초등학교 수학 학습 장애아동과 일반 아동간의 연산 오류 유형 비교 연구

전영례,안성우,김미경 한국특수아동학회 2003 특수아동교육연구 Vol.5 No.1

본 연구는 초등학교 수학 학습 장애 아동들의 연산 오류 유형을 일반 아동들과 비교하여 분석한 것이다. 초등학교 5학년과 6학년 아동 60명을 일반 아동과 수학 학습 장애 아동으로 각각 15명씩 나누어 네 집단으로 구분하고 수학 교과서 1-가 단계부터 4-가 단계까지 기초 연산에 대한 문제를 단계별로 4문항씩 총 228개의 문항을 구성하여 오류 검사를 시행하고 연산 오류 유형을 분석하였다. 수학 학습 장애 아동들은 자리값 오류, 명백한 계산 오류, 계산 순서 오류, 임의의 답, 무응답, 결함있는 알고리즘에서 오류를 많이 보였다. Mathematics lies at the heart of all knowledge, and simple computation (i.e., addition, subtraction, multiplication and division) is the aspect of mathematics that is most relevant to real life. Especially since the study of mathematics depends heavily on learning concepts in the proper sequence, students who fall behind initially typically have a hard time catching up with their peers and soon become completely frustrated with the subject. Through an analysis of the systematic and repeated errors committed by students who have difficulty with simple computations, this study seeks to determine the frequency and cause of each error pattern in the hope that this information may be employed in the future to help students with math learning disabilities(LDs). In this study, 30 normal students and 30 students with math learning disabilities were selected (in equal proportions) from the 5th and 6th grades of an elementary school in Pusan. These students were then administered a pre-prepared test. Differences among the 4 groups were determined by using the results to analyze their computational error patterns. The results are as follows. The errors committed by the students fit 9 patterns: operation mistakes (e.g., addition instead of subtraction), incomplete calculations (i.e., steps missing), improper digit placement, simple calculation errors, incorrect transcription (i.e., the student knows the answer but writes the wrong number), operations conducted out of order (e.g., addition before multiplication), random guesses, no attempted answer and flawed logic. Among students with math LDs, most mistakes involved improper digit placement, simple calculation errors, operations conducted out of order, random guesses, no attempted answer or flawed logic. Regardless of whether the students had a math LD, 6th graders made more mistakes involving incorrect transcription and operations conducted out of order than 5th graders. 5th graders with math LDs showed a particular tendency toward the random guess and no attempted answer patterns. Operation mistakes and incomplete calculations were prevalent among all the students in the study. A Chi-square analysis was conducted to test for relationships among the 9 error patterns and the 4 student groups. This analysis found that operation mistakes, incomplete calculations, incorrect transcription and operations conducted out of order were unrelated to the presence of a math LD, while improper digit placement, simple calculation errors, random guesses and flawed logic were linked to the presence of a math LD.

