Ki-67 labeling index as a prognostic marker in advanced stomach cancer

Sang Hyuk Seo,Kwang Hee Kim,Sang Hoon Oh,Yunseon Choi,Ki Jung Ahn,Ji Young Lee,Sang Min Lee,박지선,Woo Gyeong Kim 대한외과학회 2019 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.96 No.1

Purpose: Proliferation marker Ki-67 is widely used in cancer prognosis prediction. We tried to investigate the role of Ki-67 as a prognostic factor in stomach cancer after surgery in this study. Methods: We retrospectively evaluated 251 patients who underwent curative resection for gastric cancer from 2010 to 2015. In pathologic examination, Ki-67 labeling index was defined as the percentage of Ki-67 antigen positive cells. Prognostic significance of Ki-67 for gastric cancer was evaluated. Disease-free survival (DFS) was assessed as a primary end-point. Results: The median follow-up period was 28.0 months. Thirty-one patients (12.4%) showed Ki-67 labeling index (LI) lower than 25%. Sixty-eight patients (26.6%) showed recurrence during follow-up period. Recurrence was associated with Ki- 67 LI level (≤25%, P = 0.016), and lymph node metastasis status (P = 0.002). High Ki-67 LI level (>25%) was also related to p53 positivity (P < 0.001) and poorly cohesive type (P = 0.002). The 3-year DFS was 69.4%. Low Ki-67 LI level (≤25%) was related with low DFS (47.6% vs. 72.6%, P = 0.016). T stage (P < 0.001), N stage (P = 0.006), lymphovascular invasion (P = 0.010), and neuronal invasion (P = 0.001) also affected the DFS. In addition, T stage (P = 0.03) and Ki-67 LI (P = 0.035) were independent prognostic factors for DFS. In patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy (n = 239, 93.4%), low Ki-67 (≤25%) was a poor prognostic factor for DFS (P = 0.013). Conclusion: Low Ki-67 LI predicts high rate of progression and low DFS of stomach cancer. Ki-67 LI can be a predictive marker in resected stomach cancer treated with surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy.

지방중소도시 환경개선을 위한 Super Graphic에 관한 연구 : 아파트를 중심으로 Focus On Apartments

김기준,신승혁 경복대학 2001 京福論叢 Vol.5 No.-

도시공간에 있어 수퍼그래픽은 시민의 정서적 안정과 도시 미관을 개선한다는 입장에서 제작되기 시작했고 지금에 와서는 도시 환경디자인의 빼놓을 수 없는 분야가 되었다. 도시환경을 개선한다는 일차적 목적 이외에도 지역주민의 상징과 공동체 의식을 높여주고 때에 따라서는 랜드마크나 광고선전 매체로 활용되며 도시환경의 시각요소로서 수퍼그래픽은 도시민들에게 친근감있게 부합 할 수 있어야 하며 주거환경과 지역적 특성을 살려 대중적인 의미로 전달 활용되어야 한다. 그러므로 도시 아파트 수퍼그래픽을 체계적으로 연구 조사하여 현대 사회를 살아가는 인간의 생활환경에 맞게 개선할 수 있는 방안을 모색하고자 한다. 이에 지방중소도시 아파트의 수퍼그래픽을 중심으로 문제점을 제기하고 유형과 특성을 분석하여 특색있는 만드는데 도움이 되고자 한다. In urban spaces, Super Graphic has been produced focusing on improving civil emotional stability and urban beauty, and now is an indispensable field of urban environmental design. This has to improve not only urban environment but also regional resident symbol and community consciousness, be used for a landmark or advertising media on occasions, be familiar with urban citizens as a visual element of urban environment, and be used for a popular meaning considering residential environment and regional characteristics. Therefore this study focuses on systematically researching and investigating the Super Graphic that can harmonize with modem human living environment. And this is for the purpose of presenting a problems based on the Super Graphic of regional small and medium cities and analyzing their types and features to construct characteristic environment.

