Characterizations of four freshwater amoebae including opportunistic pathogens newly recorded in the Republic of Korea

Lee Hyeon Been,Park Jong Soo 한국생태학회 2023 Journal of Ecology and Environment Vol.47 No.3

Background: Free-living amoebae (FLA) are widely distributed in freshwater, seawater, soil, and extreme environments, and play a critical role as feeders on diverse preys in the ecosystem. Also, some FLA can become opportunistic pathogens in animals including humans. The taxa Amoebozoa and Heterolobosea are important amoeboid groups associated with human pathogens. However, the identification and habitat of amoebae belonging to Amoebozoa and Heterolobosea remain poorly reported in the Republic of Korea. This study highlights the first record for identification and source of four amoebae including putative pathogens in the Republic of Korea. Results: In the present study, four previously reported FLA were isolated from freshwaters in Sangju Gonggeomji Reservoir (strain GO001), one of the largest reservoirs during the Joseon Dynasty period, and along the Nakdong River, the largest river in the Republic of Korea (strains NR5-2, NR12-1, and NR14-1) for the first time. Microscopic observations and 18S rDNA phylogenetic trees revealed the four isolated strains to be Acanthamoeba polyphaga (strains NR5-2 and NR12-1), Tetramitus waccamawensis (strain GO001), and Naegleria australiensis (strain NR14-1). Strains NR5-2 and NR12-1 might be the same species and belonged to the morphological Group 2 and the T4 genotype of Acanthamoeba. Strain GO001 formed a clade with T. waccamawensis in 18S rDNA phylogeny, and showed morphological characteristics similar to previously recorded strains, although the species’ flagellate form was not observed. Strain NR14-1 had the typical morphology of Naegleria and formed a strongly supported clade with previously recorded strains of N. australiensis in phylogenetic analysis of 18S rDNA sequences. Conclusions: On the bases of morphological and molecular analyses, four strains of FLA were newly observed and classified in the Republic of Korea. Three strains belonging to the two species (A. polyphaga and N. australiensis) isolated from the Nakdong River have the potential to act as opportunistic pathogens that can cause fatal diseases (i.e. granulomatous amoebic encephalitis, Acanthamoeba Keratitis, and meningoencephalitis) in animals including humans. The Nakdong River in the Republic of Korea may provide a habitat for potentially pathogenic amoebae, but additional research is required to confirm the true pathogenicity of these FLA now known in the Republic of Korea.

전산화단층사진을 이용한 하악골 3차원 영상에서 비대칭진단 계측항목의 재현도에 관한 연구

김고운,김재형,이기헌,황현식 대한치과교정학회 2008 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.38 No.5

본 연구는 하악골 3차원 입체영상에서 비대칭계측항목들의 재현도 비교를 통하여 안면비대칭 진단 시 유용한 계측점 설정에 도움이 되고자 시행되었다. 40명의 두경부 전산화단층사진을 이용하여 생성한 3차원 영상에서 하악골 형태를 결정짓는 부위로 하악과두, 하악우각부, 하악정중부를 선택하고 각 부위의 세부위치에 따라, 그리고 측정 시 보는 각도에 따라 구분하여 하악과두의 경우 Cd_(sup_sup) 등 6개, 하악우각부의 경우 Go_(inf_lat) 등 10개, 하악정중부의 경우 Me_(ant), Me_(inf) 등 총 18개의 계측점을 설정한 후 이를 이용하여 하악골 비대칭 시 좌우 차이를 보일 수 있는 25개의 계측항목을 설정 및 계측한 후 조사자간 및 조사자내의 재현도를 비교 평가하였다. 조사자간 재현도의 경우 25개의 계측항목 중 3개를 제외한 모든 계측항목에서, 조사자내 재현도의 경우 2개 항목을 제외한 모든 계측항목에서 높은 재현도를 보였다. 아울러 본 연구에서 설정한 18개의 계측점 중 Go_(mid_lat), Go_(mid_obl)가 포함된 계측항목이 조사자간 및 조사자내 재현도가 떨어지는 경향을 보였다. 이상의 연구 결과 본 연구에서 사용된 18개의 계측점 중 16개의 계측점(과두를 나타내는 Cd_(sup_sup), Cd_(lat_ant), Cd_(lat_lat), Cd_(post_lat), Cd_(post_post), S, 하악우각부를 나타내는 Go_(inf_lat), Go_(inf_inf), Go_(lat_ant),Go_(lat_lat), Go_(post_lat), Go_(post_post), Ag_(lat), Ag_(inf), 하악정중부를 나타내는 Me_(ant), Me_(inf))은 높은 재현도를 보이므로 전산화단층사진을 이용한 하악골 3차원 영상에서 안면비대칭 환자의 진단에 유용하게 사용될 수 있음을 시사하였다. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of measurements representing asymmetry of the mandible and to identify which landmarks would be more useful in 3-dimensional (3D) CT imaging. Methods: Facial CT images were obtained from forty normal occlusion individuals. Eighteen landmarks were established from the condyle, gonion, and menton areas, and 25 measurements were constructed to represent asymmetry of the mandible; 8 for ramus length, 12 for mandibular body length, 1 for condylar neck length, 2 for frontal ramal inclination, and 2 for lateral ramal inclination. Inter- and intra-examiner reproducibility of the measurements was evaluated. Results: Inter-examiner reproducibility of the measurements proved to be high except for 3 measurements. Intra-examiner reproducibility also proved to be high except for 2 measurements. Interand intra-examiner reproducibility of the measurements including Gonion proved to be low. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that the landmarks and measurements constructed in 3D CT images can be used for the diagnosis of facial asymmetry.

