머리염색이 인체에 미치는 영향

윤형식,황성호,이현륭,김수호,박연석,권낙현,정호진,김동훈,노현주,홍성호,박병찬,이관,정해관 東國大學校醫學硏究所 2002 東國醫學 Vol.9 No.1

일상생활에서 모발염색은 흔히 접할 수 있는 미용의 한 종류로 특히 젊은층을 중심으로 폭발적으로 유행하고 있다. 염색을 위항 사용하는 약제는 표백제와 발색제 등 각종 화학약품이 사용되고 있으나 이로 인한 건강장해에 대한 연구는 그리 많지 않다. 저자들은 염색이 인체의 모발건강에 미치는 영향을 파악하기 위하여 염색과 관련된 주관적 증상과 모발의 변화에 대한 실험적 연구를 시행하였다. 동국대학교 경주 캠퍼스 재학생 80명을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하여 염색 유 ·무 및 염색 후에 경험한 증상에 대해 설문 조사하였고, 의과대학 재학생 46명을 대상으로 피부 반응 테스트를 실시하였다. 또한 염색 전후의 모발 탄성도를 측정하였고 모발의 상태를 파악하기 위해 전자 현미경검사를 실시하였다. 설문조사 결과 염색 전에 비하여 염색 후 안구혼탁, 안구건조, 시력저하, 발진 및 접촉성 피부염, 모발손상, 모근손상 등의 증상을 더 많이 경험한다고 호소하였다(p<0.05). 모발손상과 모근손상은 헤어드라이어 사용 빈도에 따라 증가하는 것으로 조사되었다(p<0.05). 피부반응검사에서 가려움증이 가장 많은 증상이었으며 이는 여성보다는 남성에서 높은 것으로 조사되었다. 염색 전후의 모발장력은 염색 전 134.5±10.37g, 염색 128.0±30.69g, 염색 이틀 후 112.5±19.69g으로 나타났다. 염색 전후의 모발의 전자현미경 케라틴 층이 현저히 감소하고 모발이 가늘어지는 차이를 보였다. 염색은 모발손상, 모발 케라틴 손상 및 모근 손상, 발진 및 접촉성 피부반응, 안구혼탁, 안구건조, 시력 저하를 유발한다. 따라서 염색약으로 인한 손상에 대한 주의와 예방이 필요하다고 생각한다. 예방대책으로 염색 전 피부테스트를 통한 적합성 여부를 판단하는 것이 필요하며 가급적 염색을 피하는 것이 좋을 것이다. 염색약에 발암물질이 포함되어있다는 보고도 있어 염색 제조사의 철저한 실험과 염색 물질의 선별이 염색으로 인한 부작용을 최소화하는데 중요한 역할을 할 것이다. Hair coloring has became one of the most popular cosmetic activities to younger generations during last decade. However, there are few studies on the health effect of widespread use of chemical dyes. This study was conducted to study the effects of hair coloring dye on hair and other systems. We conducted a questionnaire survey of 80 persons in Kyongju campus, Dongguk University. We have done open patch skin test on 46 medical students. We also conducted scanning electron microscopy to examine the hair strength and structure before and after hair coloring process. Injury of hair and hair bulb, contact dermatitis, turbid eyes, xerophthalmia, and poor visual acuity were the main symptoms complained after hair coloring (p<0.05). Injury of hair and hair bulb were increased by frequency of hair-dryer use(p<0.05). In open patch test, pruritus was complanined by more than half of the subjects. Mean strength of hairs before and after hair coloring was as follows; 134.5 (SD 10.37)g before hair coloring, 128.0 (SD 30.69)g immediately after hair coloring, and 112.5 (SD 19.69)g after two days. The scanning electron microscopic findings of hair surface before and after hair coloring showed decreased keratin layer and thinning of the hair. Hair coloring induces injury to hair, its keratin layer, and hair bulb as well as contact dermatitis, turbid eyes, xerophthalmia, and poor visual acuity. Therefore, we think that precaution is needed in use of hair coloring dye. To prevent complications induced by hair coloring dye, it is necessary, especially to those with allergy or skin disorders, to perform skin test before action and avoid hair coloring whenever possible. Longterm health effects of hairdye should be studied and manufacturing companies should try to minimize complications induced by hair coloring dye.

