Genetic diversity of the VP7, VP4 and VP6 genes of Korean porcine group C rotaviruses

Jeong, Y.J.,Matthijnssens, J.,Kim, D.S.,Kim, J.Y.,Alfajaro, M.M.,Park, J.G.,Hosmillo, M.,Son, K.Y.,Soliman, M.,Baek, Y.B.,Kwon, J.,Choi, J.S.,Kang, M.I.,Cho, K.O. Elsevier Scientific Pub. Co 2015 Veterinary microbiology Vol.176 No.1

Porcine group C rotaviruses (RVCs) are considered important pathogens due to their economic impact on pig industry and may also cross the host species barrier toward humans. Unlike RVA, however, genetic and phylogenetic data on RVCs from pigs and other host species are scarce. In the present study, full-length ORF sequences of 26 VP7, 9 VP4 and 9 VP6 genes of Korean porcine RVC strains were compared with those of other known RVC strains by phylogenetic analyses and pairwise identity frequency graphs. Applying the established 85% nucleotide identity cut-off value for RVC VP7 classification, the 26 Korean porcine RVC strains belonged to the G1, G3, G6 and G7 genotypes. Although more complete RVC VP4 sequences are warranted before a definitive cut-off value could be determined, a provisional 83% nucleotide cut-off value proposed for RVC VP4 classification resulted in 7 P-genotypes, 5 of which possessed porcine RVC strains. A 90% nucleotide cut-off value for VP6 divided RVC strains into 7 I-genotypes, 5 of which had porcine RVC strains. G/P/I-genotype comparisons suggested the occurrence of rather frequent reassortment events among Korean porcine RVC strains, and strong geographical differences in the distribution of RVC G-genotypes worldwide. Our data indicate that a large genetic diversity exists among porcine RVC strains. For the final genotype determination of each gene segment, more intensified epidemiological studies on animal and human RVC strains throughout the world are needed.

Porous carbon-coated silica macroparticles as anode materials for lithium ion batteries: Effect of boric acid

Kim, Y.K.,Moon, J.W.,Lee, J.G.,Baek, Y.K.,Hong, S.H. Elsevier Sequoia 2014 Journal of Power Sources Vol.272 No.-

We report carbon-coated porous silica macroparticles (SiO<SUB>2</SUB>Γ) prepared using polymeric templates and subsequent carbonization with sucrose for improved electrochemical energy storage in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). In addition, boron is introduced to improve the stability of electrochemical cells by pyrolyzing mixtures of sucrose and boric acid (SiO<SUB>2</SUB>Γ + B) under inert atmosphere. The initially large surface area of porous SiO<SUB>2</SUB> (S<SUB>BET</SUB> ~ 658 m<SUP>2</SUP> g<SUP>-1</SUP>) is reduced to 102 m<SUP>2</SUP> g<SUP>-1</SUP> after carbonization and introduction of boric acid. Surface of both SiO<SUB>2</SUB>Γ and SiO<SUB>2</SUB>Γ + B are covered with amorphous carbon. In particular, SiO<SUB>2</SUB>Γ + B particles containing borosilicate (Si-O-B) phase and B-O bondings and Si-C-O bondings are also detected from the X-ray photoelectron spectra. The SiO<SUB>2</SUB>Γ + B macroparticles shows high reversible charge capacity up to 503 mAh g<SUP>-1</SUP> after 103 cycles of Li intercalation/de-intercalation although initial capacity was 200 mAh g<SUP>-1</SUP>. The improved charge capacity of SiO<SUB>2</SUB>Γ + B is attributed to formation of advantageous microstructures induced from boric acid.

UPS 입력역률 보상을 위한 디지털제어 시뮬레이션

김대곤,이기용,이강연,한엄용,백형래 조선대학교 에너지.자원신기술연구소 1998 에너지·자원신기술연구소 논문지 Vol.20 No.1

A conventional UPS can supply the clean power to the load However, it may generate input current harmonics and the input power factor can be very poor Therefore, the UPS itself may be a power interruption This paper provides multifunctional converter of using single phase UPS The proposed UPS can supply the clean power to the load without polluting the mains power system The multi-functional converter provides battery charging, var compensation and harmonic suppression simultaneously It was simulated to verify this work.

