Time-evolving genetic networks reveal a NAC troika that negatively regulates leaf senescence in <i>Arabidopsis</i>

Kim, Hyo Jung,Park, Ji-Hwan,Kim, Jingil,Kim, Jung Ju,Hong, Sunghyun,Kim, Jeongsik,Kim, Jin Hee,Woo, Hye Ryun,Hyeon, Changbong,Lim, Pyung Ok,Nam, Hong Gil,Hwang, Daehee National Academy of Sciences 2018 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.115 No.21

<▼1><P><B>Significance</B></P><P>Leaf senescence is regulated in a complex manner, involving time-dependent interactions with developmental and environmental signals. Genetic screens have identified key regulators of senescence, particularly late-stage senescence regulators. Recently, time-course gene-expression and network analyses, mostly analyses of static networks, have predicted many senescence regulators. However, senescence is defined by time-evolving networks, involving the temporal transition of interactions among senescence regulators. Here, we present time-evolving networks of NAM/ATAF/CUC (NAC) transcription factors, central regulators of leaf senescence in <I>Arabidopsis</I>, via time-course gene-expression analysis of NACs in their mutants. These time-evolving networks revealed a unique regulatory module of NACs that controls the timely induction of senescence-promoting processes at a presenescent stage of leaf aging.</P></▼1><▼2><P>Senescence is controlled by time-evolving networks that describe the temporal transition of interactions among senescence regulators. Here, we present time-evolving networks for NAM/ATAF/CUC (NAC) transcription factors in <I>Arabidopsis</I> during leaf aging. The most evident characteristic of these time-dependent networks was a shift from positive to negative regulation among NACs at a presenescent stage. ANAC017, ANAC082, and ANAC090, referred to as a “NAC troika,” govern the positive-to-negative regulatory shift. Knockout of the NAC troika accelerated senescence and the induction of other <I>NAC</I>s, whereas overexpression of the NAC troika had the opposite effects. Transcriptome and molecular analyses revealed shared suppression of senescence-promoting processes by the NAC troika, including salicylic acid (SA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) responses, but with predominant regulation of SA and ROS responses by ANAC090 and ANAC017, respectively. Our time-evolving networks provide a unique regulatory module of presenescent repressors that direct the timely induction of senescence-promoting processes at the presenescent stage of leaf aging.</P></▼2>

중금속물질이 생쥐 신장사구체에 미치는 영향에 대한 미세구조 연구

김주원,고정식,양남길,안의태,박경호 순천향의학연구소 1995 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.1 No.2

