Interleukin-1B(1L-1B) polymorphisms and gastric mucosal levels of IL-Iβ cytokine in Korean patients with gastric cancer

Chang, Young-Woon,Jang, Jae-Young,Kim, Nam-Hoon,Lee, Jae Won,Lee, Hyo Jung,Jung, Woon Won,Dong, Seok-Ho,Kim, Hyo-Jong,Kim, Byung-Ho,Lee, Joung-Il,Rin Chang KYUNG HEE UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CENTER 2006 고황의학상 수상논문집 Vol.21-22 No.-

Interleukin-1B and IL-1 receptor antagonist gene polymorphisms are associated with an increased risk of gastric cancer (GC) in Caucasian populations. However, recent studies could not find any association between IL-1B-511T polymorphism and the risk of GC in Asians. We tested for an association between IL-1 loci polymorphisms with increased gastric mucosal levels of IL-1β and an increased risk of developing GC in a Korean population. Polymorphisms of IL-1A-889, IL-1B-31, IL-1B-511 and IL-1RN were genotyped in 434 controls and 234 patients with GC. Mucosal IL-1β cytokine was measured using an ELISA. The frequencies of IL-1A, IL-1B-511, IL-1B-31 and IL-1RN were not statistically different between controls and all patients with GC. After subclassification of GC, only patients with intestinal-type GC showed a higher frequency of IL-1B-31T homozygotes (OR = 2.2; 95% CI = 1.1-4.3) compared with controls. Risk was also significantly increased in these patients for IL-1B-31T homozygotes compared with patients with diffuse-type GC (OR = 3.4; 95% CI = 1.5-7.7). As in Caucasian populations, linkage disequilibrium between IL-1B-31 and IL-1B-511 was nearly complete, but the pattern of haplotype related to the risk of GC (IL-1B-31T/IL-1B-511C) was opposite (IL-1B-511T/IL-1B-31C). Mucosal IL-1β levels in H. pylori-infected GC patients were higher in patients homozygous for IL-1B-31T compared with IL-1B-31C/T and IL-1B-31C/C. Thus, the combined effects of H. pylori infection and IL-1B-31T/IL-1B-511C polymorphisms with enhanced mucosal IL-1β production contributed to the development of intestinal-type GC in this Korean population.

Interleukin-17이 배양된 류마티스관절염 활막세포에서 vascular endothelial growth factor 생성에 미치는 영향

곽임수 ( Ihm Soo Kwak ),남태수 ( Tae Soo Nam ),나하연 ( Ha Yeon Rha ),서정탁 ( Jeung Tak Suh ),김유선 ( Yoo Sun Kim ),김성일 ( Sung Il Kim ) 대한류마티스학회 2001 대한류마티스학회지 Vol.8 No.3

Objective: To investigate the the effects of interleukin-17 (IL-17) on the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from cultured rheumatoid arthritis synoviocytes. Methods: Fibroblast-like synovial cells(FLS) were prepared from the synovial tissues of rheumatoid arthritis patients and cultured in the presence of IL-17, IL-17 with or without transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β), tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-1β(IL-1β). VEGF levels were determined in the culture supernatants by sandwitch ELISA. Results: Stimulation of FLS by serial concentration of IL-17, TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-1β increased the production of VEGF by 2.1-2.7, 2.2-3.0, 2.0-2.9, 2.3-3.1 fold over the constitutive levels of unstimulated FLS. Stimulation of FLS by IL-17 with TGF-β or TNF-α or IL-1β also increased the production of VEGF according to culture periods by 1.6-1.8, 1.1-1.9, 1.5-1.7 fold over the levels stimulated with TGF-β or TNF-α or IL-1β, respectively. This results indicated that IL-17 increased the effect of TGF-β, TNF-α, IL-1β on FLS, leading synergistic enhancement of VEGF production. Conclusion: IL-17 may be involved in the neovascularization in rheumatoid synovitis by enhancing the production of VEGF.

