Anti-Cancer Effect of Ginsenoside F₂ against Glioblastoma Multiforme in Xenograft Model in SD Rats

Shin, Ji-Yon,Lee, Jung-Min,Shin, Heon-Sub,Park, Sang-Yong,Yang, Jung-Eun,KimCho, So-Mi,Yi, Tae-Hoo The Korean Society of Ginseng 2012 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.36 No.1

The glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults. Despite combination treatments of radiation and chemotherapy, the survival periods are very short. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the potential of ginsenoside $F_2$ (F2) to treat GBM. In in vitro experiments with glioblastoma cells U373MG, F2 showed the cytotoxic effect with $IC_{50}$ of 50 ${\mu}g/mL$ through apoptosis, confirmed by DNA condensation and fragmentation. The cell population of cell cycle sub-G1 as indicative of apoptosis was also increased. In xenograft model in SD rats, F2 at dosage of 35 mg/kg weight was intravenously injected every two days. This reduced the tumor growth in magnetic resonance imaging images. The immunohistochemistry revealed that the anticancer activity might be mediated through inhibition of proliferation judged by Ki67 and apoptosis induced by activation of caspase-3 and -8. And the lowered expression of CD31 showed the reduction in blood vessel densities. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 for invasion of cancer was also inhibited. The cell populations with cancer stem cell markers of CD133 and nestin were reduced. The results of this study suggested that F2 could be a new potential chemotherapeutic drug for GBM treatment by inhibiting the growth and invasion of cancer.

구내 표준 방사선사진을 이용한 구내방사선촬영기의 선질 평가

이상섭,권혁락,심우현,오승현,이지연,전국진,김기덕,박창서 대한구강악안면방사선학회 2000 Imaging Science in Dentistry Vol.30 No.3

Purpose : This study was to evaluate the beam quality of intraoral X-ray equipments used at Yonsei University Dental Hospital (YUDH) using the half value layer (HVL) and the characteristic curve of intraoral standard X-ray film. Materials and Methods : The study was done using the intraoral X-ray equipments used at each clinical department at YUDH. Aluminum filter was used to determine the HVL. Intraoral standard film was used to get the characteristic curve of each intraoral X-ray equipment. Results : Most of the HVLs of intraoral X-ray equipments were higher than the least recommended thickness, but the REX 601 model used at the operative dentistry department and the X-707 model used at the pediatric dentistry department had HVLs lower than the recommended thickness. The slopes of the characteristic curves of films taken using the PANPAS 601 model and REX 601 model at operative dentistry department, the X-705 model of prosthodontic dentistry department, and the REX601 model at the student clinic were relatively low. Conclusion : HVL and the characteristic curve of X-ray film can be used to evaluate the beam quality of intraoral X-ray equipment. In order to get the best X-ray films with the least radiation exposure to patients and best diagnostic information in clinical dentistry, X-ray equipment should be managed in the planned and organized fashion. (Korean J Oral Maxillofac Radiol 2000; 30: 183-188)

Anti-Cancer Effect of Ginsenoside F₂ against Glioblastoma Multiforme in Xenograft Model in SD Rats

Ji Yon Shin,Jung Min Lee,Heon Sub Shin,Sang Yong Park,Jung Eun Yang,Somi Kim Cho,Tae-Hoo Yi 고려인삼학회 2012 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.36 No.1

The glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common malignant brain tumor in adults. Despite combination treatments of radiation and chemotherapy, the survival periods are very short. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the potential of ginsenoside F₂ (F2) to treat GBM. In in vitro experiments with glioblastoma cells U373MG, F2 showed the cytotoxic effect with IC?? of 50 ㎍/mL through apoptosis, confi rmed by DNA condensation and fragmentation. The cell population of cell cycle sub-G1 as indicative of apoptosis was also increased. In xenograft model in SD rats, F2 at dosage of 35 ㎎/㎏ weight was intravenously injected every two days. This reduced the tumor growth in magnetic resonance imaging images. The immunohistochemistry revealed that the anticancer activity might be mediated through inhibition of proliferation judged by Ki67 and apoptosis induced by activation of caspase-3 and -8. And the lowered expression of CD31 showed the reduction in blood vessel densities. The expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 for invasion of cancer was also inhibited. The cell populations with cancer stem cell markers of CD133 and nestin were reduced. The results of this study suggested that F2 could be a new potential chemotherapeutic drug for GBM treatment by inhibiting the growth and invasion of cancer.