居昌 古地圖의 類型과 收錄 地名 硏究

김기혁 부산대학교 한국민족문화연구소 2007 한국민족문화 Vol.29 No.-

This paper is to classify old county-maps of Geochang-bu(居昌府) in late-Chosun dynasty and to analyze place names in maps comparatively. 31 maps covering Geochang-bu were collected from the old county-map atlas(郡縣地圖帖) and Eupji(邑誌). By the comparative analysis of contents, those maps can be classified into four types. The first type(named 'Picture county map') included 7 county-maps in which information of military, and administrative contents are mainly mapped. the second type(named '1-ri grid system county map') included 5 county maps in which information about beacon routes and road systems were regarded as very important. The third type(named '20-ri grid-system map(方眼式地圖)') included 4 county-maps which were drawn as same scale with 20-ri(里) grids. The fourth type(named 'Local county-map(地方郡郡縣地圖)') included 7 county mops which were drown by local moppets. Comparative analysis of place names between those four types revealed that Grid-system mops were developed toward the large scale whole mop of Korea in the 19th century. Types of toponyms which were included in maps ore different by the purpose of map-drawing. In the picture county mops, place names from military, and administrative contents are written. In the 1-ti grid system county mops, place names especially from military and transportation ore fluent. In the 20-ri grid system county mops, generic name from natural environment, such ay mountain and islands are very fluent. In the local county mops, city-walls and castles are drown exoggetotively and detailed generic name from warehouses and villages ore written in those mops.

지하철운용에 따른 시내버스노선개편에 관한 연구

김기혁 啓明大學校 産業技術硏究所 1996 産業技術硏究所 論文報告集 Vol.19 No.1

The lack of coordination between subway and bus system that serve the around for travel to the centrial business district in metropolitan regions causes losses to both the commuters and operators. One of the related operational problems is the assignment of buses from residential areas to the CBD or to a station from which subway service to the CBD is available. A model developed by Wirasinghe(Assignment of buses in a coordinated rail and bus transit system is modified to apply bus system in Taegu. At first, transit demand is assigned to subway and bus systems. Bus demand is allocated into direct bus system (line-haul), circumferential bus system, and feeder bus system. Simple linear costs functions are developed for the transit systems. The assignment of buses, between the CBD and an arbitrarily spaced set of subway stations, that minimizes the sum of the costs to the commuters and transit operators is determined.

도시공간구조에 따른 존별 첨두율 예측모형 연구 : 대구광역시 중존을 중심으로

김태헌,김택근,김기혁 계명대학교 산업기술연구소 1998 産業技術硏究所 論文報告集 Vol.21 No.1

The aim of this research is to find out the characteristics of peak hour rate and to estimate the peak hour by spatial structure and social factors in the urban area The data used to estimate peak rate was based on Taegu city's person trip survey in 1992. Multiple regression analysis have used to develop the prediction equations for the peak hour trip by various types of land use and urban characteristics data.

지리학 논문 목록 DB (Geoarti) 소개

김기혁 釜山大學校 사범대학 지리교육과 1993 釜山地理 Vol.2 No.1

釜山市 아파트 居住地域의 形成過程과 地域類型 硏究

金基赫,薛普景 부산대학교 사회과학대학 1992 社會科學論叢 Vol.11 No.1

The purpose of this study is to analyze the process of formation and locational characteristics of apartment residential area in Pusan. As attempts to understand the process of residential differentiation in intra-urban area, analysis was proceeded from a point of view of the housing supply. Materials for the supply aspect were acquired through the statistical data of public housing. Through the time-series and mapping analysis of the amount of apartment building using the number of households, process of formation of apartment residential area was identified. For the identification of geographical pattern of apartment area, cluster analysis was proceeded. Data were transformed by administrative units (Dong), and eight variables, which were judged to be suitable for the regionalization, were used. The major findings of this study can by summarized as follows ; The construction of apartments in Pusan was initiative in the downtown area in 1941, and grew rapidly in the mid 1970's. This was due to the housing problem caused by population growth in th period of economic development. During the first and second stages (1941∼1973) apartments were of small scale and low level because of lack of capital and limitation of construction technology. In this period only the Shiyoung apartment which was provided for the low class was built in large scale. Apartment built in this stages was distributed near the downtown area or along to the east coastal area. During the third and fourth stages (1974∼1986), apartments of large scale, high level, high quality were built. In this period apartments were built by private construction companies reflecting social and economical situations for the housing markets and by government's investment to solve the housing problem. In this stages speculative investment ran into the housing market. In the third stage (1974∼1982), the construction of apartments expanded throughout the whole city, and large scale apartments are distributed significantly in the outswall area. During the fourth stage(1983∼1986), spatial differentiation became evident in the form of concentric patterns around the CBD and sub-CBD as the centers. The Fifth period(1987∼1989), the supply of housing decreases due to an overall economic recession, the real-estate stability policy of the government, and the shortage of building lot in Pusan. But in this stage through the housing application system was construction of apartment led by government. During this stage, the construction occurred in near the central places rather than in the outwall areas. By cluster analysis, five genenic regions were derived and the characteristics of each regions were very different. The apartment in Pusan are distributed not concentric patterns but along the main streets because of landform environment. This is also parallel to area which have good traffic conditions close to the central place or work place (accessibility) or outwalls which are comfortable to live in (amenity). These results of this study show that the differentiation of the residential area in Pusan related to the housing supply. The housing supply is closely related to such factors as the economic conditions, government policies, decision of construction companies, the accessibility to the central place and the living condition of neighboring areas.