Microstructural Characteristics of the Fuel Cladding Tubes Irradiated in Kori Unit 1

Kim H.G.,Baek J.H.,Lee M.H.,Chun Y.B.,Jeong Y.H. Korean Nuclear Society 2003 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.35 No.5

In order to evaluate the microstructural characteristics of irradiated fuel claddings (Zircaloy-4), two irradiated specimens having different burnups (18 GWD/MTU and 42 GWD/MTU) were prepared from the G23-M4 fuel rods, which were loaded in Kori Unit 1 for 4 fuel cycles. The oxide thickness, hydride morphology and hardness change were characterized by an optical microscope and a micro-hardness tester after preparing the irradiated specimens in the PIE (Post Irradiation Examination) facilities. The dislocation loops and the amorphous transformation of precipitates induced by the neutron irradiation in the nuclear plant were also examined by a TEM. As the burnup increased from 18 GWD/MTU to 42 GWD/MTU, the oxide thickness increased from $6.0{\mu}m\;to\;25.3{\mu}m$ and the contents of hydrogen pick-up in the Zr matrix also greatly increased. In the comparison of the hardness of the unirradiated fuel cladding, the amount of hardness increase was nearly $9.3\%\;and\;24.2\%$ for the irradiated samples of 18 and 42 GWD/MTU, respectively. Both <a>-type dislocation loops and <c>-type dislocation components were observed simultaneously in the irradiated specimens and the densities of the dislocation was increased by increasing the burnup. The precipitates in both the irradiated specimens were amorphously transformed by the neutron irradiation and the trend of the amorphous transformation of the precipitates was enhanced at a higher burnup.

The stimulatory effects of Stewartia koreana extract on the proliferation and migration of fibroblasts and the wound healing activity of the extract in mice

Lee, T.H.,Lee, G.W.,Park, K.H.,Mohamed, M.A.A.,Bang, M.H.,Baek, Y.S.,Son, Y.,Chung, D.K.,Baek, N.-I.,Kim, J. Spandidos Publications 2014 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR MEDICINE Vol.34 No.1

Stewartia koreana (S. koreana) has been used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, such as acute gastroenteritis and aches, in Korean folk medicine and has been reported to have a number of biological activities, such as anti-inflammatory activity and the promotion of angiogenesis. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of S. koreana extract (SKE) and its components on dermal fibroblast growth and migration, and to investigate the wound healing activity of the extract in mice. In vitro experiments revealed that the numbers of SKE-treated cells increased by approximately 2.5- and 3.7-fold with 50 and 100 mu g/ml of SKE, respectively. 5-bromo-2'-deoxy-uridine (BrdU) incorporation was also increased in the SKE-treated cells by 2.3-fold. SKE promoted the migration of human skin fibroblasts and, among the isolated compounds, hyperin increased the proliferation and migration of the fibroblasts to almost the same degree as SKE. Western blot analysis demonstrated that SKE stimulated the MEK/ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. In in vivo experiments, the SKE-treated wound lesions of mice decreased by approximately 7% in diameter after 2 days of treatment with SKE compared with the wound lesions on the 1st day of the experiment. On the 9th day of treatment, the diameter of the lesions was further reduced by approximately 83% in the SKE-treated wound areas compared with the wound areas on the 1st day of treatment. Our results demonstrate that methanol extracts of S. koreana leaves promote the proliferation and migration of skin fibroblasts and possess effective wound healing activity through the activation of the MEK/ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways. Hyperin was identified as an active compound responsible for the stimulation of fibroblast growth and migration.