Free Paper Session : Upper Gastrointestinal Tract 1 ; Prevalence And Risk Factors For Atrophic Gastritis And Intestinal Metaplasia

( Na Young Kim ),( Dong Ho Lee ),( Joo Sung Kim ),( Hyun Chae Jung ),( In Sung Song ),( Kyung Phil Kang ),( Jung Hoon Lee ),( Jae Il Chung ),( Hyun Cheul Choi ),( Taek Man Nam ),( Sang Hyup Lee ),( Yo 대한소화기학회 2007 SIDDS Vol.9 No.-

Background/Aims: The prevalence of gastric cancer and Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection is high in Korea. This study was performed to evaluate the prevalence rate of atrophic gastritis (AG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM) and their risk factors in the aspect of Hp virulence factors, environmental and host factors in normal population. Methods: The subjects consisted of 389, 135 H. pylori-negative and 254 H. pylori-positive. AG and IM were scored histologically by the Sydney classification in the antrum and body, respectively. Prevalence rate and bacterial factors such as cagA, vacA m1, m2, and oipA; environmental factors such as smoking, alcohol drinking; host factors such as genetic polymorphisms for IL-IB-511, IL-IRN, TNF-A, IL-10-592, IL-10-819, IL-10-1082, IL-8-251, IL-6-572, GSTP1, and p53 codon 72 were evaluated. Risk factors were calculated by multiple logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence rate of AG increased from 25%, 0% in the age of 20s, 45% and 22% in the 40s and 50% and 35% in the over 70s in the antrum and body, respectively (p<0.001). In case of IM it increased from 11.1% and 6.4% in the 30s up to 43% and 43% in over 70s in the antrum and body, respectively, (p<0.001). The positive rates of AG and IM were significantly higher in the Hp-positive than in the Hp-negative subjects. Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors for AG were Hp infection, age ≥60, cagA and vacA m1 positive. In case of IM the risk factors were Hp infection, age ≥60, smoking, spicy food, occupation (unemployed or non professional vs. professional), IL6-572 G carrier over C/C and IL10-592 C/A vs. A/A. Conclusions: The prevalence rate of AG and IM increased proportional to age. The most risk factor for AG and IM was Hp infection. Bacterial factors were important for AG but environmental and host factors were rather important in case of IM.

金久永의 『病因論』에 나타난 의학사상 연구

김정원(Chong Won Kim),김남일(Nam il Kim),차웅석(Wung Seok Cha) 한국의사학회 2017 한국의사학회지 Vol.30 No.1

This paper is a study on the life and clinical reasoning of Kim Goo Young (1958-2014). Offering a new perspective through his interpretation of Donguibogam (東醫寶鑑), Kim introduced his unique theory of Korean medicine, ‘The Theory of Byeongin (病因論)’. Kim recognized the confusing situation of communication between people studying Korean medicine and tried to make a new standard based on the principle that many people can share. ‘The Theory of Byeongin offers a newly constituted 󰡔Donguibogam󰡕 focusing on ‘Byeongin’ (病因, pathologic origin) which can be translated as the cause of a disease. In so doing Kim recognized ‘Byeongin as the most important factor in ‘Byeonjeung’ (辨證, classifying the origin), or the classification method of symptoms. In addition, Kim recognized how ‘Byeongin was considered to be a diseased lifestyle, and tried interpreting. The patient’s lifestyle to treat diseases. As a result, ‘The Theory of Byeongin’ is a theory consisting of an intuitive structure, reducing notable elements like Yin Yang Five Movement theory. The theory s significant characteristic is its easy application in clinical settings due the established core principles which are based on Kim’s insight and clinical experience. This study contributes to the understanding of the theoretical and clinical development of Korean medicine through deeper studies on ‘The Theory of Byeongin and Kim s medical theory.

Soluble mediators from mesenchymal stem cells suppress T cell proliferation by inducing IL-10

Seung-Ha Yang,Min-Jung Park,Il-Hee Yoon,Su-Young Kim,So-Hee Hong,Jin-Young Shin,Hye-Young Nam,김용희,Bongi Kim,박정규 생화학분자생물학회 2009 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.41 No.5

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can inhibit T cell proliferation; however, the underlying mechanisms are not clear. In this study, we investigated the mechanisms of the immunoregulatory activity of MSCs on T cells. Irradiated MSCs co-cultured with either naïve or pre-activated T cells in a mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) significantly suppressed T cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner, irrespective of allogeneic disparity between responders and MSCs. Transwell assays revealed that the suppressive effect was primarily mediated by soluble factors that induced apoptosis. Splenocytes stimulated with alloantigen in the presence of the MSC culture supernatant (CS) produced a significant amount of IL-10, which was attributed to an increase in the number of IL-10 secreting cells, confirmed by an ELISPOT assay. The blockade of IL-10 and IL-10 receptor interaction by anti-IL-10 or anti-IL-10-receptor antibodies abrogated the suppressive capacity of MSC CS, indicating that IL-10 plays a major role in the suppression of T cell proliferation. The addition of 1-methyl-DL-tryptophan (1-MT), an indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) inhibitor, also restored the proliferative capacity of T cells. In conclusion, we demonstrated that soluble mediators from culture supernatant of MSCs could suppress the proliferation of both naïve and pre-activated T cells in which IL-10 and IDO play important roles.

