Xylazole inhibits NO-cGMP pathway in fetal rat nerve cells

Xinyu Wang,Yue Wu,Lin Liu,Hui Bai,Zhiheng Zhang,Mingchao Zhao,Tianwen Ma,Xiaopeng Song,Lina Jia,Liangyu Lv,Yue Yu,Xinyu Xu,Hong Chen,Li Gao 대한수의학회 2022 Journal of Veterinary Science Vol.23 No.1

Background: Xylazole (Xyl) is a veterinary anesthetic that is structurally and functionally similar to xylazine. However, the effects of Xyl in vitro remain unknown. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the anesthetic mechanism of Xyl using fetal rat nerve cells treated with Xyl. Methods: Fetal rat nerve cells cultured for seven days were treated with 10, 20, 30, and 40 μg/ mL Xyl for 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min. Variations of amino acid neurotransmitters (AANTs), Nitric oxide-Cyclic GMP (NO-cGMP) signaling pathway, and ATPase were evaluated. Results: Xyl decreased the levels of cGMP and NO in nerve cells. Furthermore, Xyl affected the AANT content and Na+-K+-ATPase and Ca2+-Mg2+-ATPase activity in nerve cells. These findings suggested that Xyl inhibited the NO-cGMP signaling pathway in nerve cells in vitro. Conclusions: This study provided new evidence that the anesthetic and analgesic effects of Xyl are related to the inhibition of the NO-cGMP signaling pathway.

Vortex-Induced Vibration Characteristics and Equivalent Static Force Calculation Method of Circular Steel Hangers on Arch Bridge

Xinyu Xu,Yingliang Wang,Xingyu Chen,Xiaolong Zheng,Yongping Zeng 대한토목학회 2020 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.24 No.4

In order to study the vortex-induced vibration (VIV) characteristics and equivalent static force calculation method of circular steel hangers on the arch bridge, a numerical simulation model of VIV was established using FLUENT software, and the reliability of the model was verified by wind tunnel tests. Effects of wind speed, damping ratio, initial tension and slenderness ratio on the VIV characteristics of circular steel hanger were investigated. Furthermore, the equivalent static force calculation formula and loading range of hanger considering VIV were presented. The results show that with the hanger’s damping ratio decreasing, the maximum amplitude and the lock-in wind speed range increases gradually, while the wind speed and frequency of VIV at the maximum amplitude were not significantly affected. As the initial tension increases or the slenderness ratio decreases, the frequency of VIV increases, and the wind speed corresponding to the maximum amplitude increases, however the maximum vibration amplitude has few changes. Based on a number of numerical analyses on VIV characteristics of hangers, the equivalent static force calculation method is put forward. The equivalent static force calculation method could provide a reference for the design and static analysis of the circular steel hangers.

Nanoparticle-free, Fluorine-free, and Robust Superhydrophobic Cotton Fabric Fabricated Using a Combination of Etching Method and Mist Polymerization Technology

Qingbo Xu,Xinyu Wang,Wei Xu,Yanyan Zhang,Zhenzhen Xu 한국섬유공학회 2022 Fibers and polymers Vol.23 No.6

Immobilizing inorganic or organic particles on cotton fabric to increase the surface roughness, followed by coatingwith low surface reagents to reduce the surface energy, are the dominant strategies to prepare the superhydrophobic cottonsurface. However, the inorganic or organic particles can easily fall off the surface of the fabrics. Thus, the surface roughnessof the fabric could be reduced during the process, resulting in the poor durability of the superhydrophobic fabric. In this work,the surface of the cotton fabric was etched by cellulase. Following this, the treated fabric was grafted using a diblockcopolymer (poly[(methyl methacrylate)-b-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)] (PMMA-b-PDMAEMA)), which was synthesizedfollowing the reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization process. The mist polymerizationtechnology was used for the process. The coatings successfully endowed the cotton fabric with superhydrophobic properties. The maximum WCA value recorded was 159.9 °. The treated fabric exhibited excellent mechanical and chemical stability. Moreover, the modified cotton sample also exhibited good self-cleaning effects in the presence of solid dust and liquidcontaminants. It also exhibited excellent oil-water separation properties. Therefore, the superhydrophobic fabric preparedusing a combination of the etching method and mist polymerization technology can find its potential application in home andindustrial areas.

