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Chun, E. J.,Cvetič,, G.,Dev, P. S. B.,Drewes, M.,Fong, C. S.,Garbrecht, B.,Hambye, T.,Harz, J.,Herná,ndez, P.,Kim, C. S.,Molinaro, E.,Nardi, E.,Racker, J.,Rius, N.,Zamora-Saa, J. World Scientific Publishing Company 2018 International journal of modern physics. A, Partic Vol.33 No.6
<P>The focus of this paper lies on the possible experimental tests of leptogenesis scenarios. We consider both leptogenesis generated from oscillations, as well as leptogenesis from out-of-equilibrium decays. As the Akhmedov-Rubakov-Smirnov (ARS) mechanism allows for heavy neutrinos in the GeV range, this opens up a plethora of possible experimental tests, e.g. at neutrino oscillation experiments, neutrinoless double beta decay, and direct searches for neutral heavy leptons at future facilities. In contrast, testing leptogenesis from out-of-equilibrium decays is a quite difficult task. We comment on the necessary conditions for having successful leptogenesis at the TeV-scale. We further discuss possible realizations and their model specific testability in extended seesaw models, models with extended gauge sectors, and supersymmetric leptogenesis. Not being able to test high-scale leptogenesis directly, we present a way to falsify such scenarios by focusing on their washout processes. This is discussed specifically for the left-right symmetric model and the observation of a heavy <TEX>$ W_{R}$</TEX>, as well as model independently when measuring <TEX>$ \Updelta L = 2$</TEX> washout processes at the LHC or neutrinoless double beta decay.</P>
Kim, J. H.,Kang, T. H.,Noh, K. H.,Bae, H. C.,Ahn, Y‐,H.,Lee, Y‐,H.,Choi, E. Y.,Chun, K‐,H.,Lee, S‐,J.,Kim, T. W. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Clinical and experimental immunology Vol.165 No.2
<P><B>Summary</B></P><P>Improving dendritic cell (DC) functions is highly promising for therapeutic intervention of diverse diseases, including cancer. Immunosuppressive cytokines such as interleukin (IL)‐10 produced by DCs themselves (autocrine) and other regulatory immune cells (paracrine) down‐regulate functional profiles of DCs through specific cell surface receptors such as IL‐10R. Here, we tried to improve DC functions using small interfering RNA (siRNA) technology to block an IL‐10R‐mediated immunosuppressive axis. DCs modified with siRNA targeting against IL‐10R or IL‐10 (DC/siIL‐10R or DC/siIL‐10) led to up‐regulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II, CD40 co‐stimulatory molecule, and IL‐12 proinflammatory cytokine after lipopolysacharide (LPS) stimulation compared to DC/siGFP. Notably, the LPS‐induced functional profiles of DC/siIL‐10R were strongly resistant to the addition of recombinant IL‐10, which mimicked paracrine IL‐10. In contrast, those of DC/siIL‐10 were reversed by adding exogenous IL‐10. Consistently, DC/siIL‐10R generated more human papilloma virus (HPV) E7‐specific CD8<SUP>+</SUP> T cells and stronger anti‐tumour effects against E7‐expressing TC‐1 tumour cells in vaccinated mice than DC/siGFP, as well as DC/siIL‐10. Taken together, these results provide the groundwork for future clinical translation of siRNA‐mediated strategy targeting IL‐10R to enhance DC‐based vaccine potency.</P>
권민정,김리예,김세영,김은진,서혜인,심누리,이혜진,천경민,최하은,신주현,이민경 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2016 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.50
Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation of alcohol use disorder, social support and depression of the college students. Method: In this descriptive design study, 334 university students were recruited through convenient sampling from October, 2015 to January, 2016. Questionnaires used for online Google docs were AUDIT-K(Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Korea), MSPSS(Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support) and SDS(Self - Rating Depression Scale). Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one way ANOVA with Scheffe's test, and Pearson’s coefficient using SPSS 22.0 program. Result: 230 students of the 334 college students(68.8%) were classified into alcohol use disorder group. There was a significant correlation between the degree of social support and depression among all participants(r=-.45, p=.000). However, there was no correlation between alcohol use disorder and depression(r=.23, p=.006) and between alcohol use disorder and social support(r=.02, p=.758). Conclusion: This study showed a relationship between social support and depression, not the alcohol use disorder. This result can be used as the basic data in nursing research about alcohol use disorder, social support and depression of college students. Also, Further researches are needed to examine the factors that affect alcohol use disorder of college students, as well as depression and social support.