치위생사의 건강보험 요양급여기준과 치과진료수가기준에 대한 인지도

전미용,박경숙 중앙대학교 의과대학 간호학과 간호과학연구소 2000 중앙간호논문집 Vol.4 No.2

Korean health insurance finally established the whole national health insurance by its rapid development since the health insurance was conducted 12 years ago, and owing to the fact the meidcal usage of the people was suddenly increased. Consequently, in this study I tried to understand the degree of the knowledge after researching the degree of the recognition of the health insurance of dental sanitarians who worked in the dental meidcal organization, and to suggest the basic data about the importance of the future health insurance education and the effective educational program, I abstracted some people arbitrarily of 300 sanitarians who worked in dental clinics and dental medical centers located in Seoul from October 9th to October 28th 2000, and the I surveyed them with direct interviews, and finally I performed the statistical anaysis treatment on 228 people of those sanitarians above. The collected data were analyzed using SAS(Statistical Analysis System) program, and the conclusion I could find through the study is as follows. 1. The degree of the knowledge about the recuperation payment of the dental sanitarian was 3.07 as an average score, and in descending order they can be displayed as the outside-hospital prescription, recuperation payment process, and the objection request for the treatment fee, and on the other hand, the lowest one was the computation of the recuperation payment period. 2. The degree of the knowldege about the standard of the dental treatment cost fee of the dental sanitarian was 3.44 as an average score, and in descending order they can be displayed as the rapid daily charging treatment, muscular tube medical care, and the mouth surgery in the field of the dental disease treatment, and in ascending order the lower articles were the organ regeneration inducement treatment, bone organs deformity correcting treatment, and the dental muscular excision treatment in the field of the surgeon. 3. The degree of the knowldege in each general characteristic of the dental sanitarians was higher in those who were old enough and had a lot of clinical experiences and there was a lot of cases that the sanitarians themselves requested in the electronic documentary interchange way about the standard of the recuperation payment and the standard of the dental treatment cost fee. When summarizing those results above, in order to increase the degree of the knowledge about the health insurance of the sanitarians, the consistent and systematic payment education should be performed. Especially, because in the group which was consisted of people who were insufficiently aged and had unsatisfactory clinical experiences, the degree of knowledge about the health insurance was shown to be low, the work guid book about the recruit dental sanitarian should be prepared, and the systematic payment education and information service are thought to be necessary. Additionally, when educating about the payment to the dental sanitarian, the payment eudcation about the concrete contents such as the dental treatment and the calculation guideline for the remedy fee, medication prescription, and medicine compounding fee should be performed. The health insurance cost fee is bing changed continuously, and the payment education of the dental sanitarians should be performed continuously, and additionally because there is no insurance-inspecting dental sanitarian who charges the inspection work professionally, the cultivation of the specially trained employees and the institutional backup for increasing the participation degree in the payment education should be executed.

조선소 근로자에서의 국소진동장해 진단방법에 대한 평가

손 홍,전순자,주영수,조성일,최홍렬,김미경,김형식 大韓産業醫學會 1998 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.10 No.4

A hand-arm vibration syndrome, local vibration illness, occurs in some workers who use hand held vibration tools. It consists of white fingers, diffusely distributed finger neuropathy, pain in the hand and arm, and a small excess risk of osteoarthritis. This study is aimed to identify effective methods to confirm local vibration illness among various health exams, which are mentioned in worker's special health exam regulation. In addition, this study is aimed to quantitatively assess the daily vibration exposure level as a major determinant of vibration illness. The subjects, 46 vibration workers, were selected according to the results of the first special health exam about vibration hazards at shipbuilding industry in 1997. They all had experiences of work related blanching of fingers. Fifteen controls, who had no vibration exposure at all, were also recruited to compare their test results with the results of vibration workers. We adopted I subjective and 6 objective tests to evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility for confirming local vibration illness. These tests were history taking of subjective symptoms according to the Stockholm classification, checking blood pressure of finger, checking grasp power, checking finger skin temperature, nail-bed pressing test, vibration perceptional threshold test, and skin prick test for pain perception. Among these, checking skin temperature, nail-bed pressing test, and vibration perception test included cold water provocations. We also estimated some vibration exposure levels of hand held vibration tools by using previously published data from one automobile company. In conclusion, history taking of subjective symptoms according to the Stockholm classification, nail-bed pressing test, and vibration perceptional threshold test were discovered to be effective to diagnose local vibration illness. Furthermore, vibration perceptional threshold on right fingers showed a dose-response relationship to daily vibration exposure levels. The parameter β was 0.0005(±0.0002), and statistically significant by REM(random effects model).

Poster Session : Neurobiology: From Synapse to Memory ; Identification of a novel form of Mg(2+)-dependent neutral sphingomyelinase and its role in mitochondria-dependent apoptosis

( Kyong Hoon Ahn ),( Sung Yun Jung ),( Sang Mi Jung ),( Hyun Chul Jung ),( Mi Reyong Chin ),( Eui Man Jung ),( Seok Kyun Kim ),( Dong Hwan Jo ),( Hyung Jun Jeon ),( Kwang Mook Jung ),( Dae Kyong Kim ) 한국생화학분자생물학회 (구 한국생화학회) 2007 생화학분자생물학회 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.2007 No.-