본 실험은 중금속물질이 섭취되었을 때 신장사구체의 미세구조적 변화를 알아보기 위하여 시행하였다. 실험동물로는 체중 25gm내외의 성숙한 마우스(IRC)를 사용하였는데 실험군은 염화제이수은(HgCl₂)을 2mg/kg, 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg씩, 중크롬산칼륨(K₂Cr₂O7)을 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg씩 피하주사하여 사용하였다. 각 실험군은 주사 후 6시간, 3일, 2주일에 희생시킨 후 신장조직을 떼어내어 2.5% glutaraldehyde- 1.5% paraformaldehyde혼합액(0.1M Millonig's phosphate buffer, pH 7.3)에 다시 고정한 다음, 1% osmium tetroxide(0.1M Millonig's phosphate buffer, pH 7.3)에 다시 고정하였다. 고정된 조직은 ethyl acohol과 acetone으로 탈수하여 araldite 혼합액에 포매하였으며 포매된 조직은 LKB-V Ultramicrotome으로 얇은 절편을 만들어 uranyl acetate와 lead citrate액으로 염색한 후 JEM 100CX-Ⅱ전자 현미경으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 사구체기저막의 경우, 염화제이수은 투여군은 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg투여군에서, 중크롬산칼륨 투여군은 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg투여군에서 실험초기(6시간과 3일)에 사구체기저막의 전자밀도가 다소 불규칙하고 혹 모양의 물질이 기저막에 침착되었으나 2주일군에서 거의 정상군의 것에 비하여 별다른 변화를 볼 수 없었다. 2. 내피세포의 경우, 염화제이수은 투여군은 2mg/kg, 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg, 투여군에서, 중크롬산칼륨투여군은 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg투여군에서 실험초기( 6시간군과 3일 )에 내피세포 내에 공포와 myelin구조가 자주 관찰되었다. 3. 문어발세포의 경우, 염화제이수은 투여군은 2mg/kg, 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg 투여군에서, 중크롬산칼륨투여군은 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg 투여군에서 실험초기( 6시간군과 3일) 에 팽창된 과립형질내세망의 수조와 납작한 Golgi복합체 수조가 관찰되었다. 4. 혈관사이세포의 경우, 염화제수은 투여군은 2mg/kg, 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg 투여군에서, 중크롬산칼륨 투여군은 10mg/kg, 20mg/kg투여군에서 실험초기( 6시간군과 3일)에 기질내에 전자밀도가 높은 침착물이 관찰되었으며 혈관사이세포의 세포돌기가 내피세포 쪽으로 돌출되어 내피세포의 세포질판에 의해 둘러싸여 있는 모습이 자주 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합해보면 마우스가 일정량의 염화제이수은 또는 중크롬산칼륨을 한번 섭취하면 급성사구체신염의 형태학적 특징을 보이나 2주일정도가 지나면 사구체의 경우에는 거의 정상상태로 회복하며, 염화제이수은이 중크롬산칼륨에 비하여 사구체에 더 많은 손상을 준다고 생각된다. This experiment was performed to study the Ultrastructural changes of the renal glomerulus, induced by heavy metallic agents. Healthy adult mice weighing 25gm each were divided into normal an dexperimental grouops. Mercuric chloride(2mg/kg, 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg) or potassium bichromate(5mg/kg, 10mg/kg, 2-mg/kg) were injected subcutaneously to the animals. Animals were sacrificed at 6 hours, 3 days and 2 weeks following the injections. Pieces of tissues were taken from renal corticies, prefixed with 2.5% glutaraldehyde- 1.5% paraformaldehyde(0.1M Millonig's phosphate buffer, pH 7.3), and followed by post-fixation with 1% osmium tetroxide(0.1M Millonig's phosphate buffer, pH 7.3) Fixed blocks were dehydrated with alcohols and acetone, embedded in araldite mixture, cut with LKB V-ultratome. The ultrathin sections stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate were observed with a JEM 100CX-II electron microscope. The results were as follow: 1. Glomerular basal laminae of the experimental groups showed some alterations, especially in the earlier stage-(6 hours and 3 days) of mercuric chloride-(5mg/kg. 10mg/kg) and potassium bichromate-(10mg/kg, 20mg/kg) treated groups. Irregularity of the electron density and accumulation of electron dense materials were observed. But morphological changes occurred in the basal laminae are generally recovered to normal appearance within 2 weeks. 2. In the glomerular endothelial cells of the mercuric chloride-(2mg/kg, 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg) and the potassium bichromate-(10mg/kg, 20mg/kg) treated groups. a large number of vacuoles and some myelin figures were observed frequently, especially in the earlier grous-(6 hours and 3 days). 3. In the podocytes of the mercuric chloirde-(2mg/kg, 5mg/kg, 10mg/kg) and potassium bichromate-(10mg/kg, 20mg/kg) treated groups. swollen cistern of rough endoplasmic reticulum and flattened cistern of the Golgi complexes were observed in the earlier groups-(6 hours and 3 days). 4. In the mesangial cell of the mercuric chloride-(5mg/kg, 10mg/kg) and potassium bichromate-(10mg/kg, 20mg/kg) treated groups. electron dense deposits were seen within the matrix and protruding cytoplasmic processes of the cells were surrounded by the cytoplasmic plates of the endothelial cells. From the above results. it was concluded that. the mercuric chloride or potassium bichromate induces acute glomerulonephritis on the mice, but ultrastructural changes occurred in the glomerulus after injection of the heavy metallic agents were recovered to normal appearance within 2 weeks. Mercuric chloride was more harmful on the renal glomerulus than potassium bichromte.

흡입관에 부착된 디퓨저 효과에 대한 연구

김도태,이행남,박길문,이덕구,설재림 朝鮮大學校 機械技術硏究所 2004 機械技術硏究 Vol.7 No.1

The diffuser is used to get low pressure, and it has been applied to a lot of industry field like the heat engine, the fluid instrument power plant, the food industry, environment industry etc... because there are not any problem even it is mixed with kinds of liquid, gas, and solid. The flow characteristics in diffuser are investigated by prv and CFD. The experiment using PIV measurement for mixing pipe's flow characteristics acquired velocity distribution, .Condition : when mixing pipe's diameter ratio is 1:2.3, and the flux is Q₁ = 1.136 l/s, Q₂ = 1.706 l/s, Q₃ = 2.276 l/s . Based on the PIV and the CFD results, the flow characteristics in ejector are discussed, and it shows the validity of this study.

