http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
- 中文 을 입력하시려면 zhongwen을 입력하시고 space를누르시면됩니다.
- 北京 을 입력하시려면 beijing을 입력하시고 space를 누르시면 됩니다.
RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 발행기관 : 韓國酪農學會 (검색결과 840 건)
- 무료
- 기관 내 무료
- 유료
-
-
-
김다영 ( Da-young Kim ),김홍석 ( Hong Seok Kim ),유정식 ( Jung Sik Yoo ),조윤아 ( Yoon Ah Cho ),김철현 ( Cheol-hyun Kim ) 한국낙농식품응용생물학회(구 한국유가공학회) 2020 Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology (JMSB) Vol.38 No.2
본 연구의 목적은 한국 전통 음식 김치에서 분리한 유산균의 특성을 연구하기 위해 형태학적, 생화학적 특성을 조사하였다. 한국의 전통 발효 식품에서 젖산균을 확인하기 위해 분리된 균주의 그람염색을 수행한 후 Macrogen에서 16S rRNA 분석 결과, DKGF9(Lactobacillus plantarum), DKGF1(Lactobacillus paracasei ), DKGF8(Lactobacillus casei ), DK207(Lactobacillus casei ), DK211(Lactobacillus casei )이 확인되었다. 우리는 한국의 전통 발효 식품인 김치에서 분리된 5가지 LAB의 기본 생물학적 활성에 대한 실험을 수행했다. 37℃, 55℃, 65℃, 75℃에서 각각 5분, 15분 5균주의 내열성 확인 결과, 상업 균주인 Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5의 내열성과 유사하거나 더 높음을 보여주었다. 장내부착능에서는 선발균주 모두 상용균주와 비교했을 때 10<sup>7</sup> CFU/mL 이상으로 우수한 결합능을 보여주었고, KCTC(한국생명공학연구원 생물자원센터)에서 분양받은 Escherichia coli KCTC1682, Salmonella enterica KCTC2054, Bacillus cereus KCTC3624 3종을 활용한 항균활성 결과, 모든 균주는 상업용 균주인 L. acidophilus LA-5와 비교하여 유사하거나 더 높은 항균 활성을 나타냈다. 단백질분해능력 실험에서, 5개의 균주는 clear-zone의 직경이 24시간에서 72시간으로 갈수록 점차 증가하고, L. paracasei DKGF1이 가장 큰 직경을 갖고 있어 단백질분해능력이 가장 우수한 것으로 나타났다. 5개의 균주로부터 선택된 3개의 균주는 ABTS, DPPH, FRAP, Hydroxyl radical scanenging 활성을 포함하여 다양한 항산화활성 효과를 나타냈다. 결과적으로, 5가지 균주 중에서 우수한 기능성을 갖는 L. paracasei DKGF1이 잠재적인 프로바이오틱스 활성을 나타내며, 건강 관련 제품의 개발에 유용한 균주라고 판단된다. The purpose of this study was to investigate the probiotic properties of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from a Korean traditional food kimchi. Gram staining was performed by Macrogen (Macrogen, Inc.) for identification of the LAB. Five strains of LAB were identified, including DKGF9 (Lactobacillus plantarum), DKGF1 (L. paracasei ), DKGF8 (L. casei ), DK207 (L. casei ), and DK211 (L. casei ). The biological activities of the isolated strains were assessed. The results showed that heat resistance of the strains was similar to or higher than the commercial strain L. acidophilus LA-5. Indirect testing of the ability of the strains to attach to the mucin layer revealed that DKGF9, DKGF1, and DKGF8 have high binding affinities for the mucous layer. All strains showed antimicrobial activity similar to or higher than the commercial strain LA-5. In proteolysis experiments, the diameters of proteolysis zones of the five strains increased in the period of 24-72 h, with DKGF1 exhibiting the largest zone diameter. Three strains were selected based on their antioxidant activities. Among the five isolated strains, L. paracasei DKGF1 showed potential probiotic activity, and thus, it may be useful for the development of health-promoting products.
