학교급식에 일반 HACCP 모델 적용시 장애요인에 대한 인지도

최숙희,김성희,곽동경 대한영양사협회 2003 대한영양사협회 학술지 Vol.9 No.3

The purpose of this study was to identify obstacles by surveying dieticians' perception in implementing Generic HACCP Plan for school foodservice operations from 2001. The survey was conducted in five areas; Seoul, Kyoung-gi Province, In-cheon, Kwang-ju and Dae-jean. Five hundred and sixty questionnaire were sent by the e-mail address and the local school dietician's Community Board on the internet, 263 were returned. Two hundred and forty were returned by E-mail, return rate was 42.86%. Twenty three were received by the local school dietician's Community Board on the internet. The obstacles were grouped of six fields and indicated thirteen factors in implementation of the Generic HACCP Plan for school foodservice. The six fields were 'status of cooperation within HACCP team', 'cooperation with the external people' such as teachers, food suppliers, student's parents, 'understanding HACCP system of the dieticians', 'hygiene facilities', 'training & educating employees', and 'monitoring'. We used Likert's scale to assess the factor as a obstacle : 5-agree strongly, 4-agree, 3-medial, 2-don't agree, 1-dont't agree strongly. Results of this study are as follows; 1) The scores of thirteen factors indicated as obstacles were over 3(medial) except 'lack of dietician's understanding about HACCP System(2.86±0.97)'. Also only about 63% dieticians recognized that as an obstacle factor. 2) 'Deficiency of hygiene facilities(4.41±0.76)', 'lack of teachers' cooperation(4.23±0.77)', 'inadequacy of the kitchen lay-out(4.19±0.95)' and 'lack of training and educating program for employees(3.97±0.85)' scored most highly. Results from this study show that financial resources and educating system are very important to settle down HACCP system for School Foodservices successfully.

달맞이꽃 뿌리의 성분에 관한 연구

최윤수,석경순,이경선,전숙경 대구효성가톨릭대학교 1992 연구논문집 Vol.45 No.1

Oenothera odorata Jacquin(Onagraceae), native to south America, is naturalized and grows wild in Korea. The seed oil, named evening primerose oil, of this plants is used for prophylacsis of adult disease. From the roots of this plant, β-sitosterol, β-sitosterol-3-O-D-glucopyranoside and asiatic acid were isolated. The structures were elucidated by spectrometric methods and chemical transformation.

개화기의 여성교육론

崔敬淑 釜山 外國語 大學校 1998 外大論叢 Vol.18 No.2

Coming in the enlightenment age the importance of women's role and education were under discussion. Before the thought of enlightenment was spread, the extention of women's rights ad the equality of the sexes was claimed and stressed by the 'Donghak' thought. And this thought influenced women's enlightenment tremendously. After the 1870's the importance of women's education as well as modern deucation was introduced by Early Thinkers. At this time these thinkers had more interest in the removal of bad customs such as the marital system and social reform in society which women lies in than women's education. In the late 1890's women's education was stressed and we can summrise the stressed contents as follows. First, men and women as human being ought to have sequal rights. Second, the equality of the sexes is realized by education. Namely by education women's status increase and is equal to men. Therefore equal opportunity must be given to women. Third, because women are responsible for the childern's education, and this education is an important subject to raise capable persons who work for the restoration of sovereignity. Therefore women's education must be urgently realizized. In conclusion, women's education in this enlightenment age was the education to raise women as the helpers to active men who tried to restore sovereignity, not for women who had the extended spirit and the true character. But with the stress of women's education and the progress, women's self-awakening deeloped.

1920년대 기독교비판과 반기독교운동

최경숙 釜山外國語大學校 2005 外大論叢 Vol.30 No.-

In 1920, many intellectuals in Korea demanded both changes of methodology in the independence movement and acceptance of socialist ideology. In addition, they suggested that church should confront with the national disruption strategy under the rule of Japanese imperialism and the right national problems. Churches, however, did not face with the social demand positively in those days and also conform to that demand for the changes by persisting its defend guard. In that situation of colonize and invasion of Japanese imperialism, the activities of Japanophilism and separation of church and state by missionaries who was leading the whole churches in Korea broke faith with Korean people. Now I recognize these missionaries' attitudes are one of causes which provoked Korean people to criticize about christianity more sharply. In the Lee Kwangsu's viewpoint, the famous writer, though he admitted the role of christianity which played a positive role in receiving western civilization, he pointed out the contradiction of christian church keenly at the same time. He gave following examples as contradictions of Korean christian church, for instances, class condition, the church-for-church principle, priest's indiscretion, superstitious inclination. He also accentuated the point that Korean christian church has to get its way by escaping from the western point of view. Furthermore the constructive criticism was begun with receiving socialists. Socialist's proclamation of anti-religion was promoted in the same line with propagation of class emancipation ideology and anti-capitalism front line. There are some reasons that socialists develop the anti-christianity movement. Firstly, socialists regard religion itself as an interrupting element in the socialistic construction of society. Secondly, there was an influence of anti-religious movement which was being developed in China and Soviet Union at that time. Thirdly, there was put the obstacle action by western missionaries' tendency of Japanophilism, non-political tendency of christianity, private salvation, and immersible inclination of religious mysticism upon the national movement. Accordingly there was an tremendous anti-christianity on a large scale. If we look for socialists' critical logic on the christianity, we can see the following results. The socialists, in those days, could see the collusion between imperialism and christianity directly, indirectly, or consequently which was not pointed out profoundly by christian intellectuals. Besides, they comprehend the medical and educational evangelism which was being considered the great contribution of Korean christianity since the christian missionary work in the same line with expansion of imperialism, Because of this stand point, they criticize christianity keenly. They also insisted that religion is a kind of drug which demolishes national consciousness as well as class consciousness, therefore, it must be destroyed. In addition, christianity liquidates the potential energy changing reality by segregating the public from the poor reality. From this reason, a decisive opportunity to promote their indifference about social realities was planned, socialists criticized. They also found fault with not only the various worst things which consists in unseen conflicts being in the inside of the church, but some conflicts springing from the power expanding processes of the church. They even found some problems in both missionaries' attitudes toward Korean people and Japanophilism tendency. As a result, they hypercriticize that church is the group in which authoritarianism or hypocrites are activating and christian socialism has some limitations in itself.