도시와 농촌 노인의 골다공증 지식, 자기효능감과 예방적 건강증진행위 비교 연구

심미정,백지원,박연정,민가희,김윤아,유지영,윤수현,강지원,강슬기 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2015 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.49

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the osteoporosis knowledge, self-efficacy, and preventive health promoting behaviors of the elderly who reside in urban and rural areas. Methods: Convenience sampling was used (urban elderly=127, rural elderly=112). The Osteoporosis Quiz, Osteoporosis Self-Efficacy scale, and Health Promotion Inventory for the Prevention of Osteoporosis were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using chi-square, t-tests, two-way ANOVAs, and multiple linear regression. Results: Elders residing in rural areas had significantly less knowledge of osteoporosis (t=-4.884, p<.001), self-efficacy (t=-6.153, p<.001), and preventive health-promoting behaviors (t=-5.710, p<.001). Multiple-regression analysis showed osteoporosis self-efficacy (p=.002) and chronic disease (p=.027) were significant predictors of preventive health-promoting behaviors for elders in urban areas. In rural areas, osteoporosis knowledge (p=.002), osteoporosis self-efficacy (p<.001), and regular medical examinations (p=.014) were significant predictors of preventive health-promoting behaviors. Conclusion: Promoting osteoporosis knowledge and self-efficacy may be significant in improving preventive health-promoting behaviors. Also, nursing interventions suitable for rural elders should be developed to increase their level of preventive health-promoting behaviors.

Radotinib inhibits acute myeloid leukemia cell proliferation via induction of mitochondrial-dependent apoptosis and CDK inhibitors

Heo, S.K.,Noh, E.K.,Gwon, G.D.,Kim, J.Y.,Jo, J.C.,Choi, Y.,Koh, S.,Baek, J.H.,Min, Y.J.,Kim, H. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 european journal of pharmacology Vol.789 No.-

<P>Radotinib is a BCR-ABL1 tyrosine kinase inhibitor approved for the second-line treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia. However, effects of radotinib on acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are unclear. In the present study, we observed that radotinib exerted cytotoxic effects on AML cells. Of the various AML cell lines examined (NB4, HL60, HEL 92.1.7, and THP-1), Kasumi-1 was the most sensitive to radotinib. Results of microarray analysis showed that 417 and 595 genes associated with apoptosis and cell cycle regulation, respectively, were differently expressed (i.e., showed > 2-fold difference in expression). Radotinib-induced apoptosis involved the mitochondrial pathway. Moreover, radotinib increased the apoptosis of and induced caspase-3 activity in both Kasumi-1 cells and bone marrow cells (BMCs) obtained from patients with AML. Radotinib also increased cleaved caspase-3, caspase-7, and caspase-9 levels and decreased the number of proliferating Kasumi-1 cells and BMCs from patients with AML. In addition, radotinib induced G(0)/G(1) phase arrest by inducing CDKIs p21 and p27 and by inhibiting CDK2, CDK4, and CDK6. These results indicate that radotinib induces caspase-dependent apoptosis and G(0)/G(1) phase arrest in AML cells by regulating CDKI-CDIC-cyclin cascade. Moreover, these results indicate that radotinib inhibits AML cell proliferation by inducing mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and CDKIs p21 and p27. To our knowledge, this is the first study to show that radotinib can be potentially used for the anti-leukemic therapy of patients with AML. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>

