Predicting postoperative total calcium requirements after parathyroidectomy in secondary hyperparathyroidism

( Byung Heon Kang ),( Soon Young Hwang ),( Jeong Yeop Kim ),( Yu Ah Hong ),( Mi Yeon Jung ),( Eun Ah Lee ),( Ji Eun Lee3 ),( Jae Bok Lee ),( Gang Jee Ko ),( Heui Jung Pyo ),( Young Joo Kwon ) 대한내과학회 2015 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.30 No.6

Background/Aims: To prevent hypocalcemia after parathyroidectomy (PTX), parenteral calcium is required in addition to oral calcitriol and calcium. After switching to oral calcium, patients can be discharged from the hospital. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical characteristics and outcomes of PTX performed at a single Korean center and to investigate the associated laboratory factors used to analyze the total amount of postoperative calcium required. Methods: We enrolled 91 hemodialysis patients undergoing PTX from November 2003 to December 2011. We collected clinical and laboratory data preoperatively, 12 and 48 hours postoperatively, at discharge, and 3 and 6 months postoperatively. Results: In total, 59 patients underwent PTX with autotransplantation (AT), 6 underwent total PTX without AT, 11 underwent subtotal PTX, and 15 underwent limited PTX. Total PTX without AT showed the lowest recurrence rate. At all postoperative time points, the mean levels of serum calcium, phosphorus, and intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) decreased significantly, compared with preoperative levels; however, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) increased significantly from 48 hours postoperatively to discharge (p < 0.001). On multiple linear regression analysis, the total amount of injected calcium during hospitalization showed a significant correlation with preoperative ALP (p < 0.001), preoperative iPTH (p = 0.037), and Δphosphorus at 48 hours (p < 0.001). We developed an equation for estimating the total calcium requirement after PTX. Conclusions: Preoperative ALP, preoperative iPTH, and Δphosphorus at 48 hours may be significant factors in estimating the postoperative calcium requirement. The formula for postoperative calcium requirement after PTX may help to predict the duration of postoperative hospitalization.

유방확대술 후 실리콘 삽입물 파열의 치험례

이정엽,홍인표,심영기,이세일 大韓成形外科學會 1991 Archives of Plastic Surgery Vol.18 No.1

Silicone prosthesis is well known as relatively acceptable material since Cronin had introduced at 1963. But it can't be a perfect material due to complications such as capsular contracture, prosthesis rupture. We experienced wto cases of prosthesis rupture with siliconoma of breast and the one was identified with history of closed capsulotomy and the other without trauma history. With review of the reported cases, we should consider followings 1. Silicone gel prosthesis can be ruptured with closed capsulotomy or without trauma history. 2. Ruptured prosthesis and silicone gel must be removed for prevention of progressive complications as soon as possible prosthesis rupture is noted.

여성 청년층의 학교에서 직업세계로의 이행 실태 분석

이정표 한국직업능력개발원 2004 직업능력개발연구 Vol.7 No.1

The purpose of this paper were to analyse school-to-work transition process of Korean female youth by educational background. To accomplish this purpose, various theoretical approaches about school-to-work transition were examined and supplemented survey results of economically active young population conducting by Korea National Statistical Office in 2003 were analyzed. Generally, Korean youth have difficulties in the school-to-work transition according to the results. Female youth, also, have more difficulties and obstacles in the transition and they have differentiated transition pathways by educational background. It is important to make safety nets for female youth not entry into colleges and actively support to make their transitions work effectively. Young people at risk in terms of sex and educational background need to be given priority in policy and programmes of youth unemployment. 이 글은 우리 나라 청년층이 겪는 학교에서 직업세계로의 이행경로가 성별, 학력별로 어떻게 차별화되고 있는가를 분석하는 데 목적이 있다. 청년층의 이행 실태를 보다 분석적으로 접근하기 위하여 학교에서 직업세계로의 이행에 대한 이론적인 접근을 시도하고, 구체적인 실태 분석을 위하여 통계청에서 2003년 5월에 실시한 '경제활동인구 청년층 부가조사' 자료를 활용하였다. 청년층 부가조사 결과를 통해서 우리 나라 청년층의 학교에서 직업세계로의 이행은 전반적으로 원활하게 이루어지지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 특히 여성 청년층은 남성들에 비해 이행 경로에 있어서 더욱 어려움을 겪고 있으며, 학력 수준에 따라 차별적인 이행 경로를 거치는 것으로 나타났다. 여성 청년층의 학교에서 직업세계로의 이행을 성공적으로 지원하기 위해서는 기본적으로 여성 청년층이 남성들에 비해 가질 수 있는 제도적 장애요인을 제거해주는 것과 동시에, 대학 미진학 여성에 대한 제도적 지원이 적극 강구될 필요가 있다.

