Comparison of 90‐day case‐fatality after ischemic stroke between two different stroke outcome registries using propensity score matching analysis

Yu, K‐,H.,Hong, K‐,S.,Lee, B‐,C.,Oh, M‐,S.,Cho, Y‐,J.,Koo, J‐,S.,Park, J‐,M.,Bae, H‐,J.,Han, M‐,K.,Ju, Y‐,S.,Kang, D‐,W.,Appelros, P. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2011 Acta neurologica Scandinavica Vol.123 No.5

<P>Yu K‐H, Hong K‐S, Lee B‐C, Oh M‐S, Cho Y‐J, Koo J‐S, Park J‐M, Bae H‐J, Han M‐K, Ju Y‐S, Kang D‐W, Appelros P, Norrving B, Terent A. Comparison of 90‐day case‐fatality after ischemic stroke between two different stroke outcome registries using propensity score matching analysis. 
Acta Neurol Scand: 2011: 123: 325–331. 
© 2010 John Wiley & Sons A/S.</P><P><B>Background – </B> It has not been clarified whether the disparity in ischemic stroke outcome between populations is caused by ethnic and geographic differences or by variations in case mix. Propensity score matching (PSM) analysis can overcome some analytical problems but is rarely used in stroke outcome research. This study was to compare the ischemic stroke case‐fatality between two PSM cohorts of Sweden and Korea.</P><P><B>Methods – </B> Prognostic variables related to baseline characteristics and stroke care were included in our PSM model. Then, we selected 7675 Swedish and 1220 Korean patients with ischemic stroke from each stroke registers and performed one‐to‐one matching based on propensity scores of each patient.</P><P><B>Results – </B> After PSM, all measured variables were well balanced in 1163 matched subjects, and the 90‐day case‐fatality was identical 6.2% (HR 0.997, 95%CI 0.905–1.099) in Sweden and Korea.</P><P><B>Conclusions – </B> No difference is found in the 90‐day case‐fatality in propensity score‐matched Swedish and Korean patients with ischemic stroke.</P>

Geochemical characteristics of sinking particles in the Tonga arc hydrothermal vent field, southwestern Pacific

Kim, H.J.,Kim, J.,Pak, S.J.,Ju, S.J.,Yoo, C.M.,Kim, H.S.,Lee, K.Y.,Hwang, J. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2016 Deep-sea research. Part I, Oceanographic research Vol.116 No.-

Studies of sinking particles associated with hydrothermal vent fluids may help us to quantify mass transformation processes between hydrothermal vent plumes and deposits. Such studies may also help us understand how various types of hydrothermal systems influence particle flux and composition. However, the nature of particle precipitation out of hydrothermal vent plumes in the volcanic arcs of convergent plate boundaries has not been well studied, nor have the characteristics of such particles been compared with the characteristics of sinking particles at divergent boundaries. We examined sinking particles collected by sediment traps for about 10 days at two sites, each within 200m of identified hydrothermal vents in the south Tonga arc of the southwestern Pacific. The total mass flux was several-fold higher than in the non-hydrothermal southwest tropical Pacific. The contribution of non-biogenic materials was dominant (over 72%) and the contribution of metals such as Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn was very high compared to their average levels in the upper continental crust. The particle flux and composition indicate that hydrothermal authigenic particles are the dominant source of the collected sinking particles. Overall, our elemental ratios are similar to observations of particles at the divergent plate boundary in the East Pacific Rise (EPR). Thus, the nature of the hydrothermal particles collected in the south Tonga arc is probably not drastically different from particles in the EPR region. However, we observed consistent differences between the two sites within the Tonga arc, in terms of the contribution of non-biogenic material, the radiocarbon content of sinking particulate organic carbon, the ratios of iron to other metals (e.g. Cu/Fe and Zn/Fe), and plume maturity indices (e.g. S/Fe). This heterogeneity within the Tonga arc is likely caused by differences in physical environment such as water depth, phase separation due to subcritical boiling and associated sub-seafloor precipitation.