청예사료작물과 볏짚 위주의 완전배합발효사료 급여가 Holstein 착유우의 생산성에 미치는 영향

이현준,김현섭,기광석,정하연,백광수,김준식,조광근,조재순,이홍구,우정희,최윤재 한국동물자원과학회 2003 한국축산학회지 Vol.45 No.1

본 연구는 6종류의 완전배합발효사료(Total mixed fermentation feed: TMFF)의 착유우에 대한 영양적 가치를 구명하고자 수행되었다. 옥수수, 혼합목초, 호맥, 유채, 알팔파 및 연맥의 6종의 사료작물 청예가 수확되었고, 볏짚과 밀기울이 배합되었으며, 옥수수와 콩알곡을 배합하였다. 그리고 각각의 배합물들은 40톤 규모의 트렌치 사일로에 진압·저장하였으며, 성분분석과 젖소 급여시험을 위해 최소 60일 이상 경과 후에 개봉하였다. TMFF의 평균 건물 함량은 23.98∼28.42%범위였으며, 조단백질 함량은 16.2∼19.2%이었고, 가소화영양소총량(TDN)은 58.3∼65.1% 수준이었다. ADF 함량은 34.4∼39.6% 범위에서, NDF 함량은 46.9∼49.9% 범위를 나타내어 상대적사료가치(RFV)는 유채-, 알팔파-, 혼합목초-, 연맥-, 옥수수-, 호맥-TMFF에서 각각 138.6, 133.9, 116.5, 111.8, 111.4, 108.1으로 나타나, 호맥-TMFF의 것이 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타내었다(P<0.05). 건물손실율은 0.8∼1.9% 범위로서 모든 TMFF에서 양호한 발효와 보관상태를 나타내었으며, pH는 전체적으로 3.89∼4.87이었으며, 암모니아태질소(NH_3-N) 함량은 6.93∼8.66 ㎎/㎗이었다. 그리고 TMFF원물내의 휘발성지방산 함량 중 초산 함량은 0.19∼0.57% 낮은 함량을 나타내었고, 젖산 함량은 1.17∼3.21%으로 매우 높게 나타내었으며, 부틸산 함량은 0.03∼0.32%로서 매우 낮게 나타나 TMFF의 품질이 양호한 것으로 나타내었다. 그리고 발효가 완료된 TMFF를 평균 착유일수 240일, 2.4산차, 44.3개월령, 일일산유량 21.2㎏, 체중 574.6㎏, 체충실지수(BCS) 3.2인 42두에 무제한으로 급여하여 총 60일간의 섭취량 조사와 월별 체중 및 BCS를 조사한 결과, 초종별 TMFF의 평균 일일 총 섭취량은 알팔파-, 혼합목초-, 유채-, 옥수수-, 연맥-, 호맥-TMFF구에서 62.85, 60.48, 58.04, 57.11, 54.61, 45.74㎏의 순서로 각각 높게 나타내어 전체적으로 기호성이 우수한 것으로 나타내었으며, 호맥-TMFF구의 기호성이 가장 낮게 나타내었다(P<0.05). 이때 젖소의 체중에 대한 TMFF의 건물섭취율은 1.95∼2.90%로서 모든 TMFF의 기호성이 매우 우수한 것을 알 수 있었다. TMFF의 급여시험기간 중의 체중변화와 체충실지수(BCS)에 있어서 시험기간 60일 동안 모든 공시축에서 체중증가가 있었으며, 기간의 평균 두당 일당증체량은 140.0∼326.7g으로서 기호성이 가장 좋았던 알팔파-TMFF구에서 역시 가장 높은 증체를 보였으며, 기호성이 가장 낮았던 호맥-TMFF구에서 가장 낮은 증체를 나타내었다(P<0.05). 신체충실지수의 변화에 있어서는 혼합목초-TMFF구가 개시시의 3.07에서 3.34로 가장 크게 증가하였고, 호맥-TMFF구에서 3.34에서 3.30으로 약간 감소하여 나타냄으로서 증체량과 신체충실지수와는 비슷한 경향을 보였으나 일치하지는 않은 것으로 나타내었다(P<0.05). 그리고 평균 두당 우유생산성은 알팔파-, 연맥-, 혼합목초-, 옥수수-, 유채-, 호맥-TMFF구의 순서로 일일평균 16.16∼18.95 ㎏ 범위에서 시험구간에 유의한 차이를 나타내었으며(P<0.05), 일일 산유량의 변화에 있어서는 시험 개시시의 평균 21.2㎏에서 60일 후 시험 종료시에 모든 시험구에서 5㎏ 정도 감소하여 나타내었는데, 이는 시험종료시는 대부분의 시험축의 착유일수가 300일 이상의 비유말기에 이르렀기 때문으로 사료된다. 우유의 성분 함량에 있어서 시험기간 중 평균지방 함량은 전체적으로 4.06∼4.79% 범위에서 매우 높은 유지방 함량을 나타내어 유채-, 혼합목초-, 옥수수-, 알팔파-, 호맥-, 연맥-TMFF구의 순서로 높았으며, 단백질 함량은 3.15∼3.54% 범위에서 혼합목초-, 옥수수-, 유채-, 호맥-, 연맥-, 알팔파-TMFF구의 순서로 높게 나타내었다. 또한, 유당 함량에 있어서는 전체 평균이 4.56% 내외로서 서로 비슷한 함량을 나타내었으며, 무지고형분량과 총 고형분함량에 있어서도 전체 평균이 8.75%와 12.8% 내외로 시험구간에 차이가 없는 것으로 나타내었는데, TMFF 급여에 의해 우유중 성분 함량에 있어서 어떠한 경향을 찾을 수 없었다. This experiment was carried out to evaluate the value of total mixed fermentation feeds(TMFF) as completely mixed ration and to observe the effect of various kinds of TMFF on the palatability. feed intake, and milk performance in Holstein cows. The dry matter (DM) content of TMFF used in the experiment was 23.98~28.42% range. and CP. TDN. ADF and NDF were 16.2~19.2%, 58.3~65.1%, 34.4~39.6% and 46.9~49.9% levels, respectively. The relative feed value (RFV) in rape-, alfalfa-, grass-, oat-, corn-TMFF groups were 138.6, 133.9, 116.5, 111.8, 111.4 and 108.1, respectively. Among theses groups RFV of rye-TMFF group was lowest. Dry matter disappearance(DMD) showed 0.8~1.9% to the all kinds of TMFF groups. The pH was 3.89~4.87 and NH_3-N concentration was 6.93~8.66㎎/㎗. The acetic acid concentration in the raw material of TMFF showed low level of 0.19~0.57% lactic acid showed high level of 1.17~3.21% and butyric acid was very high as 0.03~0.32% Therefore. These results provide evidence that the quality of TMFF was not so bad. In the daily fresh matter intake on the alfalfa-, grass-, rape-, corn-, oats- and rye-TMFF were showed 62.85, 60.48, 58.04, 57.11, 54.61 and 45.74 ㎏ respectively. All TMFF showed high palatability as daily dry matter intake of 1.95 to 2.90% by body weight of experimental cows. Body condition score(BCS) was gradually increased in during 60 days of the experiment term. Average daily gain(ADG) showed about 140.0~326.7g. In alfalfa-TMFF group, the ADG was higher than in the other groups (P<0.05). Also, the increase in BCS was observed in grass-TMFF group (3.07 to 3.34) and rye-TMFF group was decreased in 3.07 to 3.34 (P<0.05). The milk yield appropriately showed a range of 16.16~18.95 ㎏ in all groups. Among these groups. alfalfa-TMFF group was highest(P<0.05). Average milk fat contents showed high levels of 4.06~4.79% and the level was high in order of rape-, grass-, corn-, alfalfa-, rye- and oats-TMFF. Milk protein was highest in forage-TMFF and level of lactose in milk was approximately 4.56% in overall groups. Solid non fat(SNF) and total solid(TS) contents were 8.75% and 12.8% respectively. However, milk composition was not significantly affected by TMFF.

