임상간호사의 조직 의사소통 만족과 안전분위기가 투약안전 역량에 미치는 영향

송가람,김옥수 간호행정학회 2022 간호행정학회지 Vol.28 No.3

"Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of hospital nurse's organizational communi cation satisfaction and safety climate on their medication safety competence. Methods: Data were collected from 131 hospital nurses who administer medications at hospitals in the metropolitan areas. Data were analyzed utilizing descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe’s test, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: Medication safety competence was significantly relations to organizational communication satisfaction (r=.52, p<.001) and safety climate (r=.54, p<.001). Organizational communication satisfaction, safety climate, age 31~35 years and over 36 year, clinical experience 5~10 years and 10 or more years and surgical department influenced on medication safety competence. These factors explained 47.0% of clinical nurse's medication safety competence (p<.001). Conclusion: Organizational communication satisfaction and safety climate had effects on nurses’ medication safety competence. It is needed to formulate strategies to make an organizational climate where the level of communication within the hospital improve and safety is considered a top priority to increase the medication safety competence of hospital nurses." 연구목적: 본 연구는 임상간호사의 조직 의사소통 만족, 안전분위기가 투약안전 역량에 미치는 영향을 분석하기 위한 서술적 상관관계 조사연구이다. 연구방법: 수도권 소재 종합병원 이상 의료기관에 근무하며 투약간호를 직접 수행하는 임상간호사 131명을 대상으로 연구하였다. 수집된 자료는 SPSS/WIN 28.0 프로그램을 사용하여 기술통계, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffe‘s test, Pearson’s correlation coefficients, hierarchical multiple regression으로 분석하였다. 연구결과: 투약안전 역량은 조직 의사소통 만족(r=.52, p<.001) 및 안전분위기(r=.54, p<.001)와 통계적으로 유의한 양적 상관관계가 있었다. 투약안전 역량에 영향 미치는 요인은 조직 의사소통 만족(β=.26, p=.018), 안전분위기(β=.26, p=.023), 연령이 31세 이상 35세 이하(β=.293, p=.047) 및 36세 이상(β=-.37, p=.005)인 경우, 현재 재직 중인 의료기관의 근무기간 5년 이상 10년 미만 (β=.36, p=.001) 및 근무 기간이 10년 이상인 경우(β=.42, p<.001), 외과계 근무부서(β=.21, p=.004)로 나타났으며 47.0%의 설명력을 보였다. 결론: 본 연구에서 조직 의사소통 만족과 안전분위기는 간호사의 투약안전 역량에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 임상간호사의 투약안전 역량이 향상되기 위해 조직 내 의사소통 만족 수준을 높이고 안전을 우선으로 하는 조직의 분위기가 형성되도록 전략을 세우는 것이 필요하다.

Identification of the CH4 Emission Factor and Emission Characteristics for a Wood-Fired Boiler

송가람,정선희,강성민,전의찬 한국기후변화학회 2022 한국기후변화학회지 Vol.13 No.6

In this study, the emission characteristics of residential wood-fired boilers were identified and the CH4 emission factor was developed. We conducted field surveys of exhaust gas from stacks of wood-fired boilers over a four-day period. The CH4 and CO levels of the exhaust gases were analyzed in the laboratory, as were those of the firewood used in the wood-fired boilers. Regarding emission characteristics, CH4 concentration was low with the fan turned on because of the amount of combustion air being added to the furnace. Spearman’s rho correlation analyses were performed to investigate the correlations between CH4 concentration and CO according to exhaust gas and temperature in the furnace. The analysis showed that the higher was the concentration of CO in the exhaust gases, the higher was the concentration of CH4. However, the higher was the temperature in the furnace, the lower was the concentration of CH4. The CH4 emission factor was 130.15 kgCH4/TJ, as estimated and compared to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) default values. A comparison between wood stoves and wood-fired boilers showed lower CH4 emission factors for the boilers. The difference between CH4 emission factors in this study and those of the IPCC were likely because of the specific combustion technologies and the total moisture content of the fuel used.

