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      • A Usability Test for Dr. Liver, a 3D Virtual Liver Surgical Planning System

        Xiaopeng Yang,Younggeun Choi,Wonsup Lee,Baojian Wang,Jaedo Yang,Hongpil Hwang,Ji Hyun Kim,Jisoo Song,Hee Chul Yu,Baik Hwan Cho,Heecheon You 대한인간공학회 2013 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2013 No.5

        A usability test was performed for a 3D virtual liver surgical planning system, named Dr. Liver. The system consists of five modules including (1) (1) Liver Extraction, (2) Vessel Extraction, (3) Tumor Extraction, (4) Liver Segmentation, and (5) Liver Surgery Planning. Various performance and preference measures were applied and opinions of the participants regarding likes, dislikes, and suggestions were collected. Three medical doctors participated in the usability test, consisting of five test modules. The system received a high score of satisfaction (mean = 6.5, S.D. = 0.8) as measured using a 7-point Likert scale throughout the five test modules. Based on the evaluation results, recommendations were made for better usability of the system. The present study would help practitioners to evaluate the usability of a system and identify potential usability problems in a systematic manner.

      • In situ directional formation of Co@CoO<sub>x</sub>-embedded 1D carbon nanotubes as an efficient oxygen electrocatalyst for ultra-high rate Zn–air batteries

        Lin, Chao,Shinde, Sambhaji S.,Jiang, Zheng,Song, Xiaokai,Sun, Yu,Guo, Linli,Zhang, Hao,Jung, Jin-Young,Li, Xiaopeng,Lee, Jung-Ho The Royal Society of Chemistry 2017 Journal of materials chemistry. A, Materials for e Vol.5 No.27

        <▼1><P>A “three birds one stone” strategy for preparing 1D N-doped porous carbon nanotubes embedded with Co@CoOx nanoparticles results in the unprecedentedly high-rate Zn–air batteries.</P></▼1><▼2><P>In this work, we demonstrate a “three birds one stone” strategy for preparing 1D N-doped porous carbon nanotubes embedded with core–shell Co@CoOx nanoparticles (Co@CoOx/NCNTs) from bimetallic ZnO@Zn/Co-ZIF nanowires. The ZnO nanowires played three roles: (i) ZnO acted as a template for 1D metal–organic framework (MOF) growth, (ii) <I>in situ</I> evaporation of Zn during pyrolysis prevented the aggregation of the carbon framework and benefited the formation of hierarchical pores, and (iii) the excess oxygen species released from ZnO <I>in situ</I> reacted with metallic cobalt nanoparticles during pyrolysis, leading to the configuration of a Co@CoOx core–shell structure. The as-prepared 1D Co@CoOx/NCNTs exhibited excellent oxygen reduction reaction performance, including a high kinetic current (4.6 times better compared to 20 wt% Pt/C at 0.7 V), a low Tafel slope of 80 mV dec<SUP>−1</SUP>, outstanding stability, and strong tolerance to CH3OH crossover. The assembled Zn–air batteries with Co@CoOx/NCNTs yielded high open-circuit voltage (1.52 V), superior stability (over 100 h of operation), and unprecedented rate performance that ranged from 1 to 500 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>, while existing batteries have never achieved a galvanostatic discharge current density larger than 300 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>. Such exceptional rate capability was ascribed to the formation of a uniform interconnected nanotube network, facilitated electron transport, and an enlarged electrochemically accessible surface area in the unique 1D porous tubular structure.</P></▼2>

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        Risk Factors for Cognitive Impairment in High-Grade Glioma Patients Treated with Postoperative Radiochemotherapy

        Qiang Wang,Fengxia Xiao,Fei Qi,Xiaopeng Song,Yonghua Yu 대한암학회 2020 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.52 No.2