Triarylamine-based dual-function coadsorbents with extended π-conjugation aryl linkers for organic dye-sensitized solar cells

Choi, I.T.,You, B.S.,Eom, Y.K.,Ju, M.J.,Choi, W.S.,Kang, S.H.,Kang, M.S.,Seo, K.D.,Hong, J.Y.,Song, S.H.,Yang, J.W.,Kim, H.K. Elsevier Science 2014 ORGANIC ELECTRONICS Vol.15 No.11

Triarylamine-based dual-function coadsorbents containing a carboxylic acid acceptor linked by extended π-conjugation aryl linkers (e.g., phenylene: HC-A3, naphthalene: HC-A4 and anthracene: HC-A5) were newly designed and synthesized. They were used as coadsorbents in organic dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) based on a porphyrin dye (hexyloxy-biphenyl-ZnP-CN-COOH (HOP)). For comparison, the π-conjugated phenyl linker (HC-A3) previously developed by our group was also used as a coadsorbent. The structural effects on the photophysical and electrochemical properties and DSSC performance were systematically investigated. As a result, the DSSCs based on HC-A4 and HC-5 displayed power conversion efficiencies (PCEs) of 8.2% and 5.1%, respectively, while the HC-A3-based DSSC achieved a PCE of 7.7%. In the case of HC-A4, both the short-circuit photocurrent densities (J<SUB>sc</SUB>) and open-circuit voltages (V<SUB>oc</SUB>) of DSSCs were simultaneously improved to a large extent due to the more effective prevention of π-π stacking of organic dye molecules and the better light-harvesting effect at short wavelengths. The HC-A5-based DSSC exhibited a much lower short-circuit current (J<SUB>sc</SUB>) and open-circuit voltages (V<SUB>oc</SUB>) compared to the HC-A4-based DSSC, due to the fact that the dihedral angle of the π-conjugated linkers was too high for electron injection into the TiO<SUB>2</SUB> conduction band (CB) level. This had a reduced effect on preventing the π-π stacking of dye molecules, resulting in lower J<SUB>sc</SUB> and V<SUB>oc</SUB> values.

Characterization of CBD-CdSe1-ySy deposited at low-temperature for photovoltaic applications

J.I. Contreras-Rascón,J. Díaz-Reyes,J.E. Flores-Mena,M. Galvan-Arellano,L.A. Juárez-Morán,R.S. Castillo-Ojeda 한국물리학회 2015 Current Applied Physics Vol.15 No.12

We present the structural and optical characterization of cadmium selenide sulphur (CdSe1-ySy) deposited by chemical bath deposition (CBD) technique at low-temperature (20 ± 2 ℃). The sulphur molar fraction is varied from 0 to 42.13%. The chemical stoichiometry is estimated by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The CdSe1-ySy shows hexagonal wurtzite crystalline phase, which was found by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis and it was confirmed by Raman spectroscopy. The average grain size of the CdSe1-ySy films was ranged from 1.20 to 1.68 nm that was determined by Debye-Scherrer equation from W(002) direction and it was confirmed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). This average grain size indicates a high quantum confinement because of it is smaller than the Bohr radii of CdS (2.8 nm) and CdSe (4.9 nm). Raman spectra show two dominant vibrational bands about 208 and 415 cm-1 associated at CdSe-1LO-like and CdSe-2LO-like. By transmittance measurements at room temperature are found that the optical band gap energies vary from 1.86 to 2.16 eV in the range of investigated sulphur molar fraction. Room temperature photoluminescence shows radiative bands in the visible range and a dominant band in the UV range, approximately 3.0 eV, which can be associated with a radiative transition, bound exciton to donor impurity.

