Chirality Switching in the Crystallization of 1-(4-Chlorophenyl)ethylamine with Binaphthoic Acid by Ketimine Formation

Ying-Ji Jin,Yun Seo Choi,Qian Chen,Mukesh Eknath Shirbhate,Haofei Huang,김영미,김성진,전무진,Eon Cheol Koo,김관묵 대한화학회 2016 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.37 No.10

Axially chiral binaphthoic acid (BNA) was studied as a resolving agent for a stereoselective crystallization of 1-(4-chlorophenyl)ethylamine (CPEA). The diastereomeric pair of (R)-BNA/(S)-CPEA crystallizes in methylene chloride, on the other hand, the pair of (S)-BNA/(S)-CPEA crystallizes in acetone. The switch of the solubility of the diastereomeric pair is due to the imine formation with acetone. The very low solubility of the BNA/imine pair appears to be responsible for the fast and complete imine formation. The crystal structure of the BNA part in both crystals of the diastereomers maintains a same feature. Asymmetric chiral channels and pockets composed by intermolecular packing of BNA molecules appear in the crystal structures, and the robustness of them seem to contribute to the recognition of the chirality of CPEA with high selectivity.

Synergistic Effects of Leflunomide and Benazepril in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Nephropathy

Jin, Hua,Piao, Shang Guo,Jin, Ji Zhe,Jin, Ying Shun,Cui, Zhen Hua,Jin, Hai Feng,Zheng, Hai Lan,Li, Jin Ji,Jiang, Yu Ji,Yang, Chul Woo,Li, Can S.Karger 2014 The Nephron Journals Vol.126 No.3

<P>Abstract</P><P><B><I>Background:</I></B> Leflunomide (LEF) and benazepril have renoprotective effects on diabetic nephropathy (DN) through their anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic activities. This study investigated whether combined treatment using LEF and benazepril affords superior protection compared with the respective monotherapies. <B><I>Methods:</I></B> Diabetes was induced with streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg/kg) by intraperitoneal injection in male Wistar rats. Two weeks after STZ injection, diabetic rats were treated daily for 12 weeks with LEF (10 mg/kg), benazepril (10 mg/kg), or a combination of both. Basic parameters (body weight, fasting blood glucose level, and 24 h urinary protein excretion), histopathology, inflammatory [inflammatory cell infiltration (ED-1), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), and Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2)] and glomerulosclerotic factors [transforming growth factor-β<SUB>1</SUB> (TGF-β<SUB>1</SUB>) and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF)], and oxidative stress (8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, 8-OHdG) were studied. <B><I>Results:</I></B> Benazepril or LEF treatment significantly prevented body weight loss and 24 h urinary protein excretion induced by diabetes; combined treatment with LEF and benazepril further improved these parameters compared with giving each drug alone (all p < 0.01). Increased expression of inflammatory (MCP-1 and TLR-2) and glomerulosclerotic (TGF-β<SUB>1</SUB> and CTGF) factors in diabetic rat kidney was reduced by treatment with either LEF or benazepril and was further reduced by the combined administration of the two drugs (p < 0.01). These effects were accompanied by suppression of urinary 8-OHdG excretion. There was no significant between-group difference in blood glucose level. <B><I>Conclusions:</I></B> LEF treatment lessens DN, and combined treatment with LEF and benazepril provides synergistic effects in preventing DN.</P><P>© 2014 S. Karger AG, Basel</P>

对韩国留学生的“把”字句教学方法探析

김영실(Jin Ying Shi)(金英实) , 이길연(Li Ji Lian)(李吉莲) 대한중국학회 2016 중국학 Vol.57 No.-

In the teaching of Chinese as a foreign language, Ba-construction is a difficult grammar items. In the study of Chinese ontology, there are quite a few articles on Ba-construction, and the study of Ba-construction in Chinese as a foreign language teaching has also achieved remarkable results. In recent years, more and more attention has been paid to the teaching of Ba-construction and based on contrastive analysis or language acquisition research. The study of Ba-construction is gradually developed from the background of the cross-linguistic to the background of specific native language. The students mother tongue has a great influence on Ba-construction learning. Korean is an Altaic language and Chinese is a Sino-Tibetan language. There is a big difference between the two languages. The deep semantic relations of Chinese language are expressed by superficial syntactic relations of Korean language, and The differences between different semantic types and semantic orientations directly affect its correspondence in Korean language. The Ba-construction with different Semantic type have neat corresponding forms in Korean. However, Korean students try to find the similarity between the sentence pattern and native language in the process of Ba-construction acquisition, so make a lot of error sentences. This paper tries to classify Ba-construction into four categories from the perspective of semantic type and the corresponding characteristics of Korean, and discusses the teaching methods of Ba-construction for korean students. 在对外汉语教学中, “把”字句是一个习得难度较高的语法项目。语言类型即学生的母语背景对“把”字句的习得有显著影响。近年来对“把”字句教学越来越重视基于对比分析和习得研究, “把”字句研究也从泛母语背景者逐渐发展为特定母语背景者在特定学习阶段的习得考察。韩国语属阿尔泰语系, 是黏着语;而汉语属汉藏语系, 是孤立语, 两者差别较大。韩国语把汉语的深层语义关系用表层句法关系来表达, 不同语义类型及语义指向的差异直接影响它在韩国语中的对应关系。不同语义类型的“把”后宾语在韩国语中存在比较整齐的对应形式。但韩国留学生在“把”字句习得过程中, 努力寻求所学句型与母语相似的模式, 不恰当地类比推理, 形成“把”字句与母语中宾格形式等同的假设, 导致偏误句的出现。本文试从“把”后宾语NP的语义类型及其在韩国语的对应形式将“把”字句分为四类, 并结合各类“把”字句的谓语语义指向及其在韩国语中的表达方式探讨各类“把”字句的教学方法。