-
조규석 한국낙농학회 1990 韓國酪農學會誌 Vol.12 No.3
전문대학 낙농과 교육과제 수정 개발을 위해 1989년 6월부터 1990년 6월까지 전국 낙농과 교수, 졸업생, 재학생, 낙농산업체등 총 470명에 설문한 결과와 각 전문대학 교육과정을 중심으로 연구한 결과를 종합하면 다음과 같다. 1. 전문대학 낙농과의 총개설 학점은 109학점 (졸업이수 학점의 136%)으로 하고 교양과목: (전공과목의 비는 22:78(24:85학점)로 하였다. 2. 전공필수 : 전공선택의 비는 38:62%(32:53학점)로 조정하여 선택의 폭을 넓게 하였다. 3. 교양 선택과목을 선택과 교직 선택으로 전공 선택과목을 과의 특성에 따라 선택과 일반선택으로 구분하였다. 4. 기사 자격의 경우 낙농과는 생산분야 위주인 축산기사(68%)보다는 우유가공기사(84%)의 희망이 아주 높았다. 5. 실험실습의 주방법은 분단별 실습이 47% 개별실습이 41%였고 실험실습 교과목의 78%가 필요함을 강조하였다. 6. 교양과목에는 생활영어, 일본어, 직업윤리, 일반화학, 전공과목에는 특수가축, 낙농유통 과목을 신설하여 국제사회 변화에 대응할 수 있게 하였다. 7. 전문대학 낙농과 교육과정 시안은 단기 완성 교육으로 역점을 두었고 기초 이론과 응용기술면을 강화하여 교육과정 운영의 효율화를 극대화 할 수 있게 하였다. This experiment has made a survey on 470 subjects (17 of prosessors, 83 of gradnates, 317 of undergraduates and 53 of those who engaged in dairy farming industry) form June 1989 to June 1990 in order to develop the curriculum of department of Dairy Farming. The results of the survey with reference to the present curriculum of each Junior College are as followed; 1. A total of credits available for students majority in Dairy Farming of Junior college was set 109 credits (which is 136% of credits required for graduation), and subjects of liberal arts and those of major are set in the ratio of 22:78% (24:85 credits). 2. A required subject and a optional subject for special study are set in the ratio of 38:62% ( 32:53 credits). 3. A optional subjects for liberal arts were devided into options and teaching options, and optional subject for special study were devided in to options and general options. 4. Preference for technician qualification in Dept. of Dairy Farming was higher in the field of milk processing 84% than in that of liverstock (68%). 5. As the main experimental practices, 47% of total practice was conducted by parts and 42% by individuals Development of subjects for experimental practice was keenly required by 76% of professors. 6. Subjects of English conversation, Japaneses, and Vocational Ethics should by newly establishin the field of liberal arts, and subjects of special livestocks and Dairy Farming distribution in the field of obligatory study so that the student way cope with the change of international society efficiently. 7. This paper aimed principally at training skilled Technicians the basis of a short-term program and emphasizing the importance of grounding knowledge and applied techniques so as to work the curriculum efficiently.
-
양창범,양승주,오성환,조덕준 한국낙농학회 1990 韓國酪農學會誌 Vol.12 No.2
濟州地域의 酪農産業은 草地와 氣候 等이 自然的 條件과 牛乳의 需要에 比하여 절대적으로 供給이 不足한 狀態에 있는 與件 및 地域産業의 均衡的 發展과 住民所得 增大 等을 考慮할때 必須的으로 育成 發展시켜야 할 必要性이 있으나 이에 對한 調査硏究는 매우 低調한 實情에 있는 點을 堪案하여 1987年 7月부터 1988年 7月까지 1年동안 濟州道의 酪農現況을 調査하고 115個 搾乳牛 飼育農家를 對象으로 地城別 規模別로 酪農農家의 實態를 調査分析하므로서 濟州地域 乳牛飼育과 酪農經營에 關한 基礎資料를 마련코져 本 硏究를 遂行하였는바, 그 第2報로서 道內 酪農農家 및 牧場의 一般分析과 飼育現況 및 施設設備 現況에 對한 調査分析結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 一般槪況 經營主의 人的事項을 보면, 女性經營者가 擡頭되고 있고, 陸地部에서는 젊은 新規酪農가들의 增加가 顯著하나 濟州地域의 境遇 41∼51歲로 長年層이 많고, 學歷은 高卒이상이 75%로서 높은 水準이나 過去보다는 低下되고 있었다. 酪農前職業은 一般農業이 67.1%로 제일 높았으며, 가장 큰 規漠(D:31頭以上)에서 公務員 等 比農業前職이 많았다. 酪農經歷은 新規比率이 높아져가고 있는 陸地部와는 달리 6∼9年의 經歷이 가장 높았으며, 調査農家의 67.1%가 兼業酪農形態였고, 經營主가 牧場에 常住하는 農家는 87.7%였다. 