洛東江 河口堰 建設 후 養殖 海藻類의 病害 原因에 관하여

金南吉 國立統營水産專門大學 附設 水産科學硏究所 1994 수산과학연구소보고 Vol.5 No.-

본 연구는 낙동강 하구둑 건설 이후의 해조 양식장의 병해 현상을 구명하기 위하여 1989년 9월부터 1990년 4월까지 수행하였다. 양식기간중 강수량, 일조량 기온에서 부산지방의 기상 특이성이 나타났다. 하구둑 건설 후 장림천의 영향을 직접 받는 수로 부근의 해역에서 COD와 영양염류의 농도는 증가한 반면 pH와 염분도는 감소하였다. 양식 김과 파래는 구멍갯병, 녹반병, 붉은갯병, 횐갯병. 쪼그랑병 및 부착규조에 의한 병해가 만연 하였다. 김 및 파래 발에 침착된 뻘의 양은 32.9-361.9mg/10cm였으며 침착된 뻘량과 병해율은 정의 상관관계가 나타났다. 뻘과 부착 조류는 사주와 사주 사이의 조간대에 위치한 양식어장에서 높게 나타났으며, 김과 파래의 엽면에 착생하는 부착 규조류는 Achnanthes, Licmophora, Melosira, Nitzschia, Synedra속으로 나타났다. 낙동강 하구 해역 해조류 양식장에서 발생되는 양식 해조의 병해 원인은 생활하수 및 공장폐수 등의 오염물질량의 증가와 주변 해수의 정체 그리고 단속적으로 방류되는 하천수에 의한 것으로 사료되며 특히 홍수 등의 대유량 빈도가 높을 때는 구멍갯병이 만연하는 것으로 사료된다. After the completion of the Naktong River estuary barrage, physiological damages and diseases of the cultivated marine algae in the estuary were investigated reviewing meteorological and environmental factors from September, 1989 to April, 1990. The meteorological characters in the precipitation, sunshine and air temperature were appaered at the region of Pusan during the farming period. COD and concentrations of nutrients of water seem to have increased in the just lower region of the barrage off Changrim, while pH and salinities decreased, probably due to the domestic sewage and industrial waste discharged from the Changrim stream and water stagnant after the barrage construction. The cultivated Gim, Porphyra and Parae, Enteromorpha have been infected with shot hole, green spot, red rot, white blight, crape and diatom felt. The amounts of mud adhered to the farming net were 32.9-361.9mg/10cm. There were correlations between diseases and mud. Most of the epjphytic microalgae on the farming net and thallus were genus Achnanthes, Licmopfora, Melosira, Nitzschia and Synedra, among them the dominant genus was Licmophora. Accordingly, effects of the diseases of Gim and Parae at the farming area in the estuary seem to have originated from the stagnation of water, the waste, and the discharge inflowing to farming area after the barrage construction.

지보공법에 따른 토사터널의 거동에 관한 수치해석

김진태,박병수,정길수,유남재 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2004 産業技術硏究 Vol.24 No.A

Numerical analysis were performed to investigate the stability and internal movement of tunnel located beneath the base of abutment of bridge according to the method of supporting tunnel. Two supporting methods of the multi-staged grouting method with steel pipes and the large diameter of pipe supporting method were used in the centrifuge model tests. The slip form of model lining, specially built to simulate the process of tunnel excavating under the condition of accelerated g-level, was used in the centrifuge model tests. Four centrifuge model tests were performed, changing the supporting methods of the multi-staged grouting method with steel pipes and the large diameter of pipe supporting method and the location of model abutment base of bridge. For internal displacement of tunnel, movements of the crown. The left and the right sides of spring line were measured during the proceeds of excavating tunnel in centrifuge model tests. Test results were compared with numerically estimated values of internal displacement of tunnel by using the commercially available FEM software of PENTAGON-3D. It was found that they were in good agreements and the large diameter of pipe supporting method was more stable than the multi-staged grouting method with steel pipes with respect to the internal movement of tunnel.