정신지체 특수학교 수업의 교사 -학생간 질의응답 분석 연구

전경미 ( Kyong-mi Jeon ),전병운 ( Byung-un Jeon ) 한국유아특수교육학회 2003 유아특수교육연구 Vol.3 No.1

본 연구는 정신지체 특수학교 수업장면에서 발생하는 교사-학생간 질의응답을 분석하여 교사와 학생이 주고받는 의사소통 유형을 탐색함으로써, 교수-학습의 효율성 향상을 위한 기초 자료를 마련하는 데 목적이 있다. 이를 위해서 정신지체 특수학교 초등부 4, 5, 6학년 국어, 사회과 수업을 분석자료로 사용하였으며, 이성호(1999)의 교수행동의 이행에 따른 질문 유형과 주삼환(1988)의 질문분석표, Hyman의 질의 응답 분석법을 기초로 하여, 예비검사 후 정신지체 학생들에게 나타나지 않는 항목은 수정 보완하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 교사의 질문 유형의 특성은 교사들은 지금 가르치고 배우는 특정내용에 집중하도록 하는 초점을 맞추기 위한 질문을 가장 많이 하고, 학생들의 응답이 없거나 답이 부적절할 때 보충 정보를 제공하는 부가적인 보조질문을 거의 하지 않으며, 질문 유형을 한 두가지만 사용하고 질문을 명확하고 구체적으로 하지 않고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 학생들의 응답태도 특성은 학생들은 교사의 질문에 한 단어나 간단한 동작으로 응답하고 있으며, SQ 40이하인 학생들은 수업에서 소외됨이 나타났다. 셋째, 상호작용 유형은 교사주도형 “요청-응답-반응”의 구조와 “요청-응답”의 구조이며, 대화 연쇄 구조에 변형이 일어나는 경우는 거의 없었다. The purpose of this study is to analyze question and respond between teacher and students and examine the communication type they exchange, so to find out whether this interaction between teacher and students is appropriate or not, and prepare a foundation of effort for improving efficiency of teaching-learning. To accomplish the purpose of this study, The researcher used Language Arts and Social Studies lessons from 4, 5, 6th grade in mental retardation school recorded by the researcher personally as a analysis data, and based on question type according to performance of teaching action by Lee Sung Ho(1999),Analysis table of student responding attitude by Ju Sam Hwan(1988) and Analysis method of question and answer by Hyman, the researcher used analysis frame after correcting sub-items of preliminary examination. The result of analysis is described below. First, the common peculiarity of question from the teacher was first, they ask questions focusing on certain matter about currently teaching and learning, and this is due to the intellectual level of children with mental retardation is poor. Second, they seldom ask additional subsidiary question(6.5%) which provide supplementary information when students can not respond or the respond was inappropriate, third, generally the questioning technique is insufficient. To improve the efficiency of lessons, it is important to improve the efficiency of questions which take large part of the lesson, but the teachers have tendency to ask questions with their own speech habits, and they repeat one or two types of questions. Therefore, teacher themselves need to work continuously on examining their question type and improving question technique. Next, examining the responding attitude of students, the answers are related to teachers’ questions, and generally dependent to teachers’ request. From the analysis results of this study, it showed that the word respond and non-word respond was 84.4% from answers of students and that means the students respond to teachers’ questions by words or simple action. But, students who are under SQ40 show their respond percentage about 8.2% which is very low. This means that the students are alienated from lessons and this gives awareness of serious demand for lessons by level. Finally, the interaction type is mainly structure of teacher-leading request- answer- response and structure of “request-answer”, and there is little change in conversational chain structure. The common peculiarity of interaction type defined in this study was first, the use of various requesting speech from teachers is insufficient. Because of the peculiarity of children with mental retardation, lack of linguistic ability, intellectual inferiority, lack of voluntary and active participation, there suppose to be many requests and questions from teachers so the teachers have to use various kinds of requesting speech to make students participate in lessons and to lead the class. Second, the appropriate response from teachers is insufficient. The response from teacher is a part of effective teaching process by returning information to individual about the action of students or suitableness of the response. Therefore, teachers should provide appropriate feedback by relating with the responses from students.

Desmin Binding Property of Nebulin Isoforms

Jeon Eun-Hee,Lee Yeong-Mi,Lee Min-A,Kim Ji-Hee,Choi Jae-Kyong,Park Eun-Ran,Kim Hyun-Suk,Ahn Seung-Ju,Min Byung-In,Joo Young-Mi,Kim Chong-Rak The Korean Society for Biomedical Laboratory Scien 2006 Journal of biomedical laboratory sciences Vol.12 No.2