平均家族數는 4.75人이고 牧夫는 農家當 In Cheju island, it is positively neccessary that we have to bring up and develope the dairy industry in order to increase the resident's income and develope the local industry. But the study and investigation for this subject are very rare and inactive. In this study, we surveyed and analyzed the actual feeding and managerial condition of the 73 dairy farm households kept milking cows for one year, from 1987, 7 to 1988, 8. We carried out these study in order to get the fundamental data and information about feeding and management of dairy cattle raised in Cheju area. The results are summarized as follows: The average ages of dairy farm owners were 41 to 50 years old. This is higher level than that of mainland's farmers. 75% of the dairy farmers graduated from high school or college. The former occupations of the dairy farm owners were agriculture(67.1%) and so on. Dairy Farming career of the farmers was 6-9 years and this is longer than that of mainland's farmers. 67.1% of investigated farmers have a subsidiary business and 87.7% of dairy farm owners worked for 24 hours at their dairy farm. These two kinds of levels are higher than those of mainland's dairy farm owners. The average feeding size per farmer was 9.48 heads. The management records of their dairy farms were rarely kept. The total numbers of dairy cattle raised in Cheju area were 2,163 heads in 1987, 11 and 2,753 heads in 1988, 5. The dairy cattle herds were composed of 11-27.6% calf, 40.9-50.2% multipara cow and 31.2-33.9% milking cow. The component ratio of multipara and milking cow was very low. The number of dairy cows per feeding farm as 19-24 heads(8.7-9.8 head in multipara). This is more than that of the mainland. But this ratio is also low and is not proper. The yearly increasing ratio of dairy cattle was 19.3% and was much higher level than that of mainland. 81.5% of cows had an easy labor but 13.8% of cows were dystocia. The cause of death and culling was mainly reproductive disorder and desease. The average area for dairy farm was 30,290 pyong per farm and 1,844 pyong per mature cattle. The ratio of rent area was high level(24.7%). The farm land was composed of 32.4% forage crop field, 36.1% improved grassland, 23.5% wild grassland and 1.6% stock yard and building site. The farm building, facilities and equipments were more unreasonable and lower than those of mainland except silo. The actual condition of large and small instruments(tractor, milker, cooler etc.) was better than those of mainland and was much improved, compared with the condition of 10 years ago.
-
우강륭 한국낙농학회 1985 韓國酪農學會誌 Vol.7 No.4
NH₃處理 볏짚 製造時, formic acid의 添加效果를 밝히기 爲하여 2個의 formic acid 添加水準(0% 및 4%) 및 NH₃處理 水準(0%, 2%, 4% 및 6%) 4個로 이루어지는 2×4 反覆 試驗法의 4回 反復試驗을 通한 消化 試驗 및 3反覆의 窒素 出納 試驗에서 乾物, 有機物, 粗蛋白質의 攝取量 및 그 消化率과 窒素 平衡 및 纖維素分劃物, 細胞膜 構成成分의 消化率을 測定하였는 바, 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. (1) Formic acid 添加 效果 볏짚에 formic acid의 添加는 乾物, 有機物 및 粗雲白質 攝取量에는 影響주지 않으나 볏짚의 乾物 및 粗蛋白質(全體 飼料 및 볏짚)의 消化率을 각각 9.2%, 14.8% 및 53.0% 相當 增加(P<.05)시켰다. 한편, 窒素 攝取量, 尿中 窒素排泄量 및 窒素 蓄積量은 增加(p<.05)되었으나 糞中 窒素 排泄量은 오히려 減少(p<.05)되었다. 한편, N.D.F, hemicellulose, A.D.F. 