Two-dimensional π-conjugated molecules based-on 2,6,9,10-tetra(prop-1-yn-1-yl)anthracene and their application to solution-processed photovoltaic cells

Shin, J.,Kang, N.S.,Lee, T.W.,Cho, M.J.,Hong, J.M.,Ju, B.K.,Choi, D.H. Elsevier Science 2014 Organic Electronics Vol.15 No.7

Novel two-dimensional π-conjugated molecules, i.e., 5',5'''-((9,10-bis((4-hexylphenyl)ethynyl)anthracene-2,6-diyl)bis(ethyne-2,1-diyl))bis(5-hexyl-2,2'-bithiophene) (2,6-HBT) and 5',5'''-((2,6-bis((4-hexylphenyl)ethynyl)anthracene-9,10-diyl)bis(ethyne-2,1-diyl))bis(5-hexyl-2,2'-bithiophene) (9,10-THB) were successfully synthesized and utilized as highly soluble p-type organic semiconductors for organic thin film transistors (TFTs) and solar cells. From the TFTs, the high hole mobility of the pristine film of 9,10-THB was measured to be 0.07cm<SUP>2</SUP>V<SUP>-1</SUP>s<SUP>-1</SUP> (I<SUB>on/off</SUB>=10<SUP>6</SUP>-10<SUP>7</SUP>), which is mainly attributed to slip-stacked charge-transport behavior in J-aggregation-induced crystallites. Further, a solution-processed solar cell made of 9,10-THB and PC<SUB>61</SUB>BM exhibited very promising and reproducible power conversion efficiencies of 3.30% and 2.53% with composition 1:1 and 1:2 w/w ratio, respectively.

EMISSION AND EXCITATION SPECTRA FROM DIVALENT Ge IONS IN KCI SINGLE CRYSTALS

Kang, J.G.,Ju, S.K.,Gill, Y.H.,Shim, I.K.,Chang, C.K. 충남대학교 기초과학연구소 1988 연구논문집 Vol.8 No.-

The emission from KCl:Ge^2+ excited in the A-absorption band was studied as a function of temperature. The A-band excitation produces complex emission from KCl:Ge^2+, compared with ones from Tl^+-like ions with the s^2 electronic configuration. The A-band emissions from KCl:Ge^0 and KCl:Ge^4+ were also measured at low temperature. The analysis of these spectra indicates that the two low-energy emission bands of KCl:Ge^2+ which peaked at 515 and 675㎚, respectively, are to be attributed to divalent Ge ions. The definitive assignment of the two bands is presented in terms of the adiabatic potential energy surface (APES).

Study of sulfur-resistant Ni-Al-based catalysts for autothermal reforming of dodecane

Jung, S.Y.,Ju, D.G.,Lim, E.J.,Lee, S.C.,Hwang, B.W.,Kim, J.C. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2015 International journal of hydrogen energy Vol.40 No.39

Diesel fuel has merits such as good refueling infrastructure and high hydrogen density, but it also contains small amounts of sulfur compounds that deactivate reforming catalysts by sulfur poisoning. In this work, various promoters such as La (NAL10-PM), Ce (NAC10-PM), and Fe (NAF10-PM) were used to improve the catalytic activities of Ni-Al-based reforming catalysts in the presence of sulfur compounds. Various Ni-Al-based catalysts were prepared by a polymer-modified incipient method using polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA). The tests were performed in a fixed-bed reactor, and dodecane and dibenzothiophene (DBT) were used as the surrogate diesel fuel and sulfur compound, respectively. In the presence of 100 ppm DBT, the NAF10-PM catalyst maintained 80% dodecane conversion without deactivation for 6 h, although the other catalysts were deactivated; the conditions were S/C = 1.23, O<SUB>2</SUB>/C = 0.25, 750 <SUP>o</SUP>C, and a gas hourly space velocity of 12,000 h<SUP>-1</SUP>. Scanning electron microscopy-energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that catalyst deactivation was caused by the deposition of large amounts of graphitic carbon on the catalyst surface in the presence of 100 ppm DBT. Lesser graphitic carbon was deposited on the NAF10-PM catalyst than the other catalysts, and catalytic activity was maintained even in the presence of DBT. In addition, X-ray diffraction showed the formation of a Ni-Fe alloy in the NAF10-PM catalyst. It is suggested that the Ni-Fe alloy prevented the deposition of graphitic carbon, and thus catalyst deactivation. In summary, the catalytic activity for autothermal reforming of dodecane on the Fe-promoted NAF10-PM catalyst was excellent, and no deactivation occurred in the presence of 100 ppm DBT.