식이성 비타민 E가 사염화탄소를 투여한 흰쥐의 체내지질성분에 미치는 영향

송가현(Ga-Hyun Song),조수열(Soo-Yeul Cho),박미리(Mi-Lee Park) 한국식품영양과학회 1990 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.19 No.4

콩기름에 희석한 20% 사염화탄소 용액을 흰쥐에 5주간 복강으로 투여하는 동시에 비타민E를 식이로 체중㎏당 0, 40, 400 및 800㎎을 투여하였을 때 생체내 지질성분의 변화를 관찰하였다.<br/> 간 중량은 대조군인 C군에 비해 사염화탄소 투여군에서 유의하게 높았고 비타민 E 무첨가군인 EF군에 비해 800E군에서 유의하게 낮았으며 신장중량은 C군에 비해 EF군과 40E군에 있어 유의하게 높았고, EF군에 비해서는 비타민 E공급이 증가할수록 낮아지는 경향이었다. 간중의 총지질 함량은 대조군에 비해 EF, 40E, 400E군에서 유의하게 높았고, EF군에 비해 400E, 800E군에서 유의하게 낮았으며, 트리글리세리드함량은 대조군에 비해 사염화탄소 투여군에서 유의하게 높았고, EF군에 비해 800E군에서 유의하게 낮았다. 총콜레스테롤 함량은 EF, 40E군이 대조군에 비해서 유의하게 높았고, EF군에 비해 800E군에서 유의한 감소를 보였다. 간의 지방산 조성은 다가불포화지방산인 arachidonic acid와 docosahexaenoic acid가 사염화탄소 투여군에서 감소하였고, 비타민E 공급이 증가할수록 감소가 억제되었다. 혈청 aminotransferase 활성은 사염화탄소 급여군에서 유의하게 증가되었고, EF군에 비해 400E와 800E군에서는 유의하게 낮았다. This experiment was conducted to study the effect of dietary vitamin E on the lipid composition of rats treated with carbon tetrachloride. Rats were divided into five groups, i. e., C(soybean oil with vitamin E(40㎎/㎏ diet)), EF(CCI₄ with vitamin E deficient diet), 40E(CCI₄ with vitamin E(40㎎ ㎏ diet)), 400E(CCI₄ with vitamin E(400㎎/㎏ diet)), 800E(CCI₄ with vitamin E(800㎎/㎏ diet)). Body weight gain, and food efficient ratio were not observed significant differences. The liver weight was significantly increased in the CCI₄ treated groups, but the liver weight of 800E group was significantly lower than that of EF group. In EF and 40E groups, kidney weights were significantly higher compared to that of C group. The content of total lipid in liver of 40E and 400E groups were significantly higher than that of control group, but in 400E and 800E groups the contents were significantly lower compared with that of EF group. The content of triglyceride in liver was significantly higher in the CCI₄ treated groups, and the content of cholesterol was significantly higher in the EF and 40E groups, but those of 800E group were significantly lower compared with those of EF group. In CCI₄ treated groups, arachidonic acid and docosahexaenoc acid in fatty acid composition of liver were lower compared to those of control group, but these decreases were modified by dietary supplementation of vitamin E. Activities of ALT and AST in serum of CCI₄ administration groups were significantly higher than those of control group, and 400E and 800E groups were significantly lower than those of EF group.

성형한계변형률 결정법에 관한 새로운 제안

송가형(G. H. Song),장준희(J. H. Jang),김형종(H. J. Kim) 한국소성가공학회 2014 한국소성가공학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.5