및 Cellulose의 消化率에는 影響을 주지 않았다. (2) NH₃處理 水準別 效果 NH₃處理 水準의 增加는 볏짚의 乾物 및 有機物의 攝取晝 增加를 髓伴하며 0%와 4%, 2%와 6% 處理 水準間의 增加量에서 有意差(p<.05)가 認定되었다. 한편, 粗蛋白質 攝取量은 0%와 2%, 2%와 4% 處理 水準 사이의 增加量에서 有意差(p<.05)가 認定된다. 또한 NH₃處理 水準 增加에 따른 乾物, 有機物 및 粗蛋白質의 消化率은 無處理(0%)에 比하여 크게 증가(p<.05)되나, NH₃處理 水準間(2%, 4% 및 6%)에는 有意差가 認定되지 않았다. 한편, NH₃處理 水準의 增加는 窒素 攝取量, 糞中 窒素 排泄量 및 尿中 窒素 排泄量의 增加 (p<.05)를 髓伴하며, 窒素 蓄積量이 가장 높았던 水準은 4%이었고 6% 處理水準에서는 오히려 그 蓄積量을 減少시켰다. N.D.F, hemi-cellulose, A.D.F 및 cellulose의 消化率은 NH₃處理 水準 增加에 따라 전혀 影響을 받지 않는다. (3) Formic acid 添加 如否 및 NH₃處理 formic acid의 添加 如否 및 NH₃處理 水準增加 따른 乾物, 有機物 및 粗蛋白質의 攝取量의 增減 效果는 明療하게 一定한 傾向을 나타내지 않았고, 各 水準에서의 粗蛋白質의 消化率은 formic acid 添加時에 無添加時보다 有意的으로 높았다. 그러나 乾物, 有機物 및 全 energy의 消化率에는 전혀 影響을 미치지 않는다. 한편, 窒素의 攝取量이 가장 높았던 6% 處理水準을 除外하고는 NH₃處理 水準 增加崎 formic acid의 添加 또는 無添加 影響에 差異를 나타내지 않으나 無添加에 比하여 添加는 糞中窒素量의 減少(p<.05)와 尿中 窒素量의 增加(p<.05)를 나타내었다. To assess the effects of formic acid addition on ammoniation of rice straw, a metabolism trial was conducted with four Corridale male sheep in a 2 x 4 factorial design. Two levels of the formic acid (0% and 4%) and four levels of the ammonia (0%, 2%, 4%, and 6%) were used in this experiment. The results obtained from the metabolism trials, digestion experiment and nitrogen balance trial were summarized as follows: 1. The effect of formic acid addition: Although the addition of formic acid to ammoniated rice straw did not affect the DMI, OMI and CPI of whole diet and rice straw, the DMI and CPI of whole diet with formic acid were increased (P<.05) by about 9.2%, 53%, and 14.8% unit, respectively. In addition, the NI, UN (Urinary N) and NR (Nitrogen Retention, g/d) were also increased significantly (P<.05) while the FN (Faecal N) was reduced (P<.05) when the ammoniated rice straw was added with formic acid. There was no significant difference between the treatments; the levels of formic acid (0% and 4%) in the digestibility of NDF, hemi-cellulose, ADF and cellulose. 2. The effect of ammoniation: The DMI and OMI of rice straw were increased (P<.05) by increasing the levels of ammonia and the differences between 0% and 4%, and 2% and 6% were significant (P<.05). And the differences of CPI between 0% and 2%, and 2% and 4% of ammonia treatment level were also significant (P<.05). The treatment of rice straw with ammonia resulted in increased (P<.05) digestibility of DM, OM, and CP, compared with the non-ammonia treatment. However, the differences among the ammonia treatments were not significant. Increases in the level of ammonia treatment accompanied a significant increases (P<.05) in the NI, FN and UN. However, at 6% level of ammonia treatment, the N retention was reduced (P<.05) compare with the other levels. The highest N retention was obtained at 4% level of ammonia. The digestibility of NDF, hemi-cellulose, ADF and cellulose was not affected by ammonia treatment. 3. Effect of formic acid addition versus ammonia treatment levels: There was no clear and constant trend in DMI, OMI and CPI of whole and straw diet by increasing the level of ammonia treatment with and without formic acid addition. The digestibility data and the nitrogen balance data also showed a similar trend to that observed in the whole metabolism period.
