Valuation of ecosystem services in the organic carbon of the Pinus densiflora forest at Mt. Namsan, Seoul Metropolitan City

Lee, Eung-Pill,Lee, Soo-In,Jeong, Heon-Mo,Han, Young-Sub,Lee, Seung-Yeon,Park, Jae-Hoon,Jang, Rae-Ha,Hong, Youg-Sik,Jung, Young-Ho,Kim, Eui-Joo,Lee, Sang-Hun,You, Young-Han The Ecological Society of Korea 2019 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.43 No.4

Background: Standing biomass, litter production, rate of litter decomposition, amount of litter on forest floor, and amount of soil organic carbon distribution were investigated from March 2016 to November 2018 in order to evaluate the ecosystem value through organic carbon distribution in the Pinus densiflora forest at Namsan, Seoul Metropolitan City. Results: The amount of organic carbon in the Pinus densiflora forest was 261.09 ton C ha^-1 during the research period, and fixed organic carbon in plant through net photosynthesis was 3.2 ton C ha^-1 year^-1. The organic carbon in plant was 62.77 ton C ha^-1 (24.04%), in litter on the forest floor was 3.65 ton C ha^-1 (1.40%), and in soil was 194.67 ton C ha^-1 (74.56%). The value of plant, litter on forest floor, and soil organic carbon distribution were each 6,277,000 won ha^-1, 365, 000 won ha^-1, and 19,467,000 won ha^-1. The value per ton of fixed organic carbon in plant through net photosynthesis was 320,000 won ha^-1 year^-1 and the value of ecosystem services stored in carbon in the Namsan forest ecosystem was about 26.1 million won ha^-1 for 3 years. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that the pine forests of Namsan rapidly decompose leaves due to the high atmospheric temperature and accumulate a large amount of organic carbon in the soil to provide climate control regulatory service function.

P168 : Split-face comparison study of new hyaluronic acid filler for efficacy and safety of HA-IDF versus Restylane® for correction of nasolabial folds

( Jie Hyun Jeon ),( Joo Ha Kim ),( Jung Woo Lee ),( Kui Young Park ),( Seong Jun Seo ),( Hae Jun Song ) 대한피부과학회 2013 대한피부과학회 학술발표대회집 Vol.65 No.2

Background: After successive trials and failures of various injectable materials such as bovine collagen, polyacryamide, calcium hydroxylapatite, etc., hyaluronic acid (HA) has become the most popular filling material. Many new HA fillers are being produced for the purpose of correcting wrinkles and augmentation of soft tissue. Objectives: This study aimed to test the efficacy, tolerability, and safety of a new HA filler, HA-IDF (Yvoire Classic s touch-up, LG Life Sciences, Inc., Seoul, South Korea) and compare HA-IDF with Restylane (Q-Med, Uppsala, Sweden). Methods: Fifty-eight subjects with visible nasolabial folds (NLFs) were enrolled in a randomized, multi-center, single-blind, active-controlled, matched-pair clinical study. Each subject was injected with HA-IDF in one NLF and Restylane in the other. All participants were assessed for cosmetic change at 2, 10, 18, and 26 weeks. Results: At screening, the average Wrinkle Severity Rating Scale (WSRS) for both right and left NLFs was 3.24±0.43. After 26 weeks, the results were 2.56±0.09 for both groups. There was no significant difference in WSRS scores for wrinkle improvement and in incidence of adverse events for both HA filler treatments. Conclusion: The new HA filler HA-IDF is effective and safe for correcting NLFs.