전산화단층사진을 이용한 하악골 3차원 영상에서 비대칭진단 계측항목의 재현도에 관한 연구

김고운(Go-Woon Kim),김재형(Jae-Hyung Kim),이기헌(Ki-Heon Lee),황현식(Hyeon-Shik Hwang) 대한치과교정학회 2008 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.39 No.5

본 연구는 하악골 3차원 입체영상에서 비대칭계측항목들의 재현도 비교를 통하여 안면비대칭 진단 시 유용한 계측점 설정에 도움이 되고자 시행되었다. 40명의 두경부 전산화단층사진을 이용하여 생성한 3차원 영상에서 하악골 형태를 결정짓는 부위로 하악과두, 하악우각부, 하악정중부를 선택하고 각 부위의 세부위치에 따라, 그리고 측정 시 보는 각도에 따라 구분하여 하악과두의 경우Cd<SUB>sup_</SUB><SUB>sup</SUB> 등 6개, 하악우각부의 경우Go<SUB>inf_</SUB><SUB>lat</SUB> 등 10개, 하악정중부의 경우 Me<SUB>_</SUB><SUB>ant</SUB>, Me<SUB>_</SUB><SUB>inf</SUB> 등 총 18개의 계측점을 설정한 후 이를 이용하여 하악골 비대칭 시 좌우 차이를 보일 수 있는 25개의 계측항목을 설정 및 계측한 후 조사자간 및 조사자내의 재현도를 비교 평가하였다. 조사자간 재현도의 경우 25개의 계측항목 중 3개를 제외한 모든 계측항목에서, 조사자내 재현도의 경우 2개 항목을 제외한 모든 계측항목에서 높은 재현도를 보였다. 아울러 본 연구에서 설정한 18개의 계측점 중 Go<SUB>mid_</SUB><SUB>lat</SUB>, Go<SUB>mid_</SUB><SUB>obl</SUB>가 포함된 계측항목이 조사자간 및 조사자내 재현도가 떨어지는 경향을 보였다. 이상의 연구 결과 본 연구에서 사용된 18개의 계측점 중 16개의 계측점 (과두를 나타내는 Cd<SUB>sup_</SUB><SUB>sup</SUB>, Cd<SUB>lat_</SUB><SUB>ant</SUB>, Cd<SUB>lat_</SUB><SUB>lat</SUB>, Cd<SUB>post_</SUB><SUB>lat</SUB>, Cd<SUB>post_</SUB><SUB>post</SUB>, S, 하악우각부를 나타내는 Go<SUB>inf_</SUB><SUB>lat</SUB>, Go<SUB>inf_</SUB><SUB>inf</SUB>, Go<SUB>lat_</SUB><SUB>ant</SUB>, Go<SUB>lat_</SUB><SUB>lat</SUB>, Go<SUB>post_</SUB><SUB>lat</SUB>, Go<SUB>post_</SUB><SUB>post</SUB>, Ag<SUB>_</SUB><SUB>lat</SUB>, Ag<SUB>_</SUB><SUB>inf</SUB>, 하악정중부를 나타내는 Me<SUB>_</SUB><SUB>ant</SUB>, Me<SUB>_</SUB><SUB>inf</SUB>)은 높은 재현도를 보이므로 전산화단층사진을 이용한 하악골 3차원 영상에서 안면비대칭 환자의 진단에 유용하게 사용될 수 있음을 시사하였다. Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the reproducibility of measurements representing asymmetry of the mandible and to identify which landmarks would be more useful in 3-dimensional (3D) CT imaging.<br> Methods: Facial CT images were obtained from forty normal occlusion individuals. Eighteen landmarks were established from the condyle, gonion, and menton areas, and 25 measurements were constructed to represent asymmetry of the mandible; 8 for ramus length, 12 for mandibular body length, 1 for condylar neck length, 2 for frontal ramal inclination, and 2 for lateral ramal inclination. Inter- and intra-examiner reproducibility of the measurements was evaluated.<br> Results: Inter-examiner reproducibility of the measurements proved to be high except for 3 measurements. Intra-examiner reproducibility also proved to be high except for 2 measurements. Interand intra-examiner reproducibility of the measurements including Gonion proved to be low.<br> Conclusions: The results of the present study indicate that the landmarks and measurements constructed in 3D CT images can be used for the diagnosis of facial asymmetry.