여행업 종사원의 데이터베이스 마케팅 인식에 관한 연구

이윤섭,박지홍 문화관광연구학회 2001 문화관광연구 Vol.3 No.3

The purpose of this study is to present some desirables to build relationship with customer of Travel agency. In the future, the success and failure of travel agencies have to achieve effectively the corporate goals, positively coping with the corporate environmental changes in the transformation of the professional management system with the strong international responsiveness. In this respect, They have to concentrate on the customers focused on the environments and give the priority of customer's satisfaction in the process of carrying out the management. In travel agency management the importance of travel agency must be evaluated to form, develope and maintain building relationship with customer. It is possible for customer database marketing to attain the aim of marketing thru every activity by the stage of building relationship with customer, keeping relationship with customer, and interest maximization of both travel agency and customer.

특수체육 전공자들의 윤리적 민감성에 영향을 미치는 요인 분석

김지태 ( Ji Tae Kim ),이원섭 ( Won Sub Lee ) 한국특수체육학회 2012 한국특수체육학회지 Vol.20 No.1

이 연구는 특수체육 전공자들의 인구사회학적 특성에 따른 윤리적 민감성의 차이를 분석하고, 특수체육 전공자들의 개인적 요인과 조직적 요인이 윤리적 민감성에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 분석하는 것을 연구의 목적으로 하였다. 연구대상자는 2011년 현재 한국특수체육학회에 등록된 특수체육 전공자들을 모집단으로 하여 유목적 표집법(purposive sampling method)에 의해 추출된 특수체육 전공자 200명 이었다. 이에 수집된 자료 중조사내용 일부가 누락되었거나 불성실하게 답변한 23부를 제외한 총 177부의 자료를 최종 유효 표본으로 사용하였다. 이 연구의 조사도구로는 선행연구에서 조사된 설문지를 수정 및 보완하여 사용하였고, 조사절차는 연구자가 직접 기관을 방문하여 연구대상자들에게 설문에 대한 충분한 안내와 함께 설문참여에 대한 동의를 구한 후, 설문지를 배포하여 자기평가기입법으로 작성하게 한 후 현장에서 즉시 회수하였다. 조사된 자료의 분석방법은 SPSS WIN Ver 18.0 통계프로그램을 사용하여 독립 t-검증(independent t-test), 일원분산분석(one-way ANOVA), 상관관계분석(correlation analysis), 위계적 다중회귀분선(hierarchical multiple regression) 등을 활용하였으며, 그 결과 다음과 같은 결론에 도달하였다. 첫째, 특수체육 전공자들의 인구사회학적 변인 중 연령, 직업 경력, 윤리교육 유/무는 윤리적 민감성에 유의한 차이를 나타냈다. 둘째, 특수체육 전공자들의 개인적 요인과 조직적 요인은 윤리적 민감성에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 구체적으로 살펴보면, 개인적 요인으로는 통제위치에서 정(+)적으로 마키아벨리즘에서 부(-)적으로 윤리적 민감성에서 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 조직적 요인은 윤리풍토의 하위요인 중 하나인 원칙주의에서 정(+)적으로 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. The purpose of this study was to analyze factors that affect ethical sensibility of adapted physical education majors. The population of this study was set to be apecial physical education majors who are registered in Korean Society of Adapted Physical Activity and Exercise (KOSAPE) in 2011. Data collection was done by using widely-used purposive sampling method, from non-probability sampling methods to extract 200 copies in total from adapted physical education majors who have participated in spring and autumn symposium and who are currently working in Korea Sports Association for the Disabled (KOSAD) or related institutions. Here, 177 copies were used as the final valid samples for quantitative research, disregarding 23 incomplete copies. As the research methods, surveys that are revised and complemented ones from the previous researches, research procedures included visiting institutions and asking for agreement after explaining about surveys, and then distributing surveys to be completed by self- administered method and taking them back at sight. For the data analysis of this study, SPSS WIN Ver 18.0 was used with independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, and hierarchical multiple regression, to reach the following conclusion. First, age, job experiences, and whether they received ethics lessons out of variables of population sociology for Special Physical Education majors have shown meaningful differences on ethical sensibility. Second, individual factors and institutional factors were found out to be affecting ethical sensibility. Upon the individual factors, while locus of control was affecting ethical sensibility positively and Machiavellism was affecting ethical sensibility negatively. And on the institutional factors, principlism, one of the sub-factors of ethical climate, was influencing ethical sensibility.