-
장기적 질산염 투여에 대한 반추위내 미생물의 환원특성과 숙주동물의 반응
이성호,손용석 한국낙농학회 1993 韓國酪農學會誌 Vol.15 No.4
반추동물이 고수준의 질산염을 장기간 섭취할 경우 그에 대한 적응반응의 기작을 규명하고자 in vivo와 in vitro 방법을 이용한 연구를 실시하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 반추위액내 NO₂^-농도는 3주간의 예비사양기간 동안 NaNO₃를 투여하지 않은 대조구(C)가 투여한 처리구(T1, T2)에 비해 농도가 유의적으로 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 2. 혈중 NO₂^- 농도는 NaNO₃ 투여후 1∼3시간에 최고치에 도달한후 감소하는 경향을 보였으며, 고수준구(T2)가 저수준구(T1) 및 대조구(C)에 비해 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다. 또한, 혈중 NO₂^-농도와 반추위내 NO₂^- 농도사이에는 유의적인 상관관계가 나타났다(r²=C:0.69, T2:0.71). 3. 혈액내 MHb 농도는 저수준구(T1)와 고수준구(T2)에 비해 대조구(C)에서 유의적으로 증가하였으며(p<0.05), 개체간에 큰 변이를 보였다. MHb의 농도변화는 혈액내 NO₂^-의 농도변화와 같은 경향을 보였으며(r²=C:0.69, T1:0.87, T2:0.82), MHb 농도와 반추위내 NO₂^- 농도사이에서도 유의적인 상관관계가 관찰되었다(r² = C:0.61, T2:0.51). 4. In vitro 배양에서 medium내 NO₂^-와 NH₃의 함량은 모든 처리구에서 시간이 경과함에 따라 증가하였으며 생성속도는 대조구(C)에 비해 저수준구(T1)와 고수준구(T2)에서 유의적으로 증가하였으나, 유의적 차이는 4mM의 NaNO₃를 첨가한 구에서 나타났다(p<0.05). The present study was conducted to investigate the nature of adaptive mechanism of ruminant to prolonged nitrate supply using in vivo and in vitro experiments. The experiment was done by 3×3 Latin Square design, where three rams weighing averagely 67㎏ were divided into three treatments. Each test animal was fed alfalfa cube as a sole feed, to which 25% NaNO₃ solution was adsorbed to give 0, 100㎎, 200㎎ of NaNO₃ per ㎏ body weight for three weeks. On the last day of the treatment, 450㎎ of NaNO₃ per ㎏ body weight were admini-stered to all animals. The changes of NO₂^- in ruminal fluid and NO₂^-, MHb in blood were observed at 2 and 1 hr intervals, respectively. 1. Sheep with no administration of NaNO₃ had higher level of NO₂^- -N in the rumen than treated group significantly(p<0.05). 2. Blood NO₂^- reached their highest values within 1-3 hr after NaNO₃ administration, and decreased with time. Lower concentrations of NO₂^- were found in treatment groups(T1, T2) than in control group(C). Also, significant correlation was found between blood NO₂^- and ruminal NO₂^-(r² = C: 0.69, T2: 0.71). 3. Concentrations of MHb in control group(C) showed higher values compared to those in both treatment 1 and 2(Tl, T2) with substantial individual variations. Blood MHb had also higher correlations with blood NO₂^-(r² = C:0.69, T1:0.87, T2:0.82, p<0.05) and with ruminal NO₂^-(r² = C:0.61, T2:0.51, p<0.05). 4. In in vitro experiment, the rate of NO₂^- and NH₃ production increased in NaNO₃-treated group than in control group, but significant differences were found in medium of input of 4mM NaNO₃. These results indicate that more rapid rate of NO₃^- reduction in NaNO₃-adapted sheep may come mainly from the increase of microbial flora and their reducing activity to dispose large amount of NO₃^- in the rumen.
