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Evolution of plant Ash1 SET genes: structural divergence and functional differentiation
Xinyu Zhu,Baohua Wang,Xianzhao Kan,Caoyi Chen,Chunmei Yu 한국유전학회 2013 Genes & Genomics Vol.35 No.4
Plant Ash1 SET proteins are involved in H3K36methylation, and play a key role in plant reproductive development. Genes encoding Ash1 SET proteins constitute a multigene family in which the copy number varies among plant species and functional divergence appears to have occurred repeatedly. To investigate the evolutionary history and functional differentiation of the Ash1 SET gene family,we made a comprehensive evolutionary analysis of this gene family from eleven major representatives of green plants. A novel deep sister relationship grouping previously resolved II-1 and II-2 orthologous groups was identified. The absence of AWS domain in the group II-2 suggests that the independent losses of AWS domain have occurred during evolution. A diversity of gene structures in plant Ash1 SET gene family have been presented since the divergence of Physcomitrella patens (moss) from the other land plants. A small proportion of codons in SET domain regions were detected to be under positive selection along the branches ancestral to land plant and angiosperms, which may have allowed changes of substrate specificity among different evolutionary groups while maintaining the primary function of SET domains. Our predictive subcellular localization and comparative anatomical meta-expression analyses can assort with the structural divergences of Ash1SET proteins.
Xinyu Yu,Liangtao Xia,Qingqing Jiang,Yupeng Wei,Xiang Wei,Shiyi Cao 대한뇌졸중학회 2020 Journal of stroke Vol.22 No.1
Background and Purpose Patients with aortic disease might have an increased risk of intracranial aneurysm (IA). We conducted this research to assess the prevalence of IA in patients with aortopathy, considering the impact of gender, age, and cardiovascular risk factors. Methods We searched PubMed and Scopus from inception to August 2019 for epidemiological studies reporting the prevalence of IA in patients with aortopathy. Random-effect meta-analyses were performed to calculate the overall prevalence, and the effect of risk factors on the prevalence was also evaluated. Anatomical location of IAs in patients suffered from distinct aortic disease was extracted and further analyzed. Results Thirteen cross-sectional studies involving 4,041 participants were included in this systematic review. We reported an estimated prevalence of 12% (95% confidence interval [CI], 9% to 14%) of IA in patients with aortopathy. The pooled prevalence of IA in patients with bicuspid aortic valve, coarctation of the aorta, aortic aneurysm, and aortic dissection was 8% (95% CI, 6% to 10%), 10% (95% CI, 7% to 14%), 12% (95% CI, 9% to 15%), and 23% (95% CI, 12% to 34%), respectively. Gender (female) and smoking are risk factors related to an increased risk of IA. The anatomical distribution of IAs was heterogeneously between participants with different aortic disease. Conclusions According to current epidemiological evidence, the prevalence of IA in patients with aortic disease is quadrupled compared to that in the general population, which suggests that an early IA screening should be considered among patients with aortic disease for timely diagnosis and treatment of IA.
Xylazole inhibits NO-cGMP pathway in fetal rat nerve cells
Xinyu Wang,Yue Wu,Lin Liu,Hui Bai,Zhiheng Zhang,Mingchao Zhao,Tianwen Ma,Xiaopeng Song,Lina Jia,Liangyu Lv,Yue Yu,Xinyu Xu,Hong Chen,Li Gao 대한수의학회 2022 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.23 No.1
Background: Xylazole (Xyl) is a veterinary anesthetic that is structurally and functionally similar to xylazine. However, the effects of Xyl in vitro remain unknown. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the anesthetic mechanism of Xyl using fetal rat nerve cells treated with Xyl. Methods: Fetal rat nerve cells cultured for seven days were treated with 10, 20, 30, and 40 μg/ mL Xyl for 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min. Variations of amino acid neurotransmitters (AANTs), Nitric oxide-Cyclic GMP (NO-cGMP) signaling pathway, and ATPase were evaluated. Results: Xyl decreased the levels of cGMP and NO in nerve cells. Furthermore, Xyl affected the AANT content and Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity in nerve cells. These findings suggested that Xyl inhibited the NO-cGMP signaling pathway in nerve cells in vitro. Conclusions: This study provided new evidence that the anesthetic and analgesic effects of Xyl are related to the inhibition of the NO-cGMP signaling pathway.