An introduction to the recently excavated Chunggang Medical Records and research on their medical value

Kim, Nam-Il,Yun, Seng-Yick,Hong, Sae-Young,Ahn, Sang-Woo,Cha, Wung-Seok Kyung Hee Oriental Medicine Research Center 2007 Oriental pharmacy and experimental medicine Vol.7 No.2

This study is a report on recently discovered medical records based on traditional medicine in the 1900s. First, the contents of the records and their significance are described in detail. Next, a simple example of the research follows, in order to explain the medical and historical significance the records contain and to answer the question of how this historical document can contribute to future medical and historical studies. The documents dealt with in this study, the Chunggang Medical Records, are medical records compiled by a Korean doctor of oriental medicine by the name of Younghun Kim who practiced in the center of Seoul for a period of over 60 years. The records, which eventually amounted to over 1,500 books, were made known to the academic world when the descendents recently donated them to Kyunghee University. The reason these medical records attract so much attention from academic circles, even though they are the work of one individual, is that they contain abundant information on general public medical health at the time, in addition to the fact that Kim Younghun was a well known figure among Oriental Medicine doctors in Korea. The medical records start in 1915 and continue until Kim Younhun's death in 1974, though they have some damaged or missing parts. Kim's medical records are a gold mine not only for scholars studying the medical history of the early 1900s, but also for doctors trying to emulate the techniques embedded in a great predecessor's medical practice.

Comparison of Cytokine and Nitric Oxide Induction in Murine Macrophages between Whole Cell and Enzymatically Digested Bifidobacterium sp. Obtained from Monogastric Animals

Kim, Dong-Woon,Cho, Sung-Back,Lee, Hyun-Jeong,Chung, Wan-Tae,Kim, Kyoung-Hoon,HwangBo, Jong,Nam, In-Sik,Cho, Yong-Il,Yang, Mhan-Pyo,Chung, Il-Byung The Microbiological Society of Korea 2007 The journal of microbiology Vol.45 No.4

The principal objective of this study was to compare the effects of whole and hydrolyzed cells (bifidobacteria) treated with gastrointestinal digestive enzymes on the activation of cloned macrophages. Seven different strains of Bifidobacterium obtained from swine, chickens, and rats, were digested with pepsin followed by pancreatin and the precipitate (insoluble fraction) and supernatant (soluble fraction) obtained via centrifugation. The RAW 264.7 murine macrophages were incubated with either whole cells, the precipitate, or supernatant at various concentrations. Pronounced increases in the levels of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin $(IL)-1{\beta}$, IL-6, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor $(TNF)-{\alpha}$ were observed in the whole cells and precipitates, but these effects were less profound in the supernatants. The precipitates also evidenced a slight, but significant, inductive activity for NO and all tested cytokines, with the exception of $(TNF)-{\alpha}$ in the macrophage model as compared with the whole cells. By way of contrast, $(TNF)-{\alpha}$ production when cultured with whole cells (100 ng/ml) resulted in marked increases as compared with what was observed with the precipitates. The results of this study indicated, for the first time, that digested Bifidobacterium sp. can induce the production of NO and several cytokines in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. In the current study, it was demonstrated that Bifidobacterium strains treated with digestive enzymes, as compared with whole cells, are capable of stimulating the induction of macrophage mediators, which reflects that they may be able to modulate the gastrointestinal immune functions of the host.

Anti-inflammatory effect of Apo-9′-fucoxanthinone via inhibition of MAPKs and NF-kB signaling pathway in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages and zebrafish model

Kim, Eun-A,Kim, Seo-Young,Ye, Bo-Ram,Kim, Junseong,Ko, Seok-Chun,Lee, Won Woo,Kim, Kil-Nam,Choi, Il-Whan,Jung, Won-Kyo,Heo, Soo-Jin Elsevier 2018 INTERNATIONAL IMMUNOPHARMACOLOGY Vol.59 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, we confirmed the anti-inflammatory effect of Apo-9-fucoxanthinone (AF) in <I>in vitro</I> RAW 264.7 cells and <I>in vivo</I> zebrafish model. In lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated zebrafish, AF significantly decreased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO) and cell death. In addition, the mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), suppressed cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and an inflammatory cytokines; IL-1β, TNF-α were shown reduction. And AF significantly inhibited NO production and expression of iNOS in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Further, AF suppressed COX-2, prostaglandin E2 (PGE<SUB>2</SUB>), and pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) at 25, 50 and 100 μg/mL, respectively. Further mechanistic studies showed that AF suppressed the nuclear factor-kB (NF-kB) pathway and phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway molecules such as extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK). According to the results, AF can be used and applied as a useful anti-inflammatory agent of nutraceutical or pharmaceutical.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Anti-inflammatory effect of Apo-9-fucoxanthinone in <I>in vitro</I> RAW 264.7 cells and <I>in vivo</I> zebrafish </LI> <LI> Apo-9-fucoxanthinone suppressed NO production through NF-kB and MAPKs pathway. </LI> <LI> In LPS-stimulated zebrafish, Apo-9-fucoxanthinone significantly decreased ROS, NO, cell death and pro-inflammatory cytokines. </LI> <LI> Apo-9-fucoxanthinone can be extremely useful as an effective anti-inflammatory agent. </LI> </UL> </P>