SVD 알고리즘 및 HMM을 이용한 얼굴 및 눈 패턴 검출

진경찬,김명남,신장규,손병기,조진호 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1998 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.9 No.1

The studies about automatic pattern detection of the eye and face from the human image acquired by the CCD image sensor have good applicabilities in the industry, home automation, and data communication field. In general, pattern detection method consists of feature based matching and template matching. In feature based matching, the feature vector is extracted with DLM(dynamic linking matching), EBGM(elastic bunch graph matching), HMM(hidden markov model) matching and knowledge based matching using statistical characteristics. In template matching, in general, the template vector is extracted with PCA(principal component analysis). When these method applied in the face and eye detection, each method has its own merits and some disadvantage. Therefore, by combined utilization of SVD(singular value decomposition) and HMM algorithm, is expected that we can selectively make use of each methods advantage and it result in improved detection accuracy. In this paper, we proposed the method for face and eye detection, which was combined by the two algorithms, to be suitable for the high speed image processing using DSP chip or microprocessor. In the beginning, template matching was followed by a template extraction using batch SVD algorithm and then face pattern was classified and recognized by HMM algorithm which is one of feature based matching technique. Finally, eye pattern detection was performed by pattern search neural network utilizing eigeneye image.

Conceptual Study for Tissue-Regenerative Biodegradable Magnesium Implant Integrated with Nitric Oxide-Releasing Nanofi bers

Jin‑Kyung Jeon,Hyunseon Seo,Jimin Park,Soo Ji Son,Yeong Rim Kim,Eun Shil Kim,Jong Woong Park,Woong‑Gyo Jung,Hojeong Jeon,Yu‑Chan Kim,Hyun‑Kwang Seok,Jae Ho Shin,Myoung‑Ryul Ok 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.4

The excessive initial corrosion rate of Mg is a critical limitation in the clinical application of biodegradable Mg implantsbecause the device loses its fi xation strength before the fractured bone heals. This study suggests a new approach to overcomethis hurdle by accelerating tissue regeneration instead of delaying the implant biodegradation. As angiogenesis is anessential process in early bone regeneration, a Mg implant coated with electrospun nanofi bers containing nitric oxide (NO),which physiologically promotes angiogenesis, is designed. The integrated device enables adjustable amounts of NO to bestored on the NO donor-conjugated nanofi ber coating, stably delivered, and released to the fractured bone tissue near theimplanted sites. An in vitro corrosion test reveals no adverse eff ect of the released NO on the corrosion behavior of the Mgimplant. Simultaneously, the optimal concentration level of NO released from the implant signifi cantly enhances tube networkformation of human umbilical vein endothelial cells without any cytotoxicity problem. This indicates that angiogenesis canbe accelerated by combining NO-releasing nanofi bers with a Mg implant. With its proven feasibility, the proposed approachcould be a novel solution for the initial stability problem of biodegradable Mg implants, leading to successful bone fi xation.

한국형 후각검사 KVSS Test의 개발

홍석찬,유영석,김은서,김석천,박수홍,김진국,강성호 대한이비인후과학회 1999 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.42 No.7

3차원적 측두골 전산화 단층촬영을 이용한 중이질환에 대한 임상적 고찰

강성호,김진국,홍석찬 건국대학교 의과학연구소 1997 건국의과학학술지 Vol.- No.7

근관확대 및 세척 주사바늘의 근관 내 위치가 치근단 3 mm 부위의 근관 세정에 미치는 영향

문호진,홍찬의 大韓齒科保存學會 2012 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.37 No.1