Nebulin is a giant ($600{\sim}900$ kDa), modular sarcomeric protein proposed to regulate the assembly, and to specify the precise lengths of actin filamints in vertebrate skeletal muscles. Recently, There is an evidence that the nebulin also expressed in non muscle tissue, brain and liver. We identified a new isoform of nebulin from adult brain library by PCR screening. It contains two simple-repeats exon 165, 166 and linker-repeats exon $154{\sim}161$ except exon 159. The nebulin modules M160 to M170 (exon 150 to exon 161) has been shown to bind desmin. In mature striated muscle, desmin intermediate filaments surround Z-discs and link individual myofibrils laterally at their Z-discs and to other intracellular structures, including the costameres and the intercalated discs of the sarcolemma, sarcoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria, T-tubules, and nuclei. Therefore, it is an interesting possibility that the differential splice pathways within the linker region of nebulin modify the affinity of nebulin's interaction with desmin. The specific interactions of nebulin and desmin were confirmed in vivo by yeast two hybrid experiments. To verify in the cellular level the interaction between nebulin isoform and desmin, we transfected COS-7 cell with EGFP-tagged nebulin and DsRed-tagged desmin. Based on evidence showing that despite exon 159 was deleted, the new isoform of nebulin was interact with desmin. This suggest that nebulin in brain may interact with another intermediate filament. The conservation of these ligand-binding capacity in brain and skeletal nebulins suggest that nebulins may have conserved roles in brain and skeletal muscle.

배양한 사람골격근세포에서 PPARγ에 의한 muscle fatty acid binding protein의 발현조절

전현정,신원식,김정미,홍혜경,박경수,김성연,이홍규 대한당뇨병학회 2002 Diabetes and Metabolism Journal Vol.24 No.4

연구배경:Fatty acid binding protein(FABP)는 세포내로의 지방산 이동에 관여하며 이외에도 세포내 지방산의 계면활성작용 효과 중화 및 세포내 신호전달체계에 관여하는 것으로 알려져 세포내 대사과정에 중요한 역할을 담당하는 것으로 생각되고 있다. 이러한 FABP은 간, 지방조직, 심장 뿐만 아니라 골격근 내에도 전체 단백질의 2%를 차지하고 있다. 한편 PPARγ는 지방대사에 관여하는 중요한 전사인자로서 간이나 지방조직의 FABP는 모두 PPARγ에 의해 전사가 조절되며, FABP의 promoter 부위에는 PPRE( PPARγ responsive element)가 있음이 증명되어 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 간이나 지방조직의 FABP발현조절에 PPARγ가 관여함에 근거하여 근육에서의 FABP의 발현조절에 PPARγ가 영향을 미칠 가능성을 확인하기 위해 배양된 사람 골격근세포를 이용하여 mFABP의 발현에 PPARγ가 관여하는 지를 알아보았다. 방법:사람 골격근조직으로부터 골격근아세포를 분리하여 4∼6주간 SkGM으로 배양한 후 4일간 αMEM으로 배양하여 골격근세포로 분화시켰다. 4일간의 분화기간 중 PPARγ ligand인 troglitazone을 주거나 분화기간 중 3일째에 재조합 Ad­ PPARγ1를 형질도입시킨 후 48시간 뒤에 세포를 수거하여 mFABP의 mRNA발현을 측정하였다. 결과:배양된 사람 골격근세포의 mFABP발현은 PPARγ ligand인 troglitazone 자극에 의해 약 4배로 유의하게 증가하였다. 재조합 Ad­β­galactosidase를 이입시킨 후에는 mFABP의 발현은 변화가 없었으나 재조합 Ad­ PPARγ1를 이입시킨 경우에는 이입시킨 양에 따라 mFABP의 mRNA의 발현이 현저하게 증가함을 관찰하였다. 결론:사람 골격근세포에서 MFABP는 PPARγ ligand 및 PPARγ양의 증가에 의해 발현조절됨을 보여주고 있다. Background : Fatty acid binding protein (FABP), putative mammalian fatty acid transporter, plays a role in fatty acid transport, the modulation of cellularsignal transduction pathways and the protection against detergent like effects of fatty acids. FABP found in liver, adipose tissue, heart, skeletal muscle and FABP in skeletal muscle accounts for 2% of total protein mass. FABP expression has shown to be up-regulated by PPARγ in liver and adipocyte. Adipocyte and liver FABP genes have a functional PPRE (PPARγ responsive element) in their promoter region. This evidence led us to investigate for a possible the regulation of m FABP expression by PPARγ in cultured human skeletal muscle cell. Methods : Myoblast were cultured in SkG M for 4weeks and were differentiated into myocyte in αMEM for 4days. The myocytes were treated with PPARγ ligand (troglitazone : 5 ㎍/ mL) or transduction with adenovirus-PPARγ1 (Ad-PPARγ1). m FABP expression was identified by northern blot. Results : m FABP expression was up-regulated by 4.0± 1.2 fold in the PPARγ ligand (p < 0.05). There was increased in m FABP expression with transduction with adenovirus-PPARγ1 while there was no change in m FABP expression which transducted with adenovirus -β-galactosidase. Conclusion : These results demonstrates that m FABP expression is up-regulated by both PPARγ ligand and by PPARγ1 over expression in cultured human skeletal muscle cells (J Kor Diabetes Asso 413~420, 2000).

