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이지은,장혜경,오지영,유윤경,김현지,임숙인,연숙희,강진숙,최귀령 한국병원약사회 2003 병원약사회지 Vol.20 No.1
In an aging society, there is an increasing possibility of the duplication of the drugs given to patients because they take many kinds of drugs. Among the prescriptions given to the patients who was treated at multiple ambulatory clinics in St. Mary's hospital for one month of September, 2002, in which drugs that has identical or similar effects are prescribed, we analysed and evaluated them by patients' characteristics, kinds of medication, severity of side effects on a case by case basis. More, we assessed the potential additional costs. As a result of this study, the duplication rate turned out to be 6.69% and it was shown that the proportion of the elderly patients over 60 was high. The gastro-intestinal medications took up a large part and most of the cases showed that the danger caused by double taking of medicine was slight, but there were some examples in which the serious side effects were predicted. Expected additional costs were the average 11.349 won and it ranges from the minimum of 56 won to the maximum of 135,720 won. In conclusion, the management of drug histories of the patients who need the plural treatments is very important and the necessity of the individual and professional guidance of taking medicines for the elderly patients is emerged, too.
OB-05 : Pregnancy outcome after kidney transplantation ; A single center experience
( Jin Young Min ),( You Jin Lim ),( Hye Sung Won ),( Pil Ryang Lee ),( Ahm Kim ),( Jae Yoon Shim ) 대한산부인과학회 2012 대한산부인과학회 학술대회 Vol.99 No.-
Chronic renal failure leads to amenorrhea and failure of pregnancy. Pregnancy after kidney transplantation is feasible but its complications are relatively common. The aim of this report is to examine the outcome of pregnancies after kidney transplantation. We conducted a retrospective study of pregnancy after kidney transplantation in our institution from 2006 to 2012. Population characteristics, complications during pregnancy and delivery and neonatal outcomes were assessed. Thirty two patients after kidney transplantation delivered thirty five babies. Three patients delivered a baby twice. One case was twin pregnancy. The average maternal age at delivery was 32±3.18 years. The average interval between kidney transplantation and delivery was 65 month (23-165 month). Maternal complications were preeclampsia (n=9, 26%), gestational diabetes mellitus (n=2, 6%), preterm labor treatment (n=5, 14%), preterm premature rupture of membrane (n=5, 14%). One patient was treated for active tuberculosis during 1st trimester. In 24 pregnancies (68%), deliveries were performed by cesarean section. The average gestational age was 35.6±3.08 weeks and the mean birth weight was 2627.5±675.3g. The fetal complication included growth restriction and preterm birth. Birth weight less than ten percentile was in only two cases (6%). 15 pregnancies (43%) was preterm birth (<37 weeks) and four pregnancies was extremely preterm birth (<32 weeks). NICU admission rate was 25%. The median maternal serum creatinine before pregnancy was 1.03±0.2mg/dL and serum creatinine level was increased in six pregnancies. After delivery, serum creatinine level was normalized in five cases and consistent in only one case. There was no acute rejection. One patient restarted hemodialysis because of chronic rejection three years after delivery and expired two years later, as a result of hepatitis and sepsis. Pregnancy did not seem to adversely affect graft survival among our KT recipients. Pregnancies in KT patients should be considered high-risk because of the greater rates of maternal and perinatal complication. This study provides data for counseling parents regarding pregnancy and perinatal outcome after kidney transplantation
Lim, Sang-Kyun,Hong, Eun-Pyo,Song, You-Hyun,Choi, Hyoung Jin,Chin, In-Joo WILEY-VCH Verlag 2010 Macromolecular Materials & Engineering Vol.295 No.4
<P>We report a ternary system of poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (SAN), poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), and multi-walled carbon nanotube (MWCNT) composites prepared by both a solution blending method and the SOAM. The MWCNT content in the composites was optimized by both TGA and mechanical characterization of binary mixtures of SAN/MWCNT and PVC/MWCNT composites. The dispersion of MWCNTs in the miscible SAN/PVC blends was characterized by FT-Raman spectroscopy, FE-SEM, and FE-TEM. The distribution of MWCNTs in the SAN/PVC blends was examined in terms of their wetting coefficients and minimization of the interfacial energy. Composites prepared using the SOAM method showed superior physical properties to the SAN/PVC blends and SAN/PVC/MWCNT composites prepared using the solution blending method.</P><P> <img src='wiley_img_2010/14387492-2010-295-4-MAME200900280-gra001.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/14387492-2010-295-4-MAME200900280-gra001'> </P> <B>Graphic Abstract</B> <P>The SOAM method is effective in providing a high degree of homogeneous dispersion of MWCNTs in the SAN/PVC matrix. The formation of the composite was characterized by FT-Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM) and field emission transmission scanning electron microscope (FE-TEM). Furthermore, the distribution of MWCNTs in the SAN/PVC blends was examined in terms of their wetting coefficients and minimization of the interfacial energy. <img src='wiley_img_2010/14387492-2010-295-4-MAME200900280-content.gif' alt='wiley_img_2010/14387492-2010-295-4-MAME200900280-content'> </P>