증령에 따른 측두하악관절내 탄력섬유의 분포에 관한 연구

이진표,홍정표 慶熙大學校 齒科大學 1993 慶熙齒大論文集 Vol.15 No.1

Observation of elastic fiber's change of mouse TMJ due to several round factor, principily external stimulations, their influence on the TMJ structure's change and the analize of the consecutive evolution of the disease is most important. So, the author believe that the factor of TMJ feature is the elastic feature's change and it's the principal factor of the TmJ disease. For observation of the increase and disposition of elastic fiber that to regulate the elastic feature of tissue and allow it existence. For this propose, observation with histologic methods on 20 mouse ICR of 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 3 weeks and 4 weeks, the results were as follows; 1. In the early stage, the condyle of TMJ is originated from cartilage mass, and it's calcification is endochondral. 2. In the early stage, the disc is relatively thin and immature, but in the later stage the fiber is dense and the disposition is most functional. 3. Observation of the early stage, the elastic fiber is a thin fiber that to across anteroposterior direction, but in the later stage elastic fiber are developed, the disposition that in the early stage was perpendicullar to articular surface, now is parallel. 4. The elastic fiber was observated most clearly in the retrodiscal tissue. 5. In conclusion, the elastic fiber is observed like a thin fiber 1 week from born, but the fiber to increase the weight and it dispose functionally, and 4 week from born, it can realize the normal function.

정신보건심판위원회 퇴원명령 대상자 추적조사

이명수,홍진표,고정아,오정하 大韓神經精神醫學會 2009 신경정신의학 Vol.48 No.1

Objectives The purpose of this study was to examine the current situation and the limitations of the Mental Health Review Board and to identify the effectiveness of the community linkage for discharged patients. Methods The data was collected from the 116 patients who were discharged from August 2005 to July 2007 by the order of the Mental Health Review Board. The survey was conducted by telephone with using a structured questionnaire. Results 51 patients (44.0%) were able to be referred to community mental health services when they discharged. The readmission rate was 50.9% and the mean duration to the first readmission was 51.73 days (S.D.=103.5). The mean duration to the first readmission was significantly longer for the group that was referred to community services and that had a negative correlation with the stability of health security. The outpatient maintenance rate and the current admission status were also significantly different between the group that was referred to community services and the group that was not referred. Conclusion The activities of the mental health review board have definite limitations in Korea such as the high rate of immediate readmissions after the discharge orders. A hospital-community integrated service system could be one possible solution to improve the maintenance of mental health patients in the community and to prevent their readmission.

정신과 치료 집단내 정신증상의 인식 차이에 대한 조사

이강표,남정현 大韓神經精神醫學會 1995 신경정신의학 Vol.34 No.4

Purpose : The authers investigated how each subgroup of psychiatrists, nurses and aides which consist of mental health workers in the hospital setting cognize the mental symptoms and which symtoms are seriously viewed by each subgroup in order to clarify the viewpoint of each subgroup in understanding the patients. Methods : The subjects of study consist of thirty psychiatrists, thirty nurses and thirty aides. the subjects rated mental symptoms after observing the videotape of patient's case which the authers had made, using the Hopkins Pschiatric Rating Scale. Result : As the duration of service increased, the concordance rate of doctor group increased and that of nurse group also overall increased, but the concordance rate of subgroup after the period of seven years was not constitent. The concordance rate of aide group was relatively lower than those of other groups, however, the concordance rate in subgroup above five-year-period decreased. The doctor group took high cognizance of symptoms related to thought disorder and the nurse group highly cognized psychotic symptoms and symptoms related to anxiety and thus showed a trait which shared with characteristics of doctors and aides. On the other hand the aide group took high cognizance of symptoms related to management of ward-life of patients in comparison with other groups and rated overall pathologic state low. Conclusion : The results suggested that the nurse group needs continuous and effective professional training in order to solve problems caused by long-term service. The aide group had little knowledge and concept about mental disorder and the results suggested that the aide group lacked the consistent viewpoint to cognize the patient and thus the educational training system which is appropriate for the group characteristics needed is urgently.