-
-
김현욱,박승용,권일경,이종택 한국낙농학회 1983 韓國酪農學會誌 Vol.5 No.1
反芻動物 Rumen內 微生物에 關한 硏究는 매우 重要한 問題임에도 不拘하고 우리 나라에서는 이에 對한 硏究가 全혀 遂行되어 있지 않은바, 이에 對한 첫 試圖로서 國內에 飼育되는 主要 反芻家畜에 對한 微生物相을 把握하는 目的으로 乾草期와 靑草期의 두季節에 있어서 韓牛 54頭, 乳牛 12頭, 緬羊 6頭, 在來山羊 10頭를 對象으로 Rumen 內 微生物의 主宗을 이룩하는 原蟲 및 細菌의 構成과 分布에 對해서 調査하였으며 아울러 이들 動物 Rumen液의 pH, 生成低級揮發性脂肪酸 (VFA) 總量과 그 組成에 對해서도 調査하였다. 以下 얻어진 成績을 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 各種反芻家畜에서 檢出된 原蟲은 모두 2科 9屬 24種에 屬하는 纖毛蟲 (ciliate) 이었으며, 靑草期에서 韓牛는 8屬 22種, 乳牛는 8屬 18種, 緬羊은 4屬 8種, 山羊은 7屬 15種이었다. 그리고 乾草期에서 韓牛는 8屬 23 種, 乳牛는 7屬 12種, 緬羊은 4屬 7種, 在來山羊은 4屬 10種이 檢出되었다. 兩季節을 通한 各家畜種別 原蟲種의 分布는 韓牛가 9屬 24種, 乳牛가 8屬 18種, 乳牛가 8屬 18種, 緬羊이 5屬 10種, 山羊이 7屬 18種이었다. 이들 중 9種은 各 動物種間에 共通으로 出現하였고, 나머지 15種은 그렇지 않았다. 2. 反芻家畜種別로 檢出된 纖毛蟲은 모든 것이 各 個體에 存在하는 것이 아니었으며, 各動物種 個體當 平均 棲息種數는 韓牛가 10.88±3.09, 乳牛가 9.42±3.00, 緬羊이 5.83±1.72, 山羊이 7.20±2.62이었다. 3. 各種反芻家畜에 있어서 ○季節을 通하여 檢出된 纖毛蟲密度 (總蟲數)는 韓牛가 2.9×10⁴∼1.0×10^6, 乳牛가 3.0×10⁴∼5.5×10^5, 緬羊이 4.6×10⁴∼1.7×10^5, 山羊이 1.8×10^5∼1.4×10^6이었다. 4. 各種反芻家畜에서 檢出된 纖毛蟲중 動物種과 季節에 關係없이 高率로 出現한 것은 Entodinium屬의 E. simplex와 E. nanellum이었으며, 各各 平均 38.25%, 33.31%의 出現을 보여 Rumcn 內 原蟲의 主宗을 이루고 있었다. 5. 各種反芻家畜에서 出現한 纖毛蟲種 檢出率의 高低順位는 緬羊을 除外한 韓牛, 乳牛, 山羊에 있어서는 動物種間 및 季節間에 相互有意한 正의 相關을 보였다. 6. 韓牛에 對한 地域別 (3個地域) 및 季節에 따르는 Rumen內 原蟲의 構成과 分布는 地域間 및 季節間에 있어서 큰 差異를 보여주지 않았다. 그러나 總檢出된 24種 중 14種은 地域과 季節에 關係없이 共通으로 出現하였는데, 나머지 10種은 그렇지 않았다. 7. 形熊學的 및 Gram 氏 染色性으로 類別한 15種 細菌類 중, 各種反芻家畜에서 檢出된 細菌種類는 靑草期에서 韓牛는 15種, 乳牛는 9種, 細羊은 11種, 山羊은 15種이고, 乾草期에서 韓牛가 15種, 乳牛가 15種, 緬羊이 12種, 山羊이 13種이었다. 이들 중 13種이 動物種間에 共通으로 出現하였고, 나머지 2種은 그렇지 않았다. 8. 反芻家畜種別로 檢出된 細菌種數는 모든 것이 各 個體 存在하는 것이 아니고, 各動物種 個體當 平均 棲息種類數는 韓牛가 6.77±1.16, 乳牛가 7.80±2.04, 細羊이 8.17±0.98, 山羊이 8.11±1.76이었다. 9. 各種反芻家畜에 있어서 兩季節을 通하여 檢出된 細菌密度 (總菌數)는 韓牛가 1.7×10^9∼6.7×10^(10) 乳牛가 2.6×10^9∼7.2×10^(10), 緬羊이 6.0×10^9∼1.8×10^(11), 山羊이 5.1×10^(9)∼5.0×10^(11)이었다. 10. 各種反芻家畜에서 檢出된 細菌種類 중 動物種과 季節에 關係없이 高率로 出現한것은 Gram negative coccobacillus(0.4×1∼1.5μ)와 G. negative Cocci(0.4∼1.0μ)이었으며, 各各 平均 49.08%, 14.46%의 出現率을 보여, Rumen 內 細菌의 主宗을 이루고 있었다. 11. 各種反芻家畜에서 檢出된 細菌種類 檢出率의 高低順位는 緬羊을 除外하고 動物種間 및 季節間에 相互有意한 正의 相關을 보였다. 12. 韓牛에 對한 地域別(3個地域) 및 季節에 따르는 Rumen 內 細菌의 構成과 分布는 地域間 및 季節間에 있어서 큰 差異를 보여주지 않았다. 總檢出된 15種 중 9種은 地域과 秊節에 關係없이 共通으로 出現하였는데, 나머지 6種은 그렇지 않았다. 13. 各種反芻家畜의 두 季節을 通한 Rumen液의 pH는 6.0∼7.7이었으며. 特히 山羊은 兩季節 다같이, 또한 緬羊은 乾草期에서 다른 動物種보다 낮은 傾向을 보였다. VFA 總量은 各 動物種 다같이 乾草期가 靑草期보다 越等히 많은 傾向을 보였으며, VFA 組成은 動物種, 季節에 關係없이 C₂, C₃, C₄, C_5의 順으로 生成되었고, 그 構成比 節圍는 molar로 나타내어 C₂가 59.32∼70.61, C₃가 15.69∼24.26, C₄가 7.1∼13.02, Ci_5가 0.83∼2.23, C_5가 1.25∼1.71이었다. 그리고 C₂/C₃에 있어서 緬羊, 山羊 다같이 韓牛, 乳牛보다 낮은 傾向을 보였다. 14. 地域別 韓牛에 있어서는 두 季節을 通해서 pH 6.7∼7.0이었으며, 地城別, 李節間에 있어서 別差異를 보이지 않았다. VFA 總量에 있어서는 靑草期보다 乾草期에 있어서 弱干 높은 傾向을 보였으며, VFA 組成과 그 構成比는 地城間 및 季節間에 있어서 別差異를 보이지 않았다. This experiment was undertaken to investigate the bacterial flora and the protozoa fauna in the rumen of Korean native cattle, dairy cattle (holstein), sheep and Korean native goat raised in Kyung Buk area, and the formation of VFAs and pH value of rumen fluid was also investigated. The results are summarized as followes : 1. In 54 Korean native cattles, 12 dairy cattles, 6 sheep and 10 Korean native goats, 2 families and 9 genera involving 24 species of the ciliates