Preparation and performance of non-sintered lightweight aggregates derived from textile sludge and coal fly ash

Yueqing Xu,Xinyu Wu,Houhu Zhang,Qingya Zhang,Yifan Xu 대한환경공학회 2023 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.29 No.3

The feasibility of preparing non-sintered lightweight aggregate using textile sludge and coal fly ash as the main raw materials was investigated. Extensive experiments were conducted to analyze the effects of different coal fly ash/sludge ratio, sodium silicate addition and curing time on the performance of non-sintered lightweight aggregates (NSLWAs). The optimal preparation parameters were determined as follows: coal fly ash/cement ratio of 2.2, textile sludge addition of 20%, sodium silicate addition of 10%, and curing time of 28 days. Under these optimal preparation conditions, the cylindrical compressive strength of NSLWAs was relatively high. The test results of Zn leaching toxicity test and S content all met the relevant standards and environmental safety requirements. NSLWA has a dense internal structure with uniformly distributed grains. By analyzing the hydration reaction mechanism during the NSLWAs preparation, it can be obtained that part of Zn<SUP>2+</SUP> was stabilized by conversion into insoluble Ca(Zn(OH)₃)₂・2H₂O, while the remaining part was solidified and stabilized through encapsulation and adsorption of hydration products. Furthermore, it was discovered that pozzolanic admixtures played a crucial role in the hydration and hardening process of NSLWAs, and the presence of C-S-H gel and Mullite contributed to the increase in cylinder compressive strength of NSLWAs.

Zn-MOF loading Cu2O cube to construct hierarchical solid cage to improve photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

Jing Xu,Zezhong Li,Zhenlu Liu,Shengming Xu,Xinyu Liu 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.126 No.-

A novel composite is constructed by loading ZIF-8 on Cu2O by in situ growth. By visible light driven semiconductorand p-p* conjugation effect of the metal–organic framework, the migration ability of photogeneratedcarriers is improved, and electrons are accumulated to participate in hydrogen ionreduction. The superior hydrogen evolution performance (981.8 lmolg1h1) and stability test indicatethat the coupling of ZIF-8 and semiconductor Cu2O successfully improves the catalytic capacity of thematerial. Cu2O provides a place to stimulate activity for ZIF-8 with high specific surface area. The electrontransfer mechanism in composites is studied by electrochemical and spectroscopy methods. This workalso provides a new opportunity for the in-situ growth of metal–organic frame materials onto singlemetaloxides.

Design and Analysis of the Interior Permanent-Magnet Machine Considering Slot-pole Combination and Rotor Topology

Haoen Xu,Jin Huang,Xinyu Xu,Junqiang Zheng 한국자기학회 2023 Journal of Magnetics Vol.28 No.3

This paper presents how to select the proper slot and pole combination (SPC) and reasonable rotor topologies for an interior permanent-magnet (IPM) machine. Firstly, the selection principle of SPC is reported, and some electromagnet performances, including winding factor, stator space magneto-motive force (MMF) harmonics, radial force harmonics, and cogging torque, are analyzed and compared. Secondly, four PM rotor topologies are designed and discussed, including surface permanent-magnet (SPM), spoke type, V-shape, and multi-layer reluctance (MR) type. Their performances, such as back-EMFs, torque, and ripple and flux-weakening capability, are thoroughly analyzed and compared by the finite-element method (FEM). Finally, a 27-slot and 8-pole V-shape IPM machine is selected and designed optimally, which offers high power/torque density, high efficiency, and less torque ripple. In order to ensure the reliability of its rotor mechanical strength, the equivalent stress and deformation are analyzed by ANASY. Besides, its d-q axis mathematical model is built to verify its performance further. Then experiments on the prototypes are carried out for validation.