일부 한국인의 혈청 ceruloplasmin 정상 참고치 설정 및 질환별 비교 : Comparison of Its Level among Various Diseases

이동수,박애자,박정덕,장임원,홍연표 중앙대학교 의과대학 의과학연구소 1999 中央醫大誌 Vol.24 No.1

Ceruloplasmin has been investigated as one of the useful biologic index for early diagnosis of atherolsclerosis. However, there was no normal reference value taking into account the confounders in Korea. This study was performed to estimate the normal reference values and present the confounders of ceruloplasmin. Also we compared of serum ceruloplasmin levels among normal reference group and three abnormal groups: 475 healthy subjects, 53 liver dysfunctions, 72 positive test of chronic inflammatory diseases, and 89 hypercholesterolemias. Mean serum ceruloplasmin level of healthy subjects were 41.6±7.6㎎/㎗ in males and 42.1±7.2㎎/㎗ in females, respectively. It was tend to increase of ceruloplasmin by age in both sexes. However, the statistical difference was not found by age group between both sexes. Statistically significant correlations were found between serum ceruloplasmin and age, body mass index(BMI), white blood cell(WBC) and triglyceride(TG) in males and age, BMI, WBC and total cholestrol(TG) in females. After adjustment for age, BMI,WBC and TG in males and age, BMI, WBC and TG in females, significant elevations of serum ceruloplasmin were found in liver dysfunction(p=0.0077) and positive test of chonic inflammatory disease(p=0.0217) in males and in oisitive test of chronic inflammatory disease(p=0.0023) and hypercholestolemia(p=0.0124) in females relative to healthy reference subjects. There is no statistical difference among liver dysfunction, postive test of chronic inflammatory disease, and hypercholesterolemia.

형질변형성장인자가 손상골 재생능에 미치는 영향에 과한 실험적 연구

이병도,황의환,이상래,홍정표 慶熙大學校 齒科大學 1995 慶熙齒大論文集 Vol.17 No.2

The purpose of this study was to observe the effect of TGF-81, which promotes differentiation and proliferation of osteoblasts, on bone regeneration. Experimental bone defects that measured 3 mm in diameter were created on the mandibles of guinea pig by removal of bone with the use of trephine burs. In one side of mandibular body, the experimental groups, bone defects were grafted with Biogran(Orthovita Co., U.S.A.) and TGF 131(R&D System Co., U.S.A.). In the remaining side of the mandiblar body, the control groups, bone defects were grafted with only Biogran. Guinea pigs in the control and experimental groups were serially terminated by fours on the 3 days, the 1 week, the 2 weeks, the 3 weeks, and the 4 weeks after experiment, and both sides of the mandibular bodies were removed and fixed with 10% neutral formalin. They were decalcified and embedded in paraffin as using the usual method. The specimen sectioned and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Also, they were radiographed with a soft X-ray apparatus. The Obtained results.=were as follows; 1. Hemorrhagic condition, observed in the granulation tissues, disappeared on the 1 week after experiment in both groups, and more prominent in the experimental group. The granulation tissues of the experimental group had larger number of cells than those of the control group. 2. Osteoblastic differentiation in the margin of grafted material and adjacent bone was observed on the 1 week after experiment in both groups. Also, bone formation was observed in immature form on the 1 week after experiment, and more prominent in the experimental group. 3. In the polarizing microscopic examination, bone matrix was very loose on the 1 week after experiment, but increase in density with time, and more prominent in the experimental group. 4. In the microradiographic examination, newly formed bone was observed in the experimental group on the 2 weeks after experiment, and this was observed earlier than in the control group. Newly formed bone was increased with time and defected area was markedly decreased on the 4 weeks after experiment.