1920년대 말 1930년대 초 상하이 일본인 거류민사회의 중국 인식과 정치 행동

송가배 고려대학교 아세아문제연구원 2023 亞細亞硏究 Vol.66 No.2

In the late 1920s, living through the turbulent collision of Japanese imperialist expansion and Chinese nation-state construction, Japanese nationals in Shanghai maintained a chauvinistic attitude. This paper focuses on the Chinese perceptions and the related political actions of the short-term Settlers, or Kaisya ha, as they laid the foundation for collective perceptions of the community. To be specific, Kaisyaha asserted the theory of China as an “uncivilized nation” during the 1930 negotiations for the abolition of extraterritorial jurisdiction. Immediately after the Wanbaoshan incident, they advocated for a unified settlement of problems in Manchuria and Yangtze River area. When the Manchurian Incident broken out, they led a political movement to oust the National government of Jiang Jieshi, urging the Japanese government to invoke the right of self-defense. It is important to emphasize that their Chinese-related discourses had a strong political orientation, seeking to intervene in Japanese imperial policy toward China. At first glance, they appeared to criticize Shidehara diplomacy and move closer to Tanaka diplomacy, but they envisioned a plan based on their own local experiences and interests in Shanghai. On one hand, they criticized the existing Manchurian-centered state policy and sought a unified solution to the Yangtze and Manchurian issues. On the other hand, they embraced Shidehara’s economic-centered diplomacy and demanded that the status of the Yangtze River area be elevated in national policy. 1920년대 후반 상하이의 일본인 거류민은 일본의 제국주의적 팽창과 중국의 국민국가 건설이 부딪히는 격동의 현장 속에서 배외주의적인 태도로 일관하였다. 본고는 이들의 중국 인식을 형성하고 전파한 주체로서 거류민 중 회사파(會社派)의 중국 관련 언설과 행동을 분석하였다. 구체적으로 이들은 1930년 치외법권 철폐 협상 시기 중국의 ‘비문명국가’론을, 만보산사건 이후에는 만몽-장강 문제의 일체 해결을 주장하였고, 만주사변 이후에는 난징국민정부 축출과 자위권 발동을 촉구하는 정치운동을 전개하였다. 회사파의 중국 언설은 일본 정부의 대중국 정책에 개입하고자 하는 강한 정치성을 갖고 있었다. 이들은 일견 시데하라 외교를 비판하고 다나카 외교로 접근하는 것으로 보였으나, 상하이라는 공간의 지역적 경험 및 이해관계를 기반으로 한 방안을 구상하였다. 한편으로 그들은 기존의 만몽 중심의 국책을 비판하고, 장강과 만몽 문제의 일체 해결을 주장하였다. 동시에 시데하라의 경제외교를 수용하면서 국책에서 장강 유역의 위상을 높일 것을 요구하였다.

문화대혁명은 사상계몽운동이었는가? ―한 조반파의 문혁 연구에 대한 비평적 읽기

송가배 ( Song Gabae ) 한국외국어대학교 중국연구소 2022 中國硏究 Vol.91 No.-

In recent years, Korean researchers of Chinese Modern Literature have increasingly questioned the validity of Chinese New Era’s enlightenment discourse which has been dominantly influential since the 1980s in Korea. In order to overcome the narrative of Enlightenment, they started to focus on the ideological aspect of the Cultural Revolution (CR), which is naturally contributable to the redefinition of enlightenment that has been exclusively related to the May Forth so far. This paper reviews Lin Weiran’s Ph.D. dissertation An Abortive Chinese Enlightenment: The Cultural Revolution and Class Theory (1996). First, Lin Weiran (1996) describes the CR as ideological movement led and engaged in by the mass (renmin qunzhong), and the movement was characterized by political activities such as intense debates in everyday life. In this sense, Lin claims the CR as nothing less than Chinese enlightenment. Lin’s work helps Korean researchers secure specific and prolific historical resources to redefine the CR as an ideological revolution, consequently resolving the problem of integrating enlightenment and Mao’s mass line. Second, Lin highlights the role of the former Rebels in the Democracy Wall Movement (1978-1982). The Red Guard radicalism--‘theory of a new class’, which is reguarded as the core of ‘new intellectual trend’ (xin sichao) by Lin, criticizes a new bureaucratic class or the speical privileged class in PRC. Lin argues that ‘theory of a new class’ is an important starting point in explaining the Democracy Wall Movement activists’ democratic arguments. Last but not least, Lin overlooks radical innovations of system during the CR. As a result, Lin fails to address or account for Mao’s dilemma between revolutionizing and governing the country.

장 미쉘 빌모트의 전시공간에 나타난 실내디자인 표현특성

송가현(Song, Ga-Hyun),김문덕(Kim, Moon-Duck) 한국실내디자인학회 2014 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.23 No.6