배양된 간세포 담세관 및 세포질소기관의 미세구조 연구 : Phalloidin과 Cytochalasin D의 영향 Effects of Phalloidin and Cytochalasin D

김진국,양남길,안의태,고정식,박경호,김주원 순천향의학연구소 1995 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.1 No.2

간세포 담세관의 주위세포질에는 미세사가 풍부하게 분포하는데, 이 실험에서는 배양 간세포의 미세사형성을 촉진 또는 억제시킨 후에 담세관 및 세포질소기관의 미세구조를 관찰하여 미세사의 형태학적 및 기능적 의의를 연구하였다. Sprague Dawley계 숫흰쥐의 간조직에 IV형 collagenaseㄹ를 처리하여 간세포를 분리한 후 배양하며 phalloidin(미세사 중합 촉진제)이나 cytochalasin D(미세사 중합 억제제)를 배지에 투여하고 전자현미경으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 분리된 간세포 세포질에는 골지복합체와 소포 및 용해소체들이 세포의 일부분에 분포되어 생체의 간세포와 같이 세포질소기관 분포의 극성을 나타냈다. 2. Phalloidin와 cytochalasin D 투여군이 담세관은 확장되고 미세융모의 소실이 뚜렷하였다. Phalloidin투여군에서는 미세사가 증식되고 외형질층이 두터워져 담세관은 경직된 모습이었고, cytochalasin D투여군에서는 미세사가 감소되고 담세관의 확장은 더욱 심했다. 3. Phalloidin이나 cytochalasin D 투여군 모두에서 간세포 표면에는 세포질이 돌출되었다. Phalloidin투여군에서는 돌출부의 연결부분이 잘록하였고 외형질에 미세사가 증식되어 돌출부와 세포질을 분리시키고 있었다. 반면에 cytochalasin D투여군에서는 외형질층에서 미세사가 뚜렷한 감소되었고 각종 세포질소기관들이 포함된 채로 세포질 일부를 밀고나와 반구형의 돌출부를 이루었고 연결부는 넓었다. 4. 세포질에는 많은 소포와 공포들이 융합되어 세포의 주변부분이나 담세관주위에 세포내공간이 형성되었는데, 이 공간은 세포바깥이나 담세관과 교통되었다. 이상의 결과를 보면, 미세사가 증식 혹은 감소되면 배양간세포의 모습이 변화되며, 담즙의 이동에도 장애가 생겨 담즙정체를 일으킨다. 따라서 미세사는 간세포의 형태유지 및 담즙분비에 중요하게 관여하는 것으로 생각된다. The cytoplasmic microfilaments of hepatocytes are abundant beneath the plasma membrane, especially in the pericanalicular ectoplasm. In this study, the ultrastructural changes of bile canaliculus and cytoplasmic organelles induced by alteration of the microfilaments on the cultured rat hepatocytes were examined. Sprague-Dawley rats(male, about 200gm) were used. The isolated hepatocytes obtained by perfusion of 0.05% collagenase type IV through the portal vein, were cultred in the L-15 medium containing phalloidin(stabilizer of microfilaments) or cytochalasin D(destabilizer of microfilaments) for 10 min, 30 min, 1 hour, 2 hours, 4 hours, 10 hours and 20 hours, respecitvely. The hepatocytes on the cultured dish were fixed in 2.5% glutaradehyde -1.5% paraformaldehyde and 1% osmium tetroside. After alcohol dehydration, the cells were embedded in the araldite mixture. Ultrathin sections were contrasted with uranyl acetate and lead citrate, and observed with JEM100 CX-II electron microscope. The results were as follow: 1. Isolated hepatocytes maintained the typical architectionic relationships of secretory organelles, i.e., Golgi apparatus, vesicles, lysosomes, etc., in the vicinity of bile canalicular region. 2. In the phalloidin or cytochalasin D treated groups, bile canaliculi were dilated and devoid of microvilli. In phalloidin treated group, the pericanalicular ectoplasm containing the microfilaments microfilaments was thicker than that of cytochalasin D treated group. Whereas, the dilation of bile canaliculus was more marked in cytochalasin D group. 3. Both drugs, phalloidin or cytochalasin D, produced the alteration of cell shaper to form cytoplasmic protrusions at the cell surface. In the phalloidin treated group, protusions were pedunculated, and the microfilaments were accumulatd at the narrow neck region. In cytochalasin D treated group, in contrast, no microfilament barrier was seen at the broad base of protrusion which exhibit direct continuity with the internal cytoplasm. 4. Numerous vesicles and vacuoles were formed near the cell surface and perianalicular cytoplasm in the treated groups, and later in culture they fused each other to form large intracellular space. Eventurally. this space was connected to the extracellular space or bile canaliculus. This experiment demonstrated that excessive accumulation or depletion of microfilaments induced by phallyoidein or cytochalasin D altered the cell shape and disturbed the vesicular transport of bile components into bile canaliculi. The results suggest that dysfunction of microfilaments may play an imprtant role in the impairement of canalicular contraction and the integrity of microfilaments is necessary for the billiary secretin as well as for the maintainance of the cell shape of hepatocytes.