採用韓漢雙語敎學, 提高課堂敎學效果

金英姬(Jin, Ying-ji),韓容洙(Han, Yong-su) 한국중국어교육학회 2009 중국어교육과연구 Vol.0 No.9

The purpose of the thesis is that in Lee Myung Bak Government, English friendly education system has been appeared strongly. Native speaker English teachers who are supported by the Ministry of Education are teaching English not only in the middle school, but also in elementary schools. As well professors are required to lecture in English. Then how about Chinese-Class? Do they teach Chinese in English now or in the future? My answer is definitely No. I analysed this matter from outer environment and the Chinese Language itself. In outer influence, the English ability is different and we can't find professors who are able to lecture Chinese in English in Korea. I think that most people agree to learn foreign language in mother language. The final goal of Chinese class is that to learn Chinese itself, not English.

Nicotine exacerbates tacrolimus-induced renal injury by programmed cell death

( Yu Ji Jiang ),( Sheng Cui ),( Kang Luo ),( Jun Ding ),( Qi Yan Nan ),( Shang Guo Piao ),( Mei Ying Xuan ),( Hai Lan Zheng ),( Yong Jie Jin ),( Ji Zhe Jin ),( Jung Pyo Lee ),( Byung Ha Chung ),( Bum 대한내과학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.36 No.6

Background/Aims: Cigarette smoking is an important modifiable risk factor in kidney disease progression. However, the underlying mechanisms for this are lacking. This study aimed to assess whether nicotine (NIC), a major toxic component of cigarette smoking, would exacerbates tacrolimus (TAC)-induced renal in-jury. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were treated daily with NIC, TAC, or both drugs for 4 weeks. The influence of NIC on TAC-caused renal injury was examined via renal function, histopathology, oxidative stress, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, and programmed cell death (apoptosis and autophagy). Results: Both NIC and TAC significantly impaired renal function and histopathology, while combined NIC and TAC treatment aggravated these parameters beyond the effects of either alone. Increased oxidative stress, ER stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokine expressions, and programmed cell death from either NIC or TAC were also aggravated by the two combined. Conclusions: Our observations suggest that NIC exacerbates chronic TAC nephrotoxicity, implying that smoking cessation may be beneficial for transplant smokers taking TAC.

한중 양국의 무역문제와 도전

김영희 ( Ying Ji Jin ) 한중사회과학학회 2006 한중사회과학연구 Vol.8 No.-

본 논문은 한중간 무역이 중국에 끼치는 폐해와 중국의 막대한 무역적자 및 그 원인 그리고 한중 무역관계의 변화추세 등으로부터 한중간 무역에 존재하는 문제와 직면해 있는 도전에 대해 분석해 보았다. 한중간의 무역 추세를 살펴보면 중국의 대한국 수출품은 초급상품, 저부가가치 상품 그리고 노동집약적인 제품들이며, 한국의 대중국 수출품은 상대적으로 기술수준이 높은 고부가가치 제품이었다. 그러나 양국무역에서 점차 경쟁의 정도는 심화되는 추세에 있다. 한중간 무역이 중국에 끼치는 폐해는 중국 수입상품에서 나타나는 ``비교우위의 함정`` 이다. 중국에 막대한 무역적자가 발생하는 주요원인은 양국의 수출입 상품구조, 시장규모, 상품경쟁력, 대외직접투자 및 한국의 중국시장에 대한 의존도 등을 열거 할 수 있다. 그리고 양국의 수출입 상품구조의 변화추세, 주요수출시장과 수출상품의 유사성, 상품기술의 격차, 시장점유 등의 측면에서 봤을 때, 한중간 무역의 상호보완관계는 점차 약해지고 경쟁관계는 강해지고 있음을 알 수 있다. 결론적으로 현재 중국의 대한 무역적자 규모가 매우 큰 것은 양국간 산업구조에서 오는 비교우위의 차이가 아직까지 크기 때문인데, 현재 양국간 산업기술 격차가 점차 줄어들고 있음을 감안하면 이러한 무역의 상호보완관계는 줄어들 것이고 경쟁이 강화될 것으로 예상할 수 있다. 또한 이렇게 되면 중국의 대한 무역적자 폭도 상당히 줄어들 것으로 기대된다.