發達段階에 따른 記憶情報의 組織化過程에 關한 硏究(Ⅰ) : 槪念的 節疇가 組織化에 미치는 영향 The Effects of Conceptual Categories on Organization

崔以順,崔敬淑 연세대학교 대학원 1977 延世論叢 Vol.14 No.1

This experiment examined the effects of conceptual categories on organization in memory development. The subjects were kindergarteners and first through sixth grade elementary school children. The stimulus cards in each trial consisted of sixteen picture cards of which twelve cards could be categorized in terms of three categories and the rest of the cards could not be categorized in any familiar way. These cards were shown to each subject for three minutes and then the subject was asked to say what he or she saw in free recall. It was found that the amount of recall and the amount of organization in recall increased. Among the significant differences was the difference in organization between kindergarteners and third, fourth, fifth and sixth graders. This result was interpreted to mean that organization in memory isbased on the ability of hierarchical classification which appears with the onset of concrete operational period according to Piaget.

장애아동 가족과 관련된 국내 간호학 학위 논문분석

백경선,최경숙 중앙대학교 간호과학연구소 2001 중앙간호논문집 Vol.5 No.2

This study, an analysis of the theses of the nursing science related to the family of handicapped children of the nation, is to analyze 24 pieces of theses in the science of nursing, from 1970 to December, 2000, to find the present state of nursing study related to the family of handicapped children up to date and to be sought the direction In the future. The results of the analysis is as follows; 1.The theses related to the family of handicapped children reach 24 pieces, 14 pieces of maters' theses(58.3%) and 10 of doctoral theses(41.7%). The period between 1995 and 1999 has most fruitful studies, 10 theses(41.7%). 2. For a methodology, 19 theses(79.2%) is covered by quantitative study, while 5 theses by qualitative study, all of them being doctoral thesis, disclosed since 1990. 3. For the level of theory, 10 theses fall within factor-related study, while qualitative study, situation-related, and situation generating studies is 5, 3, and 2 theses respectively, which are among doctoral theses. For a main concept, it shows mothers' stress-related concept, family adaption-related concept, and mothers' experience to be most frequently studied. Each of them is 5 respectively. 4. For a study design, experimental studies are 2 and non-experimental 17, of quantitative studies. Correlation studies reach 10, while of qualitative studies, 4 pieces are phenomenal studies. 5. As a subject, it finds to be most frequent theses using with mothers, 13 studies(54.1%). 6. For a measurement tool, it totals 43, most of them translated from foreign tools. Various tools were used and the measurement tool related to family were used most frequently. 7. Correlation theses reach 10, studying the correlation between the concept of family adaptation, countermove, stress and social support, and many factors. 8. It shows comparative studies to be 2, examining the comparison between handicapped children and normal children and mothers. 9. Experimental studies are 2, identifying the difference according to the nursing intervention of parents training program. 10. It finds 2 studies for model development, both of them to be developed the structure of family adaptation and the standard of social support. 11. There are 5 qualitative studies, most of them examined phenomenally and understood the subject of bringing-up experience. Based of the above results, It would suggest as follows; 1. It requires an understanding through experimental study related to handicapped children and various kinds of qualitative studies. 2. It need to be a diversity of a subject and a diversity of handicap. 3. It requires the development of training program to manage handicapped children. 4. It requires inter-disciplinary studies thereof.