손마사지가 허혈성 심질환 환자의 불안에 미치는 효과

현경선,이향련,공송심,윤경자,김현섭,김효남,최지원,김운정 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.2

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of a hand massage program on anxiety, vital sign and pain in clients with ischemic heart disease. The design utilized for this stuffy was quail-experimental with a nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design The subjects were fifty-four patients, twenty-eight for the experimental and twenty-six for the control group, who were admitted with ischemic heart diease at a cardiac intensive care unfit in K medical center of K university. This study was carried out from May, 1999 to March, 2000. The level of anxiety and pain measured by Visual Analogue Scale, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate were measured before and after hand massage, the state of Anxiety was measured by the Spielberger (1970) scale at admission and after hand massage for three days. The collected data were processed by using the SPSS PC program and analyzed using χ2-test and t-test. The result of this study are as follows : 1. The scores of VAS anxiety and State of anxiety of the experimental group were lower than those of the control group. 2. The degree of systolic blond pressure, diastolic blood pressure and pulse rate of the experimental group were lower than that of the control group. 3. The score of VAS pain of the experimental group was lower than that of the control group. The results suggested that hand massage can decrease VAS anxiety, State of anxiety, vital signs and VAS pain of patients who were admitted with ischemic heart disease at cardiac intensive care unit Therefore, It Is proposed that hand massage is an appropriate nursing intervention to relieve anxiety of the patients who were admitted with ischemic heart disease at a cardiac intensive care unit.

하천 복원을 위한 과거 및 현재 자료 기반의 하천지형학적 특성 분석: 미호천과 내성천을 중심으로

이찬주,김지성,김규호,신형섭,Lee, Chan Joo,Kim, Ji Sung,Kim, Kyu Ho,Shin, Hyoung Sub 한국수자원학회 2015 한국수자원학회논문집 Vol.48 No.3

하천 복원을 위한 기초 작업으로서 자연 상태에 가까운 하천의 지형학적 특성을 파악하기 위해 과거 및 현재 자료를 이용하여 하천지형학적 분석을 실시하였다. 대상 하천은 미호천과 내성천이다. 분석에 포함된 지형학적 변수는 하곡변수인 곡저폭, 하도 형상변수인 사행도, 강턱하폭, 하도경사, 구성재료 변수인 하상재료, 지배 변수인 강턱유량, 비유수력이며, 지배적인 프로세스가 함께 고려되었다. 분석 결과 두 하천은 비슷한 유역면적을 갖는 모래하천이지만, 곡저폭, 하도 형상변수, 종단적 위치에 따른 지배적인 프로세스 등에서 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 지형학적 변수들 사이의 상호 관계를 분석하였다. 그 결과 강턱하폭은 강턱유량에 비례하여 증가하였고, 그 경향성은 기존의 연구 결과와 대체로 일치하고 있다. 강턱유량과 하도경사를 분석한 결과 미호천은 사행하천과 망상하천의 특성을 나타내고 있는 반면, 내성천은 대부분의 구간에서 망상하천에 해당하는 것으로 나타났다. 하도경사와 하폭수심비 관계를 이용하여 지배적인 프로세스를 분석한 결과 미호천은 사구-연흔의 특성을 나타내고 있으나 내성천은 하류에서는 망상하천 특성이 지배적인 반면, 상류에서는 여울-소 내지는 평하상 특성이 지배적인 것으로 나타났다. 과거 자료를 이용한 분석 결과는 정비된 하천의 자료를 이용한 분석 결과에 비해 합리적인 것으로 나타났다. As a basic work for river restoration, analysis on fluvial geomorphological characteristics is made using past and present data to understand close-to-nature geomorphic status. The Miho and the Naesung Rivers are targets of this study. Fluvial geomorphic variables including valley-floor width, sinuosity, bankfull width, channel gradient, bed material size, bankfull discharge and unit stream power are evaluated with dominant processes. Though common sand-bed rivers with similar catchment area, the Miho and the Naesung Rivers are different in terms of valley-floor width, channel shape variables and dominant processes related with longitudinal location. In addition, analyses on interrelationship among the geomorphological variables are carried. Bankfull width is shown to be proportional to bankfull discharge, as is in a rough agreement with the previous studies. Relationship of bankfull discharge and channel gradient shows meandering and braiding are prevalent in the Miho River, whereas the most of the sub-reaches of the Naesung River fall to braiding. Relationship of channel gradient with width-depth ratio indicates dune-ripple processes are dominant in the Miho River, while the Naesung River shows longitudinal diversity from braiding in the downstream sub-reaches to riffle-pool and plane-bed along the upper ones. Analyses based on the past data on a river in a close-to-nature status are thought to be rather reasonable in comparison with those on the same river in a engineered condition.