중국진출 외국기업들의 인적자원 현지화 수준과 기업성과에 관한 연구 -상황이론을 중심으로-

김영희 ( Ying Ji Jin ) 한중사회과학학회 2005 한중사회과학연구 Vol.6 No.-

이 논문에서는 중국에 진출한 외국기업들의 인적자원 현지화 수준과 기업성과간의 관계에 대해 연구하였다. 상황이론을 토대로 이 연구에서는 외국기업들의 인적자원 현지화 수준이 모기업의 글로벌 비즈니스 전략과 투자기업의 자원의존 상황에 적합할 경우 성과가 높을 것이라는 주 가설을 설정하였는데 정성연구와 정량연구에서 이 가설은 대개 지지되었다. 또 이 연구에서는 외국기업들이 높은 성과를 거두기 위해서는 반드시 좋은 인적자원 관리 시스템을 구축해야 한다고 주장하였는데 이 주장도 역시 논문의 실증연구에서 지지되었다. 즉, 중국에 진출한 외국기업들의 좋은 경영성과를 거두기 위해서는 각 기업의 상황에 알맞은 적절한 수준의 인적자원 현지화와 훌륭한 인적자원 관리시스템이 뒷받침되어야 한다는 것이 이 논문의 주요 관점이다.

L-carnitine treatment attenuates renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction

( Hai Yan Zhao ),( Hui Ying Li ),( Jian Jin ),( Ji Zhe Jin ),( Long Ye Zhang ),( Mei Ying Xuan ),( Xue Mei Jin ),( Yu Ji Jiang ),( Hai Lan Zheng ),( Ying Shun Jin ),( Yong Jie Jin ),( Bum Soon Choi ) 대한내과학회 2021 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.36 No.0

Background/Aims: Accumulating evidence indicates that L-carnitine (LC) protects against multiorgan damage through its antioxidant properties and preservation of the mitochondria. Little information is available about the effects of LC on renal fibrosis. This study examined whether LC treatment would provide renoprotection in a rat model of unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) and in vitro. Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats that underwent UUO were treated daily with LC for 7 or 14 days. The influence of LC on renal injury caused by UUO was evaluated by histopathology, and analysis of gene expression, oxidative stress, mitochondrial function, programmed cell death, and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/ AKT/forkhead box protein O 1a (FoxO1a) signaling. In addition, H₂O₂-exposed human kidney cells (HK-2) were treated with LC. Results: LC treatment inhibited expression of proinflammatory and profibrotic cytokines, and was followed by a significant attenuation of tubulointerstitial inflammation and fibrosis. The increased oxidative stress caused by UUO was associated with mitochondrial dysfunction and excessive apoptosis and autophagy via PI3K/AKT/FoxO1a-dependent signaling, and this was abrogated by administration of LC. In H₂O₂-exposed HK-2 cells, LC decreased intracellular production of reactive oxygen species, and suppressed expression of profibrotic cytokines and reduced the number of apoptotic cells. Conclusions: LC protects against the progression of tubulointerstitial fibrosis in an obstructed kidney.

Development and Validation of Web-Based Nomograms to Precisely Predict Survival Outcomes of Non-metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma in an Endemic Area

Ji-Jin Yao,Li Lin,Tian-Sheng Gao,Wang-Jian Zhang,Wayne R. Lawrence,Jun Ma,Ying Sun 대한암학회 2021 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.53 No.3

Purpose This study aimed to develop web-based nomograms to precisely predict survival outcomes in patients with non-metastatic nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) in an endemic area. Materials and Methods A total of 10,126 patients who underwent radical intensity-modulated radiotherapy at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) from 2009 to 2015 were analyzed. We assigned patients into a training cohort (SYSUCC-A, n=6,751) and an internal validation cohort (SYSUCC-B, n=3,375) based on computer-generated random numbers. Patients collected from Wuzhou Red Cross Hospital (WZRCH) between 2012 and 2015 were used as the independent external validation cohort (WZRCH, n=450). Concordance index (C-index) was used to determine predictive accuracy and discriminative ability for the nomogram. The web-based clinicopathologic prediction models for predicting survival were based on Cox regression. Results The C-indexes for SYSUCC-A, SYSUCC-B, and WZRCH cohorts for the established nomograms to predict 3-year overall survival (OS) was 0.736, 0.715, and 0.691. Additionally, C-indexes to predict 3-year distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS) was 0.717, 0.706, and 0.686, disease-free survival (DFS) was 0.713, 0.697, and 0.656, local relapse-free survival was 0.695, 0.684, and 0.652, and regional relapse-free survival was 0.672, 0.650, and 0.616. The calibration plots showed great agreement between nomogram-predicted 3-year survival outcomes and actual 3-year survival outcomes. Moreover, C-indexes of the nomograms for OS, DMFS, and DFS were significantly superior than TNM stage (p < 0.001 for all). Conclusion These user-friendly nomograms can precisely predict survival endpoints in patients with non-metastatic NPC. They may serve as a useful tool for providing patient counseling and help physicians to make individual follow-up plans.

Preparation of Naproxen-Loaded Poly(ethylene oxide-b-methacrylic acid) Micelle and Its pH-dependent Drug Release Behavior

Jin, Geun-Woo,Ji, Xu Ying,Choi, Joon-Sig Korean Chemical Society 2009 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.30 No.4