퇴행성 요추부 질환에서 TFC를 이용한 후방 융합술

이병규,박형천,박향권,김명현,박동빈,김성학,신규만 대한신경외과학회 1995 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.24 No.1

Surgical treatment for chronic back pain in degencrative lumbar spine has been still complicated. Several kinds of devices for spine fusions have been developed, but they have had both some advantages and disadvantages. Recently, the TFC(Threaded fusion cage) instrument has been introduced in treating lumbar spinal disorders associated with degenerative changes. The authors analysed 15 cases of lumbar degenerative disease treated with adequate decompression and TFC instrumentation between October 1993 and March 1994 at Ewha Womans University Mokdong Hospital. There were 10 females and 5 males. The main surgical indication was serious limitation of daily activity, which was not treated conservatively. The preoperative diagnoses were 6 degenerative stenosis with disc, 6 degenerative spondylolisthesis, 2 spondylosis and spondylolytic spondylolisthesis, and 1 FBSS. We observed that 93% of patients(14 of 15) had more than good results and preoperative back pain was markedly reduced. Intervertebral disc space was well restored, and the reduction was possible in spondylolisthesis patients. In our opinion, TFC instrument will be one of good surgical modality in the treatment of degenerative lumbar spine.

Reliable Multivalued Conductance States in TaO_<i>x</i> Memristors through Oxygen Plasma-Assisted Electrode Deposition with in Situ-Biased Conductance State Transmission Electron Microscopy Analysis

Lee, Myoung-Jae,Park, Gyeong-Su,Seo, David H.,Kwon, Sung Min,Lee, Hyeon-Jun,Kim, June-Seo,Jung, MinKyung,You, Chun-Yeol,Lee, Hyangsook,Kim, Hee-Goo,Pang, Su-Been,Seo, Sunae,Hwang, Hyunsang,Park, Sung American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.35

<P>Transition metal oxide-based memristors have widely been proposed for applications toward artificial synapses. In general, memristors have two or more electrically switchable stable resistance states that device researchers see as an analogue to the ion channels found in biological synapses. The mechanism behind resistive switching in metal oxides has been divided into electrochemical metallization models and valence change models. The stability of the resistance states in the memristor vary widely depending on: oxide material, electrode material, deposition conditions, film thickness, and programming conditions. So far, it has been extremely challenging to obtain reliable memristors with more than two stable multivalued states along with endurances greater than ∼1000 cycles for each of those states. Using an oxygen plasma-assisted sputter deposition method of noble metal electrodes, we found that the metal-oxide interface could be deposited with substantially lower interface roughness observable at the nanometer scale. This markedly improved device reliability and function, allowing for a demonstration of memristors with four completely distinct levels from ∼6 × 10<SUP>-6</SUP> to ∼4 × 10<SUP>-8</SUP> S that were tested up to 10<SUP>4</SUP> cycles per level. Furthermore through a unique in situ transmission electron microscopy study, we were able to verify a redox reaction-type model to be dominant in our samples, leading to the higher degree of electrical state controllability. For solid-state synapse applications, the improvements to electrical properties will lead to simple device structures, with an overall power and area reduction of at least 1000 times when compared to SRAM.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Suppressive effects of ethyl acetate extract of Asparagus cochinchinensis Merr. on the lipopolysaccharide induced inflammation in RAW264.7 cells