The Effect of Abdominal Visceral Fat, Circulating Inflammatory Cytokines, and Leptin Levels on Reflux Esophagitis

( Su Youn Nam ),( Il Ju Choi ),( Kum Hei Ryu ),( Bum Joon Park ),( Young Woo Kim ),( Hyun Beom Kim ),( Jeongseon Kim ) 대한소화기기능성질환·운동학회 2015 Journal of Neurogastroenterology and Motility (JNM Vol.21 No.2

Background/Aims Although adipocytes secrete inflammatory cytokines and adipokines, their role in reflux esophagitis is controversial. We investigated the association between visceral fat and inflammatory cytokines or adipokines in reflux esophagitis. Methods Abdominal visceral fat and cytokines were measured in 66 individuals with reflux esophagitis and 66 age- and sex-matched controls. The mean values for visceral fat and cytokines were compared in cases and controls. Second, correlations between visceral fat and inflammatory cytokines were measured. Finally, multiple logistic regression models for odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to estimate the effects of visceral fat and cytokines on reflux esophagitis. Results Visceral fat, leptin, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β were higher in reflux esophagitis compared to controls. Visceral fat showed a strong positive correlation with IL-6 (r = 0.523, P < 0.001), IL-8 (r = 0.395, P < 0.001), and IL-1β (r = 0.557, P < 0.001), and a negative correlation with adiponectin (r = -0.466, P < 0.001). With adjusted analysis, visceral fat/100 (OR, 4.32; 95% CI, 2.18-8.58; P < 0.001) and leptin (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.10-1.69; P = 0.005) independently increased the risk of reflux esophagitis, but the effects of other cytokines were abolished. Conclusions Visceral fat may increase the risk of reflux esophagitis by increasing the levels of inflammatory cytokines. Leptin showed a positive association with reflux esophagitis that was independent of visceral fat. (J Neurogastroenterol Motil 2015;21:247-254)

Comparison of Cytokine and Nitric Oxide Induction in Murine Macrophages between Whole Cell and Enzymatically Digested Bifidobacterium sp. Obtained from Monogastric Animals

Dong Woon Kim,Sung Back Cho,Hyun Jeong Lee,Wan Tae Chung,Kyoung Hoon Kim,Jong Hwangbo,In Sik Nam,Young Il Cho,양만표,Il Byung Chung 한국미생물학회 2007 The journal of microbiology Vol.45 No.4

The principal objective of this study was to compare the effects of whole and hydrolyzed cells(bifidobacteria) treated with gastrointestinal digestive enzymes on the activation of cloned macrophages. Seven different strains of Bifidobacterium obtained from swine, chickens, and rats, were digested with pepsin followed by pancreatin and the precipitate (insoluble fraction) and supernatant (soluble fraction) obtained via centrifugation. The RAW 264.7 murine macrophages were incubated with either whole cells, the precipitate, or supernatant at various concentrations. Pronounced increases in the levels of nitric oxide (NO), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α were observed in the whole cells and precipitates, but these effects were less profound in the supernatants. The precipitates also evidenced a slight, but significant, inductive activity for NO and all tested cytokines, with the exception of TNF-α in the macrophage model as compared with the whole cells. By way of contrast, TNF-α production when cultured with whole cells (100 ng/ml) resulted in marked increases as compared with what was observed with the precipitates. The results of this study indicated, for the first time, that digested Bifidobacterium sp. can induce the production of NO and several cytokines in RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells. In the current study, it was demonstrated that Bifidobacterium strains treated with digestive enzymes, as compared with whole cells, are capable of stimulating the induction of macrophage mediators, which reflects that they may be able to modulate the gastrointestinal immune functions of the host.