Reducing Phosphorus Release from Paddy Soil by Coal Ash and Phospho-Gypsum Mixture

Lee, Chang Hoon,Lee, Yong Bok,Lee, Hyub,Ha, Byung Yun,Kim, Pil Joo 한국환경농학회 2005 한국환경농학회지 Vol.24 No.1

As a silicate source to rice, a coal ash was selected and mixed with phosphor-gypsum (50:50, wt wt^(-1)) to reduce the potential of boron toxicity and to supply calcium element We expected that high con-tent of calcium in this mixture might convert water-soluble phosphorus to less soluble forms and then reduce the release of soil phosphorus to surface runoff. The mixture was applied with the rate of 0, 20, 40, and 60 Mg ha^(-1) in paddy soil (Nagdong series, a somewhat excessively drained loamy fine sand) in Daegok, Jinju, Korea The mixture reduced significantly water-soluble phosphorus (W-P) in the surface soils by shifting from W-P and Fe-P to Ca-P and Al-P during whole rice cultivation. In contrast with W-P, plant available phosphorus increased significantly with the mixture application due to high content of phosphorus and silicate in the mixture. The mixture of coal ash and phosphor-gypsum (50:50, wt wt^(-1)) would be a good alternative to reduce a phosphorus export in rice paddy soil together with increasing rice yields.

Single‐Molecule Four‐Color FRET

Lee ,, Jinwoo,Lee ,, Sanghwa,Ragunathan, Kaushik,Joo, Chirlmin,Ha, Taekjip,Hohng, Sungchul WILEY‐VCH Verlag 2010 Angewandte Chemie Vol.122 No.51

<P><B>Sechs FRET‐Interfluorophoreffizienzen</B> <I>E</I><SUB><I>ij</I></SUB> (siehe Schema) wurden in Echtzeit durch eine Einzelmolekül‐Vierfarben‐FRET‐Technik mittels konfokaler Mikroskopie sowie Fluoreszenzmikroskopie mit interner Totalreflexion bestimmt. Das Verfahren wurde verwendet, um die korrelierte Bewegung der vier Arme der Holliday‐Junction und die Korrelation von RecA‐vermittelten Strangaustauschereignissen an beiden Enden eines synaptischen Komplexes zu untersuchen.</P>

Organic carbon distribution and budget of dominant woody plant community in the subalpine zone at volcanic Jeju Island, Korea

Jang, Rae-Ha,Lee, Seung-Yeon,Lee, Eung-Pill,Lee, Soo-In,Kim, Eui-Joo,Lee, Sang-Hun,You, Young-Han The Ecological Society of Korea 2019 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.43 No.4

Background: The Northern Hemisphere forest ecosystem is a major sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide, and the subalpine zone stores large amounts of carbon; however, their magnitude and distribution of stored carbon are still unclear. Results: To clarify the carbon distribution and carbon budget in the subalpine zone at volcanic Jeju Island, Korea, we report the C stock and changes therein owing to vegetation form, litter production, forest floor, and soil, and soil respiration between 2014 and 2016, for three subalpine forest ecosystems, namely, Abies koreana forest, Taxus cuspidata forest, and Juniperus chinensis var. sargentii forest. Organic carbon distribution of vegetation and NPP were bigger in the A. koreana forest than in the other two forests. However, the amount of soil organic carbon distribution was the highest in the J. chinensis var. sargentii forest. Compared to the amount of organic carbon distribution (AOCD) of aboveground vegetation (57.15 t C ha^-1) on the subalpine-alpine forest in India, AOCD of vegetation in the subalpine forest in Mt. Halla was below 50%, but AOCD of soil in Mt. Halla was higher. We also compared our results of organic carbon budget in subalpine forest at volcanic island with data synthesized from subalpine forests in various countries. Conclusions: The subalpine forest is a carbon reservoir that stores a large amount of organic carbon in the forest soils and is expected to provide a high level of ecosystem services.

건전지의 본질안전 방폭성 평가에 관한 연구

지승욱,이광식,이동인,박원주,이춘하,김하호 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1997 工業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.25 No.1

Ignitability of explosive gas mixture by spark of dry cell in case of short circuit by accident was studied for the purpose of evaluation of intrinsically safe characteristics of dry cell that manufactured in Korea. IEC type spark test apparatus, 21±2[vol%] of hydrogen-air mixture, and dry cell that produced in Korea was used for the experiment. The result of this research could be used for design, manufacturing and using the intrinsically safe electrical apparatus.