머리부분에 과량의 방사선을 조사받은 흰쥐 위점막 벽세포의 미세구조 연구

김용식,고정식,양남길,안의태,박경호 순천향의학연구소 1995 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.1 No.2

본 실험은 머리부분이 많은 양의 방사선에 노출되었을 때 위점막 벽세포에 나타나는 미세구조적 변화를 관찰하기 위하여 시행하였다. 실험동물로는 체중 200-250g의 건강한 숫흰쥐를 사용하였으며, 이를 정상군과 실험군(방사선 조사군)으로 나누었다. 실험군은 3,000 rad조사군과 6,000 rad조사군으로 구분하였으며, 방사선 조사후 6시간, 2일 및 6일후에 희생시켰다. 실험군은 sodium thiopental로 마취시킨후 치료방사기(Mitsubishi Linear Accelerator ML-4MV)를 사용하여 머리부분에만 분당 200 rad씩 X-선을 조사하였다. 위조직은 통상적인 전자현미경을 시료작성법에 따라 2.5% glutaraldehyde- 1.5% paraformaldehyde혼합액(0.1M phosphate buffer, pH 7.3)에 1차 고정한 후, 1% osmium tetroxide(0.1M phosphate buffer, pH 7.3)에 2차 고정하였다. 고정된 조직은 탈수과정을 거쳐 araldite혼합액에 포매하였으며, LKB-V ultratome르로 60-70nm두께의 얇은 절편을 작성하였다. 각 절편은 uranyl acetate와 lead citrate로 염색한후, JEM 100CX-Ⅱ전자현미경으로 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 방사선 조사후 6시간군의 경우, 위샘내강쪽으로 벽세포의 일부가 돌출되어 있는 것이 가끔 관찰되었으며, 미세사와 용해소체가 정상군의 것에 비하여 다소 증가되었으나 기타 세포질소기관의 미세구조적 변화는 관찰할 수 없었다. 2. 방사선 조사후 2일군이 경우, 미세사와 용해소체가 6시간군의 것에 비하여 더 많이 관찰되었다. 3. 방사선 조사후 6일군의 경우, 벽세포는 세포내세관과 미세융모가 미약하였으며 관소포구조의 막성구조가 파괴되고 세포질이 부분용해된 변성세포가 자주 관찰되었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 머리부분이 과도한 방사선에 노출되면 위점막의 벽세포는 초기에는 별다른 미세구조적 변화가 없으나 6일 정도가 지나면 분비기능에 관계된 미세구조들이 큰 손상을 받게 되므로 분비기능이 매우 약화된다고 생각된다. This experiment was performed to study the morphological responses of the gastric parietal cells of the head-irradiated rats. Male rats were divided into normal and experimental groups. The head region of the rat, under sodium thiopental anesthesia. was exposed to 3,000rads or 6,000rads of X-ray radiation in a single dose, respectively. The source was a Mitsubishi Linear Accelerator ML-4MV. The target to skin distance was 80cm, and the dose rate was 200rads/min. The rats of experimental groups were sacrificed on the 6 hours, 2 days and 6 days after X-ray irradiation. Pieces of the tissue taken from the body of the stomach were fixed in 2.5% glutaraldehyde-1.5% paraformaldehyde(0.1M Millonig's phosphate buffer, pH 7.3), and in 1% osmium tetroxide(0.1M Milloning's phosphate buffer, pH 7.3), and embedded in araldite mixture. The ultrathin sections stained with uranyl acetate and lead citrate were observed with JEM 100CX-II electron microscope. The results were as follow: 1. The morphological changes of the parietal cells were not pronounced, six hours after head irradiation. But the parietal cells protruding into the lumen of the gastric gland were infrequently observed and amounts of the microfilaments and lysosomes were slightly increased as compared with those of the control gorup. 2. Two days following irradiation, bundles of the microfilaments and the lysosome in the parietal cells were more frequently observed than those observed in the six hours group. 3. Dramatic decrease of intracellular canaliculi and microvilli of the parietal cells were observed on the 6th day, and destruction of tubulovesicular structures and partial cytolysis or necrosis were observed frequently. Above results suggest that high dose of head irradiation induces indirect hazardous effects on the gastric parietal cells of the rat, and the irradiated animals might suffered from weak acid secretion of the parietal cell, since the large number of the parietal cells are degenerated within a few days following irradiation.