were detected. The number of species detected from each ruminant species was 8 genera involving 22 species in the Korean native cattle, 8 genera involving 18 species in the dairy cattle, 4 genera involving 8 species in the sheep, and 6 genera involving 15 species in the Korean native goat in the green grass season, and 8 genera involving 23 species in the Korean native cattle, 7 genera involving 12 species in the dairy cattle, 4 genera involving 7 species in the sheep and 4 genera involving 10 species in the Korean native goat in the dried grass season. The number of ciliate species was 9 genera involving 24 species in the Korean native cattle, 8 genera involving 18 species in the dairy cattle, 5 genera involving 10 species in the sheep, 7 genera involving 18 species in the Korean native goat and 9 species were detected from all the animals. 2. The average number of the ciliate species detected from each host was 10.88±3.09 in the Korean native cattle, 9.42±3.00 in the dairy cattle, 5.83±1.72 in the sheep and 7.20±2.62 in the Korean native goat. 3. The number of ciliate per ㎖ of rumen fluid of each host species ranged 2.9×10⁴-1.0×10^6 in the Korean native cattle, 3.0×10⁴-5.5×10^5 in the dairy cattle, 4.6×10⁴-1.7×10^5 in the sheep and 1.8×10^5-1.4×10^6 in the Korean native goat. 4. Entodinium simplex. and E. nanellum of Entodinium genus occured most frequently from the rumen of all the ruminants investigated, regardless of grass season, and the average percentage composition of the above 2 species showed 38.25% and 33.31%, respectively. 5. The ranking of the concentration of each ciliate species detected from every host species was positively correlated each other except sheep. 6. In Korean native cattle 14 ciliate species were detected in all districts and grass seasons, but the occurrence of other 10 species differed depending on the districts and grass seasons. 7. The rumen bacteria was classified in to fifteen types by means of morphology and the Gram's staining. The number of bacterial types detected from each host species was 15 in the Korean native cattle, 9 in the dairy cattle, 11 in the Korean native goat during the green grass season, and 15 in the Korean native cattle, 15 in the dairy cattle, 12 in the sheep and 13 in the Korean native goat during the dried grass season. Thirteen bacterial types were commonly detected in all the animals. 8. All the bacterial types detected from each host were not detected from individual host. The average number of bacterial types detected from individual host was 6.77±1.16 in the Korean native cattle, 7.80±2.04 in the dairy cattle, 8.17±0.98 in the sheep and 8.11±1.76 in the Korean native goat. 9. The bacterial population per ㎖ of rumen fluid of each host ranged 1.7×10^9-6.7×10^(10) in the Korean native cattle, 2.6×10^9-7.2×10^(10) in the dairy cattle, 6.0×10^9-1.8×10^(11) in the sheep and 5.1×10^9-5.0×10^(11) in the Korean native goat. 10. Nine types of bacteria were detected during all the grass seasons from kinds of hosts. Among them Gram negative coccobacillus (0.4×1.0-1.5μ) and Gram negative cocci(0.4-1.0μ) were the most dominant species, and the average percentage composition of the above two species showed 49.08% and 14.46%, respectively. 