        Purpose Fractionated radiotherapy as well as concomitant and adjuvant chemotherapy such as temozolomide for postoperative high-grade glioma (HGG) patients improves progressionfree survival and overall survival. Multiple factors such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy, tumor grade, residual tumor volume, and genetic modifications might play a role in the formation of cognitive impairment. The risk factors of cognitive impairment in postoperative patients with HGG receiving radiotherapy and chemotherapy remains a concern in this population. The purpose of this study was to identify risk factors for cognitive impairment in patients of postoperative HGG. Materials and Methods A total of 229 patients with HGG who underwent surgery were analyzed. Cognitive impairment was defined as a decrease of Cognitive Assessment Montreal (MoCA)’s score in at least two cognitive domains or any MoCA’s score of less than 26 points at the time of study compared with baseline level. Multiple potential risk factors including methylated status of the O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter, glioma World Health Organization (WHO) grade, residual tumor volume, education, and sex were analyzed. Cox univariate and multivariate regression analysis was used to detect the significant risk factors for cognitive impairment. Results At the end of follow-up among the 229 patients, 147 patients (67%) developed cognitive impairment. 82 patients (36%) remained in normal cognitive condition. In multivariate analysis, unmethylated MGMT promoter (hazard ratio [HR], 1.679; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.212 to 2.326; p=0.002), glioblastoma (HR, 1.550; 95% CI, 1.117 to 2.149; p=0.009), and residual tumor volume > 5.58 cm3 (HR, 1.454; 95% CI, 1.047 to 2.020; p=0.026) were independent risk factors for cognitive impairment. Conclusion Methylated status of the MGMT promoter, glioma WHO grade, and residual tumor volume might be risk factors for the cognitive impairment in postoperative patients with HGG.

      • KCI등재

        Xylazole inhibits NO-cGMP pathway in fetal rat nerve cells

        Xinyu Wang,Yue Wu,Lin Liu,Hui Bai,Zhiheng Zhang,Mingchao Zhao,Tianwen Ma,Xiaopeng Song,Lina Jia,Liangyu Lv,Yue Yu,Xinyu Xu,Hong Chen,Li Gao 대한수의학회 2022 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.23 No.1

        Background: Xylazole (Xyl) is a veterinary anesthetic that is structurally and functionally similar to xylazine. However, the effects of Xyl in vitro remain unknown. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the anesthetic mechanism of Xyl using fetal rat nerve cells treated with Xyl. Methods: Fetal rat nerve cells cultured for seven days were treated with 10, 20, 30, and 40 μg/ mL Xyl for 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min. Variations of amino acid neurotransmitters (AANTs), Nitric oxide-Cyclic GMP (NO-cGMP) signaling pathway, and ATPase were evaluated. Results: Xyl decreased the levels of cGMP and NO in nerve cells. Furthermore, Xyl affected the AANT content and Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity in nerve cells. These findings suggested that Xyl inhibited the NO-cGMP signaling pathway in nerve cells in vitro. Conclusions: This study provided new evidence that the anesthetic and analgesic effects of Xyl are related to the inhibition of the NO-cGMP signaling pathway.

      • Detection of pH-induced aggregation of 'smart' gold nanoparticles with photothermal optical coherence tomography.

        Xiao, Peng,Li, Qingyun,Joo, Yongjoon,Nam, Jutaek,Hwang, Sekyu,Song, Jaejung,Kim, Sungjee,Joo, Chulmin,Kim, Ki Hean Optical Society of America 2013 Optics letters Vol.38 No.21

        <P>We report the feasibility of a novel contrast agent, namely 'smart' gold nanoparticles (AuNPs), in the detection of cancer cells with photothermal optical coherence tomography (PT-OCT). 'Smart' AuNPs form aggregation in low pH condition, which is typical for cancer cells, and this aggregation results in a shift of their absorption spectrum. A PT-OCT system was developed to detect this pH-induced aggregation by combining an OCT light source and a laser with 660 nm in wavelength for photothermal excitation. Optical detection of pH-induced aggregation was tested with solution samples at two different pH conditions. An increase in optical path length (OPL) variation was measured at mild acidic condition, while there was not much change at neutral condition. Detection of cancer cells was tested with cultured cell samples. HeLa and fibroblast cells, as cancer and normal cells respectively, were incubated with 'smart' gold nanoparticles and measured with PT-OCT. An elevated OPL variation signal was detected with the HeLa cells while not much of a signal was detected with the fibroblast cells. With the novel optical property of 'smart' AuNPs and high sensitivity of PT-OCT, this technique is promising for cancer cell detection.</P>

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