Giant Zeeman splitting in nucleation-controlled doped CdSe:Mn<sup>2+</sup> quantum nanoribbons
Yu, Jung Ho,Liu, Xinyu,Kweon, Kyoung Eun,Joo, Jin,Park, Jiwon,Ko, Kyung-Tae,Lee, Dong Won,Shen, Shaoping,Tivakornsasithorn, Kritsanu,Son, Jae Sung,Park, Jae-Hoon,Kim, Young-Woon,Hwang, Gyeong S.,Dobro Nature Publishing Group 2010 Nature Materials Vol.9 No.1
Doping of semiconductor nanocrystals by transition-metal ions has attracted tremendous attention owing to their nanoscale spintronic applications. Such doping is, however, difficult to achieve in low-dimensional strongly quantum confined nanostructures by conventional growth procedures. Here we demonstrate that the incorporation of manganese ions up to 10% into CdSe quantum nanoribbons can be readily achieved by a nucleation-controlled doping process. The cation-exchange reaction of (CdSe)<SUB>13</SUB> clusters with Mn<SUP>2+</SUP> ions governs the Mn<SUP>2+</SUP> incorporation during the nucleation stage. This highly efficient Mn<SUP>2+</SUP> doping of the CdSe quantum nanoribbons results in giant exciton Zeeman splitting with an effective g-factor of ∼600, the largest value seen so far in diluted magnetic semiconductor nanocrystals. Furthermore, the sign of the s–d exchange is inverted to negative owing to the exceptionally strong quantum confinement in our nanoribbons. The nucleation-controlled doping strategy demonstrated here thus opens the possibility of doping various strongly quantum confined nanocrystals for diverse applications.
Leaky Gut in IBD: Intestinal Barrier–Gut Microbiota Interaction
Yu Shunying,Sun Yibin,Shao Xinyu,Zhou Yuqing,Yu Yang,Kuai Xiaoyi,Zhou Chunli 한국미생물·생명공학회 2022 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.32 No.7
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a global disease that is in increasing incidence. The gut, which contains the largest amount of lymphoid tissue in the human body, as well as a wide range of nervous system components, is integral in ensuring intestinal homeostasis and function. By interacting with gut microbiota, immune cells, and the enteric nervous system, the intestinal barrier, which is a solid barrier, protects the intestinal tract from the external environment, thereby maintaining homeostasis throughout the body. Destruction of the intestinal barrier is referred to as developing a “leaky gut,” which causes a series of changes relating to the occurrence of IBD. Changes in the interactions between the intestinal barrier and gut microbiota are particularly crucial in the development of IBD. Exploring the leaky gut and its interaction with the gut microbiota, immune cells, and the neuroimmune system may help further explain the pathogenesis of IBD and provide potential therapeutic methods for future use.
Yizhen Yu,Bingzhi Li,Yinsha Wei,Xinyue Ren,Fengsai Bie,Yang Xu,Ri Qiu,Xiaoguang Li,Yibo Ouyang 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.118 No.-
In the harsh environment, the corrosion of Cu leads to the failure of pipelines, condenser, printed circuitboard and so forth. Thus, protecting Cu from corrosion is critically important from both science and engineeringbackgrounds. In this report, the hierarchical structure compositing dendritic Cu and ZIF-67 is preparedonto Cu by a two-step electrodeposition protocol. After thiol modification and oil infusion, bioinspiredsuperhydrophobic surface (SHS) and slippery liquid-infused porous surface (SLIPS) is respectivelyachieved, and sophisticated techniques are used for characterizing chemical composition, morphology,topology and wettability. Scanning Kelvin probe is employed to know the surface potentialdistribution before and after the biomimetic transformation. Using different electrochemical approaches,the corrosion inhibition effect is elucidated. In 3.5 wt% NaCl corrosive medium, |Z|0.01Hz of SLIPS is as highas 1.35 108 Xcm2 at the initial immersion stage. The value is remarkably enhanced compared with SHS(6.76 104 Xcm2) and bare Cu (8.74 103 Xcm2). After soaking for 168 h, |Z|0.01Hz value of SHS andSLIPS is 3.84 104 Xcm2 and 4.93 106 Xcm2, illustrating that SLIPS has high resistance to protectCu from corrosion.