남녀 고등학생의 자궁경부암, HPV 및 HPV 예방 백신에 대한 지식 정도

남영선,류수진,백송,송가람,이윤진,정혜진,최지은,JINGUOHUA 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2012 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.46

Purpose: This research is to determine the degree of knowledge about cervical cancer, Human Papillomavirus(HPV), HPV vaccination of boy and girl high school students in Republic of Korea, and aimed to provide a basis of the education and policies which are for the reduction of HPV infection risks. Methods: The research subjects consisted of 132 boy students and 142 girl students. The data were collected using self-reported questionnaires composed of 10 questions about cervical cancer, 10 questions about HPV, and 5 questions about HPV vaccination. The collected data were analyzed with frequency, percentage, average, standard deviation, t-test and ANOVA by using SPSS version 19.0. Results: As a result, the degree of knowledge about cervical cancer, HPV, HPV vaccination of the research subjects was very low, and each average was 4.47±2.98, 2.79±2.91, and 1.20±1.46 points. There were statistically significant differences in the degree of knowledge about cervical cancer, HPV, and HPV vaccination depending on the research subjects’ sex (p<0.01), school types (p<0.05), majors (p<0.05), whether they had heard about cervical cancer or not (p<0.01). Conclusion: Concrete educational programs about cervical cancer, HPV, and HPV vaccination for high school students should be developed considering the students’ sex, school types, and majors.

Cholesterol Assimilation Activity of Lactobacillus spp. from Kefir and Yoghurt and Non Starter Strains

Yoon, Y. H 韓國酪農學會 1998 韓國酪農學會誌 Vol.20 No.2