부산 동래부 군현지도의 유형과 내용분석

김기혁 釜山大學校 韓國民族文化硏究所 2002 한국민족문화 Vol.19·20 No.-

This study is to classify old county-maps of Dongrae-bu, Busan and to analyze place names in maps comparatively. Nineteen maps covering Dongrae-bu was collected from the antique map books and related literature. 1. By the comparative analysis of contents, those maps can be classified into the four types. Haedong-Jido and Jiseung belong to the first type. Jiseung is a copy from Haedong-Jido. Bibyunsa-Jido, Yeongnam-Jido, Gakeup-Jido and Gwangyeo-do belong to the sencond type. Yeongnam-Jido is a copy from Bibyunsa-Jido, but a part of contents are from Haedong-Jido. Gakeup-Jido and Gwangyeo-do are copies from Yeongnam-Jido, but during the process of coping, some place names are abbreviated. Gunhyu-Jibangjido, Busan-Gojido, Dongraebusan-Gojido and Dongraebu-Jido (attachedn to the Eupji) belong to the third group. Those maps are drawn from actual scene and the original copy is Gunyun-Jibangjido. The fourth types are Daedongyeo-Jido, Dongyeodo, cheongkudo and Dongyeobigo, which are from the large scale maps of Korean penninsula. In spite that Daedongyeo-Jido and Cheongkudo was drawn by the same authors, their contents are diffenent in some parts. 2. Types of toponyms which were included in maps are different by the purpose of map-drawing. In the first type, place names from military, and administrative contents are written. In the second type, generic names from military, and administrative contents are written. In the second type, generic names especially from military and transportation and Japanese residence area. In the third types, city-walls and castles are drawn exaggeratively and detailed generic name from village are written in those maps. In the fourth types, generic name from natural environment, such as mountain and islands are very fluent.

노인들의 종합사회복지관 사회체육 활동실태에 관한 연구

김윤래,석혁기,김주영 도립 강원전문대학 2000 道立 江原專門大學 論文集 Vol.3 No.-

The Objective of this study was to find the activity that the actual condition of Sport For All programs run at Central Figure Social Welfare Organs in K province and provide the basic material for activation of Sport For All programs. Subjects of study were selected from the people who participated in Sport For All programs run six at Central Figure Social Welfare Organs located in K province : male : 73, female : 146, total : 219. Results of this study as following; 1) It was participating motive on Sport For All of Central Figure Social Welfare Organs, and to maintain their health, serve as diversion, get rid of stress, and maintain personnel relations and society. 2) The degree of satisfaction on these programs was low, because of facilities and contents of programs. 3) Over 50% participants came 4 times in one week and participation ratio of male to female is higher than in verse. 4) Participants in these programs mainly came with their friends or alone and over 50% of the participants were influenced by their own motive and the others enhanced by public administrations and sport leader were rare. 5) When they participated in program of Sport For All of Central Figure Social Welfare Organs, the degree of satisfaction for facilities was low and favorite events were archery, gate ball, gymnastics and jogging etc. 6) They showed deep interest in the necessity of the sport leader.

버스전용차선 설치 기준 비교에 관한 연구

김기혁 啓明大學校 産業技術硏究所 1996 産業技術硏究所 論文報告集 Vol.19 No.1

The starting point of this research is a general scepticism about the effectiveness of the current evaluation techniques of bus-lane operation. What is notably lacking is a sufficiently broad evaluation model for the use at the planning stage to determine the best measure for prevailing passenger demand, vehicle composition in the traffic stream, and road geometry. A prior assessment techniques is limited by the current lack of predictive methods. Many of the effects of bus operations are currently measured using "before and after" studies which are trial and error policies. Three different evaluation techniques are tested in this study, which are the method of checking the criterion of the number of buses using bus lane, checking the residual road capacity for automobile, and comparing the user travel cost for mixed lane system with bus lane system. In this study Dongseosin Ro is selected as the study corridor, which is one of the major arterial roads in Taegu.