Patterned nano-sized gold dots within FET channel: from fabrication to alignment of single walled carbon nanotube networks

Jeon, Hwan-Jin,Baek, Youn-Kyoung,Yang, Seung Bo,Lee, Su-kyong,Jung, Jin-Mi,Jung, Hee-Tae Royal Society of Chemistry 2011 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.21 No.37

<P>We have introduced patterned gold dots between the electrodes of single walled carbon nanotube (SWNT) network films, to effectively guide the path of randomly assembled nanotube networks. Direct visualization results show well-aligned SWNT networks across the gold dots, generating improved SWNT–FET performance with a high on/off ratio of 10<SUP>4</SUP> and 85 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>−1</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP> mobility, a remarkable enhancement compared to SWNT–FET in the absence of patterned gold dots. Unlike previously reported alignment techniques used, the proposed method affords the selective alignment of SWNTs within electrodes at room temperature without any direct growth on the device surface, and without the need for further alignment procedures. Thus, this gold-dot pattern technique within FET channel has proven to be truly simple, reliable and cost-effective. We discuss the effect of the voltage, channel size and feature dimensions of the gold nanopatterns in field effect transistor (FET) structures.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>We introduce highly periodic nanoscale gold dots within FET channel using soft nanoimprint lithography, in order to achieve the high performance SWNTs-FET device by aligning SWNTs along gold dots. <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c1jm11241d'> </P>

Reduced Atherosclerosis in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice Overexpressing RELMα

Mi Ran Lee,Hyung Jun Jeon,Ji Young Yoo,Cha Kyong Song,Jong Gil Park,Mi Ni Lee,Bora Kim,In Hyuk Jung,Se Jin Jeong,Kwang Lae Hoe,Jae Wha Kim,Goo Taeg Oh 한국지질동맥경화학회(구 한국지질학회) 2007 한국지질동맥경화학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2007 No.-

Revealing the Spatial Distribution of Inorganic Elements in Rice Grains

Jeon, Ji Suk,Choi, Sung Hwa,Lee, Ji Yeon,Kim, Ji A,Yang, Young Mi,Song, Eun Ji,Kim, Jae Sung,Yang, Jung Seok,Kim, Kyong Su,Yoo, Jong Hyun,Kim, Hai Dong,Park, Kyung Su Korean Chemical Society 2014 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.35 No.11

Femtosecond laser ablation (fs LA) was used in this study to identify pollution by heavy metals and the distribution of elemental nutrients at different rice milling ratios. Polished rice (degrees of milling of 3, 5, 7, 9, and 11) was collected from major Korean supermarkets and one sample thereof was selected. An internal quality control experiment was conducted using a rice flour certified reference material from the Korea Research Institute of Standards and Science (KRISS CRM) for the evaluation of the efficacy. To assess the effectiveness of the analysis method, the reliability was validated using a food analysis performance assessment scheme (FAPAS), with chili powder serving as an external quality control. The results of the analysis of the inorganic elements Ti, Ca, Al, Fe and Mn in white and brown rice with degrees of milling of 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 using ICP-MS, ICP-OES and AAS revealed contents of 0.40, 49.2, 2.43, 5.36 and 10.3 mg/kg in white rice and 0.59, 78.0, 7.52, 11.0 and 18.5 mg/kg in brown rice, respectively. Among the elements, there were remarkable differences in the measured contents. By comparing the contents of the elements at different degrees of milling, Ti, Co, As, Ca, Al, Cu, Fe, and Mn were determined to be distributed on the surface of the rice grains, whereas the contents of Cd and Pb increased toward the center of the rice grains, and Si was evenly distributed. After the quantitative analysis of rice samples polished to different degrees of milling, Ca and Al, which were contained in large amounts, and Si were analyzed with specificity by fs LA. The results show that Ca and Al were distributed in the rice husk (protective covering of rice) and Si was distributed in all parts of the rice.