Prediction of Decompensation and Death in Advanced Chronic Liver Disease Using Deep Learning Analysis of Gadoxetic Acid-Enhanced MRI

Heo Subin,이승수,Kim So Yeon,Lim Young-Suk,Park Hyo Jung,Yoon Jee Seok,Suk Heung-Il,Sung Yu Sub,Park Bumwoo,Lee Ji Sung 대한영상의학회 2022 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.23 No.12

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the usefulness of quantitative indices obtained from deep learning analysis of gadoxetic acid-enhanced hepatobiliary phase (HBP) MRI and their longitudinal changes in predicting decompensation and death in patients with advanced chronic liver disease (ACLD). Materials and Methods: We included patients who underwent baseline and 1-year follow-up MRI from a prospective cohort that underwent gadoxetic acid-enhanced MRI for hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance between November 2011 and August 2012 at a tertiary medical center. Baseline liver condition was categorized as non-ACLD, compensated ACLD, and decompensated ACLD. The liver-to-spleen signal intensity ratio (LS-SIR) and liver-to-spleen volume ratio (LS-VR) were automatically measured on the HBP images using a deep learning algorithm, and their percentage changes at the 1-year follow-up (ΔLS-SIR and ΔLS-VR) were calculated. The associations of the MRI indices with hepatic decompensation and a composite endpoint of liver-related death or transplantation were evaluated using a competing risk analysis with multivariable Fine and Gray regression models, including baseline parameters alone and both baseline and follow-up parameters. Results: Our study included 280 patients (153 male; mean age ± standard deviation, 57 ± 7.95 years) with non-ACLD, compensated ACLD, and decompensated ACLD in 32, 186, and 62 patients, respectively. Patients were followed for 11–117 months (median, 104 months). In patients with compensated ACLD, baseline LS-SIR (sub-distribution hazard ratio [sHR], 0.81; p = 0.034) and LS-VR (sHR, 0.71; p = 0.01) were independently associated with hepatic decompensation. The ∆LS-VR (sHR, 0.54; p = 0.002) was predictive of hepatic decompensation after adjusting for baseline variables. ∆LS-VR was an independent predictor of liver-related death or transplantation in patients with compensated ACLD (sHR, 0.46; p = 0.026) and decompensated ACLD (sHR, 0.61; p = 0.023). Conclusion: MRI indices automatically derived from the deep learning analysis of gadoxetic acid-enhanced HBP MRI can be used as prognostic markers in patients with ACLD.