Hyeon Ah Lee,Eun Kyoung Koh,Ji Eun Kim,Jun Go,Sung Hwa Song,Ji Eun Sung,Chan Kyu Park,Dong Seob Kim,Hong Joo Son,Cung Yeoul Lee,Hee Seob Lee,Dae Youn Hwang 한국실험동물학회 2015 한국실험동물학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2015 No.8

제5차 대한간학회 춘계학술대회 초록집 : 식도정맥류의 조기 재출혈 예방에 결찰요법과 Octreotide의 병용치료 와 결찰요법 단독치료의 효과 비교

이규현 ( Lee Gyu Hyeon ),조성원 ( Jo Seong Won ),고준호 ( Go Jun Ho ),고영윤 ( Go Yeong Yun ),김호동 ( Kim Ho Dong ),유병무 ( Yu Byeong Mu ),이광재 ( Lee Gwang Jae ),김영수 ( Kim Yeong Su ),함기백 ( Ham Gi Baeg ),김진홍 ( Kim Jin 대한간학회 1999 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.5 No.1(S)

Orbital torque in magnetic bilayers

Dongjoon Lee,Dongwook Go,Hyeon-Jong Park,Wonmin Jeong,Hye-Won Ko,Deokhyun Yun,Daegeun Jo,Soogil Lee,Gyungchoon Go,Jung Hyun Oh,Kab-Jin Kim,Byong-Guk Park,Byoung-Chul Min,Hyun Cheol Koo,Hyun-Woo Lee,Ou 한국자기학회 2022 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.31 No.2

Ginsenoside Rg1 augments oxidative metabolism and anabolic response of skeletal muscle in mice

Hyeon-Ju Jeong,Hyun-Kyung So,Ayoung Jo,Hye-Been Kim,Sang-Jin Lee,Gyu-Un Bae,Jong-Sun Kang 고려인삼학회 2019 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.43 No.3

Background: The ginsenoside Rg1 has been shown to exert various pharmacological activities with health benefits. Previously, we have reported that Rg1 promoted myogenic differentiation and myotube growth in C2C12 myoblasts. In this study, the in vivo effect of Rg1 on fiber-type composition and oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle was examined. Methods: To examine the effect of Rg1 on skeletal muscle, 3-month-old mice were treated with Rg1 for 5 weeks. To assess muscle strength, grip strength tests were performed, and the lower hind limb muscles were harvested, followed by various detailed analysis, such as histological staining, immunoblotting, immunostaining, and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. In addition, to verify the in vivo data, primary myoblasts isolated from mice were treated with Rg1, and the Rg1 effect on myotube growth was examined by immunoblotting and immunostaining analysis. Results: Rg1 treatment increased the expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms characteristic for both oxidative and glycolytic muscle fibers; increased myofiber sizes were accompanied by enhanced muscle strength. Rg1 treatment also enhanced oxidative muscle metabolismwith elevated oxidative phosphorylation proteins. Furthermore, Rg1-treated muscles exhibited increased levels of anabolic S6 kinase signaling. Conclusion: Rg1 improves muscle functionality via enhancing muscle gene expression and oxidative muscle metabolism in mice.

Improvement of Volatile Quality from Allomyrina dichotoma Larvae Using Yeast Fermentation

Hyeon Ji JEON,Hye Jee KANG,Yeon Ju LEE,Go Eun CHOI,Bo Yeong PARK,Jun Ho HEO,Young Hoon JUNG 한국생물공학회 2022 한국생물공학회 학술대회 Vol.2022 No.4