고등단계 직업교육 강화를 위한 영미권 국가의 학위제도 개편 동향과 시사

이정표 한국직업능력개발원 2007 직업능력개발연구 Vol.10 No.2

이 글은 우리나라와 같이 전통적으로 학교교육을 통한 직업교육의 기반이 미약 하고 단선형 학제를 갖는 영미권 국가인 미국, 캐나다, 영국을 대상으로, 고등단계 직업교육 부문의 학위제도 개편 사례를 분석하고 시사점을 얻는 데 목적이 있다. 학위제도의 주요 변화를 보면, 미국은 최근 일부 지역사회대학을 중심으로 학사학위를 수여하고 있으며, 캐나다는 지역사회대학 및 전문기술학교를 중심으로 응용학사 학위과정을 신설 운영하고 있다. 영국은 파운데이션 학위제토를 개발함으로써 대학, FE칼리지, 지역사회대학, 산업계 등의 컨소시엄을 기반으로 학위과정의 설계, 운영, 평가를 실시하며, FE 칼리지 중심으로 학위과정이 제공되고 있다. 이러한 변화들은 종전 일반대학과 전문대학 간의전통적인 역할 분담 및 경계가 약해지고 있음을 보여준다. 영미권 국가의 학위제도 개편은 고등단계 직업교육의 위상 강화, 학사학위에 대한 사회적 수요를 현장성이 강한 직업교육분야로 수용, 계속 직업교육기회 보장, 숙련기술인력 수요에의 대응 등을 목표로 추진되어 왔다. 외국의 학위제도 개편 사례는 법령 개정을 통해 전공심화과정의 학사학위제도화가 현실화되고 있는 우리의 상황에서 전공심화과정의 운영 방향은 물론 중장기적으로 고등단계 직업교육 부문의 학위제도 개편 방향 설정에 중요한 시사점을 제공 한다. The purpose of this study was to review the degree system reform trends of tertiary education in English-speaking countries: US, Canada and England and suggest some implications for the improvement of Korean tertiary education system. To accomplish this purpose, the trends of community colleges that have recently obtained specific authority to award baccalaureate degrees in US, the development of new four-year applied degree program in colleges and technical institutes in Canada, and of two-year foundation degree as employer-focused higher education qualifications in England were reviewed as good samples which have changed the non-university system to meet more competitive economic environment. The purposes of their reforms were to raise the standard of vocational education in tertiary education sector, to react to changing needs for skilled workers, to widen the opportunities of lifelong vocational education, and to integrate academic studies and work-based learning by providing bachelor degree in technical and applicable academic area. Korean government needs to reexamine fundamentally the reform directions of vocational education degree system in tertiary education including advanced degree course will be providing bachelor's degree in vocational colleges.

카드뮴폭로후 고환, 신장 및 간장내 카드뮴축적량과 조직손상의 변화

이영구,박정덕,최병선,홍연표,장임원 大韓産業醫學會 1994 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.6 No.1

To assess the changes of cadmium deposit and histopathologic finding of testis, liver and kidney, different dose of cadmium (Cd) was administerd into male Sprague-Dawley rat(purchased from KIST, Korea Institute of Science and technology) by single intravenous injection. At 12, 24, 48, 168 and 672 hours after Cd injection, tissue cadmium concentration and histopathological change were examined. Cd exposed group showed lesser weight gain than the control. Renal Cd content tended to increase in time-dependent pattern, while hepatic and testicular Cd content tended to decrease. Mean of renal Cd content to hepatic Cd content (Cd K/Cd L) also progressively increased. These results suggest that Cd might be gradually transported to kidney from other organs. In testis and liver, degenerative changes appeared relatively in acute phase. These changes became more pronounced in testis, while less prominent in liver. In kidney, swelling of proximal tubluar cells and thickening of glomerular basement membrane appeared relatively later and these changes were progressively aggravated.