교정용 미니스크류의 디자인에 따른 식립 및 제거 토오크

차정열,윤태민,황충주 대한치과교정학회 2008 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.38 No.1

교정용 미니스크류의 원추 형태가 식립 후 시기별 안정성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해, 시기별 제거 토오크 및 동요도와 조직시편분석을 시행하였다. 성견 6마리의 하악 협측골에 원통형과 원추형 교정용 미니스크류(Biomaterials Korea, Seoul, Korea) 48개를 식립하고, 식립 시 식립 토오크와 동요도를 측정하고 3주, 12주 동안 교정력을 부여한 후, 제거 시 제거 토오크와 동요도를 측정하였다. 식립 토오크는 원통형 미니스크류에서 13.6 Ncm, 원추형 미니스크류에서 22.3 Ncm로 원추형 미니스크류에서 높은 식립 토오크가 측정되었다 (P < 0.001). 식립 3주째 제거 토오크는 원통형 미니스크류에서 5.7 Ncm, 원추형 미니스크류에서 9.1 Ncm로 유의한 차이가 관찰되었다(P < 0.05). 식립 12주째 원추형 미니스크류의 제거 토오크는 3.6 Ncm로 유의하게 감소하여(P < 0.05) 원통형 미니스크류의 4.2 Ncm와 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다. 이상의 결과로 미니스크류의 원추 구조는 식립 토오크를 유의하게 증가시켜 식립 후 3주간 안정성에 도움이 되었으나, 12주 후 안정성에 있어서는 원통형 미니스크류와 유사하였음을 시사한다. Objective: This study was designed to analyze the primary and secondary stability characteristics of orthodontic mini-screws of tapered design when compared with the cylinder mini-screw. Methods: A total of 48 mini-screws were placed into the buccal alveolar bone of the mandible in 6 male beagle dogs. Comparison was made between tapered and cylinder type mini-screws (Biomaterials Korea, Seoul, Korea). Maximum insertion torque (MIT) was measured using a torque sensor (Mark-10, MGT50, USA) during installation, and maximum removal torque (MRT) was recorded after 3 and 12 weeks of loading. Results: Taper mini-screws showed a higher MIT value of 22.3 Ncm compared with cylinder mini-screw showing 13.6 Ncm (P < 0.001). The MRT of the taper mini-screw showed a significantly higher value of 9.1 Ncm than those of cylinder mini-screw of 5.7 Ncm at 3-weeks after installation (P < 0.05). However, there was no difference in the MRT value between the taper and cylinder mini-screws at 12 weeks of loading. Conclusions: These results showed that the high insertion torque of the taper mini-screw design increases initial stability until 3 weeks of loading, but does not have any effect on the secondary stability at 12 weeks of loading.

위암의 근치절제술 후 생존율과 예후인자

차윤정,박진영,장정환,김성환,김권천,조현진,민영돈 조선대학교 2001 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.26 No.1

Background and Objectives: Gastric cancer is still the leading cause of cancer death in Korea, and surgery remains the only method of treatment that offers the potential for a cure. Purpose: The aims of this study are to examine the outcome of the patients with gastric adenocarcinoma who underwent curative resection and to identify the prognostic factors leading to improved survival rates in these patients. Materials and Methods: The medical records of 278 patients with gastric adenocarcinoma, treated curatively at the Chosun University Hospital between January 1990 and December 1994, were reviewed retrospectively from January 2000 to March 2000. Follow-up was obtained for 250 patients(89.9%). The survival rates were calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method, and the significance of differences between patient factors(age and sex), tumor factors(location, size, gross type, tumor depth, lymph node metastasis, and stage) and treatment factors(operation method and reconstruction type) were evaluated statistically by the log-rank test. Results: The overall five-year survival probability was 59.6%. There was no survival difference according to age and sex. The 5-year survival rates according to the tumor depth were 97.0% for Tl, 74.5% for T2, 39.6% for T3, and 23.1% for T4(p=0.0000); to the lymph node metastasis were 81,4% for N0, 51.9% for N1, and 21.2% for N2(p=0.0000); to the TNM stage were 96.7% for stage I a, 79.5% for stage I b, 68.8% for stage II, 52.9% for stage III a, 25.9% for stage III b, and 7.5% for stage IV(p=0.0000). Other statistically significant differences were shown in tumor location, size, gross type, operation method, and reconstruction type after subtotal gastrectomy. Conclusion: The most definitive prognostic factors affecting the survival rate of gastric adenocarcinoma were tumor depth, lymph node metastasis, and tumor stage. The keys to successful outcome includes early diagnosis and curative resection with radical lymph node dissection at early stage as possible.