ACCase 저해 제초제 cyhalofop-butyl에 대한 경남지방 수집종 피의 저항성

원종찬,원옥재,하준,임일빈,강광식,변종영,박기웅,이증주,Won, Jong Chan,Won, Ok Jae,Ha, Jun,Im, Il-Bin,Kang, Kwang Sik,Pyon, Jong Yeong,Park, Kee Woong,Lee, Jeung Joo 한국잡초학회한국잔디학회 2018 Weed & Turfgrass Science Vol.7 No.2

Repeated use of ACCase inhibiting herbicides for a long time has resulted in increases of resistant Echinochloa oryzicola populations in paddy fields in middle west area of Korea. This study aims to investigate current status of herbicide resistant E. oryzicola in Gyeongsangnam-do, in which there is less information about herbicide resistance. For resistance frequency and dose-response study, seeds from 100 individual plants of E. oryzicola in Gyeongsangnam-do were collected and tested with cyhalofop-butyl. Seven percent of plants from Gyeongsangnam-do was resistant at a recommended rate of cyhalofop-butyl. $GR_{50}$ values (herbicide rates required to reduce plant growth 50%) for one representative resistant populations and five susceptible populations were $738g\;a.i.\;ha^{-1}$ and 66-234 (average 147)$g\;a.i.\;ha^{-1}$, respectively, indicating average 5 times difference in resistance. Although lower rate of frequency of herbicide resistance in Gyeongsangnam-do than in Jeollabuk-do, increases of herbicide resistance are expected in this area because of increases of direct seeded rice fields and increases of dependence on a specific herbicide. Therefore, it is necessary to monitor herbicide resistance regularly and conduct integrated herbicide resistance management in this area. 경남지역 제초제 저항성 피의 발생현황과 저항성 정도를 알아보기 위하여 벼 재배 논에서 100개체의 피 종자를 수집하여 ACCase 저해제인 cyhalofop-butyl에 대한 약량반응 실험을 수행한 결과, 수집한 피의 7%가 저항성으로 조사되었다. 선발된 감수성 5개체의 $GR_{50}$값은 평균 $147g\;a.i.\;ha^{-1}$로 나타났고, 함양 지역의 저항성 개체의 $GR_{50}$값은 $738g\;a.i.\;ha^{-1}$ 로 R/S (ratio of resistance to sensitivity)값은 5.01배로 나타났다. 현재 경남지역에서의 저항성 피의 발생 수준은 낮은 것으로 나타났지만, 저항성 피의 확산을 지연시키거나 막기 위해서는 주기적인 저항성 피의 모니터링과 체계적인 저항성 잡초 관리방안을 마련하여 수행할 필요가 있다.

합성피혁제조업체 근로자들의 요중 N-Methylformamide 농도의 계절적 변이

이광영,변주현,송혜란,김진하,고광욱,이용환 大韓産業醫學會 2003 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.15 No.2