구본상,정익재,천재현,이의상,조욱상 한국공업화학회 1998 응용화학 Vol.2 No.2
The roadside soil in highway is exposed to the organic materials and the heavy metals by automobile flue gas, gasoline and various lubricating oils. In this study, four measurement poits of the highly contaminated roadside soil and the uncontaminated background soil on the highway were monitored and analyzed. The concentrations of heavy metals in the roadside soil were 1 to 6 times higher than those in the background soil(Cd, Pb), In the case Zn, it was 13 to 70 times. From this study, the heavy metals contamination in highway roadside soil is relatively evaluated to be in good condition. This fact is due to the reduction of contamination materials by the use of unleaded gasoline or low sulfur diesel oil. However, because the total length of highway will be increasing by twice of current one and also the traffic amount increases in the same way, the contamination of roadside soil in highway is considerable proceeding up to high level of concerns. The continuous monitoring and analysis works, therefore, are necessary to be continued and also, the study on the wastewater treatment site such as wet land or retention pond needed for the future work.
팔당호 상류 유입하천의 수질 및 식물플랑크톤 분포 패턴
박혜경,변명섭,김은경,이현주,전명진,정동일 한국물환경학회 2004 한국물환경학회지 Vol.20 No.6
The distribution pattern of water quality parameters and phytoplankton biomass in upper inflow rivers of lake Paldang had surveyed. In North-Han river system, nutrient concentrations and algal biomass was below the standard of mesoand oligotrophy from lake Soyang to lake Paldang, maintaining good water quality, except the N5 site located near the Chuncheon-Si, showing high nutrients concentrations and algal biomass. The algal biomass of the South-Han river system showed oligotrophic level in the upstream near the lake Chungju, and increased along the flow direction showing eutrophic level in the downstream within the lake Paldang area. On the other hand, the highest concentrations of nutrients were detected in the middle stream near the Yeoju-Si and Yangpyung-Gun rather than in the downstream suggesting algal biomass in lake Paldang would not come from the upper river area but come from the growth within the lake area using nutrients from the upper inflow river.
Woo, J,Kim, J E,Im, J J,Lee, J,Jeong, H S,Park, S,Jung, S-Y,An, H,Yoon, S,Lim, S M,Lee, S,Ma, J,Shin, E Y,Han, Y-E,Kim, B,Lee, E H,Feng, L,Chun, H,Yoon, B-E,Kang, I,Dager, S R,Lyoo, I K,Lee, C J Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nat 2018 Molecular psychiatry Vol.23 No.4
<P>The role of astrocytes in brain plasticity has not been extensively studied compared with that of neurons. Here we adopted integrative translational and reverse-translational approaches to explore the role of an astrocyte-specific major water channel in the brain, aquaporin-4 (AQP4), in brain plasticity and learning. We initially identified the most prevalent genetic variant of AQP4 (single nucleotide polymorphism of rs162008 with C or T variation, which has a minor allele frequency of 0.21) from a human database (n = 60 706) and examined its functionality in modulating the expression level of AQP4 in an in vitro luciferase reporter assay. In the following experiments, AQP4 knock-down in mice not only impaired hippocampal volumetric plasticity after exposure to enriched environment but also caused loss of long-term potentiation after theta-burst stimulation. In humans, there was a cross-sectional association of rs162008 with gray matter (GM) volume variation in cortices, including the vicinity of the Perisylvian heteromodal language area (Sample 1, n = 650). GM volume variation in these brain regions was positively associated with the semantic verbal fluency. In a prospective follow-up study (Sample 2, n = 45), the effects of an intensive 5-week foreign language (English) learning experience on regional GM volume increase were modulated by this AQP4 variant, which was also associated with verbal learning capacity change. We then delineated in mice mechanisms that included AQP4-dependent transient astrocytic volume changes and astrocytic structural elaboration. We believe our study provides the first integrative evidence for a gliogenetic basis that involves AQP4, underlying language-associated brain plasticity.</P>