흰쥐에서 paraquat독성에 미치는 tumor necrosis factor-α의 영향

차종희,박정수,양성훈,박재윤,이병래 조선대학교 2000 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.25 No.2

Background : The toxicity of paraquat is due to the oxygen-derived radicals formed by the reaction of oxygen with bipyridylium radical cations. Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α induces the synthesis of mitochondrial manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) and other protective proteins in a variety of tumor cells and these protein contribute to a protect tumor cells from free radical injury. In this study, the effects of TNF-α on paraquat-induced toxicity were investigated in rats. Methods : Experimental animal used was Sprague-Dawley male rat, body weight 150-200g. The paraquat toxicity was determined by survival rate. The SOD, catalse, and glutathione peroxidase(GSHPx) activity were spectrophtomerically determined by Crapo method, Aebi method and Flohe method, respectively. Results : The survival rate of paraquat-intoxicated rats was decreased by subctaneous injection of TNF-α. However, the survival rate of paraquat injected rats were increased by pretreatment of TNF-α, comparing to saline pretreatment. The liver SOD activity was increased significantly by TNF-α treatment, but kidney and lung enzyme was unaltered in TNF-α treated-rats, comparing to normal control rats. The increment of liver SOD activity by TNF-α treatment was dose- and time-dependant SOD activity of kidney and lung of rats were not changed by TNF-α injection. The activities of catalase and glutathione peroxidase and contents of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance(TBARS) in liver were not changed by TNF-α treatment. Conclusion : From these result, TNF-α potentiate paraquat toxicity in rats but TNF-α pretreatment reduce paraquat induced toxicity. Protective effect may be resulted from the increased liver SOD activities by TNF-α.