목적: 본 연구는 여름과 겨울의 계절적 차이에 따른 디메틸포름아미드의 체내 흡수의 변화를 알아보고자 시행되었다. 방법: 일개 합성피혁제조업체에서 직접적으로 디메틸포름아미드를 취급하는 22명의 근로자들을 대상으로 2001년 2월(겨울)과 7월(여름)에 작업환경측정을 통해 기중 DMF농도를 측정하였고 특수건강검진을 실시하여 요중 NMF의 배설량을 측정하고 간기능 검사를 시행하였다. 또한 검사 당일의 평균 기온과 평균 습도를 측정하고 설문지를 통해 알코올 음주 정도, 피부 질환의 유무, 보호구 착용 유무 등을 조사한 후 여름과 겨울의 자료를 비교 분석하였다. 결과: 겨울과 여름의 평균 공기 중의 디메틸포름아미드 기하 평균 농도는 각각 11.55ppm, 13.78ppm으로 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었으나 요중엔-메틸포름아미드 배설량의 기하 평균은 겨울이 31.23㎎/g creatinine인 것에 비해 여름이 96.09㎎/g creatinine으로 겨울에 비해 여름의 요중 엔-메틸포름아미드 배설량이 유의하게 높았다(p<0.05). 공기 중 디메틸포름아미드 농도(ppm)에 대한 요중 엔-메틸포름아미드 배설량 (㎎/g creatinine)의 비는 여름(1:6.97)이 겨울(1:2.70)에 비해 약 2.6배 정도 높았다. 결론: 여름과 겨울의 요중 NMF배설량의 차이는 아마도 연구 대상 사업장의 환기 시설이 미약하고 근로자들이 DMF에 적합한 보호구를 적절하게 사용하지도 않았기 때문이고, 무엇보다도 높은 온도와 습도에서 짧은 옷을 입고 근무함으로써 피부 노출면적이 증가되어 DMF의 피부 흡수의 양이 많아졌기 때문으로 판단된다. Objectives: This study was carried out to identify seasonal variations of urinary concentrations of N-methylformamide(NMF) among workers employed at a synthetic leather factory. Methods: Study subjects consisted of 16 male and 6 female workers who were involved in the direct treatment of dimethylformamide(DMF) in a synthetic leather factory. By using health examination data and the results of air measurements and biologic monitoring conducted in February and July, 2001, we identified seasonal variations of the DMF concentrations in the air and NMF concentrations in urine. Results: 1) In winter and summer, average temperatures at the working sites were 3.2℃ and 26.5℃, respectively and average humidities were 35.4% and 84.5%, respectively. 2)Airborne DMF concentrations were not significantly different between summer(13.78ppm) and winter(11.55ppm). 3)NMF concentrations in urine were found to be significantly higher in summer(96.09㎎/g creatinine) than in winter(31.23㎎/g creatinine) (p<0.001). Conclusions: The seasonal difference in the urinary excretion values of NMF may be due to increased dermal absorption of DMF with the higher ambient temperature and humidity in summer and the increased area of exposed skin.

뇌 동맥류를 동반한 Takayasu's Arteritis 1례 : 증례 보고 Case Report

이하우,홍순기,한용표,허철,김헌주 대한신경외과학회 1992 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.21 No.5

A Case of Takayasu's arteritis associated with intracranial aneurysm is described. We discussed the clinical features, radiologic findings of the case, and reviewed the literatures of this disease entity.

전도성 고분자 센서 어레이를 이용한 휘발성 유기 화합물 가스 인식

이경문,주병수,유준부,황하룡,이병수,이덕동,변형기,허증수 한국센서학회 2002 센서학회지 Vol.11 No.5

휘발성 유기 화합물 가스(Volatile Organic Compounds)를 인식하고 분석하기 위하여 전도성 고분자 센서어레이를 이용한 시스템을 제작하였다. Polypyrrole와 Polyaniline을 화학중합법으로 센서에 전도성고분자막을 형성하였고 이를 통해 VOC 검지용 센서 어레이를 제작하였다. 센서어레이로부터 측정되는 다차원 데이터는 주성분분석법(PCA)과 RBF(Radial Basis Function Network)을 이용하였다. 제안된 시스템으로 VOCs 가스를 인식하는데 있어서 RBF Network이 PCA방식보다 더욱 효율적인 것으로 판단되었다. We fabricated gas recognition system using conducting polymer sensor array for recognizing and analyzing VOCs(Volatile Organic Compounds) gases. The polypyrrole and polyaniline thin film sensors which were made by chemical polymerization were employed to detect VOCs. The multi-dimensional sensor signals obtained from the sensor array were analyzed using PCA(principal component analysis) technique and RBF(radial basis function) Network. Throughout the experimental trails, we confirmed that RBF Network is effective than PCA technique in identifying VOCs.