Today, the growing number of international architects enters the open market of South Korean architecture and interior from exhibition spaces such as art galleries to buildings of major companies. Establishing new local landmarks, their works have a considerable influence on the development of architecture. Among many, French architect Jean-Michel Wilmotte has worked consistently in South Korea. The purpose of this study is to analyze and put together the expression characteristic of the interior design in his exhibition spaces including Gana Art Gallery. Jean-Michel Wilmotte has designed based on the history, culture, society, and arts in France and other European countries, and is influenced by architects like Charles Rennie Mackintosh, Josef Hoffmann, and Carlo Scarpa. Such an influence is shown in the form of contrast between verticality and horizontality as well as the fortification in his modern classical characteristic, which is one of his expression characters. In this his work of improving the ancient architecture, Wilmotte is good at creating a modern space through contextual expression, and the textural contrast between materials of the past and the present. Thus I performed an analysis of the expression characteristic of the interior design in National Museum of Contemporary Art of Chiado in Lisbon, Cognac Hennessy Museum in France, Gana Art Gallery in Korea, Musee du President Jacques Chirac in Sarran, France, Ullens Center for Contemporary Art (UCCA) in Beijing, and lastly Musee d’Orsay in Paris. The results show that he maintains the spatial context by applying contemporary design to the preserved existing structure, continues the flow of exhibition through the lightings in the corridors and on the ceiling, and seeks for a balance by adding vertical or horizontal elements to the elevation. In the interior, the staircase and exhibition structure are turned into objects, and the contrasting texture of the wall vitalizes the space. Wilmotte redesigns the space of the past and the present by using indirect joint that allows an organic connection of the old and new structures, and by minimizing the conflict between the two elements through prefabrication. The expression character of his interior design will be potential resources architects and interior designers to develop their own design languages.

직장인의 성인애착과 대인관계능력의 관계에서 대인존재감의 매개효과

송가미,박희현 한국인간발달학회 2016 人間發達硏究 Vol.23 No.3

This study investigated the relationship among adult attachment, mattering and interpersonal relationship ability of an employee. The aim of this study is to examine the mediating effects of the mattering on the relationship between adult attachment and interpersonal relationship ability. The subjects of this research exercise were 313 employees. Data were analyzed by means of Pearson's correlation and the Baron and Kenny(1986) mediating effect analysis. The results were as follows. First, adult attachment was negatively associated with mattering and interpersonal relationship ability and mattering was positively associated with the interpersonal relationship ability of employees. Second, mattering had a perfect mediating effect on the relationship between attachment anxiety and interpersonal relationship ability of employees. Third, mattering had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between attachment avoidance and the interpersonal relationship ability of employees. In conclusion, a program to enhance the employee's mattering should be developed and implemented. In addition, training programs and counseling services for employees were suggested and implications for future researches were discussed.

일본군 점령시기 상하이 작가 선지(沈寂) 소설 연구 ― 문학과 매체의 관계를 중심으로

宋嘉俳 ( Song Gabae ) 중국어문연구회 2021 中國語文論叢 Vol.- No.105

The purpose of this study is to research Shen Ji’s short stories and novellas in Shanghai under Japanese ruling, 1942-1945. Shen Ji (1924-2016) was one of the most popular and successful writer of the time, though, he has been overlooked in the current scholarly works on occupied Shanghai’s literature. The main goal of this paper is to close read and examine about thirty short stories and novellas by Shen. This paper also challenges the previous nationalistic intepretation of “anti-Japanese” put on Shen’s novellas, offering a pulural reading of the novellas. This paper has no intention of disparaging interpretation of “anti-Japanese” resist, but rather to deny it’s final and only position in reading Shen’s novellas. To this end, this paper applies a perspective of media, a method heretofore unused in previous scholarly works, with a focus on relationships between Shen’s novellas and literary journals. Shen’s novellas are closely related to litrary journals which printed his works. To be specific, each journal’s charicteristics such as editorial strategies, political background, cultural orientation of editor-in-chief could influence on Shen’s writing. Chapter two and three respectively examines works printed in The Fiction Monthly and The Phenomena Monthly: While the former provided the opportunity for Shen Ji, an obscure writer, to publish early works; the latter supported him to gain the fame as well as provided guidance about writing. During the period of prosperity, Shen mainly published his novellas in The Miscellany Monthly and The Spring and Autumn Monthly. In the former, Shen produced popular novellas which would increase the number of subscribers; In the latter, Shen wrote novellas in which locality and ciriticism were combined in an ambiguous manner.

열간프레스성형 시 금형온도에 따른 플랜지부 강도의 실험적·해석적 연구

송가형(G. H. Song),김동훈(D. H. Kim),김흥규(H. K. Kim),차백순(B. S. Cha),김형종(H. J. Kim) 한국소성가공학회 2015 한국소성가공학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.5