자외선 및 블루영역 차단 화장품 응용을 위한 박막 판형 인공 칼라민 소재의 합성 및 특성 평가 연구

이정환,이건섭,조동현,홍다희,유재훈,곽지유,이희철,Lee, Jung-Hwan,Lee, Gun-Sub,Jo, Dong-Hyeon,Hong, Da-Hee,Yu, Jae-Hoon,Gwack, Ji-Yoo,Lee, Hee-Chul 대한화장품학회 2021 대한화장품학회지 Vol.47 No.3

자외선 및 블루영역 차단 기능을 갖는 화장품의 원료로 사용되기 위한 박막 판형의 ZnO 및 Fe₂O₃ 성분을 포함하는 인공 칼라민 세라믹 분말 소재를 합성하였다. 20 : 1에서 50 : 1 범위의 높은 종횡비를 가지는 (0001)면의 판형 ZnO 세라믹 분말 소재는 아연공기전지로 전력 생산한 후에 회수한 전해질을 출발 물질로 하여 징크아세테이트와 소듐시트레이트 혼합 용액에서 중화반응을 통한 석출로 합성하였다. 아이언 클로라이드 용액의 첨가량을 증가시키는 방법으로 인공 칼라민 세라믹 분말 내의 Fe₂O₃ 함량을 높일 수 있었으며, 이 경우 자외선뿐만 아니라 가시광선의 블루 영역을 일부 흡수하였다. 포타슘 아세테이트 용액을 첨가시킬 경우에는 Zn(OH)₄^2- 음이온의 분해를 촉진하여 (0001) 면 위에 수직 방향으로 격벽 형태로 성장한 박막을 얻을 수 있었는데, 이 경우 자외선을 흡수할 수 있는 기회가 증가하면서 자외선 흡수율이 증가하였다. 아이언 클로라이드 용액과 포타슘 아세테이트 용액의 첨가량을 함께 조절하면 박막 판형의 인공 칼라민 세라믹 분말의 조성 및 형상을 최적화시킬 수 있어서 화장품 제형을 진행할 경우 블루영역의 광투과도가 크게 감소하였다. In this study, we have prepared pure planar-type ZnO and calamine powder containing both ZnO and Fe₂O₃ components as a raw material for cosmetics with UV and blue band blocking functions. The planar-type ZnO ceramic powder having a high aspect ratio in the range of 20:1 to 50:1 was synthesized by precipitation method in a zinc acetate and sodium citrate mixed solution with the electrolyte obtained by power generation with a zinc-air battery. The content of Fe₂O₃ in the artificial calamine ceramic powder could be increased by increasing the amount of iron chloride solution added, and in this case, some of the blue region of visible light and ultraviolet light were remarkably absorbed. When potassium acetate was added, the decomposition of the Zn(OH)₄^2- anion in the solution was promoted to facilitate the growth of ZnO crystal in the form of a barrier wall in the vertical direction on the (0001) plane, which could increase UV absorption by providing more opportunities. By controlling the amount of iron chloride solution and potassium acetate solution added, the composition and shape of the thin film plate-shaped artificial calamine ceramic powder can be optimized, and when applied to cosmetic formulations, the light transmittance of the blue region can be greatly reduced.

Analysis on the phase transition behavior of Cu base bulk metallic glass by electrical resistivity measurement

Ji, Young Su,Chung, Sung Jae,Ok, Myoung-Ryul,Hong, Kyung Tae,Suh, Jin-Yoo,Byeon, Jai Won,Yoon, Jin-Kook,Lee, Kyung Hwan,Lee, Kyung Sub Elsevier 2007 Materials science & engineering. properties, micro Vol.449 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The crystallization behavior of Cu<SUB>43</SUB>Zr<SUB>43</SUB>Al<SUB>7</SUB>Ag<SUB>7</SUB> (numbers indicate at.%) bulk metallic glass was investigated using the isothermal electrical resistivity measurements at 450°C in the supercooled liquid region. The crystallization process is a single step phase transformation. To analyze the electrical resistivity reduction, microstructure evolutions were analyzed using differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy and small-angle X-ray scattering. The Avrami parameter of the electrical resistivity reduction step was 1.73, indicating that the crystallization process is a diffusion-controlled growth of intermetallic compounds with decreasing nucleation rate.</P>