고본 Ethanol 추출물의 투여가 streptozotocin 유발 당뇨 흰쥐의 혈당 및 글리코겐 함량에 미치는 영향

임숙자,한혜경,최성숙 덕성여자대학교 자연과학연구소 2007 자연과학 논문집 Vol.13 No.-

This study was designed to examine the effects of ethanol (EtOH) extract of Angelicae tenuissimae on glucose and glycogen levels in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. Sprague-Dawley rats were induced diabetes mellitus by STZ injection (45 mg/kg) into the tail vein and were divided into 4 groups: normal, STZ-control, two experimental diabetic groups. EtOH extract of Angelicae tenuissimae were administered orally into the diabetic rats for 14 days. The diet intake and body weight were monitored and plasma levels of glucose, aminotransferase activity and glycogen level in liver and muscle were analyzed. Oral administration of 2.0g/kg b.w. on the EtOH extracts for 14 days resulted in a significant reduction in plasma levels of glucose, activities of ALT and AST. The glycogen levels in liver and muscle of EtOH-2 group were significantly higher than that of STZ-control group. The results show that EtOH extract of Angelicae tenuissimae could be effective to control the STZ-induced diabetic rats.

지대치 재료의 환경변화에 따른 물리적 성질에 관한 연구

황유숙,최경규,박상진 大韓齒科保存學會 2005 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.30 No.2

The purpose of this study was to measure the flexural strength and hardness of four core materials in 4 different medias and to evaluate the relationship between the physical properties. For the flexural strength, the specimens were prepared from each of the following materials: Bisfil Core, Core Max, Fuji IX GP, Miracle Mix and randomly divided into four groups and stored at 37 degree C in the following medias: distilled water for 24 hours (DW/1), distilled water for 30 days (DW/30). 2%NaF for 30 days (NF/30), 0.02N lactic acid for 30 days (LA/30). After storage, the specimens were subjected to flexural strength testing and calculated to flexural modulus. For hardness testing, specimens were prepared from four materials and storaged in the uniform way. After storage, the specimens were subjected to Vicker's hardness testing. 1. The flexural strength of Core Max were the highest, and the flexural strength of Miracle Mix were the lowest. 2. The hardness of Bisfil Core were the highest. 3. The hardness of Core Max were the highest. 4. The hardness of Miracle Mix were the lowest. 5. 2%NaF and 0.02N lactic acid negatively affected the flexural strength and hardness of four core materials. 비금속 지대치 재료의 구강 내 환경변화에 따른 물리적 성질을 구명하기 위하여 4종의 지대치 재료를 다양한 환경에 보관한 후 굴곡강도 및 표면경도의 변화를 관찰하여 조건에 따른 영향을 구명하고자 이 연구를 시행하였다. Bisfil Core, Core Max, Fuji IX GP, Miracle Mix를 사용하여 굴곡강도 측정을 위한 시편을 제작한 후 최대하중을 측정하여 굴곡강도와 굴곡탄성계수를 계산하였다. 표면경도 측정을 위하여 아크릴릭 레진블럭에 상기 4종의 재료를 충전하여 중합시킨 후 순차 연마하여 경도측정을 위한 시편을 제작하고 Vickers hardness를 계산하였다. 1. 굴곡강도는 Core Max에서 가장 높고 Miracle Mix에서 가장 낮았다. 2. 37℃ 증류수에 24시간 보관한 군에서 Bisfil Core가 경도가 가장 높았다. 3. 30일 저장군에서는 Core Max가 경도가 가장 높았다. 4. 모든 군에서 Miracle Mix가 가장 낮은 경도를 나타냈다. 5. 2% NaF용액과 0.02N lactic acid용액은 증류수보다 지대치 재료의 굴곡강도와 표면경도를 저하시켰다.

신생아 뇌간청각유발전위의 발달적 변화

노숙영,박기덕,최경규 梨花女子大學校 醫科大學 醫科學硏究所 1996 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.19 No.3

Objectives : To observe the developmental maturation of brainstem auditory evoked potential(BAEP) for neonates by obtaining the normative data of each BAEP component in our own electrophysiological laboratory. Methods : We reviewed 129 BAEP recordings in neonates ranging in gestational age from 33 weeks to 44 weeks. The BAEP recording were analyzed into latency(wave Ⅰ,Ⅲ,Ⅴ), interpeak latency(Ⅰ-Ⅲ,Ⅲ-Ⅴ,Ⅰ-Ⅴ) and amplitude ratio(I/V) at 75dB sensation level clicks according to gestational age. Results : The latencies of each BAEP component decreased with maturation. Interpeak latency of waveⅠ-Ⅴ(central conduction time)also decreased with increasing age during 33-40 weeks of gestational age. Conclusion : These results provided the concept of abnormal in neonatal BAEPs and opportunity of functional evaluation about the auditory or brainstem maturation in pathologic conditions.

실내 조명의 패턴변화에 따른 밝기감 평가 실험

이진숙,김재구,최경락 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1995 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.10 No.1

Lighting pattern is very important factor to improve efficiency in indoor lighting. The purpose of this study is to grasp that lighting patterns influence brightness. Experiment was carried out by scaled-models changed as lighting patterns and evaluations of brightness were done by Magnitude Evaluation Method and Semantic Difference Method. These were analyzed as Standard Score(Z score) by statistics. The results of this study are summarized as follows. 1)The shorter accomodate-time is, the more brightness increase. 2)The more luminance increase, the more brightness increase. 3)Lighting pattern of unbalance is low brightness.