Voltage balance evaluation strategy for DC-port faults in centralized aircraft ground power unit based on three-level neutral point clamped cascaded converter

Peng, Xu,Yu, Le,Gong, Kaiyue,Liu, Xiaohan,Yang, Guolong,Xu, Jiangjun,Zhou, Chao,Gao, Lixia,Zhu, Xinyu The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2021 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.21 No.8

An aircraft ground power unit (GPU) can replace the auxiliary power unit (APU) in an aircraft while the aircraft is parked at an airport. Therefore, the problems associated with the oil consumption and air pollution of the APU are solved. However, the GPU is faced with challenges in terms of utilization, power quality, and fault tolerance. Thus, a novel centralized aircraft GPU based on a three-level neutral point clamped cascaded converter (3LNPC-CC) is introduced in this paper to improve utilization and power quality. Furthermore, an evaluation voltage balance strategy is proposed for the DC-port fault tolerance of the 3LNPC-CC. In addition, both the modulation of the phase shift pulse width modulation (PSPWM) and the control of the double closed loop are used in the 3LNPC-CC. A simulation platform including the control, modulation, and fault tolerance of the system is established to verify the feasibility and performance of the proposed GPU. In particular, it is used to evaluate the voltage balance strategy for DC-port faults. Moreover, a prototype of the GPU and relevant experiments are completed to verify the correctness and feasibility of the system and the strategy.

Capacitors Energy Strategy Based Cascaded H-Bridge Converter for DC Port Failures

Xu Peng,Xiaohan Liu,Guolong Yang,Xijun Liu,Lixia Gao,Xinyu Zhu 전력전자학회 2019 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.19 No.5

In this paper, a capacitors energy strategy based Cascaded H-bridge Converter (CHBC) for steady DC link voltage is proposed, which allow the CHBC to work while DC power fails. The topology of the CHBC is analyzed to construct the proposed strategy. The capacitors energy strategy is deduced based on the principle that the DC link voltage should be steady, the switch state should be smooth and the switch frequency should be normal. Experiments based on a three-module prototype, including static experiment, start experiment and step change experiment, proves the correctness of the strategy. They also verified the excellent fault tolerance ability and good dynamic performance of the proposed strategy.

Distribution characteristics of fungal communities with depth in paddy fields of three soil types in China

Xu Li,Huanhuan Wang,Xiang Li,Xinyu Li,Huiwen Zhang 한국미생물학회 2020 The journal of microbiology Vol.58 No.4

Little is known about the distribution of fungal communities with soil depth on relatively large scales. In this study, typical paddy soils in three regions (Hailun, Changshu, and Yingtan) from north to south China were selected to investigate the vertical distribution (0-100 cm) of the fungal community by Illumina MiSeq sequencing, and to identify the main factors influencing the fungal community distribution. The results indicated that the structure of the soil fungal community changed significantly with region and soil depth. Soil fungal taxa such as Zygomycota, Glomeromycota, Saccharomycete, Kazachstania, Mortierella, Massariosphaeria, Hypholoma, and Zopfiella were enriched at depths of 0–20 cm, whereas Dothideomycetes, Microbotryomycetes, Tremellomycetes, Sporobolomyces, Cryptococcus, Rhodotorula, Fusarium, and Pyrenochaetopsis had high relative abundances at 80–100 cm. Variance partitioning analysis indicated that the geographic distance contributed more to the fungal community variation than environmental variables on a large scale. In addition, soil total carbon and nitrogen contents were the main environmental factors driving the vertical distribution of the fungal community in paddy soils.

Negative sequence control for DC voltage balancing in three‑phase cascaded H‑bridge rectifiers considering DC‑port failures

Xinyu Zhu,Xiao Liang,Kaiyue Gong,Xu Peng,Jun Cai,Xiaohan Liu,Chao Zhou,Siqi An,Chao Wu,Pengcheng Han 전력전자학회 2022 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.22 No.12

As a vital component of power electronic transformers (PET), the reliability of a cascaded H-bridge rectifier (CHBR) is essential. Therefore, in this paper, a DC-port voltage balance strategy considering DC-port failure is researched to ensure the stable operation of a CHBR. However, if the DC-port voltage balance strategy is adopted to realize the single-phase balance of a CHBR, the three-phase currents become unbalanced. This paper uses a negative sequence control (NSC) strategy that is conducive to balancing DC-port voltage to achieve three-phase current balance. For the DC-port voltage balance, the matrix generation modulation (MGM) algorithm is proposed. In addition, the DC-port voltage balance boundary is analyzed to determine the range of the DC-port voltage balance in the CHBR. A 3-module cascading topology is adopted to demonstrate the MGM algorithm and the NSC strategy. Through experiments, results show the correctness and feasibility of the proposed strategy.