Objectives: The aim of this study was to test the hypothesis, that the effectiveness of irrigation in removing smear layer in the apical third of root canal system is dependent on the depth of placement of the irrigation needle into the root canal and the enlargement size of the canal. Materials and Methods: Eighty sound human lower incisors were divided into eight groups according to the enlargement size (#25, #30, #35 and #40) and the needle penetration depth (3 mm from working length, WL-3 mm and 9 mm from working length, WL-9 mm). Each canal was enlarged to working length with Profile.06 Rotary Ni-Ti files and irrigated with 5.25% NaOCl. Then, each canal received a final irrigation with 3 mL of 3% EDTA for 4 min, followed by 5 mL of 5.25% NaOCl at different level (WL-3 mm and WL-9 mm) from working length. Each specimen was prepared for the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Photographs of the 3mm area from the apical constriction of each canal with a magnification of ×250, ×500, ×1,000, ×2,500 were taken for the final evaluation. Results: Removal of smear layer in WL-3 mm group showed a significantly different effect when the canal was enlarged to larger than #30. There was a significant difference in removing apical smear layer between the needle penetration depth of WL-3 mm and WL-9 mm. Conclusions: Removal of smear layer from the apical portion of root canals was effectively accomplished with apical instrumentation to #35/40 06 taper file and 3 mm needle penetration from the working length.

2차원 전기저항률 측정에서 전극배열법의 비교

부창진,김호찬,강민제 제주대학교 공과대학 첨단기술연구소 2005 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.16 No.1

Electrical resistance tomograpy(ERT) maps resistivity values of the soil subspace and characterizes buried objects. The characterization includes location, size, and resistivity of buried objects. In this paper, we have made numerical experiments to compare the performance of the Wenner, Schlumberger, pole-pole, and dipole-dipole electrode arrays for two-dimensional resistivity measurement in ERT. In general, the SNR(signal to noise ratio) of resistivity measurement is directly to the measurement voltage level. The pole-pole and Wenner arrays can give the highest signal level. Results of numerical experiments in ERT solved by four electrode array types are presented and compared using Gauss-Newton inversion algorithm.

부산지역 근로자들에서 Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT)와 간기능 검사와의 연관성 조사

손진군,송혜란,이광영,김진하,김호찬 大韓産業醫學會 2003 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.15 No.3

목적: 세계보건기구에서 알코올의존 이전 단계인 위험 및 유해음주를 조기에 선별하기 위해 개발한 AUDIT와 근오자 정기 건강 진단시 간기능 수치를 조사하여 집단검진에서 AUDIT의 유용ㅇ성과 AUDIT점수와 간기능 이상과의 연관성을 확인 하고자 하였다. 방법: 생산직 근로자 440명을 대상으로 AUDIT설문을 시행하고 이들의 간기능 수치를 측정하여 세계보건기구 기준에 따른 정상, 우험음주와 김종성등(1999)의 기준에 따른 정상, 위험, 유해음주 사이의 간기능의 차이를 비교하고 비정상 간기능에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 비교 하였다. 결과: 체질량지수가 정상인 군에서 세계보건기구 기준에 의한 정상, 위험음주의 비정상 간기능에 대한 단순분석시 교차비는 위험음주가 2.81로 통계적으로 유의하게 높았고, 김종성 등(1999)의 기준에 의한 정상, 위험, 유해음주간의 비정상 간기능에 대한 chi-square test for linear trend 분석시 교차비는 위험, 유해음주에서 각각 1.23, 2.14로 통계적으로 유의하게 높았다. 비정상 간기능에 영향을 미치는 요인들을 다중 로지스틱 희귀분석을 구한 교차비는 AUDIT문항 No. 1-3(고위험군- 2.39), 연령(30대-1.95, 40대-2.40, 50대-3.85), 체질량지수(과체중-1.66, 비만-4.53), 세계보건기구 기준(위험음주-2.10), 김종성 등 기준(유해음주-2.20) 모두에서 통계적으로 유의하였다. 결론: AUDIT를 이용한 음주문제의 선별기준은 간기능 장애와 유의한 연관을 보여 향후 집단 검진시 음주로 인한 간기능 장애의 예측검사와 위험 및 유해음주의 선별검사로 AUDIT활용이 가능 할 것으로 생각된다. Objects: The purpose of this study was to investigate the usefulness of the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) and the relationship between AUDIT score and liver function test. Methods: AUDIT questionnaires were distributed to 440 blue-collar workers. We compared liver function test with firstly, normal and hazardous drinking as measured by Kim et al.(1999). We also compared influencing factors on abnormal liver function. Results: By simple analsis in the normal BMI group, abnormal liver function was significantly affected by hazardous drinking (odds ratio 2.81) based on the guideline of WHO. By chisquare test for linear trend in the normal BMI froup, abnormal liver function was significantly affected by hazhrdous drinking (odds ratio 1.23) and harmful drinking (odds ratio 2.14) based on the guideline of Kim et al. By multiple logistic regression analysis, abnormal liver function was significantly affected by AUDIT questionnaires No. 1-3 (odds ratio risk 2.39), age (odds ratio-thirties 1.95, forties 2.40, fifties 3.85), BMI (odds ratio- overweight 1.66, obesity 4.53), guideline by WHO (odds ratio- hazardous drinking 2.10), and guideline by Kim et al (odds ratio-harmful drinking 2.20) Conclusions: We found that the problem of alcohol drinking as meadured by AUDIT was significantly associated with abnormal liver function. Therefore we suggest that AUDIT will be useful for the predictive test of abnormal liver function and screening test of hazardous and harmful drinking.