외래환자를 위한 시간제한 집단정신치료

이후경,차정화,윤성철,김정일 大韓神經精神醫學會 2001 신경정신의학 Vol.40 No.3

연구목적 : 최근 외래집단정신치료는 전통적인 장기치료에서 단기치료나 시간제한치료로 전환되고 있는 추세다. 단기는 보통 10∼40회 걸쳐 실시되는 것에 비해 시간제한(time-limited)은 시작부터 종결시기 및 횟수를 미리 정해놓고 실시한다. 이는 치료자와 환자간에 가능성 있는 구체적인 치료목표를 설정하고 적극적인 공동작업을 통하여 정해진 기간에 효과적인 치료결과를 가져올 수 있기 때문에 효율적인 치료방법으로 점차 부상되는 있는 양식이다. 본 논문의 연구목표는 다음과 같다 ① 정신과의원 외래환자를 대상으로 시간제한 집단정신치료를 시행하여 치료효과와 치료요인을 조사한다. ② 집단정신치료 시행과정에 나타나는 특징을 살펴본다. ③ 본 집단정신치료의 적절성과 타당성을 검증하여, 현재 한국 의료상황에 맞는 저비용, 고효율적인 모델로서 정착시켜 외래치료를 보다 효과적으로 할 수 있는 기반을 마련하다. 방 법 : 본 연구는 2000년 4월부터 동년 7월까지 매주 1회, 한번에 70∼80분씩, 총 12회 걸쳐 실시되었다. 실험군은 정신과의원 외래환자중 기능수준이 높은 정신병환자를 대상으로 하였다. 대조군은 비슷한 나이, 성별, 진단군, 유병기간을 일대일 짝을 지어 선정하였다. 각각8명이 참여하였다. 평가도구는 BDI, STAI,MMPI, 이화방어기제를 사전, 사후에 실시하였고, 매회 마다 13가지 치료요인 척도를 실시하였으며, 총평가 설문지를 마지막에 실시하였다. 결 과 : BDI는 실험군에서 대조군에 비하여 유의미하게 감소하였다. STAI-S는 실험군, 대조군 모두에서 차이가 없었고, STAI-T는 실험군에서 대조군에 비하여 유의미하게 감소하였다. MMPI는 실험군에서 대조군에 비하여 통계적으로 유의미하게 감소하였지만, 사전-사후 변화량에 대한 집단간 검사에서 유의미하지 않았다. 이는 두 군에 동일하게 노출된 약물치료와 지지치료의 영향으로 추측된다. 이화방어기제는 실험군에서만 미성숙 방어기제와 신경증적 방어기제의 유의미한 감소를 보였다. 치료요인은 초기, 중기, 말기로 나누어 비교했을 때, 전 회기에 걸쳐 실존적 인자가 1위를 차지하였고, 카타르시스, 치료자동일시, 보편성, 집단응집력이 내내 상위를 차지하였다. 초기, 중기에 중하위를 차지하였던 대인관계학습은 말기에 2위를 기록하였다. 총평가 설문에서 참여자의 100%에서 도움 받은 것으로 보고하였고, 75%에서 생활의 변화를 보고하였으며, 75%에서 재참여 의사를 밝혔다. 결 론 : 외래환자들에게 단순히 약물치료와 지지치료만을 시행하는 것에 덧붙여 시간제한 집단정신치료를 시행할 때 증상호전뿐만 아니라 성격변화의 효과도 가져오는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 참여자들의 집단정신치료에 대한 만족도도 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다. 집단정신치료는 정신치료에 뿌리를 두면서 이에 필적하는 치료효과가 있는 것으로 공인된 치료양식이다. 의약분업 및 의료비 감축 등의 급변하는 현 의료환경에서 집단정신치료와 시간제한치료가 정신치료와 장기치료만큼 효과 있으면서 저비용, 고효율적인 양식으로서 정착될 수 있을 것이다. Objectives : Recently, the outpatient group psychotherapy has been changed from traditional long-term therapy to short-term or time-limited therapy. The termination time and session numbers are given from start line in the time-limited therapy while 10 to 40 sessions are needed in the short-term therapy. And therapist and patients come to an agreement of the accomplishable therapeutic goal and work together actively. The time-limited group psychotherapy is being accepted newly as an efficient therapeutic modality because effective therapeutic outcomes within given time have been reported. The objectives of this study are as follows ; firstly, we examine the therapeutic outcomes and the therapeutic factors after performing the time-limited group psychotherapy for outpatients in the psychiatric clinic ; secondly, we analyze the characteristics showed in the process of study ; lastly, we verify the feasibility and the validity of this group psychotherapy and then establish the basis of the effective outpatient therapy that would be settled down as an applicable treatment modality economically and efficiently in the current medical environment of Korea. Methods : This study was performed weekly in total 12 sessions from July 1999, April 2000 to and each session took 70-80 minutes. The experimental group were composed of the highly-functioning psychotic patients among outpatients in the psychiatric clinic. The control group were composed of the similar patients through one-to-one matching of age, sex, diagnosis, and duration of illness. The participants were 8 patients each. BDI(Beck Depression Inventory), STAI(Spielbergs State-Trait Anxiety Inventory), MMPI(Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory), and EDMT(Ewha Defence Mechanism Test)as the evaluation scales were performed before and after treatment. And 13-therapeutic factors scale was performed just after each session and the self-report total assessment questionnaire was performed only in experimental group at the end of this study. Results : The mean score of BDI was decreased significantly in experimental group in comparison with control group. The mean score of STAI-S was not changed significantly in both group, and the mean score of STAI-T was decreased in experimental group in comparison with control group. The mean score of MMPI was decreased significantly in experimental group in comparison with control group, but the comparison of difference scores(post-treatment score-pre-treatment score) between the experimental and control group was not decreased significantly. This result may come from psychopharmacotherapy and individual supportive psychotherapy given equally to both group. The mean scores of immature defence and neurotic defence in EDMT were decreased significantly in experimental group compared with control group. Comparing the therapeutic factors to divide into the first, middle, and the last stage, existential factor was ranked first, and catharsis, identification with therapist, universality, and group cohesiveness were ranked high in all stages. Interpersonal learning was ranked first in the last stage altinough being ranked low in the first and middle stage. The total assessment questionnaires about group psychotherapy were reported that 100% of participants were helped, 75% of participants were changed in their lives, and 75% of participants had minds to join this kind of program again if given for them. Conclusions : This result shows that not only symptom relief but also personality change was achieved when the time-limited group psychotherapy was practiced in addition to simple psychophamarcotherapy and individual supportive psychotherapy for outpatients. The degree of satisfaction for group psychotherapy of participants were evaluated highly. Group psychotherapy has been accepted in public as therapeutic modality that must be as equally effective as psychotherapy although group psychotherapy derives from individual psychotherapy. In out current medical environment that has been changed suddenly by the separation of medical practice and pharmaceutical dispensing and the decrease of medical fee, group psychotherapy or time-limited therapy would be settled down as low-expense and high-efficiency therapeutic modalities that were as equally effective as individual psychotherapy or long-term therapy

