and phosphorous(P), total alkaline phosphatase(ALP), the urine calcium creatinine ratio(Uca/cr) and urine deoxypyridinoline(DPD) were measured before, during, and after the 1 year treatment period. The bone mineral densities(BMDs) at the spine and hip were also measured before and after the treatment period. New clinical fractures and side effects, were evaluated during the treatment period. Results: The total serum ALP and urine DPD were decreased significantly, after the treatment period, by 38.3 and 40.5% respectively. The bone mineral density at the spine and hip were significantly increase after 1 year, by 6.7 and 2.0%, respectively. Of the 50 subjects who had completed a full year of treatment, only 4(8%) had developed new clinical fractures. Of the 138 patients who had been treated, 8(5.7%) discontinued the medication due to side effects. Of these, 7 had gastrointestinal symptoms, and 1 had skin eruption. Conclusion: Alendronate significantly decreased the total serum ALP and urine DPD and significantly increase spine and hip bone mineral density. Alendronate 10㎎ was effective in preventing bone loss in Korean cases of primary osteoporosis (J Kor Soc Endocrinol 18:56∼62, 2003)

SD Rats를 이용 1-hexene의 흡입독성 연구

김현영,임철홍,정용현,이권섭,이성배,이준연,한정희,전윤석,이용묵 한국환경독성학회 2001 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.16 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate the acute (4 hours) and repeated-dose (6 hours a day, 5 days a week, 4 weeks) toxic effects of I -hexene on Sprague- Dawley (SD) rats which were treated by inhalation. The results were as follows; I. The median lethal concentration (LC_(50)) was estimated 52,694 ppm (confidence limit 95%; 49,494~55,447 ppm) in acute inhalation. Abnormal clinical signs related to the l-Hexene were not observed with the acute inhalation dose. Gross findings of necropsy revealed on evidence of specific toxicity related to the 1-hexene, II. By repeated inhalation exposure the body weight of male were more or less reduced by the dose of 2,500 ppm and 5,000 ppm compared with control group. However there were no significant variation hematology and blood biochemistry for the exposed rats compared with the control rats. Abnormal clinical signs and gross findings of necropsy related to the 1-hexene were not shown. In conclusion when we exposed I-hexene to SD rats for 4 weeks, 5 days per week, 6 hours per day, the Lowest observed effect level (LOEL) was over 2,500 ppm and Non observed effect level (NOEL) was below 500 ppm.

施肥條件이 사탕무의 生育과 Betacyanin 含量에 미치는 影響

金度勳,朴賢眞,金賢勍,鄭大守 東亞大學校生命資源科學大學附設 農業資原硏究所 1996 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.5 No.1

사탕무의 生育과 betacyanin 含量의 變化에 대한 施肥條件의 影響을 알아보기 위하여 室素 0, 10, 15 및 20㎏/10a와 加里 0, 10, 15 및 20㎏/10a 處理하여 試驗한 結果는 다음과 같다. 草長과 葉數는 室素 15㎏/10a 處理區까지는 增加되었으나, 20㎏/10a 處理區에서는 오히려 減少되었으며, 根直徑과 根長도 室素 施用量의 增加에 따른 有意的인 差異가 認定되었다. 그리고 根重은 無處理區에 비해 室素 處理區에서 增加되었으나, 室素 處理區間에는 큰 差異를 나타내지 않았다. Betacyanin 含量은 室素 15㎏/10a와 加里 20㎏/10a 處理區에서 0.126%로 가장 높았고, 生育段階別로는 파종후 110日에 가장 높은 含量을 나타내었다. These experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of nitrogen and potassium application on growth and betacyanin content of sugar beet. The experiments were respectively treated with 0, 10, 15 or 20㎏/10a nitrogen and 0, 10, 15 or 20㎏/10a of postassium, and the results were summarized as fellows. Plant height and number of leaves were increased by 15㎏/10a of nitrogen, otherwise; it was decreased by 20㎏/10a of nitrogen. There were significant differences root diameter and root length by increament of nitrogen application. Root weight was progressively increased by nitrogen treatments compared to the control, although there was no significant differences among the amount of nitrogen treatments. Betacyanin content was high 0.126% in the plot treated with 15㎏/10a of nitrogen and 20㎏/10a of potassium respectively. For the growth stage the corresponding value showed the highest level at the 110th day after seeding.

S.D. Rats를 이용 1, 1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane의 아민성 흡입독성 연구

김현영,이성배,임철홍,김철우,점용현,한정희,전윤석,최수영,강대봉,이용묵 한국환경독성학회 2002 환경독성보건학회지 Vol.17 No.1

There were no specific effects for test materials on Sprague-Dawley (S.D.) rats in clinical symptoms, amounts of food intakes, weight changes, laboratory findings, and pathology after whole body l, l-Dichloro-1 -fluoroethane (used as coolant, metal cleaner and solvents) exposure(0, 1,500, 3,000, and 6,000 ppm) for 13 weeks (6 hour/day, 5 days/week). However, the loss of capillary vessels in eyeball (pupil) was observed in a female rat among 6,000 ppm group. Though there was a tendency for MCHC (Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration) in rat to be decreased (p<0.05), it was not regarded as abnormal because the values were within normal limits. In asthma-stimulation related evaluations, there was also a tendency for inflammatory cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavages to be increased. But it had no statistical significance, and also no dependency on sex and the exposed concentration. Based on this result, the non observed effect level (NOEL) induced by 1, 1-Dichloro-l -fluoroethene inhalation was evaluated in groups with 3,000 ppm below (S .D. Rats, 13 weeks). Finally, it was concluded that the short term exposal of 1, 1-Dichloro-l-fluoroethane is not considered as a asthma stimulant by inhalation despite of some study limitations such as test animals use and short-term exposure .