야생 등줄쥐 (Apodemus agrarius coreae) 간뇌의 Dopamine성 신경세포

정영길,이남섭,민성기,김무강 대한해부학회 1997 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.30 No.6

손상받은고양이 줄무늬체에서 축삭반응에 관한 미세구조적 연구

양남길,조영열,안의태,고정식,박경호,김진국 대한해부학회 1994 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.27 No.3

성인 물질남용 환자의 치료결과와 관련된 요인

김길숙,박용천,남정현,안동현,오동열 大韓神經精神醫學會 1998 신경정신의학 Vol.37 No.5

목 적 : 본 연구는 성인 물질남용 환자의 치료프로그램 탈락율, 치료결과 및 예후에 영향을 미치는 요인을 알아보기 위해 시행되었다. 방 법 : 1992년 9월 1일부터 1997년 4월 15일까지 국립서울정신병원 물질남용 입원치료프로그램에서 치료를 받고 퇴원한 환자 97명을 대상으로 병록지 검토를 통해 인구학적 특징, 물질남용상의 특징, 입원전 위험 행동력, 치료기간중의 특징이 치료완료여부와 관련이 있는지 분석해 보았고, 이중 전화추적조사가 가능했던 53명을 대상으로 물질남용 중단여부를 조사하고, 이와 관련된 요인을 알아보았다. 결 과 : 1) 퇴원형태에 따라 59명의 탈락군(60.8%)과 38명의 완료군(39.2%)으로 나누어 비교한 결과 탈락군은 입원기간이 짧고, 자의 입원율이 낮으며, 난폭행동의 과거력이 많고, 규칙위반의 횟수가 많은 것으로 나타났다(p〈.05), 프로그램에서 탈락한 주 이유는 병동내 규칙위반(45.3%), 산책중 도망(23.7%), 외출, 외박중 미귀원(15.2%)의 순이었다. 2) 전화로 추적조사가 가능했던 53명중 32명이 물질남용을 중단했고(60.4%). 21명이 아직 남용중인 것으로(39.6%) 나타났다. 남용군은 공존정신질환의 빈도가 높고, 과거 정신과적 입원 횟수가 많으며, 자살기도력의 빈도가 높은 것으로 나타났다(p〈.05). 3) 물질남용을 중단하게 된 계기는 국립서울정신병원의 치료프로그램에 참여하고 난 후가 45.3%로 가장 많았고, 치료를 완료한 환자일수록 퇴원후 치료결과가 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 물질남용을 중단한 환자일수록 직업을 가지고 있는 경우가 더 많았다(p〈.05). 결 론 : 물질남용 여부는 공존정신질환, 과거정신과적 입원횟수, 자살기도력등 동반된 정신과적 문제와 관련이 많은 것으로 나타나 이런 요인들에 대한 철저한 평가 및 치료가 필요할 것으로 추측되고, 환자의 동기는 치료를 완료하는 중요한 요인으로 나타나 입원 과정에서 치료에 대한 동기를 강화시킬 수 있는 정신과적 면담이나 전략이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Objectives : We investigated the factors related to the treatment outcome for substance abuse inpatients. Methods : We reviewed the medical records of 97 patients who were discharged from the substance abuse treatment unit in Seoul National Mental Hospital. We then had follow-up telephone interview with 53 family members and / or patents of 97 patients. Results : 1) Among 97 discharged patients, 59 patients were dropped out, 38 patients graduated successfully from the treatment program. The dropout group had shorter treatment period, were more often admitted involuntarily, had greater incidence of violence history and violated ward rules more often(P<0.5). The main reasons for dropout were violation of rules(45.3%), escape during outdoor activities(3.7%), and refusal of return to the hospital(15.2%). 2) At the follow-up interview, 32 patients were abstaining from substances whereas 21 patients resumed use. The abuser group had more previous psychiatric admissions, more comorbid psychiatric disorders, and higher percentage of history of suicide attempts than the abstaining group(P<0.5). 3) After the discharge from the hospital, 45% of patients showed to discontinue substance. Treatment graduates were more in recovery from substance abuse. The abstaining group had a higher percentage of employment than the abuser group(P<0.5). Conclusion : The treatment outcome was more likely to be related with co-existing psychiatric problems such as previous psychiatric admission, comorbid psychiatric disorders, and history of suicide attempts. Therefore it is suggested that careful evaluation and appropriate treatment for such factors are needed for better treatment outcome. And psychiatric interview to enhance the motivation of patients is needed for completion of treatment.