국내 장감염 환자에게서 분리한 S-352 Salmonella 독성균주의 항원 분석 및 Macrophage 저항성 연구

배용수(Y.S. Bae),조성기(S.K. Jo),이광준(K.J. Lee),주영란(Y.R. Ju),임재윤(J.Y. Lim),김영창(Y.C. Kim) 大韓微生物學會 1997 大韓微生物學會誌 Vol.32 No.2

Increased OPG/RANKL ratio in the conditioned medium of soybean-treated osteoblasts suppresses RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation

Park, K.,Ju, W.-C.,Yeo, J.-H.,Kim, J.Y.,Seo, H.S.,Uchida, Y.,Cho, Y. Spandidos Publications 2014 International journal of molecular medicine Vol.33 No.1

Soybean is a major dietary source of isoflavones, particularly daidzein and genistein, which stimulate osteoblastic functions that are initiated by binding to estrogen receptor (ER)- and ER- found on osteoblasts. However, coupled with a low expression of ER- and ER- in osteoclasts, the inhibitory effects of soy isoflavones on osteoclast differentiation is likely mediated through paracrine factors produced by osteoblasts. Therefore, in this study, we investigated whether soybean can indirectly inhibit osteoclast differentiation through the modulation of osteoclastic factors produced by osteoblasts. Treatment with soybean extracts increased the levels of osteoprotegerin (OPG) and decreased those of receptor activator of nuclear factor-B ligand (RANKL) in the conditioned medium (CM) of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts. Subsequently, the RANKL-induced RAW264.7 osteoclast formation was markedly inhibited by treatment with CM collected from MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts incubated with soybean extracts (S-CM). Similarly, S-CM significantly attenuated the RANKL-induced increase in the mRNA and protein levels of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), a potential biomarker gene of osteoclast differentiation, through the suppression of nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) activation. Of note, a soybean concentration of 0.001 mg/ml further increased the OPG/RANKL ratio compared to treatment with a 0.1 mg/ml soybean concentration and was overall, more effective at inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclast formation and MMP-9 expression. Taken together, our data demonstrate that treatment with soybean extracts stimulates the secretion of OPG and inhibits that of RANKL, thus inhibiting RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation through the suppression of NFATc1 activation.

N-Dodecane Autothermal Reforming Properties of Ni-Al Based Catalysts Prepared by Various Methods

Lee, W. S.,Ju, D. G.,Jung, S. Y.,Lee, S. C.,Ha, D. S.,Hwang, B. W.,Kim, J. C. Springer Science + Business Media 2017 Topics in catalysis Vol.60 No.9

<P>Ni-Al-based catalysts prepared by impregnation, co-precipitation, and polymer-modified incipient methods, referred to as NA-IM, NA-CM, and NA-PM, respectively, were applied to autothermal reforming (ATR) of n-dodecane, since this hydrocarbon exhibits properties similar to those of diesel fuel and can be used as its surrogate. The corresponding catalytic performances were evaluated in terms of H-2 yield and n-dodecane conversion at 750 degrees C and 12,000 h(-1) in a fixed-bed reactor at an S/C molar ratio of 1.23 and an O-2/C molar ratio of 0.25. NA-CM and NA-PM exhibited similar performances in terms of H-2 yield (1.4) and n-dodecane conversion (90%); however, the performance of NA-IM was inferior to those of other catalysts. The differences between the prepared catalysts were investigated by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller analysis, with the obtained results indicating the importance of well-dispersed Ni species in NA-PM for efficient ATR.</P>