저장온도 0,15 및 30℃에서 계육의 핵산관련물질과 관능성의 사후변화

이지은,정인철,차경숙,김명준,문윤희 慶星大學校 1995 論文集 Vol.16 No.3

This study was carried out to investigate changes of nucleotide related compounds and sensory property by freshness index of chicken meat during stored at 0, 15 and 30℃. In case of chicken meat stored at 0, 15 and 30℃, ATP+ADP, AMP and IMP was decreased, HxR and Hx was increased gradually. And such situation was higher in high temperature. But the amount of nucleotide related compounds was hard to decide freshness. The result of freshness estimated by sensory score was fresh to 9 days at 0℃, to 3 days at 15℃ and to 18 hours at 30℃ generally.

교정력 부하시기에 따른 교정용 미니 임플란트의 안정성

이승연,차정열,윤태민,박영철 대한치과교정학회 2008 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.38 No.3

본 연구는 미니 임플란트 식립 후 교정력 부하시기와 관련하여 임플란트 주위골의 치유과정을 조사하였다. 성견8마리의 하악 협측골에 교정용 미니 임플란트(ORLUS, Ortholution CO, Korea) 48개를 식립한 후 교정력을 주지 않은 대조군과 식립 후 즉시 교정력을 준 즉시 부하군, 그리고 식립 후 3주간의 치유기간을 두고 교정력을 준 지연 부하군으로 나누어 각각의 군에 대해 3주, 6주, 12주가 경과된 시점에 임플란트 주위골의 변화를 조직 계측학적으로 관찰하였다. 골 접촉률은 즉시 부하군에서 시기에 따른 유의한 변화가 없었으며 지연 부하군은 3주에 비해 12주에서 유의하게 증가하였다 (p < 0.05). 각 시점에서 군 간의 골 접촉률을 비교했을 때 12주째 지연 부하군이 즉시 부하군보다 유의하게 높았다 (p < 0.05). 골 면적비율은 즉시 부하군의 경우, 시기에 따른 유의한 변화가 없었으며, 지연 부하군과 대조군은 6주에 비해 12주째 유의한 증가를 보였으며 (p < 0.05), 12주째 실험군 간에 유의한 차이는 관찰되지 않았다 (p > 0.05). 동요도는 12주째 즉시 부하군과 지연 부하군 간에 유의한 차이는 없었다 (p > 0.05). 위의 결과에서 즉시 부하가 self drilling형 미니 임플란트 주위골의 안정성에 부정적인 영향을 주지 않았으므로 식립 즉시 교정력을 부여하여 사용하는 데 임상적으로 문제가 없을 것으로 판단된다. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the stability of mini-implants in relation to loading time. Methods: A total of 48 mini-implants (ORLUS, Ortholution, Korea) were placed into the buccal alveolar bone of the mandible in 8 male beagle dogs. Orthodontic force (200 - 250 gm) was applied immediately for the immediate loading group while force application was delayed for 3 weeks in the delayed loading group. For the subsequent loading periods (3, 6, 12 weeks), BIC (bone implant contact) and BV/TV (bone volume/total volume) and mobility test were carried out. Results: The immediate loading group showed no changes in BIC from 3 to 12 weeks, while the delayed loading group showed a significant increase in BIC between 3 and 12 weeks (p < 0.05). The BV/TV of the delayed loading group significantly increased from 6 to 12 weeks of loading (p < 0.05), while the BV/TV of the immediate loading group decreased from 3 to 12 weeks of loading. However, there was no significant difference in BV/TV between experimental groups. The mobility of the immediate loading group was not significantly different from that of the delayed loading group after 12 weeks of loading (p < 0.05). Conclusions: These results showed that immediate loading does not have a negative effect on the stability of mini-implants compared to the early loading method in both the clinical and histomorphometric point of view.

오렌지 껍질로부터 분리된 프라보노이드의 화학요법 감작효과

최철익,변익건,차윤정,김선필,민영돈,유진철,송재경 조선대학교 2001 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.26 No.2