11. The ranking of concentration of each bacterial type detected from each ruminant species was positively correlated with each other except sheep, regardless of the grass season. 12. The composition and distribution of the rumen bacterial flora of Korean native cattle differed depending on grass seasons and districts. Nine bacterial types were detected in all districts and grass seasons, but the occurrence of other 6 types differed depending on the districts and grass seasons. 13. The pH value of the rumen fluid of all ruminants species ranged from 6.0 to 7.7. The pH value of Korean native goat was lower than the other ruminants in all grass seasons and the pH value of sheep was lower than that of the other ruminants in dried grass season. The amounts of the total VFA in dried grass season was higher than that in the green grass season, regardless of host species. The molar percentage of the constituent of VFA ranged 59.32-70.61% for acetic acid (C₂), 15.69-24.26% for propionic acid (C₃), 7.1-13.02% for butyric acid (C⁴), 0.83-2.23% for isovaleric acid (Ci_5), 1.25-1.71% for valeric acid (C_5). The ratio of C₂/C₃of sheep and Korean native goat was lower than that of the Korean native cattle and dairy cattle. 14. The pH value of rumen fluid of Korean native cattle ranged from 6.7 to 7.0 in all districts and grass seasons. The amounts of the total VFA determined from Korean native cattle in the dried grass season were a little bit higher than that in the green grass season. The composition of VFA in the rumen of Korean native cattle in three districts and two grass seasons was similar.
-
이성기,고준수,안종건,권일경,채영석,강창기,최면,김거유 한국낙농학회 1994 韓國酪農學會誌 Vol.16 No.3
인삼을 첨가하여 제조한 요구르트가 mouse의 혈당 및 혈중 cholesterol 함량, 종양억제에 미치는 영향을 조사하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Mouse의 혈당 함량에는 유의적인 차이는 없었으나 3주간 인삼요구르트를 급여한 구가 대조구에 비해 수치적으로 낮은 혈당치를 보였다. 2. 인삼 첨가구와 인삼요구르트 급여구가 대조구에 비해 total cholesterol 과 cholesterolester함량은 실험시작 2주째부터, LDL-cholesterol함량은 실험시작 1주째부터 낮아졌으며, HDL-cholesterol함량은 3주째부터 높아지는 경향을 보였다. Free cholesterol함량은 각 구간에 차이가 없었다. 3. 인삼요구르트가 통계적인 유의차를 보이지는 않았으나 쥐의 복수암을 억제할 수 있는 가능성을 보였다 4. 인삼요구르트는 고형암에 효과를 미치지 못했다. The influences of ginseng-supplemented yogurt were investigated for the concentration of sugar and cholesterol in blood, and the inhibitory effects on ascites tumor and solid form sacoma. The results are summarized as followes: 1. There was no statistical significance for the blood glucose content in mouse, but the group administered ginseng yogurt for 3 weeks showed relatively low blood glucose content compared to the control group. 2. The concentration of LDL-cholesterol and cholesterol ester of the ginseng administered groups were decreased after 1 and 2 weeks respectively compared to the control group. On the contrary, the LDL-cholersterol concentrations in each groups were continuously increased after 3 weeks. 3. Ginseng-yogurt showed possibility to inhibit the growth of ascites tumor although it's inhibition was not significant statistically. 4. Ginseng-yogurt did not show any inhibitory effect on solid form sacoma.
연관 검색어 추천
이 검색어로 많이 본 자료
활용도 높은 자료