우리나라 논 관개용 지하수 수질 특성

김진호,조광래,임수정,이경자,경기천,엄미정,김희권,김찬용,이영한,이신찬,윤순강 한국환경농학회 2003 한국환경농학회지 Vol.22 No.4

This study was carried out to evaluate the status of the groundwater quality for paddy fields irrigation in Korea. Water samples were collected at 130 sites throughout the country. Samples were collected at three seasons-April, July and October-in 2000. According to our survey, the groundwater was found to be suitable for irrigation purpose. Average EC was shown 0.286 dS/m. Nitrate-nitrogen and Cl^(-) concentration was 5.6 ㎎/L, 32.95 ㎎/L which satisfied the Korean Standards for Irrigation Water. Nitrate-nitrogen concentration in each province was shown as following orders: Jeju (11.17 ㎎/L) > Chungnam (8.16 ㎎/L) > Gyeongbuk (6.64 ㎎/L) > Gyounggi (5.91 ㎎/L) > Chungnam (4.95 ㎎/L) > Gyeongnam (3.91 mgk) > Jeonbuk (3.50 ㎎/L) > Jeonnam (3.27 ㎎/L) > Gangwon (2.91 ㎎/L). The concentration by sampling seasons were October (6.62 ㎎/L) > July (5.88 mg&) > April (4.78㎎/L). As the soil of Jeju Province is usually derived from volcanic ash soils mainly used for upland drops, it may influence the nitrate-nitrogen concentration of groundwater. The amount of rainfall also influence the water quality. But the COD_(Cr), were shown April (3.17㎎/L) > July (2.91 ㎎/L) > October (2.40 ㎎/L), it is highly related in the basal dose of organic matter fertilizers. This study demonstrated that groundwater quality was suitable for irrigation, but continuous monitoring is recommended for agricultural policy and developing OECD agricultural environment indicators.

Taylor 모델을 이용한 역동역학 뉴로제어기의 설계와 전력계통 안정화장치에 적용

김문찬,부창진,김호찬 제주대학교 공과대학 첨단기술연구소 2003 尖端技術硏究所論文集 Vol.14 No.2

This paper presents an implementation of power system stabilizer using inverse dynamic neuro controller. Traditionally. mutilayer neural network is used for a universal approximator and applied to a system as a neuro-controller. In this case. at least two neural networks are used and continuous tuning of neuro -controller is required. Moreover, training of neural network is required considering all possible disturbances, which is impractical in real situation. In this paper,Taylor Model Based Inverse Dynamic Neuro Model (TMBIDNM) is introduced to avoid this problem. Inverse Dynamic Neuro Controller(IDNC) consists of TMBIDNM and Error Reduction Neuro Model(ERNM). Once the TMBIDNM is trained. it does not require retuning for cases with other types of disturbances. The controller is tested for one machine and infinite-bus power system for various operating conditions.