Lim, An Suk,Jeong, Hae Jin,You, Ji Hyun,Park, Sang Ah The Korean Society of Phycology 2020 ALGAE Vol.35 No.3
Omega-3 fatty acids, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are polyunsaturated fatty acids beneficial to human health. A limited number of microalgae have been used for commercial omega-3 production, which necessitates the identification of new microalgae with high omega-3 contents. We explored the fatty acid composition and EPA and DHA contents of the mixotrophic dinoflagellate Gymnodinium smaydae fed with the optimal algal prey species Heterocapsa rotundata. Cells of G. smaydae were found to be rich in omega-3 fatty acids. In particular, the DHA content of G. smaydae was 21 mg g<sup>-1</sup> dry weight, accounting for 43% of the total fatty acid content. The percentage of DHA in the total fatty acid content of G. smaydae was the highest among the reported microalgae except for Crypthecodinium cohnii. Moreover, to determine if the prey supply interval affected the growth rate of G. smaydae and its fatty acid content, three different prey supply intervals (daily, once every 2 d, and once for 4 d) were tested. Daily prey supply yielded the highest total fatty acid and DHA contents in G. smaydae. Furthermore, we successfully produced high-density G. smaydae cultures semi-continuously for 43 d with daily prey supply. During the semi-continuous cultivation period, the highest density of G. smaydae was 57,000 cells mL<sup>-1</sup>, with an average growth rate of 0.7 d<sup>-1</sup>. Taken together, the percentage of EPA and DHA in the total fatty acid content was maintained in the range of 54.2-56.9%. The results of this study support G. smaydae as a promising microalgal candidate for commercial DHA production and demonstrate that daily supply of prey can efficiently produce high-density G. smaydae cultures for more than a month.
Potential Application of Cells from htPA Transgenic Pig's Somatic Cells
You-Mi Jo,Kyung-Woon Kim,Deug-Woo Han,Byong-Chul Yang,Dong-Kyo Kim,Eun-Ju Chung,Myoung-Seob Choi,Ji-Hyun Lim,Mi-Yun Oh,Su-Jin Jo,Jin-Ki Park,Won-Kyong Chang,Hak-Jae Chung 한국동물생명공학회(구 한국동물번식학회) 2012 발생공학 국제심포지엄 및 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.1
You Lim Kim,Suk Min Lee,Hyun-Soo Lee,Juyeong Song,Si-On Song,Min-Ji Seol,Yu-Mi Jang,Jin-Sik Im,Ji-Woo Im 물리치료재활과학회 2018 Physical therapy rehabilitation science Vol.7 No.3
Objective: The objective of this study was to describe the influence of smartphone usage on the upper limb muscles while in stable and unstable positions and during gait. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The study was conducted with 20 right-handed university students between 20 and 27 years of age. Experiments were carried out on students who have used cell phones for more than a year. In this study, experiments were performed with one-handed and two-handed smartphone operations while on stable ground, and the same parameters were measured during smartphone use on unstable ground and during gait. Subjects were instructed to write a text message in Korean on the smartphone for 3 minutes. This was repeated 3 times, with a rest period of 10 seconds given between each 3-minute period. Electromyography was used to record the muscle activity of the upper trapezius, extensor carpi radialis, extensor pollicis longus, and abductor pollicis (AP) during phone operation. Results: The muscle activity value for the right AP in one-handed and the left-AP in two-handed operations was statistically higher than the other muscles in the stable position and during gait (p<0.0001). Also, the right AP in the one- handed operation condition was statistically higher than the two-handed condition (p<0.0001). Conclusions: The use of smartphones while in a stable position resulted in high muscle activity of the right upper limb AP. However, in an unstable position, there were no significant differences from the other muscle activities. Using smartphone while assuming various positions may lead to musculoskeletal disorders in different places.
Infection Mechanism of Pathogenic Exduate by Soil-Borne Fungal Pathogens : A Review
Lim, You-Jin,Kim, Hye-Jin,Song, Jin-A,Chung, Doug-Young Korean Society of Soil Science and Fertilizer 2012 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.45 No.4
The processes to determine the composition, dynamics, and activity of infection mechanisms by the rhizosphere microflora have attracted the interest of scientists from multiple disciplines although considerable progress of the infection pathways and plant-pathogen interactions by soil borne fungal pathogens have been made. Soilborne pathogens are confined within a three-dimensional matrix of mineral soil particles, pores, organic matter in various stages of decomposition and a biological component. Among the physical and chemical properties of soils soil texture and matric water potential may be the two most important factors that determine spread exudates by soil borne fungal pathogens, based on the size of the soil pores. Pathogenic invasion of plant roots involves complex molecular mechanisms which occur in the diffuse interface between the root and the soil created by root exudates. The initial infection by soilborne pathogens can be caused by enzymes which breakdown cell wall layers to penetrate the plant cell wall for the fungus. However, the fate and mobility of the exudates are less well understood. Therefore, it needs to develop methods to control disease caused by enzymes produced by the soilborne pathogens by verifying many other possible pathways and mechanisms of infection processes occurring in soils.