Background and Objectives : The overexpression of P-glycoprotein (Pgp) or multidrug resistanceassociated protein (MRP) confers multidrug resistance (MDR) to cancer cells. MDR cells could be sensitized to anticancer drugs when treated concomitantly with a chemosensitizer. In this study, orange peel have been screened for the development of chemosensitizers reversing MDR. Materials and methods : Expression of Pgp in AML-2/WT and AML-2/D100 were determined using western blot analysis and RT-PCR. Candidates for chemosensitizers were isolated, purified from orange peel using sephadex LH-20 column chromatography and silica-gel column chromatography, whose structure was determined using ^1H-NMR, ^13C-NMR, ^1H-^1H-COSY, 13C-NMR, EI-Mass, IR. Chemosensitizing effect of NP-28 on AML-2/DX100 over expressing Pgp and MRP was determined by the MTT assay. Membrane toxicity was evaluated by the RBC hemolysis test. Antioxidant effects were examined by using a fluorescence probe (2’-7’-dichlorofluorescein diacetate). Results : A potent candidate, NP-28, has a flavonoid nucleus with some methoxy moiety. NP-28 is believed to have high therapeutic index, being non-transportable inhibitor and possibly, of inhibiting other efflux pumps such as MRP and antioxidant effects. NP-28 is also unlikely to be a substrate of Pgp. NP-28 did not increase Pgp levels. Conclusion : NP-28 has a Chemosensitizing effect to reverse Pgp-mediated MDR by increasing the intracellular accumulation of drugs. Furthermore, they do not increase expression of Pgp, which can allow a long term use without the concern about Pgp activation. NP-28 is anticipated as an ideal second-generation flavonoid chemosensitizer and/or possibly other therapeutic agents by further investigation.

대학생의 성별, 학년별, 전공별 스트레스에 관한 연구

김보혜,안윤정,정민영,차지영,최경원,김지현,김수지,이자형 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2004 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.38

The purpose of this study was to investigate the level and effect of stress on physical and mental health. Based on that result, we offer the basic research to lessen students' stress and make a program to promote health condition effectively. Subjects were 526 university students. (male: 232(44.1%) female: 294(55.9%). composed of 7 majors: human studies&social science, management, Science&technology, education. law, medicine, entertainment. freshman 108(20.5%), sophomore 140(26.6%) junior 148(28.1%), senior 130(24.7%)) Subjects were filled with 127 questionnaires. T test and ANOVA were used to evaluate each stress levels. The .05 level of significance was the critical for this research. Also used the correlation to know the relation between stress levels and effects. The result of the study were as follows: 1. According to gender, male students got 2.37, female students got 2.46 on the stress level(p=.05). And also the belonging items showed female students got higher stresses than male students. 2. According to grade, the average score of stress level was 2.42. sophomores got the highest stress and freshmen got the lowest stress level. But that was not meaningful difference. freshman and sophomore got higher stress on studying. and except the freshman, all grades got severe stress on employment. 3. According to major, there were differences on university life and surroundings. On university life, the students who majored management got highest stress and the students who majored Education got the least stress. And on surroundings, the students who majored Law got highest stress. 4. According to gender, female students suffered from more stress effects than male students.(male 2.3725 female 2.4657 t:-1.968 p:.050) 5. According to grade, the average score of stress was 2.2285. sophomore got 2.3042 and junior got 2.2148 on stress effects. 6. According to major, The students who major in law got more stress effects caused by family than any other students. The students who major in entertainment and gymnastics got more stress effects than any other students in surroundings. 7. There were significant correlations between the stress level and effects(r.=847, p=.000).

정상 면역 환자에서 천공과 출혈을 동반한 거대세포바이러스 대장염

김선욱,차윤진,김민환,진무년,이중희,박혜정,장수연,이혁 이화여자대학교 의과학연구소 2014 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.37 No.2

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection in immunocompromised patients is associated with significant morbidity, mortality, and adverse clinical outcome. However, CMV infection in immunocompetent patients has been considered to have subclinical and self-limited course, and does not require treatment. We reports a case of CMV colitis, presented with colon perforation and lower gastrointestinal bleeding in a immunocompetent 31-year-old young male. After conservative treatment, colonoscopy revealed multiple ulcers in transverse colon. CMV colitis was confirmed by microscopic findings and immunohistochemistry. After successful treatment with ganciclovir, the patient improved without invasive procedure.

박용 프로펠러 생산 정보 시스템 개발

박재성,김동수,전차수,박정환,주상윤 한국경영과학회 2003 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.1(1)

Developed in this research is a production information system for marine propellers. The paper deals with surface modeling and tool path generation modules of the system. Since the input point data may have some errors, the data is examined using the 2nd divided difference. The point data is interpolated to a G2 chord-length spline surface with some end-conditions. The effects of the various end-conditions on the interpolated surface are discussed in the paper. The tool paths for blade, fillet, and boss of the propeller are generated. Some illustrative examples from an industry are presented.